Your skeleton has a race and that's okay
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- Опубликовано: 8 сен 2024
- #ancestry #findingyourroots #ancestrydna #dnatest #americanhistory #forensics #genealogy
'Do skeletons have a race?' From the historical context of Blumenbach's taxonomy of the five human races, we will shed light on the complexities of determining race through cranial categories.
Sources:
Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich. Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History]. Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich, 1779
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@NYTN, ⤵️
Caucasian : dead, dying, deteriorating Asian; Carcass + Asian = Caucasian; Caucas Mountains, located right behind Turkey🇹🇷
Turkey, being a major border Country, between EUROPE & ASIA.
Caucasian : the Caucasus Mountain Region, in particular, 3 main Countries :
1. Armenia🇦🇲
2. Azerbaijan🇦🇿
3. Georgia🇬🇪
Oh no! I have Turkish ancestry too 😂
The history of understanding motives and agenda of mercantile interests that influence authoritarian governmental politics and science organizations, explains the construct of race, which is related to the delusion of so-called "whiteness," as erronesly and arbitrarily applied inconsistently.
It is similar to the same reason that the tomato is considered a vegetable in usa instead of a fruit as defined by botanical science.
The import duty on fruits we lower than on vegetables.
In the 1800's the courts decided to declare the tomato a vegetable a vegetable despite its scientific designation as a fruit.
I think we have to take things like this with a grain, if not a whole container of salt. For example, the African category. There are so many different facial structures on the continent, it doesn't make sense to choose one as representative of the whole, same with Asians. Then you throw admixture into the equation. How can you tell just from a skull who a person belonged to? For example, if we dig up Leena Horne's skull they would classify her as "caucasian", but that designation totally contradicts her lived experience. It was interesting though to realize that Blumenbach wasn't the racist I always thought he was. Just goes to show how people can take your information and then totally take it out of context to fit their agendas.
@@TRUTHTEACHER2007 I went into this thinking he was a raging racist and I was proven wrong!
Yes. This is what i learned in Anthropology. Except the classification were Negroid(Sub-saharan), Mongoloid(East Asian, Amerindian, Pacific Islander), Caucasoid( West Asian, N. African, Europe) and Australoid. And before D.N.A. the study of skull shape was very effective at identify race from human remains.
Before the DNA many disciplines, anthropology especially, had extremely loose evidentiary requirements. It was fairly common for phrenology to be used to "determine" the race of skeletons whose racial characteristics were assumed or otherwise known.
So sure if you're not actually using it to determine race skull measurements are great at determining race
Goes to show . We are not the same . Race is NOT a social construct
@@blackshatemyplaylist8643 there is minute differences between the three racial groups. However, we are all homosapiens and one human race. That's why we can easily procreate and have viable offspring regardless of ethnic or racial groupings.
Native Americans have the blue birth mark like asians
I been to European countries and South America, African Americans and I notice a big difference in women bones, Deep South American women have square or box shaped hip regions, it is definitely “yes” geographically people are different, South American breath better oxygen, in Tobasco, Mexico the pulse rate is slower than anywhere on earth with no explanation
To look at me I'm about as white as it gets, but my great, great, great, great grandma was black and a slave. My great, great, great grandfather was an Irish slave in New York. My family heritage can be dated to 1690 in this country. I'm so thankful for you and your work! I'm sick and tired of the"race" thing. Thank you again.
Thank you for this comment, Americans have a much more interconnected heritage than we are led to believe.
According to a DNA test my father took, one of my great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandparents was from the Wolof people of West Africa in the late 17th century - the same people Kunta Kinte belonged to in the novel and TV miniseries "Roots." I also have either Delaware or Cherokee ancestry going back even further. But the overwhelming majority of my DNA is from Europe: Franco-Italian, Irish, Scots-Irish, Sicilian, German-Swiss, English, Scottish, Norwegian, and many more. I am an example of the human species who could exist only in the United States of America.
So which one is Turkish, Arabian, Iranian, Afghan, Pakistani, Indian?
lol good one bro. Those old racists could not place us nearly so they ignored us. We have almond eyes and Roman noses ..so where do we belong.
Lmaoo
They're Caucasian.
Im not an expert, but I think they would all come under the category of Caucasian. Caucasian in an anthropological sense, doesnt just mean white European. It in compasses west Asian, north African and the Indian peninsular, in a general sense of skeletal definition. Of course there might some ethnic minorities, for example in Afghanistan, that cross over more into the Asian category.
@@TheEggmaniac yep and in Caucasian race, there are sub races. Same for Mongoloid and Negroid
We are so diverse as a human race I have always been interested in anthropology it’s so interesting the forearms are something I notice on those of Subsaharan ancestry the forearms are much larger
Very fascinating Danielle.
Wherever the research leads us.
Great job!!!!
I like your style of speaking and teaching.....subtle but powerful.
Have a great weekend.
I agree 100% there's a place for anthropology and studies of human skull variances. But you said it best; it's the hierarchical structures designed by the few that is the issue. Where differences are used to classify intelligence, desirable features, etc. Great video!
That hierarchical structure was first stated or implied by that racist bastard Charles Darwin. I hazard a guess he plagiarized that notion, and partially interpreted the cranial and jaw structure principal according to some WASP idea.
the skull is directly tied to intelligence and desirable features, duh
Anthropologists do not study anatomy.
Being someone interested in anthropology, archaeology, & also being a dental assistant who sees many variations of teeth & bone/facial structure daily, I have always found this subject fascinating! You are so right about it being ok to group, but NOT ok to assign a hierarchy to those groups, for they are ALL beautiful & unique. That's the beauty of mankind ~ VARIETY! Years ago, a few dental models got mixed up in the back laboratory at work. I was able to determine who's model was who's, simply by looking at the size of the dental arch, teeth size, & teeth shape. Asian shovel-shaped incisors saved the day, lol. Native Americans also have uniquely shaped incisors, & other variations that interest me, because I have them too. It's so cool to me...😄🤩😍💀👀
I literally got told by a dentist ten years ago that I had what he called “shovel teeth”. I don’t think he meant it as a slur but I was a little freaked out until I could look it up. 😅😅🦷😬
@nytn I was recently told about shovel teeth and mandibular tori from my dentist as well lol
@@nytn Yes!! Lol, it does sound funny, lol. There are so many cool variations in teeth! Mine are a modified, more spoon-shaped shovel.
That is so interesting!
I have bruxism I think it shapes your face also
Thank you for touching on the skull structure. ❤
These classifications have proven helpful during the identification of skeletal remains and I have always found that to be amazing. 💡
I am sure that someone who studied skeletal remains would know.
I have seen them guess how someone looks, using the skeletal remains.
I am sure if you look a certain way, someone would make a guess on your so called race.
They would also guess because of where they found the remains.
You are still not alive. I don’t think that it matters.
Interesting video.
I had wondered about this sort of thing, if there actually are typical, measurable skeletal differences between different groups of humans, and how broad the groupings are (i.e., traits varying by continent of origin, “race”, ethnicity, clan, etc.). I agree that such groupings are useful, and that applying any sort of hierarchy by grouping is wrong, and it is quite frankly nonsensical. From a scientific standpoint, diversity strengthens a species. We should be thrilled there are so many different people and traits, because that is what gives humanity its robustness as a species. Plus it’s really interesting to learn about what makes us all different, yet still all the same.
ironically a lot of Ethiopia groups would be classified as Caucasian based on cranial shape.
In this context, Ethiopia was used as it was originally coined by ancient Greeks, meaning burned faces (black) that lived south of Egypt and didn't refer to modern Ethiopians.
Ethiopians and Afroasiatic East Africans do indeed share more proximity with "Caucasians" in terms of cranial measurements, and the classifiers were pretty aware of it and sometimes classified them as Caucasians based on measurements but also on the belief they descend from ancient middle Easterners. Which ended up partially confirmed, Ethiopian being ~50% West Eurasian. Plus their African ancestry was miniy inhabiting dry areas of the Eastern Sahara, which probably explains the narrawer nasal cavity.
Not really ironic, considering much of East Africa has Middle Eastern admixture.
Ironic with the common use of caucasian in america where it means white/european, caucasoid would be white and brown people and maybe ethiopians/cushites in common terms.@@darrellm9915
Thank you for sharing your research. Blumenbach was actually part of the movement of physiognomy which was direct inspiration for Nazis. I agree the classification is morally neutral, but the classifications for race we use today are still based on these classifications created by Blumenbach and he created them to further scientific racism. Abby Cox here on RUclips, recently posted a video focused on the TikTok trend of "face reading" but it goes more into the connections between Blumenbach's work and racism and Nazism. It's adjacent to the research you're doing and I think would provide interesting context without making you look at more gross skulls.
Abby Cox’s video is really important! She uses solid sources and demonstrates pretty powerfully that physiognomy was part of the movement to provide white supremacy with “scientific validity”. While modern forensic scientists use some techniques that may seem similar, they rely much more on DNA and actual empirical evidence.
This is the beauty of diversity, everyone are unique.
Very interesting about the skull differences of the past. And I agree with you when you say that 2 groups are not enough to define human beings. Possibly skulls in the near future will no longer be classified into one of those 3 groups mentioned, as our genealogy becomes more mixed. Interesting subject, keep up the good work.
Which is a sad fact; destroying tens of thousands of years of heritage .
This video makes me think of the stupid forced classifications I had to suffer in grade school. There were only three races to be considered. All peoples somehow had to be fitted into one of three races come hell or high water. When skin tone didn't work; it was eye color next. Then facial features, particularly the nose and mouth. These academics never got around to the forehead, or eye sockets, eyebrow ridges, cheekbones, upper jaw or lower jaw. Then as a last resort it was not hair coloring; but hair texture that was the deciding factor. So people from the middle east were considered a quote en quote "dark branch" of the Caucasian race. Same goes for people from the Indian subcontinent. Australian aborigines were considered "white". Native Americans were considered Mongoloid or Asian. South Pacific islanders were in limbo. You couldn't get a teacher or scientist to commit to definitive answer. To make matters worse; there is such diversity between Polynesians, Micronesia, Macronesia, and Melanesia. And people of the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia all seem to have more in common with the people of Southeast Asia and the Mongoloids. Then the Moguls of India are Indo Iranian with Mongols mixing with Persians and then returning to India. Many areas in Central Asia have such a complex admixture they fall under the "what the hell are you?" category. Native Americans are supposed to be the oldest modern race that there is which is about 20,000 years. I have heard that they are believed to be the ancestors of most if not all Europeans. The Native Americans stayed the same. But some of them started to diverge and become white men and others turned into far east Asians. Looking at the diverse features; it is hard to say. Not sure when the Mongoloid race emerged or the Negroid race; but the Caucasian race is supposed to be the youngest. There are some parallels between Native Americans, Northern far East Asians and the Ainu of Japan which believe or not are considered Caucasian even though they look like Australian Aborigines and were very negroid in appearance. Then there is a far east Asian admixture to the Saami people of Norway, Sweden too. Even more pronounced in Finland. Then there is the intermingling of the Scandinavian with the Saami and the Scandinavians with the insular Celtic peoples as apposed to continental Celts. Head spinning by now? Mine is. Don't forget the Kalahari bushmen, the Nilolote, and other odd ball groups. Not all Africans are Bantu. Then Europe has the Basques with their high percentage of Rh negative blood.
Albinism happens in every Culture, Family, Familje, Familj, Familie, Famille, Familija, Familia, Famiglia, History, Historie, Histoire, Istorie, Istorija, Historia, Storia. Relation, Relatie, Relazione, Relacioni. Revolution, Revolucion, Revolutio, Revolutie, Rivoluzione, Revolucija. Liberate, Libertate. Libertar, Liberare, Liberar, Elibera. Albinism happens in every Culture.
There is anthropological race, climate adaptive race, social race, and genetic race they mostly overlap. But not always. There are also other skeletal differences between the groups. Humans are ecosystem adaptive and we do so in a relatively short period of time compared to other mammals. This ability to quickly physically adapt has been the key to our success as a species.
Interesting conclusion
@@slowpoke96Z28 It's not really my conclusion. When humans arrived in North Africa, Europe, the middle east, and Asia they were physically what we would today call black Africans. Within an adaptively extremely short period of time, each group had physically adjusted to their new ecosystems through dramatic physical transformations. This ability to transform so radically in a relatively short time period is at the core of the species' success. Most species that have walked the earth ended in mass die-offs due to minor climatic adjustments in their ecosystems, humans however physically adapt to radical climatic changes and are unusually mobile. The ability to move and quickly adapt to new environments has been an evolutionary advantage. Modern human racism seems to have missed and obscured this obvious point. Racism is in actuality advocating for humans to court an evolutionary dead end.
What is the social race ? Never heard about it
Like some europeans being considered non-white in some eras but white in others. Honorary whites and stuff. It's mostly a mid way between a physical/historical race and a cast system@@user-qv8ok2wt7c
This topic can be confusing, so I want to be clear. The consensus among most anthropologists is that "race" is NOT a scientific category, but a social construct. The reason why anthropologists are able to assign "race" to a skeleton is because the skeleton exhibits physical features which WE, in our modern society, would characterize as belonging to a certain race. In other words, whenever anthropologists say a skeleton is of a certain race, they are using socially constructed criteria while simultaneously agreeing that the concept of race is scientifically meaningless.
a concept developed from Franz Boas and Ruth Benedict
Once you understand their motivations you will laugh
Not totally a social construct. David Reich is a respected geneticist you could read on this issue in his book "who we are and how we got here".
Althought it should be based on ancestry not phenotype, the genetic differences are not trivial. It doesn't imply hierarchies if that's what you are scared of
Ce again a most impressive presentation.
Ironically Anthropology’s a great refutation of race, the Caucasoid skull especially encompassing Europe, North Africa, Middle East, and India, groups who wouldn’t otherwise be “racially” aligned. Traits are just shared features through sex that aren’t even continental given the deviation of South Europeans, North Africans, and South Asians(India).
that's exactly right. According to this classification, people from India are Caucasoid, but according to many court cases here in the US, they could not be White. It's a head scratcher...
Sadly it makes perfect sense, divide and conquer based on inconsistent superficialities.
I always say this, but I’m loving these topics and channel!
It always makes my day! Thanks
@@nytn Hey Danielle. I was watching a video earlier called "White people don't exist?" by Metatron. Thought it might be of interest to you.
@@darrellm9915 Yes!
What about Indian and middle eastern skull classification? Did we not exist 200 years ago.
Considered Caucasian!
Being sensitive about the topic just destroys our opportunity to disseminate it
Phenotype -The physical/observed traits determined or "expressed" by a given genotype
It's strange that we are told (rather sternly) to say black and white but to never say yellow or red.
I’m curious if you could do a video on Cubans/Cuban Americans.
I noticed how they were integrated with the white culture back in the 1940s…
Example:
Cubans were able to serve in the white US Army…..unlike blacks who had to be put in their own separate Army.
Typically, the Cubans who were able to make it over to the USA looked much like Italians. Think of Ricky from “I Love Lucy” ❤
🇨🇺
I am planning on it!! It's really a fascinating story.
@@nytn awesome! Love it!
Not the Mulatto and Black aka Indigenous Cubans who a majority of Cubans descend from pale Cubans were passing as pinks
@@babyboy562indigenous cubans aren’t black they’re amerindian
In the short time that I've viewed your video's, I find the content both informative and entertaining. Very thought provoking.
It amazes me that someone would accuse you of being a “Marxist” and a “Communist” for stating that we are more than a poorly understood, outdated concept. Science is constantly evolving. What Blumenbach and his contemporaries understood as “the truth” for their time was a conjecture of what could be: they didn’t have the complete picture, and neither do we. Some of their conjectures have yet to be disproven and others were disproven.
Science still works this way. Our knowledge has advanced considerably because of past inquiries; however, we are not required to dogmatically hold to a hypothesis that has been disproven.
The people who accused you of being a “commie” and a “Marxist” remind me of that picture from the 1950s with the guy holding the sign that says “Race mixing is communism.” It’s not an actual argument; it’s just pure vitriolic emotion based in someone needing to believe that “they” are not “them.” The actual story of humanity is far more beautiful than this “race hierarchy” fan-fiction. Also, if race mixing is communism, then Southern plantation owners and slavers were apparently some of the biggest commies around. I’m looking at you, Thomas Jefferson.
it is strange to me because although I dont align anywhere politically... I tend to be more conservative in a lot of areas. Definitely not a Marxist. I think that goes along the saying "Everyone I dont like is LITERALLY HITLER". 😬
Race mixing can be use for nationalism too. Check Paraguay thrt had a dictator that made ilegal marriage within your own race, all couples had to be mixed. Narratives on any side of the political spectrum, conservatives in latin america don't care about mixing some dictators even use mixing as a tool to oppress minority groups. If the majority is mixed they become the majority. Horseshoe theory in action, that being said I understand that this channel see the social issues through the lens of the English speaking world.
There was an interesting video on the channel Leather Apron Club looking at the evidence for who fathered Sally Hemmings children and it concluded that it was mostly likely actually Thomas Jefferson’s younger brother Randall for one of them.
There are always exceptions, but generally East Asian skulls are wide, flat with strong cheek bones, strong lower jaws and week chins. Africans skulls have a a wide nasal cavity, slightly sloping foreheads, strong protruding upper jaws and very week chins. Northern European skulls - narrow, week or small upper and lower jaws and strong, square chins. Native American skulls are wide with strong chins and cheek bones.
I think that when trying to assign skulls to racial groups it might be necessary to look at the teeth very closely. Also the boundaries of "race" are fuzzy.
Also "race" could to some extent be a social group with a common social heritage that one identifies themself as belonging to as distinct from a biological group sharing certain ancient ancestors.
No they are not fuzzy, the Negroid skull is DOUBLE the thickness of the Caucasian skull.
The races are different. Human beings are not the same across-the-board. IQ also exists.
How many races?
You can ditch the connoted term "race" and use neutral terms like populations, grouping, clusters.
There is definitely something real about some the early observations of early classifications : it described the main poles of variation of modern/Holocene humans, which are modern East Asians, modern West Eurasians (Europe, North Africa, Middle East), Holocene tropical/Sub-Saharan Africans and Australasians (chiefly Aboriginals). These poles are fairly clear cut because of partial isolation for thousands of years due to natural barriers (deserts, seas/oceans/mountain plateaux, biogeographic regions) which led to distinct evolutionary adaptations. The details though were too simplistic, as it believed there was zero geneflow between "races" after separation, which we now know isn't true as well as under playing the variation of some populations, especially of Sub-Saharans.
Just like African is not a race, it is a continent. The people's within Africa can be of mixed populations and different ethnicities. Regardless of being from North or South Africa.
Those are called races buddy. Population and race are the same thing.
Race is fine as long as it's clearly defined in context.
This isn't 100% related but have you watched any of the TED talks by Nina jablonski? The conversation behind actual scientific research and physical structure makes me think of her research behind skin color and where on the globe you evolved from... I haven't actually watched her talk in several years But I do remember being incredibly impressed from a scientific perspective and based on your interests I think you might find it pretty enlightening or at the very least entertaining.
No but that sounds fascinating! I will have to look Nina up
Sounds so interesting. I'll have to check that out. Thanks for sharing.
From what little I know about cranial morphology, I would say that - speaking VERY generally - "Negroid" skulls are mostly dome-shaped, "Mongoloid" skulls primarily cone-shaped, "Caucasoid" skulls a mixture of dome- and cone-shaped, "Australoid" skulls typically slab-shaped, and "Veddoid" skulls variable but tending toward dome-shaped on average. My own skull - as well as some of my other morphological features - is somewhat Australoid, which is very strange because I have absolutely no Australian Aborigine heritage. On the other hand, there are (supposedly) traces of Australoid ancestry in some Middle Easterners and North Africans (the so-called "Melanochroi," or "dark whites"), and I do have some very distant Semitic blood on my mother's side as well as (maybe) some Berber blood on my father's side, so who can say?
Those old facebook memes where identical skeletons would be labelled black, white, male, female, gay and so on always bothered me because there IS a great deal of difference between a short woman of Asian descent and a tall African male, if you have the whole skeleton. I wonder about the 85% accuracy rate, if it is due to mixing, an inexact science OR the simple fact that bones chip or are often not found intact. The application of this knowledge is what is most important. Where there is no/ inconclusive DNA, knowing the race and sex of a skeleton (or having a fair idea) is important. I've noticed tho' that almost all the Halloween decorations are white male skeletons... really.
I’ve noticed that too, largely from looking at the pelvis. Why are they all male?
@@sallyintucson might be because the female skeleton tends to break at the hip. I saw an x-ray of myself and was appalled - no wonder hip fractures tend to be in my family... and no wonder I had no trouble giving birth to 10 pound children. 😲
@@sallyintucsonbecause only white men would come back to life as a skeleton to scare people. Everyone else resting in peace. Lol j/k
My grandmother would always take her hand cuo it base of my skull she would proclaim or called b re adshaw knot. Mine was most distinctive of my siblings. She also spoke of my mannerisms. I grew up away from the family seeing only summers. How she know my thought process?
I had a hard time not judging this one. First, because although Blumenbach did use the available "science" for his studies and the theories that resulted from them, it's a short walk from his having an "affinity" for a Caucasoid skull to eugenics and the Northern Europeans who invented it and sold it to anyone who'd buy it. In a word: superiority, specifically of the "race" that refers to itself as Caucasian, which is just another word for "white." While I share your disdain for the simplistic color-based terms "black" and "white," Johann Blumenbach was largely a product of his time and place, as we all are, and his body of work is steeped in 18th century Germanic cultural biases and his very limited exposure to people of color as actual human beings. Skeletons can't speak for themselves. If I learned anything from my undergraduate years as an anthropology major, it was to be leery of accepting physical anthropology as anything other than race-ism. Great methods, especially participant-observer studies when they're fact-checked with the people being "studied". Try not to limit yourself to European sources, so your inquiries and interpretations will continue to be broad and unrestrained by the partisan voices we've been hearing forever. The largest ethnic group in the world (nearly 20 percent of our global population) is the Han people in China. I'd love to hear what they make of Blumenbach's racial typology. Translated from Mandarin instead of German, of course. Keep up the good work.
This was helpful, thank you for your thoughts on it.
This is a big deal with the Luzia Skull because people argue about whether she was native american, aboriginal or african because of the skull. When they do dna it shows native american so idk
You definitely can’t base it on skin color. Every one genetic pool came from Africa the most divers group of ppl on the earth would be Africans . When you look at skulls or shapes of Africans all over Africa you can truly see the differences. There are the saan people of South Africa which have the traits of many Asian people . Even the diversity of east Africa vs west Africa is different
I think we need to group depending on cultural factors and norms.
The problem with these studies is that for example the classfiication of 'asians' it completely forgets the indians, sri lankans, bangladeshis ,afghanistan, the countries around the caucacus mountains, the middle east, etc.. It only looks at south east asians. So classifying based on continent doesn't work either.
7:00 , Yes people should not be called 'white' and 'black' and no it isn't marxist or communist to think that lol and it doesn't erase diveristy. Saying white and black erases diversity/variety
The problem with thinking there are multiple races is that its also used colloquially for different species. Thats why i am so against the idea of races
guess only unintelligent people use those “white” “black” terms to determinate differences between them. And it is a big downfall, that for most people term race is just your skin tone these days
@NYTN, the answer is YES (kinda😕🤔🧐); Skeletons do have something of a race, because bones, via bone MARROW, have DNA; Also, there is a TV Show called "Bones" deals with this very same subject, where theyre find bones and fossils, and they (apparently/allegedly) can determine one's race, from it. Allegedly, ofcourse.
It’s Hollywood: take the science with a BIG grain of salt. (I like that show too.)
So should everyone marry/breed/date/have sex and hang out with only those who r of the same skeleton?
I needed to pause constantly
With all do respect, I think you should’ve mentioned that the entire classification of skulls and races and the Blumenbachs theory was proven to be wrong many times and ability of DNA analysis put the final nail in the coffin. Blumenbach never been to Caucasus and haven’t seen people there. The reasoning behind Blumenbach’s use of the word Caucasian was the skull that was presented to him by someone who told him it was a skull of a Georgian woman. He liked that skull the most out of his skull collection, he thought it was the most perfectly shaped skull etc. And the logic behind his theory was that since this was the “best skull” and Europeans (in Blumenbach’s thought) were “best people”, then the Caucasus was probably where european/“white” people come from. Which is not true at all. There are actual ethnicities living in the Caucasus region for thousands of years and those people are actually Caucasians. Genetically, Caucasian people are overwhelmingly West Asian and Central Asian. Usually, Caucasians have dark curly, wavy or straight hair, wheat color/olive/light brown skin, often aquiline nose, almond shape dark eyes. Caucasians have nothing to do with “white” and Europeans have nothing to do with Caucasus. Using the word Caucasian in reference to white people is the same as using the word Indian in reference to Indigenous people. It is inaccurate and disrespectful.
Thank you for this thoughtful critique, I appreciated it
@@nytn Just my two cents. Enjoying your videos though. Keep up the good work!
🇪🇸 Ciertamente lo que escribe éste comentarista sobre el término caucásico. En Europa no se usa mucho para mentar a la raza blanca. Creo que es en EE.UU. dónde se usa más y a los europeos nos parece extraño el término.
As long as one is not considered as better than the other (good luck with that ) it is a learning experience and very interesting. And it seems there would be way more than 5 "races".
My skeleton structure would be classified as Caucasian, but I'm South Asian and I'm a brown skin person.
Other differences that wasnt talked about, skull shape, length and jaw size and shape, brow ridge, africans have longer skulls at the back but quite short height which creates the "bump" often seen, asians have wide skulls but short on the back, europeans have medium wide skulls tall skulls (big forhead), europeans have the most pronounced jaws with most pronounced chins and tallest ramus bone when africans have more recessed chins, europeans and especially native australians have pronounced brow ridges which asians and africans lack, these are all just evolutional differences and nothing bad of course
I'm here because I'm learning how to sculpt faces in Blender.
If that were the case then Ainu, Polynesian and Southeast Asian should be considered to be Caucasoid mixed
Phenotype=/=ancestry. Good example also onge and oceanians are east eurasians genetically but are considered separate in phenotypes. If anyone wants to make a coherent race concept it should be based on ancestry not phenotype.
Interesting. I have also heard that it's possible to determine race by mouth (teeth). Well, even if this is valid this probably can't work for mixed people. How? I think it works for Africans, Asians and Europeans who have never left their continent because in the Americas we are tri-racial and bi-racial people. And if not current mixing most likely going back in one's history.
Just one look at Carly Simon made me think she had African ancestry - her teeth are beautiful! And turns out she does! I think it may be an evolving science and so long as it is not used for eugenics or discrimination it helps identify crime victims and/or advances the study of humanity. :)
Yes in sense you can it gets harder when there is more genetic mixing. Native Americans had a structure like that of Eastern Europeans and even though they had NE Asian,Eastern European and Siberian ancestors. It should only be used at a general level and is not empirical but usually it’s enough to get someone in a direction.
No eastern euro ancestors. ANE lived in siberia and EHG are from their western migrations while native americans are from pure ANEs in siberia plus east asian admix.
Btw native americans are another example of phenotype=/=ancestry because ANE peaks in southern american natives who are by phenotype more mongoloid looking. While northern native americans who are closer to caucasoids in looks are actually more east asian. Funny isn't it?
If by race you mean a set of hereditary characteristics transmitted through Dna and are the consequence of sympatric speciation being caused by genetic mutation: logically the answer is yes!
I'm an anthropology enthusiast and decided on it being my major in college.
The old twentieth century paradigms of races is the best! While most people nash their teeth at the idea that distinct biological races exist, it doesn't change the reality that they do.
Joseph Deniker a nineteenth and twentieth century ethnologist really developed the earlier models of human racial taxonomy that started with racialist like Blumenbach: dividing the European family into several distinct taxonomic groups like Nordic, Ibero-Insular a subtype of the Mediterranean race, or Lappish(East Baltic race); this concept later attracted anthropologist like Giuseppe Sergi to develop a European racial hierarchy in opposition to Nordicism, and the claims of Nordic superiority espoused by eugenicist like Madison Grant, a man of northwest Europe heritage; Sergi attributed all of Europe's greatest cultural and intellectual achievements to the Mediterranean cultures and people such as the Romans and Greeks. Mussolini during the Nazi era even developed a racial doctrine about Mediterranean racial identity.
These ideas have undergone a lot of tinkering over the last one hundred and fifty years, but there is truth that different populations(i.e. races) are distinct not only physically but on a genetic level as well.
With the development of the field of linguistics, European linguist like James Parsons and Sir William Jones made immense strides in tracing Europeans back to an ancestral homeland somewhere in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe region, where the Indo-European languages emerged and why we have several branches now, such as Hellenic, Latin, Celtic, Balto-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, etc.
Just a few examples of the word for horse in Indo-European languages: Latin _equus_ ; Old Irish _ech_ ; Old English _eōh_ ; Greek _íppos_ ; Avestan _aspa_ ; Old Indic _asva_ etc.
The Nazi's _Ahnenerber_ organization came to be because of that familial relationship between Indo-European speakers in Europe and those in parts of Eurasia, various parts of Asia, were the language families furthermost outpost extends all the way to northern China's Xinjiang territory, and were the ancient Tocharians migrated from the Altai region, these people were kindred of the Tarim basin mummies.
This obsession of Hitler's to find the origin of the Aryan race is based on some historical, ethnic and linguistic reality.
This topic has always intrigued me to the point where sometimes, I wonder what the ethnic backgrounds are of different people I encounter. Do you know the ethnicity of your mom's grandmother?
based on our DNA tests (which varied a lot even from family member to family member) Lola was probably about 40% African/Creole(So French, too) and the other half was "Hispanic" (Indigenous American/Spanish)
@@nytnThat kind of thing was not uncommon back in those days. “Passing”, resulted in an easier lifestyle.
Iron Eyes Cody = Italian.
I've never heard a discussion about comparing two different tiger subspecies which one is more superior than the other. Why people instantly assume that in discussions about human subspecies? We clearly have speciated around the globe and we have proof of that. To some people, that instantly conjures a question: 'Which one is better?' Bruh, every subspecies is better suited for their environment, surprise surprise.
Coming from horn of Africa or "Ethiopia" I wasn't expecting to see "Ethiopian" here. That too needs to be clarified what "Ethiopian" means
Negroid
Ethiopia's geography has changed a ton over the years.
Maybe the language needs to change now. Why do we need to use the divisive term races, with all the connotations of the past. Why can’t we instead say these are the great human families and besides these there will be people who show tiny differences of more than one family. Either because of their origin, or because of their parental partner choices. Today we do not need the literal skeleton scanners do an incredible job. The skeleton is very beautiful, there are few symmetrical bones, those of the face and those of the spinal chord especially the very unusually one at the base of the spine, large and almost flat with holes in it….. there’s a lot to learn from it, all sort of adaptations humans made…. Nearly all of us have them all, just with tiny variations. We do not have to be divisive and hierarchical about classification of anything let alone ourself, you are right, and if a concept is damaging and does not do the world and it’s people any favours we can change that. It really is not that hard….
Race is not a biological concept, though. Humans are not comprised of various subspecies.
It's not the grouping or even hierarchy itself, but that simple physical differences (both real and perceived) have so often in the past been exploited by a small number of people for political ends. Thus, it is the tendency for value judgments to accompany the physical differences and the way these value judgments are expressed within a human population that seems to be the deciding factor. Take both the Rwandan genocide, and the holocaust, for example. Both the Hutu/Tutsi (Rwandan) and the Aryan/Non-Aryan (Nazi) distinctions were artificial fabrication. Himler and Hitler were anything but tall, blonde haired, & blue-eyed. Nevertheless, both men were able to use physical distinctions they absolutely lacked for the exercise of political power, to the most horrific ends. To me, the takeaway is that how these differences are interpreted and more importantly whether they are *leveraged* to scapegoat one group in favor of another that tells us whether the data was used towards a legitimate scientific end like Forensic Anthropology or historical genealogy on one end, or mass murder and genocide on the other. Like any tool, it can be used to benefit humankind, or to destroy it.
By the way... talking Forensic Anthropology/Osteology *and* wearing a New Mexico shirt?! Purely a coincidence, I'm sure.. 😌
LOL! It's my Roswell shirt😬
@@nytn Roswell huh?? Sounds like a great road trip for you and your son!! 👽🛸
@@nytn ...Anthro and NM both have a special place in my heart. :)
@@CalmBeforeTheStorm76 We literally just got back this weekend. Im not kidding😆
I am from New Mexico and noticed your shirt as well! 💛
Great video
Imo, that type of craniometry is useful for forensic criminologists who are trying to identify someone, but at best it may only tell them what a person may have looked like. Categorizing them 'racially' is important only if the person categorized themself racially. People in the US who've 'passed for White' would be identified as White. Otoh, some people who could have passed did not and categorized themselves as Black. Anyway, I'd like to know how they'd categorize Tiger Woods.
we are all mixtures of these 5 skulls...which branched into races...🌎
I used to do fish collection for a biologist friend of mine. I think regional variations could be used. That being said something the variable can include behavioral differences in the same species. That's why classification in humans is a huge can of worms.
It's pronounced as Yohan the J has a Y sound in German and Scandinavian language.
I am lighter than you
Have you read Metuneter?
Aside from its connection to eugenics , its kinda flawed considering mixed race people especially directly mixed people
for example in a mixed race family , like with those twins sister in the uk where one came out a ginger and the other one more mulatto
How would someone determine with those methods is the race of two biracial twins who have different phenotypes , or siblings of the same mixed parents yet different hair texture eye color skin color and even features
race science is just as bad as the dsm demonizing human emotions forgetting that people are full personalities meant to survive by ay means , we are not just worker bees and anything that doesn't fit the worker bee archetypes somehow means we are disordered
Its the same wit race science trying to erase mixed people , but the funniest thing is there has never been a pure race European at those times nor African as those are two of the most mixed groups of people , as what we think of race now is really a product of human farming and inbreeding but since half the population has aphantasia they just cant imagine whats beyond them if they haven't been told seen pictures or read it
Its like just because you have never seen a whale or black swan doesn't mean it doesn't exist because its beyond Somone's brainwashing you know , especially because this brilliant channel has shown how much race is a joke just another system of control , so people are separated yet working together thru competition as a while for someone elses dreams
because shouldn't we care more about culture the place we live rather than where we come from that's long gone ?
you dont have to answer this not sure it has an answer lol Great video ,
You really can't. Only some groups can be correctly identified in this manner. But it didn't defy keishin by a person's Bones have more often been wrong than correct
Race only makes Sense in Breeding. Breeding Horses, Cows, Dogs, Cats and so on.
The one on the far left duh
The first, the other two are obviously grey ☠️
LOL😆
I have one shovel tooth. Feels weird on my tongue as the tooth and it's twin don't match.
Craniometry (the study of human skull shape) isn't a reliable study to determine race, I'll explain below.
There are some cases where craniometry can determine race as each racial group have a particular bone structure of the nose and eye openings. However, similar structures of the eye and nose openings of the skull can be found in various racial groups. Franz Boas an archeologist from 1916 proved that cranial morphology can change from one generation to the next due to new lifestyles and moving to new lands, and he was backed by some modern archeologist. There are populations who have obtained a skull shape going back tens of thousands of years that several racial groups share from a common ancestor (example, some Natives, Asians and Euros inherited the same long narrow skull found among the first Eurasians).
Craniometry has been used by Eurocentrics to claim ancient Native American skulls because of similar skull shape (Kennewick Man). As you mentioned the racist eugenics of early white scientist have used skull measurements to determine IQ and pseudo racial classification. More anthropologist and archeologist are discovering the craniometry isn't a reliable study to determine race!
Are you part Italian/ Native ?
Cause I saw your video about Italians etc... I'm curious now :)
Yes I am (and 20 other things!) Mostly Italian though☺
Im Mexican and I feel like you were going after only white woman on the pretendian video….I’ve seen so many pretendians in the black community….They have a literal youtuber with with over 500k subscribers that pushes the idea that black people were the real Native Americans….They claim the Olmecs,Mayans,Aztecs and countless indigenous groups were black…..Us indigenous call them wabos and pretendians too…but people are scared to go after them because they are black
I’m assuming you mean Dane Calloway? If so, good point
@@nytn Yes I am referring to him…He has a bunch of spawns on Tik tok too….I see some of our people started to fight back but I fear this movement more than some white girls pretending to be Native American….This movement isn’t just about pretending but literally changing and erasing our history….and its growing specifically within African Americans…So many are so lost.
I’d like to address it, I’ve been mulling it over. i appreciate the feed back!
@@nytn You’re welcome…I appreciate your channel and I hope you do talk about it
Calidawg510 I see you on here making broad statements aboutBlack people not being able to be Indigenous. So, with that statement I guess you have done genealogy on all Black peoples. Making broad statements like that makes you come off as bigoted. That would be the equivalent of me saying you’re not really Mexican because of all your Spaniard blood. And for the record I’m not defending Dane Calloway at all but you can’t make blanket statements and assume what someone Race, Nationality or ethnicity is based on skin color. People are too scared to go after them because they’re Black?!? Or is it because some are actually providing actual documentation and evidence to back up what they claim? Sounds like you shout e worried about your own heritage and ancestors instead of worrying about Black people.
I am Mexican & my skull Caucasoid
And you're brain is Negroid.
very nice video, about the negative vibe for measuring skulls, before nazi germany, it happened in italy, actually it started in italy, by Cesare Lombroso, a doctor from northern italy who was the first to theorize that there are differences in based on the proportions of the skull, he believed that according to the shape of the skull southern Italians were born criminals, he made this theory to justify the massacre that took place against the southern Italians who rebelled, his scientific approach was the basis of the racist theories of fascism and Nazism
Actually yes, skeletons have unique features that pertain to different races and/or ethnicities!
Yes it does if we are looking to understand where someone is from and what that means. Recent history blurs these lines especially in America as Americans are an amalgamation of groups from around the world. Even among Europeans there are huge variations. She is referencing very very outdated concepts that no one in the field of physical anthropology is using today. It’s ridiculous for someone with no background in the field to do this content.
This goes to prove that racism is stupid.When the chess game is over,the king and the pawn go into the same box.
It is a natural human instinct. All cooperative species that have a vulnerability to altruistic agents have to have some kind of mechanism for selecting out the in group from the out group. If they didn’t then the species would end (we see that today in Europe live)
If you’re not following me, think of what you’d be willing to do to save the life of your own kid . Would you be willing to do the same for someone else’s kid ? You can’t give everything for everyone. If you did, then some people would say, “isn’t this awesome, this dummy will do everything to keep us safe and he gets absolutely nothing in return!”
Wow, yes.
@@dorianduka Naturalistic fallacy. Just because something is natural doesn't mean it's right. Rape and stealing are also natural human behaviors that have occurred for thousands of years, resulting in the survival and propagation of our genes (for obvious reasons), but that doesn't mean we should encourage these things.
I get drawing the line at family, but race? Why should I care more for a complete stranger based on skin tone or hair texture? You're all "others" as far as I'm concerned.
@@bluebird5173 History doesn't care for failed moral concepts
If a group rejects something that is necessary for survival that group will not survive..it is that simple
@@dorianduka Do you support rape and stealing because these things propagated our ancestors' genes?
People that used this stuff to determine who deserves human rights or have ruined it for everyone else
Bobblehead match 😂
The shape of the skull is the issue people have with the ancient Egyptians where they white or black is a hot topic....
What does white and black even mean? 😂
No scientific paper talks about white or black. However, it's quite clear ancient Egyptians' cranial morphology overlaps with modern Egyptians, North Africans and West Asians, and with Europeans to a lesser extent. Which is expected for a predominantly West Eurasian populations genetically.
west eurasians aka Europeans,west asians ......
@@doriandukagtfoh 😂 they were not recessive pink Neanderthals you wish ✊🏾
@@babyboy562 iwo eleru ..your ancestor is not even human ffs...what do you have to say to any other populations
I would think traits will have to do with environment and genetics, so in my opinion we mixed and mingled cultures, and moved all over the globe, add in technology and we have mixed even more, because environment is less important. So my genetics are very diverse, so I'm just a human. I know one thing we're not crayons. And should stop the whole color thing. It was always meant to be divisive.
Thats what im thinking, what if you're interracial😂how you gonna name that.Or just mixes with any origin,I think it's bs..
Now talk about brain volume and ignore reality a bit more. We're all human and should be treated as such, but ignoring reality hurts people
First of All For normal and natural Humans there is Great Differences between men Skull and women Skull for all human Races I mean Types
Sec Most So Called Caucasian Races regardless there color has skull shapes that Tend to have many similar Features For Example you can Find Indians Skulls for men For Example Look Quiet Similar to European Skull and Quiet Similar to Arabs Skull I mean there is No Significant Differences that of course Regardless there Color of there Skin
Thirds Negroid Skulls has More Diverse some has Caucasian /negroid Features together and others have Pure Negroid Features and others have Australoid /negroid Features there is more Diverse in Africa than in Asia and Europe
Fourth For Asians and Mongolians they also Have more Diverse than Caucasian and less Diverse than Africans , some of them Have Caucasian / Mongolid Features together Mix others Have Pure Mongolid Features Others have Mongolid / Negroid Mix Features together but All of them less Diverese compared to African and more Diverse compared to European and Minor Asians Caucasian
Why are they so afraid to talk about this? Also why call it Ethiopian when it’s called negroid?
Talk about the what?
Ethiopians are mixed. The Germans couldn't figure out what category to put them in.
Yes
I love your earrings. They are beautiful & unique
I got them from a native jeweler out west!
@@nytnOut West…. That always sounds strange to a Westerner.
hah! get me out of Nashville
I agree! You look especially beautiful in this video! Love that coral/orange and your hair. Regarding skull identification, I believe there are features in common with certain geographical or ancestral backgrounds, but I'm hoping that one day we'll have such a plethora of mixed race peoples that it'll be difficult to ascertain one's "race" by bone structure. I do love it when they "flesh out" a skull and put the likeness on the news to try to help identify murder victims, however! Love that DNA helps with solving criminal cases. It no doubt has reduced the number of innocent people wrongly convicted of crimes. That, especially in the southern states, definitely happened to people of color and even just outsiders, who were often targeted and convicted solely on those bases - and is a travesty.
@@karenblack2869 She always look so beautiful. Actually she is literally gorgeous
4:23, it fits because that was the bone structure those glasses were designed to fit.
Race is a cultural constuct like gender
Incorrect ~ I suggest you re- take principles of Biological Sciences😊😂🎉!
@colinchampollion4420 Genetics and race are not the same thing. Read a book you bigot
The best way to determine race is using the scientific studies of DNA and Dental Traits which is more of a commonality found in each racial group. Craniometry as I said in the previous comment, in some cases there are some populations/ethnic groups who share a common skull morphology, but also other ethnic/tribes in the same racial group have different cranial morphology and it can be similar to other groups from other racial groups. Cranial morphology can change from one generation due to moving to new lands, new diets, lifestyles and of course the environment. We are subject to environment, especially skin color, body type and skull shape. Only DNA and Dental Traits can determine race, and even in some cases, there is some similarity between racial groups.
Euginics focused on skulls and bone structure. We are all the same human species regardless of our skulls.
One race. Homo Sapiens.
YES, skeletons have a RACE. One can ,in most cases, differentiate between NEGROID, CAUCASOID, and MONGOLOID. But keep in mind, PURE unmixed AFRICANS possess the features of all three racial groups because they all came from Africa. See BANTU, KUSHITE, and KHOISAN, and you will get my point.
Khoisan have been found to be mixed recently. They apparently left Africa mixed and then went back an extremely long time ago.
@@johnnyearp52 Have they themselves ever said anything about leaving? Have you ever heard them give an oral history about leaving??
Or are you per usual just pushing a weak "theory” as if it’s a fact?
@@user-yj7ey7ql6k It is based on genetics.
They said you can but it seems silly 😂I woud say um so so
First
I’m still trying to find your prize, it’s here somewhere…. ☺️☺️♥️
I WOULD SAY NO ITS MADE UP, however based on region and area you would have similar adaptation of the climate where the skulls were found nevertheless there were many different color people from every region. Colorism came in for social controls.
Forensic anthropology