I really enjoyed this conversation with Jim. Here's the outline: 0:00 - Introduction 3:13 - Will we ever venture outside our solar system? 5:16 - When will the first human step foot on Mars? 11:14 - Are we alone in the universe? 13:55 - Most beautiful idea in physics 16:29 - Can the mind be digitized? 21:15 - Does the possibility of superintelligence excite you? 22:25 - Role of dreaming in creativity and mathematical thinking 30:51 - Existential threats 31:46 - Basic particles underlying our universe 41:28 - What is supersymmetry? 52:19 - Adinkra symbols 1:00:24 - String theory 1:07:02 - Proving Einstein right and experimental validation of general relativity 1:19:07 - Richard Feynman 1:22:01 - Barack Obama's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology 1:30:20 - Exciting problems in physics that are just within our reach 1:31:26 - Mortality
You can see the how appreciated those questions are by the Jim Gates. This interviews are class. Thanks so much for elevating the content at such hight.
Bro, Lex. Never worry about "going off on tangents," these are your conversations, talk about whatever YOU want. The opportunity for us to listen, is itself a privilege.
I'd actually go one step further: serendipity (the "eureka" moments that we didn't expect) seems to be favored by tangents, digressions, going off track. I'm positive some of the most insightful remarks I've heard were just one-off remarks, innocent wanderings of one's mind. And to listen to Lex do this, or his guests, is but a treat.
I really like this dude...never seen him before, but this conversation was a true pleasure. He seems humble but also no-bullshit. I would love to see more content with Jim Gates, I'll have to buy his book in the meantime.
You should look him up...He's probably one of the smartest guys alive today. At least that I have the pleasure to know of. Lex is the bomb for having such great guests too! Happy New Year!
Isaac Asimov debate he's on that also from 2016, with Lisa Randall, Max Tegmark and Neil Degrasse Tyson. I recommend it, it was the first time he dropped a bomb shell or so we thought at the time. ruclips.net/video/wgSZA3NPpBs/видео.html
Just the moment i pat myself in the back for being an extremely bright individual capable of following their conversation, you came up with your comment. Thank you very much. Don't do it again please.
If you can not explain a complicated thought or concept or whatever in a dumbed down version that you could get the average person that not narrow minded but curious about this kinda deepnshit and make that person understand a very complex subject then that person doesnt have a deep understanding of the concept themselves and are just repeating text book shit
He's not dumbing down, he's BULLSHITTING. The Greeks were theoretical physicists and they declared that heavier objects fall faster then lighter ones. See THESE guys, they did real world experiments to formulate their REAL answers to reality. ruclips.net/user/results?search_query=thunderbolts+project
Brilliant stuff. I discovered Jim's work through his interviews regarding computer code found in superstructures. I won't pretend to comprehend the bulk of it, but this interview really helped me to glean some understanding of subatomic particles. Mr. Gates approaches his explanations with an aura of humility instead of pomp and pretense. It's unfortunate that his attitude feels so novel, because I think all of us would understand science better if we learned it from someone like this. Great podcast, I'm very happy for the opportunity to listen to discussions such as these. Cheers.
I believe you are referring to adinkras. They are patterns discovered in artistic tapestries throughout ancient world cultures. When Jim talked about this concept, most trained in the convential physics culture would dismiss it as subjective anidote. As for symmetries in particle physics, give the universe enough time and it will potentially examine every combinatorial possibility, but the underlying result will rely on "some type" of symmetry.
@@hughjaenus2235 I posted a very similar comment on a chess video the other day. I admitted I was a Chimpanzee when it comes to chess gambits. On the bright side, at least you have a cooler RUclips name than me :)
My favorite interview out of all the others I’ve seen. He’s makes everything very digestible and you can hear the passion for his field when he speaks. Thanks Lex
Plus the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sector defines the interactions between quarks and gluons, which is a Yang-Mills gauge theory with SU(3) symmetry, generated by T^a. Since leptons do not interact with gluons, they are not affected by this sector. The Dirac Lagrangian of the quarks coupled to the gluon fields is given by an equation containing where ψi is the Dirac spinor of the quark field, where i = {r, g, b} represents color, γμ are the Dirac matrices, Gaμ is the 8-component SU(3) gauge field, Ta ij are the 3 × 3 Gell-Mann matrices, generators of the SU(3) color group, Gaμν represents the gluon field strength tensor and gs is the strong coupling constant. Note that some should be in subscripts. The Yukawa interaction terms are an equation where Gu,d are 3 × 3 matrices of Yukawa couplings, with the ij term giving the coupling of the generations i and j. The global Poincaré symmetry is postulated for all relativistic quantum field theories. It consists of the familiar translational symmetry, rotational symmetry and the inertial reference frame invariance central to the theory of special relativity. The local SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) gauge symmetry is an internal symmetry that essentially defines the Standard Model. Roughly, the three factors of the gauge symmetry give rise to the three fundamental interactions. The fields fall into different representations of the various symmetry groups of the Standard Model (see table). Upon writing the most general Lagrangian, one finds that the dynamics depends on 19 parameters, whose numerical values are established by experiment. The parameters are summarized in the table (made visible by clicking "show") above (note: the Higgs mass is at 125 GeV, the Higgs self-coupling strength λ ~ 1⁄8).
I wanted to see how far down the comment section I could go until I bumped into someone pointing out that one of this lifetime's more accomplished and brilliant minds can make sentences.
@chiralhome i totally agree i think it's the best interviewee thus far. very nice to have invested the time to sit and listen no arrogance. nothing obnoxious
"This turned out better than I thought." That's because you, Lex, clearly get joy out of listening to and learning from our greatest minds, by giving them a chance to express their joy. Unlike other interviewers that may be trying to create tension or discover some drama to write about, you are innocent, and it makes the subject lower their guard and be themselves. You have a gift for this, it's really enjoyable to watch it unfold. Thank you.
I'm very late to this, but this was the absolute best episode - Jim has an incredibly approachable way of discussing his field and such an incredibly positive attitude.
Also very late & delighted at their interaction. Re: Approachable … A decade ago, I wondered aloud on his UMD Site & he emailed me a simple Lesson on the Multiverse. What a Kind & Gracious Genius; No Wonder Jim & Lex are so Simpatico!
Interviews like this are awesome; no interruptions, diving into issues as the guest touches on certain subjects, guided mildly by what the interviewer prepared
His ability to respond to questions so quickly eloquently and clearly is incredible. I don't even think he said "erm" once.. Super calm and composed. Most definitely a genius
Lex always apologizes for his questions but I actually think he asks some of the best questions out of any "interviewer" I've ever watched/listened to. It largely comes from the fact I simply couldn't predict half of them, and yet they instantly intrigue me. For most interviewers/podcasters you can kind of get a feel or sense for what questions will be asked.
Ask him why comet 67P has mile high cliff faces. plains, sand dunes, hundreds of kilometers square of rubble. Some dirty snow ball. From this, ruclips.net/user/results?search_query=thunderbolts+project See this, ruclips.net/video/Y8k7AwmKs90/видео.html
It's not only the questions asked, but the voice asking. Listen to Lex's tone and cadence and patience and even gentleness. He never pushes. His respect for the person across the table is obvious, so the questions are consistently perfect.
I just watched one where he said he was trying to come up with questions a child would ask, and the woman said that a 7 yr old just asked her the same question a week ago. I never saw him so happy.
Professor Gates is not only brilliant in his research and understanding of physics, but in the way he explains it to non-specialists. This is definitely one of the top 5 informative interviews I've watched on physics. The amount of information imparted per time unit is great and well-expressed.
Wow I have met this man in real life...He is a kind and beautiful person as well as a great mind..I would love to see finish the project we talked about....and im happy he found that higher power..thank you so much for this I will follow you and you support!!! Thumbs up...
Easily one of the most concise speaking scientists in the public discourse. His ability to dag to the heart of an issue is so effortless it masks the difficulty of the subject matter. The distinction he made between matter and energy is stubtle but clear. As a Scientist-Engineer who has posited hypotheses in a range of areas of human investigation...I continue like professor Gates to say more with fewer words.
Prof Gates expresses all these abstract theories so beautifully & simply & even tho I don't have the intellect or schooling to comprehend the deeper detail, for myself he makes visualizing the superficial structural framework far less challenging, from which I conclude his inspiration & enthusiasm for his subject matter readily rubs off onto others.
If Supersymmetry is the correct assertion then Morgan Freeman most likely assumes he's the lower effective energy state of Jim Gates, at least cosmologically.
I enjoyed this conversation VASTLY more than any conversation of its type in the last 5 years or so. Jim is amazingly brilliant and unlike a lot of the popular quantum physicists-turned-authors, he is not just rattling off memorized passages from his books, trying to excite the masses. He is actually conversational, and i ended up hanging on his every word. Meant to fall asleep to this last night but ended up listening to the entire thing from midnight to 1:30. “i’m a theoretical physicist, so every day feels like xmas.i have a lot of joy in my life.” Oh, Jim... i loved hearing that and i wish everyone could share that experience. ❤️
Dr. Gates has helped me better understand some key concepts in physics. He's a good person and cares for the future of humanity. I thank him for doing this interview. Lex, I know this is not your "day job" but I appreciate the time and effort you put into these videos. I like that you allow guests to speak at length in detail on these complex topics. You ask difficult questions and understand difficult answers. Good luck with all your work.
Lex's delivery is so consistent he could pitch me an ad for skunk flavored chips or self-aware weaponized lasers and I'd be like 'oh, I'll have to check that out later'
I didn't "get" calculus throught college. It was very depressing for me. After passing out of college I still used to go back to calculus and try to understand it several times. Finally after 4 or 5 years after college, one day it struck me. It was a lightbulb moment. I finally understood calculus. It was a great moment in my life of great joy. The beauty of calculus. It is a mathematical tool to make sense of the universe. In college textbooks when calculus was used I used to wonder "why?", but when I finally understood calculus, I revisited those text books and all those "why"s became "ofcourse" and "why not"s....... I could relate to Jim about how the mind struggles to solve a problem. Sometimes the solution comes after a good night's sleep.............
Exactly - thats first-principles as a way of navigating the world. The thing thats insane is how much of what the average Joe considers 'established' remains subject to revision for a scientist of his calibre!
Wow I have met this man in real life...He is a kind and beautiful person as well as a great mind..I would love to see finish the project we talked about....and im happy he found that higher power..thank you so much for this I will follow you and you support!!! Thumbs up...
What an incredible conversation. I had the pleasure of attending one of his lectures at my university. Absolutely fascinating and well spoken physicist.
I loved hearing Prof. Gates talk, it was a pleasure. One note -- I haven't heard of "flare-rockets". It has been difficult to find anything about them. If this term was referring to Aerospike engines, however (99% chance this IS what he meant) this is an interesting idea. There have been a few companies to date that have still been trying to implement these mechanisms in their launches through 2017-2019. The idea is definitely provocative, but due to SpaceX's general success since I don't know how well this idea will age. However, Jim Gates is so incredibly brilliant it is an absolute honor to hear him talk. He has had so much time to contemplate the existence of mathematics and its implications on our fundamental reality. As a young person getting involved in Mathematics and academia, thank you for being an accessible role model here on youtube. These conversations are a genuine joy to me, I see you Lex, you have a friend in me!
Keep this going, man! Only found your youtube recently (last week) and have already watched nearly 10hrs of interviews. Such a rich trove of knowledge and inspiration.
Lex Fridman, this is now my favorite pod cast. I really like your style. You ask great questions of really intelligent people that I have never heard of. Keep up the good work!
Supersymmetry (and string theory) are hotly debated in physics. Its illuminating to hear someone actually working on these ideas talk about it. Thanks as always lex. Merry Christmas
I really enjoy your conversations. I have gained so much knowledge. And a little warm fuzzy in my cold heart when I needs it. Just learning makes me smile.
Great interview on so many levels. After a layman listen’s to 100’s of scientific and mathematical focused lectures, it’s great when a conversation helps you tie up loose ends. There is so much repetition when you listen a variety of people discuss the same topics, Jim adds a more to each of those areas in a way that’s accessible to the average student of science and math.
Maybe we heard two different conversations but all I heard was "its too difficult and dangerous and so lets wait 100 years till our technology can do it" I do not think that is a good strategy. If that's how NASA looked at landing an astronaut on the moon, we wouldn't have done that either. Gotta dream big, despite if it works out or not. Even failure is a learning experience.
@@williamcleland2369 Well, guess what? there are obstacles and difficulties that are very difficult if not impossible to mitigate and come over. One thing for example Mars atmosphere! how on Earth this will be fixed? Other things like the travel time and the window available for travel! it is very long at the current speeds and considered unpractical for humans on Mars to wait for a help coming from Earth if something goes wrong! Also, the fuel required for a full trip carrying a huge ship full of supplies and construction materials and tools and not to forgot a proper place for humans to live for months this ship will have a huge mass and will require a lot of fuel for traveling in a considerable speed! Traveling to Mars will require more than just time!
Thank You for hosting, creating and manifesting this excellent interview series; your style, manner and excellent research and presentation with your guests keeps me coming back for more. The subject matter is timely, relevant and thought provoking. Brilliant work.
This in my top three of all interviews you've done, I really enjoyed this. Very fascinating and informative. Prof. Gates just has a way of putting everything scientific in a historical and philosophical perspective. And your questions were great Lex!
What a great conversation from a great mind. If he and his sisters and brothers are provided with a platform for their celebration of reason and critical thinking our worlds would be in much better shape.
Lex, I am attorney, policy advocate and elected official in Illinois. Your message over the last year has been so powerful that I am now looking at different doctorate programs in theoretical physics. You are a true inspiration, sir. Keep up the great work. I would love to collaborate with you in the future.
Fun fact: Your brain is extremely active while you sleep and non-rote learning (especially abstract learning) happens at the subconscious level. Excellent conversation. It was a pleasure listening to this. Thank you.
Well that's because while sleeping you're bored and have nothing else to do other than sleep. So your brain starts simulating various situations and outcomes or past memories, atleast from my experience. And it's not just sleeping, it's being in a boring state like sitting in a bus and waiting to arrive at your destination.
Lex I love your podcast. Sometimes when people answer your questions you go straight to a different question without asking any follow up question. I get you have a constricted time to do this but maybe consider asking questions about what they had just said. I would watch this and many other podcasts even if they were 5+ hours.
Very noble of you saying to watch the ad and your asking in gentleman manner. As I am a gentleman. I will but normally I skip ads lighting quick as if it were contagious,but your guest and your questions just blows my mind on a constant basis. 👍
Hey Lex, really love your show man! Enjoy the straight to the point interviewing, thoughtful questions, and the guests you have are very impressive. Keep it up my friend!
Lex, your first statements were a breath of fresh air in an environment that typically chokes out any thoughts of being a generalist in favor of specialization. I believe it is impossible to be a real specialist without laying a good generalist foundation first.
These interviews are historical documents from many people we normally don’t get to see in this type of setting. It’s great that Lex asks questions about things that normally wouldn’t come up in a lecture or forum, which gives a more personal perspective of the person. Between Lex, Rogan, Tom Bilyeu and a few others, I’ve been introduced to many amazing people.
Dr Gates was my Physics 101 professor at University of Maryland in probably Fall '97. He was a great professor, probably one of the best I had there. And you can see why. He's passionate, energetic, and engaging. He's also a very nice man. He tells a story about his early difficulty with Integral Calculus and when I was having my own difficulties, he was very understanding. It is not a common trait in Professors.
What a fantastic, moving interview. I had this on while working... and the true test of greatness is when I have to pause what I'm doing to just listen. There were several of these, and while Mr. Gates was no doubt talking Kindergarten so us small minds could grasp, his patience and humanity shines. Thanks Lex!!!!
Plus the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sector defines the interactions between quarks and gluons, which is a Yang-Mills gauge theory with SU(3) symmetry, generated by T^a. Since leptons do not interact with gluons, they are not affected by this sector. The Dirac Lagrangian of the quarks coupled to the gluon fields is given by an equation containing where ψi is the Dirac spinor of the quark field, where i = {r, g, b} represents color, γμ are the Dirac matrices, Gaμ is the 8-component SU(3) gauge field, Ta ij are the 3 × 3 Gell-Mann matrices, generators of the SU(3) color group, Gaμν represents the gluon field strength tensor and gs is the strong coupling constant. Note that some should be in subscripts. The Yukawa interaction terms are an equation where Gu,d are 3 × 3 matrices of Yukawa couplings, with the ij term giving the coupling of the generations i and j. The global Poincaré symmetry is postulated for all relativistic quantum field theories. It consists of the familiar translational symmetry, rotational symmetry and the inertial reference frame invariance central to the theory of special relativity. The local SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) gauge symmetry is an internal symmetry that essentially defines the Standard Model. Roughly, the three factors of the gauge symmetry give rise to the three fundamental interactions. The fields fall into different representations of the various symmetry groups of the Standard Model (see table). Upon writing the most general Lagrangian, one finds that the dynamics depends on 19 parameters, whose numerical values are established by experiment. The parameters are summarized in the table (made visible by clicking "show") above (note: the Higgs mass is at 125 GeV, the Higgs self-coupling strength λ ~ 1⁄8).
This guy is awesome, I pretty much agree with him on everything. He articulated something I've been thinking about dreams, imagination, and the subconscious being part-and-parcel to our particular form of conscious understanding/creativity really well, especially liked his parallel to thermonuclear weapons in that regard (with your damn good question regarding suffering as a catalyst). Also Lex, coming from having randomly seeing you on Joe Rogan to now having watched countless hours of your awesome interviews, I just want to say THANK YOU for your awesomely thoughtful interviews.
I love the way Jim Gates simplifies his responses in this interview for viewers of all backgrounds without compromising the core of the details needed to process his answers fully.
This is a great interview/discussion! Please, don't change a thing. I've been a biochemist from the time I graduated, but before deciding to go off in the direction of biochemistry I loved physics and maths and did an undergraduate degree majoring in them and ever since I have felt a longing for physics. It's my first love. And so I carefully follow what's going on in the world of theoretical physics...and Jim Gates is right up there on my list. Fantastic job Lex!
As a 23yr old ,this was an amazing interview , keep it up Lex , you and your content is absolutely genuine and i appreciate you and everything you do and all the work you put , cant wait for the next
Lex, your podcast is very impactful for those who enjoy it. Thank you for all your efforts, I personality greatly appreciate it and I think you'll see great success for your career because of all your efforts. plus you get to have conversations with all these amazing folks! thank you :)
Lex your videos are some of the most stimulating and thought provoking I have seen, Thank you for putting in the time and effort to help make my understanding and ability to learn grow.
I found the interview both interesting and inspiring. As usual, Lex conducted the interview with his own special combination of empathy, deep curiosity and intelligence. I only wish that when Prof. Gates began down the path of how there were certain serendipitous coincidences within the realm of science that astound him, Lex redirected him toward an earlier question. I would love for Lex to do a future interview to explore his thoughts on this matter. He seemed to intimate at something metaphysical underpinning the workings of science which would be fascinating to explore further.
eric schmidt: "You know Jim, in maybe a decade or so, we are going to have computers that do what you do" Jim Gates: "not unless they can dream" Well said!
@@jeffmoore9487 Me too! I was like wait a minute? The limitation this guy sees to artificial intelligence is not speed, or complexity but the capacity to hallucinate? That's not even next-level cognition! Man - what a great time to be alive!
Honestly one of my favorite conversations on the topic. Gates' snide understanding that the universe doesn't necessarily play by our rules is something I think about regularly.
Excited to learn more about Mr. Gates, a pleasure to listen to him speak. Lex, I would also like to hear some more of your thoughts and or responses to the questions you had for Mr. Gates. I came here to listen to you, Mr. Gates was a nice addition! cheers!
1:26:00 - “We’ve never had an engineer or a scientist as president.” Jimmy Carter was a nuclear reactor engineer in Rickover’s Navy, Thomas Jefferson was a scientist (among other things), & Abraham Lincoln had a patent.
WatchListenLearnDoTeach Regularly - What are you referring to?!? Who are you replying to?!? Did you even look at the time stamp & listen to the statement I referred to?!? You can even see from Lex Fridman’s timeline that his guest was on Barack Obama’s Council of Science Advisors...
WatchListenLearnDoTeach Regularly even if his comment got the quote wrong, the comment itself has some interesting information regardless. maybe tone it down a few
I really enjoyed this conversation with Jim. Here's the outline:
0:00 - Introduction
3:13 - Will we ever venture outside our solar system?
5:16 - When will the first human step foot on Mars?
11:14 - Are we alone in the universe?
13:55 - Most beautiful idea in physics
16:29 - Can the mind be digitized?
21:15 - Does the possibility of superintelligence excite you?
22:25 - Role of dreaming in creativity and mathematical thinking
30:51 - Existential threats
31:46 - Basic particles underlying our universe
41:28 - What is supersymmetry?
52:19 - Adinkra symbols
1:00:24 - String theory
1:07:02 - Proving Einstein right and experimental validation of general relativity
1:19:07 - Richard Feynman
1:22:01 - Barack Obama's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology
1:30:20 - Exciting problems in physics that are just within our reach
1:31:26 - Mortality
1:26:50 - Carter was an engineer.
Very insightful podcast as always. Questions always on point and very thorough even in areas not of your speciality. Thank you from France :)
Lex, people like you and your guest give me something to strain my brain over, thank you!
Lex, This is awesome, please keep this series going:)
You can see the how appreciated those questions are by the Jim Gates. This interviews are class. Thanks so much for elevating the content at such hight.
Bro, Lex. Never worry about "going off on tangents," these are your conversations, talk about whatever YOU want.
The opportunity for us to listen, is itself a privilege.
I'd actually go one step further: serendipity (the "eureka" moments that we didn't expect) seems to be favored by tangents, digressions, going off track. I'm positive some of the most insightful remarks I've heard were just one-off remarks, innocent wanderings of one's mind. And to listen to Lex do this, or his guests, is but a treat.
Good listening soldat are you
Mike Ivsin I try, братан
So well said!!!
Yeah going off on tangents is the whole point
I really like this dude...never seen him before, but this conversation was a true pleasure. He seems humble but also no-bullshit. I would love to see more content with Jim Gates, I'll have to buy his book in the meantime.
You should look him up...He's probably one of the smartest guys alive today. At least that I have the pleasure to know of. Lex is the bomb for having such great guests too! Happy New Year!
Keith Peterson same
Isaac Asimov debate he's on that also from 2016, with Lisa Randall, Max Tegmark and Neil Degrasse Tyson. I recommend it, it was the first time he dropped a bomb shell or so we thought at the time. ruclips.net/video/wgSZA3NPpBs/видео.html
This will blow your mind.
Look for : TVO James Gates Does reality have a genetic basis.
He's appeared in a whole bunch of BBC Horizon and NOVA PBS documentaries. Sadly his IMDB page is very out of date.
You can tell that Jim Gates is really trying to dumb down what he is saying so we can all understand. I appreciate the effort Jim.
Just the moment i pat myself in the back for being an extremely bright
individual capable of following their conversation, you came up with your
comment. Thank you very much. Don't do it again please.
@Forever Holiday i dont think elon wants spacex to go public
If you can not explain a complicated thought or concept or whatever in a dumbed down version that you could get the average person that not narrow minded but curious about this kinda deepnshit and make that person understand a very complex subject then that person doesnt have a deep understanding of the concept themselves and are just repeating text book shit
@@dveillo36 mhmm...
He's not dumbing down, he's BULLSHITTING. The Greeks were theoretical physicists and they declared that heavier objects fall faster then lighter ones.
See THESE guys, they did real world experiments to formulate their REAL answers to reality. ruclips.net/user/results?search_query=thunderbolts+project
Brilliant stuff. I discovered Jim's work through his interviews regarding computer code found in superstructures. I won't pretend to comprehend the bulk of it, but this interview really helped me to glean some understanding of subatomic particles. Mr. Gates approaches his explanations with an aura of humility instead of pomp and pretense. It's unfortunate that his attitude feels so novel, because I think all of us would understand science better if we learned it from someone like this.
Great podcast, I'm very happy for the opportunity to listen to discussions such as these. Cheers.
I believe you are referring to adinkras. They are patterns discovered in artistic tapestries throughout ancient world cultures. When Jim talked about this concept, most trained in the convential physics culture would dismiss it as subjective anidote. As for symmetries in particle physics, give the universe enough time and it will potentially examine every combinatorial possibility, but the underlying result will rely on "some type" of symmetry.
My monkey brain understood 1% of what you said
@@hughjaenus2235 I posted a very similar comment on a chess video the other day. I admitted I was a Chimpanzee when it comes to chess gambits. On the bright side, at least you have a cooler RUclips name than me :)
My favorite interview out of all the others I’ve seen. He’s makes everything very digestible and you can hear the passion for his field when he speaks. Thanks Lex
i just wrote the same thing... i totally agree
I really enjoyed listening to this guy. I love how calmly and clearly he speaks. You can see in him someone who practices clear thinking
Plus the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sector defines the interactions between quarks and gluons, which is a Yang-Mills gauge theory with SU(3) symmetry, generated by T^a. Since leptons do not interact with gluons, they are not affected by this sector. The Dirac Lagrangian of the quarks coupled to the gluon fields is given by an equation containing
where ψi is the Dirac spinor of the quark field, where i = {r, g, b} represents color, γμ are the Dirac matrices, Gaμ is the 8-component SU(3) gauge field, Ta ij are the 3 × 3 Gell-Mann matrices, generators of the SU(3) color group, Gaμν represents the gluon field strength tensor and gs is the strong coupling constant. Note that some should be in subscripts.
The Yukawa interaction terms are an equation where Gu,d are 3 × 3 matrices of Yukawa couplings, with the ij term giving the coupling of the generations i and j. The global Poincaré symmetry is postulated for all relativistic quantum field theories. It consists of the familiar translational symmetry, rotational symmetry and the inertial reference frame invariance central to the theory of special relativity. The local SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) gauge symmetry is an internal symmetry that essentially defines the Standard Model. Roughly, the three factors of the gauge symmetry give rise to the three fundamental interactions. The fields fall into different representations of the various symmetry groups of the Standard Model (see table). Upon writing the most general Lagrangian, one finds that the dynamics depends on 19 parameters, whose numerical values are established by experiment. The parameters are summarized in the table (made visible by clicking "show") above (note: the Higgs mass is at 125 GeV, the Higgs self-coupling strength λ ~ 1⁄8).
This! Reminds me of Morgan Freeman :D:D:D:D:D
@@josephlau13d77 F
@@alexlustneim820 Exactly !
I totally agree and couldn’t put it in a better way so…YES.! Thank you
Jim is a very eloquent speaker, thanks for having him on!
I wanted to see how far down the comment section I could go until I bumped into someone pointing out that one of this lifetime's more accomplished and brilliant minds can make sentences.
@@kpimkpim349 Given the context (RUclips videos that we watch for entertainment) it is nice when someone speaks well 👍
@@kpimkpim349 indeed. Jumped right out at me also.
I loved the part where he said he was surprised practically no one was thinking about supersymmetry.
@chiralhome
i totally agree
i think it's the best interviewee thus far.
very nice to have invested the time to sit and listen
no arrogance. nothing obnoxious
"This turned out better than I thought."
That's because you, Lex, clearly get joy out of listening to and learning from our greatest minds, by giving them a chance to express their joy. Unlike other interviewers that may be trying to create tension or discover some drama to write about, you are innocent, and it makes the subject lower their guard and be themselves. You have a gift for this, it's really enjoyable to watch it unfold. Thank you.
yup
I'm very late to this, but this was the absolute best episode - Jim has an incredibly approachable way of discussing his field and such an incredibly positive attitude.
Also very late & delighted at their interaction. Re: Approachable … A decade ago, I wondered aloud on his UMD Site & he emailed me a simple Lesson on the Multiverse. What a Kind & Gracious Genius; No Wonder Jim & Lex are so Simpatico!
funny thing.. i just wrote the same thing... i totally agree
"So could there be other universes? Well, I don't even know if this universe looks how I think it does." That's such a brilliant answer
Interviews like this are awesome; no interruptions, diving into issues as the guest touches on certain subjects, guided mildly by what the interviewer prepared
The rigor, commitment, hard work, and discipline to get undergrad degrees in both physics and mathematics...unbelievable! This guy is impressive!
His ability to respond to questions so quickly eloquently and clearly is incredible. I don't even think he said "erm" once.. Super calm and composed. Most definitely a genius
Yes! And even when he answers with, "I don't know," he says it before Lex even finishes the question because he has already pondered that question.
Jim is one of my favorite guests on the show. There are so many spectacular guests. but Jim gives off such a good vibe.
Lex always apologizes for his questions but I actually think he asks some of the best questions out of any "interviewer" I've ever watched/listened to. It largely comes from the fact I simply couldn't predict half of them, and yet they instantly intrigue me. For most interviewers/podcasters you can kind of get a feel or sense for what questions will be asked.
Check closer to truth
Ask him why comet 67P has mile high cliff faces. plains, sand dunes, hundreds of kilometers square of rubble.
Some dirty snow ball.
From this, ruclips.net/user/results?search_query=thunderbolts+project
See this, ruclips.net/video/Y8k7AwmKs90/видео.html
It's not only the questions asked, but the voice asking. Listen to Lex's tone and cadence and patience and even gentleness.
He never pushes. His respect for the person across the table is obvious, so the questions are consistently perfect.
Forgot to ask about DMT.
I just watched one where he said he was trying to come up with questions a child would ask, and the woman said that a 7 yr old just asked her the same question a week ago. I never saw him so happy.
A beautiful mind: I really enjoyed this interview with Jim Gates.
A beautiful mind wrapped in a terrible haircut ;)
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Professor Gates is not only brilliant in his research and understanding of physics, but in the way he explains it to non-specialists. This is definitely one of the top 5 informative interviews I've watched on physics. The amount of information imparted per time unit is great and well-expressed.
Lex's interviews always leave me feeling more in love with existence. He's a real artist of the mind.
He’s really good at listening. A rare talent.
Artist, no...
Explorer, yes...
I love the hair, now that's a real professor.
Wow I have met this man in real life...He is a kind and beautiful person as well as a great mind..I would love to see finish the project we talked about....and im happy he found that higher power..thank you so much for this I will follow you and you support!!! Thumbs up...
If it’s real…that’s one of the coolest haircuts I’ve ever seen
Easily one of the most concise speaking scientists in the public discourse.
His ability to dag to the heart of an issue is so effortless it masks the difficulty of the subject matter.
The distinction he made between matter and energy is stubtle but clear.
As a Scientist-Engineer who has posited hypotheses in a range of areas of human investigation...I continue like professor Gates to say more with fewer words.
Well you didn't achieve it with that list post did you? Saying more with less huh? Mr Scientist guy huh?
@@kushlovetenent5478
Shut up.
God enuf 4 u?
@@huyked I’ll put god in your arse.
@@kushlovetenent5478
I don't want God in my arse. You can keep s/he ALL for yourself.
@@huyked no, no. It’s going in.
I am senior in highschool who participates in First Robtoics and can confirm it is the best way for young people to gain real engineering experience
lets go liger bots
Prof Gates expresses all these abstract theories so beautifully & simply & even tho I don't have the intellect or schooling to comprehend the deeper detail, for myself he makes visualizing the superficial structural framework far less challenging, from which I conclude his inspiration & enthusiasm for his subject matter readily rubs off onto others.
Why do you think you don't have the intellect? Have you ever put forward an honest effort to understand these subjects?
@@Karsteski I am on life's downhill run - as an observer rather than a doer
i totally agree
i think he's the best interviewee thus far.
very nice to have invested the time to sit and listen
no arrogance. nothing obnoxious
This man is more Morgan Freeman then Morgan Freeman
Underrated comment 😂
@Phumgwate Nagala than, obviously
😂
😂😂
If Supersymmetry is the correct assertion then Morgan Freeman most likely assumes he's the lower effective energy state of Jim Gates, at least cosmologically.
I enjoyed this conversation VASTLY more than any conversation of its type in the last 5 years or so. Jim is amazingly brilliant and unlike a lot of the popular quantum physicists-turned-authors, he is not just rattling off memorized passages from his books, trying to excite the masses. He is actually conversational, and i ended up hanging on his every word. Meant to fall asleep to this last night but ended up listening to the entire thing from midnight to 1:30. “i’m a theoretical physicist, so every day feels like xmas.i have a lot of joy in my life.” Oh, Jim... i loved hearing that and i wish everyone could share that experience. ❤️
You loved hearing "i work with theories that can never be proven even though most people don't comprehend what I'm saying"? Oh cool
Lego hair is the key
@@skyjuiceification Fuck off. That was funny.
Such a genius comment lmao
@@skyjuiceification No one took that as a value-added comment, brother. All that notwithstanding, Gates is fooling no one with that rag.
Top Notch comment. That hair game is ridiculous....... hahahah !!!
good one.. its ok to make jokes.
Dr. Gates has helped me better understand some key concepts in physics. He's a good person and cares for the future of humanity. I thank him for doing this interview.
Lex, I know this is not your "day job" but I appreciate the time and effort you put into these videos. I like that you allow guests to speak at length in detail on these complex topics. You ask difficult questions and understand difficult answers. Good luck with all your work.
Stephen A. Sheehan I second this statement!
Me too. He is a great explainer.
Really good questions answered really well, all worded right so even a non-science person like me feels like they get it.
Amen, brother.
That has to be the least intrusive and least painful advertising I've ever experienced and I even listened to it.
Lex's delivery is so consistent he could pitch me an ad for skunk flavored chips or self-aware weaponized lasers and I'd be like 'oh, I'll have to check that out later'
What advertising
Gates’ voice is mesmerizing 🤤
I didn't "get" calculus throught college. It was very depressing for me. After passing out of college I still used to go back to calculus and try to understand it several times. Finally after 4 or 5 years after college, one day it struck me. It was a lightbulb moment. I finally understood calculus. It was a great moment in my life of great joy. The beauty of calculus. It is a mathematical tool to make sense of the universe. In college textbooks when calculus was used I used to wonder "why?", but when I finally understood calculus, I revisited those text books and all those "why"s became "ofcourse" and "why not"s.......
I could relate to Jim about how the mind struggles to solve a problem. Sometimes the solution comes after a good night's sleep.............
Nice. Calculus is the language of God
"Could there be other universes? I don't even know if this one looks like i think it does."
That's a great quote.
Exactly - thats first-principles as a way of navigating the world. The thing thats insane is how much of what the average Joe considers 'established' remains subject to revision for a scientist of his calibre!
I'm glad I'm not the only one who caught that. So much depth and brilliance in 1 sentence!
This gets me excited to revisit old subjects from the physics curriculum and read some more science history. Way to keep the wonder alive!
Wow I have met this man in real life...He is a kind and beautiful person as well as a great mind..I would love to see finish the project we talked about....and im happy he found that higher power..thank you so much for this I will follow you and you support!!! Thumbs up...
What an incredible conversation. I had the pleasure of attending one of his lectures at my university. Absolutely fascinating and well spoken physicist.
i totally agree
i think it's the best interviewee thus far.
very nice to have invested the time to sit and listen
no arrogance. nothing obnoxious
So wonderful. What an amazing person Mr. Gates is and the interview itself was fascinating. Thank you so very much.
My favorite theoretical physicist. What a great Christmas present.
At first I read theatrical physicist.
I could listen to this gentleman for hours.
Excellent content thank you Lex.
I agree. I love his #style
I measured my head after watching this and it has expanded ever so slightly...
Lex a
I loved hearing Prof. Gates talk, it was a pleasure. One note -- I haven't heard of "flare-rockets". It has been difficult to find anything about them. If this term was referring to Aerospike engines, however (99% chance this IS what he meant) this is an interesting idea. There have been a few companies to date that have still been trying to implement these mechanisms in their launches through 2017-2019. The idea is definitely provocative, but due to SpaceX's general success since I don't know how well this idea will age.
However, Jim Gates is so incredibly brilliant it is an absolute honor to hear him talk. He has had so much time to contemplate the existence of mathematics and its implications on our fundamental reality. As a young person getting involved in Mathematics and academia, thank you for being an accessible role model here on youtube.
These conversations are a genuine joy to me, I see you Lex, you have a friend in me!
I like the way you ask questions. Gets direct and right to the point. Produces amazing answers from your guests
I loved this interview with Jim Gates. Thanks, Lex, for interviewing him. I think he and Feynman are now both my favorite physicists.
Keep this going, man! Only found your youtube recently (last week) and have already watched nearly 10hrs of interviews. Such a rich trove of knowledge and inspiration.
Lex Fridman, this is now my favorite pod cast. I really like your style. You ask great questions of really intelligent people that I have never heard of. Keep up the good work!
I love that his second way of problem-solving is basically to sleep on it 😂 this man is a national treasure
Beautiful ending to a beautiful conversation between two brilliant minds. Thank you Lex!
two brilliant minds?
I would love it if Lex would get Chris Langan on the Podcast and talk about his Theory of Everything.
Please like so Lex can see it!
Immanuel is okej to masterbait? immanuel will i be punished by my morals if i am late for a meeting?
Immanuel can i call somebody a kant?
Just downloaded cash app through the link.. for you bro. Love the podcast.
Supersymmetry (and string theory) are hotly debated in physics. Its illuminating to hear someone actually working on these ideas talk about it. Thanks as always lex. Merry Christmas
I really enjoy your conversations. I have gained so much knowledge. And a little warm fuzzy in my cold heart when I needs it. Just learning makes me smile.
Great interview on so many levels. After a layman listen’s to 100’s of scientific and mathematical focused lectures, it’s great when a conversation helps you tie up loose ends.
There is so much repetition when you listen a variety of people discuss the same topics, Jim adds a more to each of those areas in a way that’s accessible to the average student of science and math.
First time heard someone speaks a rational talk about going to Mars!
LOL i enjoy your humor
Maybe we heard two different conversations but all I heard was "its too difficult and dangerous and so lets wait 100 years till our technology can do it" I do not think that is a good strategy. If that's how NASA looked at landing an astronaut on the moon, we wouldn't have done that either. Gotta dream big, despite if it works out or not. Even failure is a learning experience.
@@williamcleland2369
Well, guess what? there are obstacles and difficulties that are very difficult if not impossible to mitigate and come over.
One thing for example Mars atmosphere! how on Earth this will be fixed?
Other things like the travel time and the window available for travel! it is very long at the current speeds and considered unpractical for humans on Mars to wait for a help coming from Earth if something goes wrong!
Also, the fuel required for a full trip carrying a huge ship full of supplies and construction materials and tools and not to forgot a proper place for humans to live for months this ship will have a huge mass and will require a lot of fuel for traveling in a considerable speed!
Traveling to Mars will require more than just time!
Dr. Hugh Ross goes deeper
Thank You for hosting, creating and manifesting this excellent interview series; your style, manner and excellent research and presentation with your guests keeps me coming back for more. The subject matter is timely, relevant and thought provoking. Brilliant work.
This was a great episode. Jim has so much wisdom and a really soothing presence.
i totally agree
i think he's the best interviewee thus far.
very nice to have invested the time to sit and listen
no arrogance. nothing obnoxious
Please make more videos with Theoretical Physicists.
This in my top three of all interviews you've done, I really enjoyed this. Very fascinating and informative. Prof. Gates just has a way of putting everything scientific in a historical and philosophical perspective. And your questions were great Lex!
Been in deep admiration of Jim since he discovered the adinkra codes
*Invented excuse me 😆
My god, this was so powerful. Thank you for doing the interview.
Plz interview brian greene once.
What a great conversation from a great mind. If he and his sisters and brothers are provided with a platform for their celebration of reason and critical thinking our worlds would be in much better shape.
Lex, I am attorney, policy advocate and elected official in Illinois. Your message over the last year has been so powerful that I am now looking at different doctorate programs in theoretical physics. You are a true inspiration, sir. Keep up the great work. I would love to collaborate with you in the future.
Best of luck!
Fun fact: Your brain is extremely active while you sleep and non-rote learning (especially abstract learning) happens at the subconscious level. Excellent conversation. It was a pleasure listening to this. Thank you.
That fact was so chaoticly fun that now I need an unfun fact to balance me out!
Well that's because while sleeping you're bored and have nothing else to do other than sleep. So your brain starts simulating various situations and outcomes or past memories, atleast from my experience. And it's not just sleeping, it's being in a boring state like sitting in a bus and waiting to arrive at your destination.
Jim Gates is a legend....how come I never heard of him..
Because you probably don't have access to the Discovery and History Channels.
@@weilunkang Highly likely....
@@weilunkang 😃😃😃
@@weilunkang he was also on pbs's and Brian Greene's Elegant Universe series.
Yes, regardless, I think all "physical" evidence will soon point to the fact that we're all Sims existing inside a digital virtual reality.
Lex I love your podcast. Sometimes when people answer your questions you go straight to a different question without asking any follow up question. I get you have a constricted time to do this but maybe consider asking questions about what they had just said. I would watch this and many other podcasts even if they were 5+ hours.
Very noble of you saying to watch the ad and your asking in gentleman manner. As I am a gentleman. I will but normally I skip ads lighting quick as if it were contagious,but your guest and your questions just blows my mind on a constant basis. 👍
Hey Lex, really love your show man! Enjoy the straight to the point interviewing, thoughtful questions, and the guests you have are very impressive. Keep it up my friend!
I've actually listened to this twice within 48 hours and will listen again shortly. Loving this channel
Lex, your first statements were a breath of fresh air in an environment that typically chokes out any thoughts of being a generalist in favor of specialization. I believe it is impossible to be a real specialist without laying a good generalist foundation first.
This is an incredibly interesting and insightful conversation, I really loved it!!
These interviews are historical documents from many people we
normally don’t get to see in this type of setting.
It’s great that Lex asks questions about things that normally wouldn’t come up in a lecture or forum, which gives a more personal perspective of the person. Between Lex, Rogan, Tom Bilyeu and a few others, I’ve been introduced to many amazing people.
Dr Gates was my Physics 101 professor at University of Maryland in probably Fall '97. He was a great professor, probably one of the best I had there. And you can see why. He's passionate, energetic, and engaging. He's also a very nice man. He tells a story about his early difficulty with Integral Calculus and when I was having my own difficulties, he was very understanding. It is not a common trait in Professors.
What a fantastic, moving interview. I had this on while working... and the true test of greatness is when I have to pause what I'm doing to just listen. There were several of these, and while Mr. Gates was no doubt talking Kindergarten so us small minds could grasp, his patience and humanity shines. Thanks Lex!!!!
Must be the ego who wastes time with bouts of humorous touts of self deprecation to elude to real appreciation.
Loved it! BIG thanks for sharing this interview!
Plus the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sector defines the interactions between quarks and gluons, which is a Yang-Mills gauge theory with SU(3) symmetry, generated by T^a. Since leptons do not interact with gluons, they are not affected by this sector. The Dirac Lagrangian of the quarks coupled to the gluon fields is given by an equation containing
where ψi is the Dirac spinor of the quark field, where i = {r, g, b} represents color, γμ are the Dirac matrices, Gaμ is the 8-component SU(3) gauge field, Ta ij are the 3 × 3 Gell-Mann matrices, generators of the SU(3) color group, Gaμν represents the gluon field strength tensor and gs is the strong coupling constant. Note that some should be in subscripts.
The Yukawa interaction terms are an equation where Gu,d are 3 × 3 matrices of Yukawa couplings, with the ij term giving the coupling of the generations i and j. The global Poincaré symmetry is postulated for all relativistic quantum field theories. It consists of the familiar translational symmetry, rotational symmetry and the inertial reference frame invariance central to the theory of special relativity. The local SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) gauge symmetry is an internal symmetry that essentially defines the Standard Model. Roughly, the three factors of the gauge symmetry give rise to the three fundamental interactions. The fields fall into different representations of the various symmetry groups of the Standard Model (see table). Upon writing the most general Lagrangian, one finds that the dynamics depends on 19 parameters, whose numerical values are established by experiment. The parameters are summarized in the table (made visible by clicking "show") above (note: the Higgs mass is at 125 GeV, the Higgs self-coupling strength λ ~ 1⁄8).
@@josephlau13d77 uh... thanks?
This guy is awesome, I pretty much agree with him on everything. He articulated something I've been thinking about dreams, imagination, and the subconscious being part-and-parcel to our particular form of conscious understanding/creativity really well, especially liked his parallel to thermonuclear weapons in that regard (with your damn good question regarding suffering as a catalyst).
Also Lex, coming from having randomly seeing you on Joe Rogan to now having watched countless hours of your awesome interviews, I just want to say THANK YOU for your awesomely thoughtful interviews.
I love the way Jim Gates simplifies his responses in this interview for viewers of all backgrounds without compromising the core of the details needed to process his answers fully.
Once again, an absolutely wonderful and 200% engaging interview, Lex!
This is a great interview/discussion! Please, don't change a thing.
I've been a biochemist from the time I graduated, but before deciding to go off in the direction of biochemistry I loved physics and maths and did an undergraduate degree majoring in them and ever since I have felt a longing for physics. It's my first love. And so I carefully follow what's going on in the world of theoretical physics...and Jim Gates is right up there on my list. Fantastic job Lex!
Incredible! One of the most impressive interviews I have seen in my life.
He has spent so much time with his head in the clouds, he decided to bring one back.
you win best comment
As a 23yr old ,this was an amazing interview , keep it up Lex , you and your content is absolutely genuine and i appreciate you and everything you do and all the work you put , cant wait for the next
Lex, your podcast is very impactful for those who enjoy it. Thank you for all your efforts, I personality greatly appreciate it and I think you'll see great success for your career because of all your efforts. plus you get to have conversations with all these amazing folks! thank you :)
Lex your videos are some of the most stimulating and thought provoking I have seen, Thank you for putting in the time and effort to help make my understanding and ability to learn grow.
Thanks so much for this great conversation. It’s inspiring me to work on learning more simple math again to support my computer science studies!
Dude, great interview, fantastic guest. Thanks for the work you put in.
Dude, even you could do that, two chairs, a table and a microphone, and here you are in his place.
@@megashermes5247 You are correct in that :)
I found the interview both interesting and inspiring. As usual, Lex conducted the interview with his own special combination of empathy, deep curiosity and intelligence. I only wish that when Prof. Gates began down the path of how there were certain serendipitous coincidences within the realm of science that astound him, Lex redirected him toward an earlier question. I would love for Lex to do a future interview to explore his thoughts on this matter. He seemed to intimate at something metaphysical underpinning the workings of science which would be fascinating to explore further.
Lex is the best interviewer of our time.
Lex, you deserve all the praise and an Award🏆😎
eric schmidt: "You know Jim, in maybe a decade or so, we are going to have computers that do what you do"
Jim Gates: "not unless they can dream"
Well said!
Two things he said brought my little train to a halt and I stopped the vid to internally review what he'd said. That was one of them.
@@jeffmoore9487 Me too! I was like wait a minute? The limitation this guy sees to artificial intelligence is not speed, or complexity but the capacity to hallucinate? That's not even next-level cognition! Man - what a great time to be alive!
Great insights. Thank you Lex for bringing these valuable conversations. I recently discovered your channel, its like reading a new book everyday.
Listening to this conversation genuinely makes me happy
I’ve listened to this a few times now lol... best podcast around!
The best interview on the channel so far. Good job!
One of the most interesting conversations yet.
i think this was one of the worst .... overrated teacher no practicallity
@sbmphr sheep
@@peteriddqd nope, the answers were concise and the understanding of physics has increased
Honestly one of my favorite conversations on the topic. Gates' snide understanding that the universe doesn't necessarily play by our rules is something I think about regularly.
i love lex fridman voice and delivery and intelligent questions. this guy needs to be on tv or narrator in movies or audio books
You sir are the best thing happened to me this year
What an intelligent man, such a pleasure to hear him think!!!
A fascinating man with a wonderfully realistic outlook.
Excited to learn more about Mr. Gates, a pleasure to listen to him speak. Lex, I would also like to hear some more of your thoughts and or responses to the questions you had for Mr. Gates. I came here to listen to you, Mr. Gates was a nice addition! cheers!
I listen to this to relax cuz Gates's voice is so soothing
I was mesmerized by how this man spoke. It's almost like he was instantly credible off of that alone.
Closing comment- “This worked out better than I thought” I would take that as a compliment 👍
1:26:00 - “We’ve never had an engineer or a scientist as president.” Jimmy Carter was a nuclear reactor engineer in Rickover’s Navy, Thomas Jefferson was a scientist (among other things), & Abraham Lincoln had a patent.
Are you high or are you a liar? He said he was never asked to be an advisor to a president of the United States. WTF is wrong with you?
WatchListenLearnDoTeach Regularly - What are you referring to?!? Who are you replying to?!? Did you even look at the time stamp & listen to the statement I referred to?!? You can even see from Lex Fridman’s timeline that his guest was on Barack Obama’s Council of Science Advisors...
You can add Herbert Hoover was a geologist and mining engineer (Australia).
What are you saying?
WatchListenLearnDoTeach Regularly even if his comment got the quote wrong, the comment itself has some interesting information regardless. maybe tone it down a few