14.2 Rate Laws | General Chemistry
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- Опубликовано: 8 июл 2024
- Chad provides a comprehensive lesson on Rate Laws and how to calculate a rate law from a table of kinetic data. The lesson begins with an introduction to what a rate law looks like including the rate constant, k, the reactant orders, and the overall order of reaction. A description of reactant order and the overall order of reaction is provided. The rate of reaction is not affected by the concentration of a zero order reactant. The rate of reaction is proportional to the concentration of a first order reactant. The rate of reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of a second order reactant. Finally, the overall order of reaction is equal to the sum of the individual reactant orders.
Chad then shows how to calculate the rate law from a table of experimental data. He explains how to recognize which trials to compare to determine a particular reactant's order and then how to perform the calculation. Once all the individual reactant orders have been calculated, he then shows how to calculate the rate constant. Depending upon the overall order of reaction, the unit of the rate constant vary. Chad also shows how to find rate constant units and an easy way to remember the units for each order of reaction.
I've embedded this playlist as a course on my website with all the lessons organized by chapter in a collapsible menu and much of the content from the study guide included on the page. Check this lesson out at www.chadsprep.com/chads-gener...
If you want all my study guides, quizzes, final exam reviews, and practice exams, check out my General Chemistry Master Course (free trial available) at www.chadsprep.com/genchem-you...
00:00 Lesson Introduction
00:42 Rate Laws, Rate Constants, and Reaction Orders
03:21 Zero Order Reactants, 1st Order Reactants, 2nd Order Reactants
09:21 How to Calculate a Rate Law from a Table of Experimental Data
18:30 How to Calculate the Rate Constant
21:20 How to Find Rate Constant Units
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Chad, no words can explain how thankful I am for your easy and concise explanation of the topic. I don't usually leave comments on RUclips, but I seriously have to express my graditude. I am someone who struggles with chemistry, causing me to panic weeks before exams and quizzes. After watching your video can I just say that it all clicks now? The car analogy, the arrows you drew when explaining the doubling, it may not mean much to you but these actions truly played a role in my understanding of the topic. From one of the many students you've helped, thank you.
Thank you for the kind words - I appreciate your comments. It is gratifying to hear that your understanding is deepening. Happy Studing!
This man is constantly saving my Gen Chem Grades. We say thank you.
You're welcome!
You’re the best professor, wish many students can discover these valuable videos. Thank you
Glad you find the videos so helpful :)
You sir are truly a noble gentleman. I read the chapter in the textbook on this subject and attempted the practice problems: failed. I watched your video and then re-attempted the SAME practice problems: easily completed. Mr. Chad is not the hero we deserve, but the hero we need
Glad the video is helping, Andre - Happy Studying!
9:23 really liked the analogy of the car to understand how to get parcial orders
Glad you find it helpful.
I cannot thank you enough for this video! You explained what I didn’t understand in just a couple of sentences! Thanks for getting straight to the point, definitely gonna check out your prep courses.
Glad to hear it, Nina - Happy Studying!
this man is the sole reason i am passing my chemistry final
Glad the channel is helping you!
Your videos are awesome. So succinct and precise. It's a great supplement to my professors lectures. Why you don't have more subscribers, I am stunned. Thanks so much and you've gained a subscriber in me for sure.
Glad you found the channel - thanks for the sub!
Mr Chad, Professor Chad, oh my gosh I think your channel just saved my Gen Chem 2 grade. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge, I'm at a point with my chem professor where I'm not following his methods of teaching AT ALL, he seems like a great guy and his qualifications are excellent and all those wonderful things but I'm not sure he knows that we are not all PhDs lol your videos are easy to digest and very very clear to follow. Thank you so much.
Glad the channel is helping you out so much - Happy Studying!
Phenomenal video Chad - this was explained by our professor in let's just say *not the greatest fashion*, and you somehow delivered a succinct and effective lesson on a tough topic. Thank you for continuing to democratize education!
Glad the video helped you - Happy Studying!
absolutely incredible video, tied everything together perfectly in the end as well. I got a A in gen chem 1 last semester and went into gen chem 2 overconfident, and still studied a lot for the first big exam but did extremely poorly. Exam 2 is next week on solids and Chemical Kinetics, your videos are great and extremely helpful, with lots of practice, I am aiming to do much better and a large thanks of that is going to you. Thank you from a future Dentist, your videos are life saving!!
Glad the channel/videos are helping you - much success to you and your dental endeavors!
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Glad to hear it, Maryam - Happy Studying!
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I am currently preparing to take over AP Chem at my school in 2 years. Your videos are really fantastic. You are a great teacher and explain everything thoroughly. Thank you!
Thank you and glad the channel is helping you - Happy Studying!
Chad, you are sent from God! ❤️ May God’s grace be with you and I pray he continues to bless you 🙏🏽
Thank you very much! To you, also!
You have no idea how much you are helping me stay on top of my chem 2 class!!
Happy to hear this :)
Thank you, you instantly gave me energy to continue studying
You're welcome.
tubular video man!! my professor yapped on for 50 mins and I didn't understand a thing but you got it down... thanks!
Radical! I haven't heard 'tubular' since the 80's! You're welcome and Thank You!
You're an incredible teacher, so rare to find these days. I'm going to recommend you to all my friends
Thank you for saying so and recommending!
Great help, thank you!
Glad to hear it, Sarah!
Hi Chad, just wanted to say your Organic Chemistry series is excellent and I am surprised that not many students have found your lessons
Glad you found the channel, Zeshawn!
@@ChadsPrep Nice to be in touch. I am currently taking Organic Chem 2 and your videos provide extra clarity when reviewing at home
@@zeerah1 Glad to hear it - Happy Studying!
It was really helpful in my preparation for my continuous assessment test
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Glad to hear it, Bianca!
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Chemistry is actually pretty interesting when the topic makes sense. Thanks for explaining it so well!
You're welcome!
Thank You so much! I was stuck and frustared. Thank you thank you. They should show your videos in online classes honestly, my professors had me so confused and never give good examples to solve my labs.
I have a question though, how do you solve when instead of doubling or tripling, they divide, for example, from 0.02 to 0.01, what would be the order?
I can't explain how useful these videos are. Thanks a lot. You are really saving me to pass the gen. chem. Also, I can consider naming my firstborn child Chad.
Glad that the channel is helping you and I hope your firstborn is a boy! :-)
Thanks I appreciate these lectures here esp since my course is straight up 📖 reading and no lectures/ tutorials
Glad the channel is helping - Happy Studying!
This was so helpful thank you
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Your videos just make us wanted to learn more abt chemistry. so clear and well defined
Excellent - Happy Studying!
Wow! You helped me so much! Thaks for breaking it down for us!!!!
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Thanks sir for the proper explaination
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only video that made me understand, thank you soo much
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Another banger from Chad. Thank you.
Thank you :)
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You're welcome from USA
Wow! Loved the unit of k giving away rate order. So good!!!
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This video have been so helpful.
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thank you so much for helping out struggling students like me
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Wow! now everything makes sense now thank you so much sir
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Glad the channel is helping you - Happy Studying!
im a student from Taiwan. This ep must save my Chem in my quiz
Hope you do well on your quiz.
love the shirt!!! thanks for the lesson!
Thanks and you're welcome - Happy Studying!
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Oh my god. I did not understand the lecture at all in my class. I immedietly turned to you and am glad I did. Please do every student a solid and never stop creating. The world is lucky and fortunate to have you. Also could you also make a chem video for easily telling if a molecule is polar without the need to use full vsepr theory and without access to electronegativity numbers becuase in AP Chemistry, you only have the periodic table. Thanks :)
Happy to hear the content is helping you! Happy studying :)
Thank you for the video. How do you determine the initial rate?
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Thanks, Savanna - you as well!
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Wow - the channel can affect people in all kinds of ways - Glad it is helping you!
Thank u daddy❤
Happy Studying.
but help us with some video about steam distillation specifically explanation of the conditions for a substance to be steam distilled
Hello sir, I have a question on my book where 2 concentrations are given and one of the concentration is not constant. Can u please help me with that.
struggled for days self-learning, this man used 25 min to kill it！
Glad it helped!
Good tutor
Thank you
Lovely 🙏🏾🙏🏾Radhe Krishna bless u🙏🏾❤
Welcome to the channel
Hey Chad, what if the concentration from trial one to trial two in NO decreased, but stayed constant in Cl2? would the exponent be a fraction?
Hey Zachary - yes we would end up with a fractional exponent in that case. BUT! if the NO concentration halved and the rate halved also it would still be first order :)
great great video! the only one I understood infact haha
Thanks - glad it helped!
That is a nice one sir, but i don't get the table
Love the shirt.
Thanks.
I have a question here, so the rate we calculated is the rate of change in concentration of Cl2 or NO? As I understand it, the rate for NO is double that of Cl2 because of NO's coefficient, so what is the reaction rate representing here?
Hi Leo! If you look back at the previous video in the playlist, I introduce rate expressions and explain that the rate of reaction can be expressed in terms of any reactant or product. The absolute value of the rate of reaction will be the same as the rate of change for a reactant or product with a coefficient of 1, half the absolute value of the rate of change for a reactant/product with a coefficient of 2, one-third of the absolute value of the rate of change for a reactant/product with a coefficient of 3, etc. This way, regardless of which reactant or product you consider, the overall rate of reaction will have the same value. Hope this helps!
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Shad with son Chad - it works! I wish you many blessings with many children, at least one that is a son!
How do you know the trial to pick what concept do you use
It is always easier to pick a pair of trials to compare where only the concentration of one reactant is changed if possible.
my beautiful friend, you've done it again
Glad to hear it A.C. - thanks for saying so!
The rate we get in rate laws is inital rate?
Yes, because if you let a reaction go, it might reach equilibrium. So they usually just measure the initial rate.
I get everything but I’m super confused when it comes to scientific notation. Every time I try to divide it gives me a scientific notation number, not a regular whole number, then I don’t know how to put that decimal to equal a power. Can you please help?
Hey Jayooni - is this on your calculator? Can you give me an example of what you are trying to convert?
@@ChadsPrep yes it is-- it’s a little hard to send the table over. Is it fine if I email it to you?
@@ChadsPrep but I’m trying to divide 7.0x10^-4 and 2.8x10^-3
Thanks so much for your response I appreciate it a lot!
@@emily191 This is late, but maybe for someone else needing the same help. Remember an exponent in the denominator can be raised to the numerator by flipping the sign. So I always tell people, in the example you gave, divide the front numbers alone 7/2.8 = 2.5 then flip the exponent in the denominator which pushes it to the numerator (10^-4/10^-3) becomes (10^-4 × 10^3). Multiplying exponents means you add the exponents which now gives you 10^(-4+3) = 10^-1. Now combine it all..2.5 x 10^-1 or .25. Hope that's useful for whomever may need it.
@@josphellihsilak4588 thank you for your response! I ended up asking my brother and he figured it out in less than a minute lol. You can imagine the look on my face haha
Wow. Great lesson. I love your shirt. God bless you. I pray that for helping us may God bless you massively. Eternal life with Christ is my prayer for you Prof❤Amen.
Thank you so much and right back at you 🙏
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Excellent - I wish for him a full head of hair!
If i do well only the gen chem portion of my DAT, I WILL BE NAMING my first born CHAD. It was already on my list. It was meant to be
Happy Studying.
How do I find those list of numbers you have? The numbers:
0.1 0.1 0.18
0.1 0.2 0.36
0.2 0.2 1.44
From experiments. They’re experimental values.
I know what's wrong wit it. It ain't got no gas innet. Anyways thank you for being better than my professor. I learn more from you in 20 min than a semesters worth of class
Glad the videos are helping you Adam!
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Thanks - glad the channel is helping you!
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Thanks!
I don't know how he got the m-² s-¹. can someone explain pls.
So we have (0.18M.s^-1)/[(0.1M^2)(0.1M)]..... just looking at the unit that gives us: (M.s^-1)/[(M^2)(M)].... anything that is on the top and bottom we can cross out.... (-M-.s^-1)/[(M^2)(-M-)] which just leaves us with s^-1 on the top and M^2 on the bottom which is M^-2 s^-1
@@ChadsPrep thanks prof chad!🙌
@@Jerlogan1191 Most welcome.
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Glad the video helped!