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How a Prism Works to Make Rainbow Colors
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- Опубликовано: 17 авг 2024
- How prisms work to create a rainbow of colors, the science behind it, using sunlight for the explanation. This includes an explanation of how the electromagnetic waves make up the colors and how the refraction works on entering and leaving the prism glass to separate the visible light into the different colors of the electromagnetic spectrum to produce the rainbow of colors.
This video has correct English captions. Click on the CC button at the bottom of the video to see them.
To see how a fresnel lens works using the same refraction watch "Fresnel lens - what is it, testing focal length, solar heat generated":
• Fresnel lens - what is...
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A Darker Heart - music by audionautix.com
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This is cool! There should be an album cover based on
Yeah cool as a cucumber
No, sorry, I don't know. But are you talking about the photon coming from the EM wave interaction with the electrons of the prism or the paper? I still won't know the answer, but I'd like to understand better what you're thinking.
Yeah, dark side of the moon is my favorite album.
David James I don't know if I have a favorite but it's certainly in the Awesome! category. (I just double-checked if they had the spectrum in the right direction with respect to the prism on the album cover - it is.)
My favourite is animals or the wall gotta love Pink Floyd man
Haha same
You're welcome, and thanks. At the time I did this prism video I also considered doing a diffraction grating one. I even experiment (unsuccessfully) with a 2'x4' grating taken I took from a rear projection TV. I've added it to my todo list but don't know when I'll get to it.
You're welcome! Thanks for watching and thanks for saying so!
Yeah, this prism one was a simple one so that I could spend extra time on this week's video - a new Stirling engine (testing it tonight so hopefully it'll work.) Someone already brought up the prism from ice idea and I'm looking forward to getting the chance to try it. Sounds like fun. Thanks for the comment.
I like those engines. Lol
Glad to hear it. Thanks for the feedback.
I didn't know that. The same sorts of things happen these days, multiple times a day (?), but back then new stuff like this must have come along a lot less frequently. Newton certainly did rock as a scientist, and I'm glad he did!
Awesome. Homemade Spectroscope on a budget :D
The King of Random rip
How are you here? Legend
Rip man rip
RIP still remember the day iy as said to me i was sad while brushing my teeth
Times are hard?
Thanks! And what a neat idea for an experiment! One tricky part would be getting a clear ice, maybe start with distilled water? If the ice doesn't have even surfaces coming out of the mold then maybe cutting it with a hot wire? Looks like there'd be some trial and error involved. I might just try this. It's definitely on the list now. Let us know if you do it.
This is awesome! Thank you so much! I am going to link to this in my Nearpod lesson for this week. Since we are "remote learning" experiments are not as easy to do. If I were in the classroom, we would go outside and work with our prisms. However, since we are social distancing we can't. So thank you for this!
You're welcome. I'm glad it helped.
I put a water in a bowl then dip a mirror and let the sunlight hit the mirror.
When it reflects to the wall, it has rainbow colors.
Is it the same principle?
harris a Oh neat! It sure seems like the same principle. The light goes from air to water, and the different wavelengths enter at different angles. Then the light goes from water to air, and the different wavelengths exit at different angles again. The mirror simply serves to reflect the light back out, though if it's a mirror with a glass front then some angle changes may happen there too.
Harris a has explained how the rainbow is made in the sky.
finally an easy to understand video THANKS!!!
Thanks, Dan.
This is
really understandable
Pink floyd
My hat not only gave me shade but it provided some shade on the paper, giving the rainbow more contrast at times too!
:) I didn't select it for that reason, it's been on my todo list for a while, but I sure noticed it when doing searches for research!
Also interesting would be to measure the temperature in different areas. That's how William Herschel accidentally discovered infrared when he measured the hottest temperature of the light refracted from the prism where there was no visible light at all.
Thanks!
Beautifully explained. Thanks!
good luck with the stirling enigne. once i tried it but it didn't work. i spined it, and it spinned slower and slower until it stopped. well maybe i should try again. good luck again.
Thanks for the ideas !
I appreciate you and your content😊
If you put another prism, is it going to be white again?
Thanks a lot with this video I was able to answer my homework
thx so much for the video u help me so much i had to write 10 sentences of how prisms create a rainbow and it helped me so much thx :)
I need to get me a prism now lol. Thanks for the video. Very cool stuff ^^
lol, highly appropriate to do a prism video, with the news at the moment :)
May be worth trying a solar panel in the different areas. Perhaps then a self made water based splitter could show gains from the panel.
Thank you for showing me how to build a nice prism demo
Thank you for this! this will be our topic on our thesis defense
Thanks for this useful and informative video, which I just finished watching with my year 3 students :)
Well explained ❤❤❤
this was interesting thanks for the video it helps me a lot in explaining colors as a paint technician.... cheers
Good video.
Thank you. It was a great video. Can you make a video on Diffraction grating please?
Thanks, Grant. Hmm... I guess you could bounce some strong white light off of a material and into the prism to get some idea of what's in the material... I think?!?. :)
Strange that youtube flagged your comment as spam. Must have thought you're selling spectroscopes. :)
Yet another good vid'. Could you explain whether the EMS is jumping from 3p2 to 4p3 or3p3 to make the different colours?
Brent
Groan. Should have my mouth shut. :) I'm working on the video as we speak but it won't be a big construction ons as I'd planned. The Stirling engine worked but not fantastic. So you get some demos plus a little explanation instead.
hey thanks for video. also why does Chakras have red as bottom when its top on a rainbow?
Awesome video as Always!!!
Concise and informative
Beautiful video. Thank You.
just not sure what makes them bent, is it the angle of the prism? if so why doesn't light bent in the opposite direction the second time its passing through the glass into air as the angle is opposite of when the light is entering from air to glass
+arman sesar That depends on what kind of answer you want.
If you want to know what's actually going on that makes it bend that way then I don't have an answer for you. Here's an excellent video about it but even in there they don't talk about the bending ruclips.net/video/CiHN0ZWE5bk/видео.html.
If you want the higher level explanation then it has to do with Snell's law, which doesn't really give a "why" answer. But I've used the simple formula a few times for different things and it works a shown en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell's_law (it's always fun to do the math and see it work out to match experiment.)
I watched the video, not much i hadn't heard already, and i understand the phenomena just not sure why it bents in a specific direction and not the other, or why it bents at all, im assuming it has to do with the angle of the prism hense the triangle shape since im assuming light does not bent when entering another fluid at 90 degrees, it also makes intuitive sense that the higher frequency waves/particles would bent more than lower frequency ones simply due to having more mass/magnitude, and being impacted more by w.e that they're being impacted by, assuming there are some sort of molecular interactions between the two which we have not quite been able to explain, all and all im not satisfied with the whole atomic structures theory concerning subshels...etc and definitely not satesfied with the theories surrounding light as im sure you can understand the frustration, thank you anyways, very much enjoyed that little clip
+arman sesar Keep in mind that physics is mathematical models that predict what will happen, not necessarily why things happen, so the answers may not always be there. However, the video link I gave referred to another video wherein the professor referred to Feynman's Lectures volume 1, section 31 "The Origin of the Refractive Index". I haven't had a chance to go through it myself but here's a link to the free online copy www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_31.html. Possibly you'll find a clue there.
+RimstarOrg Ah, the answer's there, or at least at the level done in the explanation. In Feynman's Lecture's (here's the link again www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_31.html) scroll down to figure 31-2 and the accompanying text. It makes perfect sense when you picture light not as a particle but as a wave. Then you can see how the wave, once it's moved to the other medium, is moving in a different direction due to the different speed. His explanation is sort of an "it is because it is" explanation, but if you picture each line that makes up the wave as being not a solid line but a whole bunch of separate particles that slow down (or speed up, but that would be moving in the other direction) once they've moved to the other medium. Then you can picture what happens to the overall wave that's made up of these imaginary particles. Of course those imaginary particles don't exist; they just help me picture why the wave does what it does.
RimstarOrg +RimstarOrg its making way more sense after looking at the diagram, it made sense why the lines would bend because at any angle all particles closest to the surface slow down before the particles on the far side of the beam and therefore enter the new medium at an angle. there is however still one small hole to this logic since even when the wave crests change angle, there is really no explanation to why the whole beam would change direction all together...unless there were other forces at play such as horizontal interactions (bonds) between each light particle with respect to its next door neighbor as they're traveling side by side, that way initially when the first particle enters the new medium, it would pull on its next door neighbor which is still desiring to travel at full speed before it reaches the new medium and changes its direction and thereby setting off a chain reaction which will change the direction of the beam entirely, it would also help to know if the width of the beam changes size as the beam enters the new medium (which i must assume it does if the beam changes direction), here's a little something i drew after analyzing figure 31-2 which helped me figure out whether or not the bent would actually take place, it might help show you what i mean when i say the bent of the entire beam would not be necessary with just that explanation alone...
drive.google.com/file/d/0B4pJzNxCu9DGNlhldGZqdFpsTG8/view?usp=docslist_api
i assigned different color particles to different locations on the wave and used arbitrary numbers for the length of the crests, distance traveled, speed of light c (which i set equal to 1 for simplicity purposes), i tried to label everything as much as i could, let me know what you think
What a idea
Really really thank you. This is very helpful, I finally understand. :)
I just watched your video on Rainbows. I am an artist and am creating an art installation in which I want a spot light to hit a round prism and create small rainbows on the floor. When sunlight goes through the prism at my house, rainbows appear. But, when I use a full-spectrum light bulb, I only get dim white lights and not rainbows.
Do you have any ideas on how for me to use an unnatural light source hit
the prism to create rainbows in the same manner as the sunlight hitting
the prism?
Thank you so much for your time and wisdom!
Are you letting the full-spectrum light get to the prism through a slit like I do with sunlight in the video? If not then maybe the light is arriving at the prism at many different angles and therefore it refracting at many angles and coming out at so many angles that is appears white again.
If I can find my prism then I'll try it but embarrassingly, I just looked for it and couldn't find it (I must not have written it on whichever box I put it in.)
And glad I could help! Thanks for watching!
Great video...thank you for posting! :)
:)
My cat doesn't live in a box either. :)
thxs it helped for my science vision project
Thank you soooo much! This helped a ton:)
Isn't light are just photons which means it's a mass less particles(energy) how he is describing it as waves with different wave lengths?
Pretty video!
That is very cool.
great video!
how do you think an ice-made prism would work? i know it's got lower refraction index, so the effect would be less intense any ideas how to get the surfaces even?
Send it back to the trilogy.
So in order for rainbows to happen, they need to pass through glass? How about a glass dome, would that work? I don't see how mist could create a perfect half circle in the sky. But if there was a glass dome above, I could totally understand how it could work. :)
For rainbows to happen, light needs to pass through a material that refracts, reflects and disperses in the right way, like water droplets do. Rainbows are not domes, but are actually full circles, well, they would be except that the ground is often where the bottom half would be. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow
A rainbow is not a dome, but it's in the shape of a dome.
Why are rainbows dome-shaped?
There's too much to answer in a comment. See the wikipedia page I linked to.
after reading all the comments I see your the only one with common sense.. dome over flat earth.
Eu tenho um bola de vidro e um castiçal que tem efeito prisma quando boto na resta de sol no quarto fica cheio de gotas de arco-íris uma graça, o amanhecer ficou mais leve.
next time can you make a video with a conclusion ( oh, by they way nice explaining!
I heard that rectangular transparent blocks cant seperate light into different colours. Why cant they, but triangular prisms can?
I could be wrong but I think that a rectangular block should be able to separate light into different colors. All you'd have to do is arrange one corner of the rectangle into a similar position as shown in the video at 1:38.
That is so fire
Can you make a curving rainbow?
Any Color You Like my friend.
well, you explain good, but everything you do explain, i already know :) but it's still good to watch. sugestion, prisms can be made out of ice.
شرح رائع ،شكرا لك
I always love your videos :)
It's doable. All you'd need is a focusing lens and another prism and it'll be white again.
How large is the opening? 1/16"?
I didn't measure it. I just used what worked well. Looking at the video, my guess is more like 1/8".
can't wait for stirling engine :-)
what if we expose a prism to the amplified light passes through a magnifying glass?
a magnifying glass is actually made up of prisms too
it's supposed to be + powered and made up of base in prisms
the center colour in the band of a prism? sir tell me with explain soon
That depends on what range of light is going into it. If it's visible light then we can use a table here en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrum#Spectral_colors to see that violet starts around 380 nm and red ends at 750 nm. That's a range of 370 nm (750 - 380). Divide that by two to find halfway and we get 185 nm (370 / 2). Add that to the beginning, 380 nm, and we get a middle of 565 nm (380 + 185). From that table, 565 nm is just at the end of the green, almost to the yellow.
Hey man, did you know that you can also create a rainbow of colors by using diffraction gratings like CDs instead of a prism? You should really do a video about creating a rainbow of colors with a simple CD which I'm certain almost everyone has including you, please reply and tell me what you think.
Brandon Fisher I thought about doing that back when I made this video. I played with the CD but I also have a 2'x4' diffraction grating which I got from the same rear projection TV that I got my Fresnel lens from. But I couldn't get anything to make it diffract and so I ended up not making any diffraction video at all. I'll think about it again. Thanks!
RimstarOrg Anything that emits white light should work like a simple incandescent flashlight (if you want to see a full spectrum don't use the LED ones) even putting a diffraction grating over a camera lens should work. You're welcome BTW
Proof that you can use a simple flashlight check out the photo here: www.teachengineering.org/collection/cub_/lessons/cub_images/cub_spect_activity7_figure6.jpg
+RimstarOrg Remember: if you're having trouble finding a diffraction grating or diffracting a light source simply use a CD as a diffraction grating and shine a white light source on the reflective side.
Note: again, use an incandescent light source if you want to see a full spectrum.
Brandon Fisher
Really intresting
What cause colors to be visible when light passes trough prism? And why they are not visible without a prism ?
In a way, you do see all the colors without the prism but the problem is they're all coming from the same place. Your eye gets all the colors but since they're all coming from the same place, your eye treats the resulting light as white light. The prism, as explained at 0:57, separates out the colors so that they're coming from different places and so now your eye can treat them as individual colors.
@@RimstarOrg thank you !
what is the largest prisms I can buy
I really don't know. I don't see why there'd be any limit. You'll have to shop around I guess.
Why are there 7 visible electromagnetic waves? what made the sun emit these 7 and not only 1 lets say
There's actually more than 7. There's a whole continuous range but for simplicity, I drew only 7. I don't know specifically what processes on the sun's surface are causing it to emit the range of wavelengths that it does.
If you really want to see multiple colors of light then get a cd and look at its smooth coated surface you will see then!
I'm not entirely sure of the story, but I think some people didn't like when Newton did this, seperating white light into other parts....perhaps creating an artificial/man-made rainbow of which only God was to be able to do in the sky. Today we know that we can tell what is in stars and composition of things due to this effect.
Is it always necessary to use something like this? My friend had a prism in his window (with sunlight coming through) I could see colored light in the room and asked him if he had one, turns out he had several. I guess I'm missing something, I thought all you had to do was shine white light through it on a surface, as seemed to be the case with his prism, but I got some as a present for my niece and they don't work that way. Seems a piece of multicolor stain glass would be better.
No, it isn't always necessary to use a triangular shaped prism like this. As you saw in the video, I used a cylinder at one point. The effect is called refraction and can happen with many shapes.
@@RimstarOrg what I meant was your apparatus, the pieces of cardboard with the slit for light, is it always neccesary to use that, or simply shine light through it onto a surface to get the rainbow effect without something like that.
I used the slit to make sure I was using light coming from one direction only. Look at the video at 1:40 with the one white arrow going in from one direction only and multiple colored arrows coming out. Now imagine what if you had a bunch of white arrows coming in from different directions. The colored arrows coming out would be in all kinds of directions and even with multiple of the same colors going all all kinds of directions. You my still see various colors or they may all add up to just white -- it just depends on what's coming into the pyramid. I wanted a nice, clear rainbow coming out with all the colors separated and in the right order for demonstration and explanation purposes.
@@RimstarOrg like I saying when I saw the colored light from my friends prism showing sunlight through it, it was simply setting on the window sill, didn't have to use any kind of thing you you did, why is that?
Had a sunny day today so I could try it out without the carboard setup. I got the colored lights with some orientations, some very sharp angles too. At some angles it was very spread out and not suitable to my explanation in this video where I wanted them very tightly aligned. And at some angles it might have been good enough. The main thing is to have the light coming from one direction only as much as possible, then the angles will work out nice for a demonstration. But if all you want is colored light and don't care about having each color nicely separated then that's not too hard to get. Fun.
ya but why does violet light refract at a different angle than red?
Because they have different wavelengths.
Different wavelengths. Red has longer wavelength therefore is faster and violet has shorter wavelength therefore is slower. Red refracts less because it is faster and is shown by the larger distance it has from the medium, compared to the slower violet. This is how each colour can be seen, since each colour has different wavelengths, allowing us to see individually, when refracted.
Thank you so much
HEY ITS A VERY GOOD VIDEO
using the gap pollutes the observation : without a gap red-yellow and blue-light-blue won't meet each other, and there is no green.
VIBGYOR.
VIOLET HAS LEAST WAVELENGTH.
RED HAS MAXIMUM WAVELENGTH.
BTW GOOD VIDEO.
nice hat!
damn good video
Thankks! And thanks for watching it!
That is the simple theory or view of the rainbow..... It is much complicated way further than that.... And it doesn't introduce the parts of light!
Good
It is tooooo smalll but very good demostration
its a good way of saying how a prism works. but there are better ways to do it to.
its good.
good
mah alternating current! make it white again!1!~
👌👌👌👌👌
Ok
red yellow green cyan blue magenta
nwb1357 I don't remember what source I used but here's one en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow#Overview
nwb1357 Looks like we have plenty of options to choose from. By the way, that video was copied from ruclips.net/video/9udYi7exojk/видео.html I've reported it for copyright violation.
When we use a red filter the light just seems to be white, until it passed through the red filter. Here, it is clearly the filter that causes the white light to turn red. Similarly, we get green light with a green filter, and so on. Why then, when you pass the same white light through a dispersion prism and and we get a rainbow, do we NOT think the prism is causing the rainbow?? Review : a red filter turns white light red. A blue filter turns white light blue. Green filter turns white light green. When white light through a prism gives a rainbow? All the sudden the light we know as white must really be a rainbow? Who said this?
I have seen no proof of this. Can you prove the prism is not the cause of the rainbow color light?
Light goes through all shapes of glass and prism's and does not come out rainbow colored. Only the dispersion prism makes the rainbow...
Send sunlight through a prism. Use a second prism on only one of the colors coming through the first prism. Try red, for example, and you will only get red.
Why?
Because the prism is not adding colors. It only spreads out the colors.
Do the opposite of spreading colors; blend them together. One way is to take the three primary colors, yellow, red, and blue. Cut out a circle of white cardboard and color 1/3 yellow, 1/3 red, and 1/3 blue. Put in on an electric drill and spin it at a high r.p.m. (revolutions per minute).
What color does the cardboard appear while spinning?
Yes, white. You just put your rainbow back together!
Second way: Mix paint (yellow, red, and blue). If done perfectly, you get black, but usually dark brown....depending on what your proportions are.
Black and White are the same thing; rainbows in disguise.
Also im nine, i found this plastic thing that works like a prism lol.
I'm from GMM
Guys it’s Kareena!Anyone here from mah class?
Damn yo got let down I'm sorry miss.
It’s 2 am
0:20 ILLUMINATI CONFIRMED!
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