Tracking a Killer: The Origin and Evolution of Tuberculosis | Anne Stone
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 3 июн 2024
- In 2014, Tuberculosis (TB) surpassed HIV as the leading cause of death from infectious disease. Unlike HIV, TB has long been a scourge of humans; however, exactly how long has been debated.
In this lecture Anne Stone examines the evolutionary history of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes TB, focusing on the distribution of TB strains in humans (past and present) in order to understand their relationships, assess patterns of pathogen exchange through time, and investigate how TB adapted to humans and other animals.
Dr. Stone's lab group uses new methods of ancient DNA extraction as well as methods to target pathogen DNA to obtain genetic data from ancient samples with characteristic TB bone lesions. To date, they have sequenced the M. tuberculosis genome from three ancient Peruvians dating to ~1000 years ago. Their analyses indicate that this bacteria likely “jumped” from animals and became a human pathogen within the last 6,000 years. In addition, the results show that ancient Peruvian TB strains are distinct from any known human-adapted TB strains and are most closely related to strains adapted to sea mammals. Sea mammals, specifically Southern Hemisphere seals and sea lions, acquired strains from other animals in Africa and then within the last 2000 years brought these TB strains to South America.
About the speaker:
Anne Stone is Professor in the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at the Arizona State University. Her specialization and main area of interest is anthropological genetics.
Currently, her research focuses on population history and understanding how humans and the great apes have adapted to their environments, including their disease and dietary environments.
Dr. Stone serves on The Leakey Foundation's Scientific Executive Committee.
The second part of this was, like, why, and rather confused on the origins of TB. The first part, however, was incredibly informative.
My mother got bovine TB from drinking raw milk (1950, California), and I got TB from her when I was 7 (she died that same year), I was able to stay at home at that time - 1 year at 7; then I got it again [or you. ould call it a relapse?!] at 15, however at that time you were required to go to TB Sanitorium - Olive View Sanitorium, San Fernando Valley, CA. Luckily it was a time when they had the new wonder drugs for TB and I was back home in one year.
Question. How do you know she specifically got it from drinking raw milk? I'm wondering if they pinned it down to the cow and her gastrointestinal tract, or if she could have caught it from other people? Lots of people had TB.
Not the same question as whether she THOUGHT she caught it from drinking raw milk; I'm taking your word on that!
This is a fascinating lecture. Thank you. Registered nurse and I appreciate this so much.
Thank you. What a great lecture on the origins of Tuberculosis! In particular I think Dr. Stone did an great job in explaining for a broad audience the technical details of the methods she used.
I only wish the video had been focused on the slides with just the small window focused on Dr Stone. ;-)
Me too! I ended up having to pause the video, take a screenshot of the slides an d arrange my screen so I could see the slide while DR STone talked about it. If only we didn't have to play such unnecessary games.
“These are all staffed intermittently or permanently by scientists and… people.” LOL
Very interesting. Thank-you.
Nice speech
nice plaque joke Madam scientist🤓🤓🤓😋