It’s heresy to compare Hans Zimmer to John Williams. John is an accomplished composer and master, Zimmer just throws things together and they work sometimes
@@JJ-zo7jv haha a very generic abstraction, and I am inclined to agree, but Hans does truly write epic, modern, hybrid film scores like no other. He can make simple music sound so cinematic and grand. I prefer John Williams over Hans, but it does take talent to do what Hans does so effectively.
This is so Interesting what Zimmer says about european Orchestral Scores in science fiction. Because when John Williams scored Star wars it was the exact opposite. Sci fi movies had wierd modern electronic scores and stuff like that and the idea to Score the movie with more traditional romantic orchestral music was a new one. The idea was to ground the music in more familliar emotional teritorry because the visuals were already alien. Now the Orchestral score has become the cliche for sci fi and thus Zimmer basically turns it around again. Thats funny.
Yeah his attitude with that remark was weirdly pompous. Rubbed me the wrong way because I get his point and, trust me, I adore Dune’s sound… but also what Williams chose for Star Wars themes are just perfect. I don’t even want star wars to sound more “sci fi” whatever that really means.
2001’s soundtrack is also inarguably iconic. Listen to the scoring for Interstellar and tell me you don’t find aspects of it evocative of 2001. Then think about who scored Interstellar. Imitation is the highest form of flattery, after all.
from a fourth-term music theory student, THIS is the way to drill down how zimmer writes music. he creates soundscapes, not symphonies. not to say that one is better than the other - i love his and zimmer's work equally for different reasons - but he is not a complex composer. he has a knack for perfectly capturing what the film *should* sound like. wonderful work!
Which is all the more interesting when you go back to some of his older film scores like Lion King, or even Kung Fu Panda, which were all much more the standard orchestral approach.
I'd agree with the caveat that Zimmer's complexities are in a different area of music than what many classical composers are looking for. Sound design is massively important to electronica and soundscapes and can be extremely technical and complex, simply on a different axis than harmonic complexity. I'm just nitpicking a bit at your comment that Zimmer isn't a complex composer. Also, a finalized simplicity does not mean that the process to get there wasn't complex. I'll cite minimalism as my point there :)
@@trevormoffat4054 the emphasis for why he writes the music so differently for science fiction is because we're not supposed to think about Earth while watching them. On the other hand Kung-Fu Panda and The Lion King are clearly based as being on Earth (if not in this reality timeline - because we don't have talking animals lol). 😊
When I watched Dune Part 2 in the cinema my mind was blown and the soundtrack is my favourite movie soundtrack of all time! Hans Zimmer is and absolute genius in both part 1 and 2, and Dune part 2 is one of my favourite movies of all time!
Dune Part 2 is, I think, only the second movie I’ve ever gone to see in theaters multiple times. I went to see it for a second time yesterday, (March 22nd) after seeing it opening weekend. I absolutely loved seeing it in theaters.
0:23 I’m torn because I do agree with Hans Zimmer on one hand it’s strange to hear something so Earthly in space (and beyond) however, I also know that John Williams score is one of the key components that elevated Star Wars above the synthesizer soundtracks of 70s and 80s sci-fi (it’s one thing that George Lucas specifically mentions in several interviews “the sound of Star Wars” help create that space opera atmosphere)
Totally agree💪🏻 I still prefer John Williams, Star Wars and Harry Potter are just two of the greatest pieces of music ever written in music, in my opinion
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker absolutely. John Williams is the second most Oscar nominated person in the world for a reason. A few more scores: Superman, ET, Jurassic Park, Jaws, Saving Private Ryan, Home Alone, Close Encounters..., Memoirs of a Geisha, Indiana Jones... And the list goes on and on.. Just incredible 😍
Hans Zimmerman has told us in interview that the bagpipes sound was created by Guthrie Govan on guitar. Hans has stated that Guthrie is the finest guitarist in the world.
Zimmer and Vilneuve took a very similar approach on Dune to what they did on Blade Runner 2049, where the score and sound effects blend seamlessly into the vast, oppressive soundscape. Listen to the track “Sea Wall” from Blade Runner 2049 - it’s quite ‘Duney’ with big intervals, drones, and pounding synths. Abrasive, yet eminently listenable. Masterful stuff.
One of the most under rated guitarists. He played for Steven Wilson. The raven that refused to sing and hand cannot erase albums have some of the best guitar pieces.
I recently saw “Dune: Part Two” and I was in awe at how seamlessly the music blended in with the movie! 💬✨ The music for the film is so unique but so fitting simultaneously 🧩🎵
To your final point, I always put it like this: John Williams is for your lush neo-Romantic melodies and rich harmonies. Hans Zimmer is for your atmosphere and ambience-you immersion, if you will.
Yea, I don't mind Zimmer's approach... when Zimmer's doing it. But his more-sounds-less-music approach has opened the doors for a lot of pseudo-composers Hollywood is full of these days, who can't make anything as interesting as Zimmer, and can't put together even 20 seconds of a solid composition, which still is not even close to Williams.
Dune's harmony is Simple... Hans is all about making simple sound good. I think that's what differentiates Hans from the composers of yester years, the ones he throws shade at in the starting. Hans is excellent at taking simple ideas of Harmony and Melody and making it sound grand with Sound Design and Samples.. Whereas the other composers write more complex and interesting scores but use only the Orchestra at their disposal for the most part. I think there's skill and talent in both, and personally I'm always at awe at Composers like John Williams and how they make use of just an Orchestra to create such memorable and iconic scores.
The Star Wars desert clip you played sounds like it was inspired by Holst. The Arabic scales of Dune fit very well with the Arabic influences of Herbert’s novel.
I've been a film score nerd since I was like 11 years old, and wore the HELL out of my LPs of the Star Wars Holy Trinity by the Great John Williams. I have to say, though that Zimmer's scores for Dune and Dune, Part Two are hands-down the most compelling, haunting, transporting, and transcendent sets of cues I've ever heard! Thank you for a splendid video breakdown!
Carl-Friedrich, I find your knowledge, skill, ability to communicate concepts within music - all are fantastic. I subscribed to you by about 3m30s. Thank you for this, I look forward to learning more from you! Thank you for making this video.
The more I consider it… the more I become convinced that the reason why Dune 2 is a superb work, I dare say a masterpiece, is because it plucks those core heartstrings that Wagner was able to because it is, or at least attempts to be, a Gesamtkunstwerk. This is why Zimmerer’s soundscape is so potent.
This is a fantastic explanation, Gesamtkunstwerk as a term works perfect for the Dune movies, they (I've just seen the first one yet) are amazing pieces of art🙌🏻
Diana Ankudinova does a masterful version of Pauls Story. Mindboggle belting by a contralto prodigy just now going global. She performed this with a hans zimmer orchestra in petersburg recently. Amazing belting
I see the recent tracks by Hans Zimmer like the score of Vangelis in Bladerunner. The soundscapes are accompanying the images to create these sensations of being in an other dimension.
in 5:07 he takes a wind instrument that I don't know how he names it, but to me it's very similar to a Catalan "gralla". They have funny described of our own weapons of mass (ear) destruction
I’m going to play devils advocate here and actually agree with Zimmer on sci fi being orchestra. I’m a big sucker for classical music, so do I love sci fi. I also love Star Wars (was my first favorite saga in fiction), and Williams’ score is iconic in its own way. But hearing bombastic orchestra while is fun in a symphony concerto - doesn’t blend well with a sci fi movie. Jurassic park, Superman, Star Wars all have iconic scores but sound the same - I am never immersed in the sounds of the movie and they do little to create an atmosphere. What Zimmer has done with dune, and even blade runner 2049 - even other similar composers like vangelis in the original BR managed to do something Williams couldn’t. They created atmospheric music that really made the world alive. It made you feel that you were in that world… it added texture to the cinematography. Some more of my favorite soundtrack creators aside from Zimmer and Vangelis include Max Richter, Ludwig Goransson, and even Michael Giacchino. Don’t get me wrong - Williams is not bad - his pieces as standalone will always be the greatest pieces of modern classical, like my favorite being Schindler’s List’s theme. But they don’t add that texture that I crave for in a movie. Perhaps my favorite is Schindler’s List’s theme because it not only is a great piece of music but also is one of Williams’ piece that blends in perfectly for the movie’s setting. The one place I’d say European classical fits perfectly is a movie on 20th century European history
I understand your point, but still I think that what Williams created, even if it doesn't make sense, it gets me even more in the story, I don't think, you could have written Star Wars or Harry Potter any better🙌🏻
Interesting that while you mention "sci fi being orchestra" you only name John Williams soundtracks. Listen for example to Jerry Goldsmiths Planet of the Apes or Leonard Rosenmans Beneath the Planet of the Apes. Both are written for orchestra and both are for sci-fi films, but vastly different to anything John Williams would write.
I was playing around with this melody on an MPC searching for presets of what might be ‘close’ to modify to fit the scale - but found an existing preset - seems on it all notes of the scale can be found as “D Flamenco” D, D#, F, F#, G, A, A#, C A scale I am not used to - but hope this is helpful to someone….
We all grew up with certain films that defined our childhood. Harry Potter, Jurassic park, Star Wars or maybe a particular kind of film that one parent or guardian always loved to watch. For awhile I feared we might never have a new film like that, a new series for us and our children to appreciate and faun over. I am happy to say we finally have a new “Gem”…Dune
Such an awesome job breaking down the themes/score! Just a side note, consider enhancing your speech articulation a bit, it would massively improve our viewing pleasure. Keep it up!
Loire Cotler......your voice affects my whole being. I find words hard to describe how my muscles constrict & stretch, almost of their own volition. Thank You & Hubba-Hubba!
IIRC the reason why everything is orchestral is that George Lucas used Gustav Holst as a stand-in for the Star Wars soundtrack and liked it so much that he asked John Williams to produce something similar, which he did. Holst's "Mars" is basically Star Wars.
Yes. I really could sense how immensely different Dune Part 1 and 2 were to other sci-fi movies thanks to the music. It really created a completely different world and culture all on its own. Also, easily surpassing Lynch´s adaption.
The whole sound design in Dune is haunting, not only the soundtrack, there isn't a quiet moment, that being said the Hans Zimmer score sounds absolutely amazing in the cinema, it's an experience that will be hard to reproduce at home.
I wonder if i'm the only one who hears hans zimmer continuing the theme from dark phoenix into dune. I swear you can hear bits of almost every score he's ever made in each newer one, like from the rock to pirates to interstellar to dark phoenix, culminating in dune. i swear i hear common threads through all of them
Gladiator is woven in there too. But John Williams is the same way. When you listen to his stuff, you just know it’s him. Not a bad thing, the same can be said of vocalists and it’s not a complaint then.
The scale sounds minor because the modifications of the major scale creates two minor thirds (in sound if not in spelling) both of which have a leading tone so to speak.
0:31 ... wait wait wait! Cheap shot! Kubrick using Strauss, Khatchaturian and Ligeti for the 2001 soundtrack was genius!! That said Zimmer is also a genius!! I've enjoyed many of his soundtracks!! 6:04 ... impressive she can make her voice djent!! 8:22 .. well, I just played that chord sequence, Amaj to Dmin and was surprised I recognized it: Tool, "Sober"
I feel like a lot of the music that was tailor made for part 1 was pasted into similar sections in part 2 and didn't quite match as well. It doesn't have the same feeling as other motifs, e.x. when the hobbit/shire music plays as Bilbo leaves for his adventure in the first Hobbit movie, it is a different arrangement customized for that scene. In Dune p1 the sandworm theme that plays during the sandcrawler sequence fits perfectly, but it's used in other sandworm scenes in p2 and doesn't feel like it fits right. The music is still good, but it made a few parts feel less impactful to me.
I was disappointed by the lack of new music in part 2. It was still great, but the music in the first one was SO GOOD. I wanted to see those themes and motifs developed more as the story got more complex.
To answer Hans, about "european orchestral sounds, romantic period tonalities," well it's because the genre was built as a WESTERN phenomenon. Star Wars is the Hero with Many Faces ( roman mythological underpinnings.) One wouldn't expect a cultural creation from China to use Latino musical queues.
Not dissing Dune cause it's an amazing score and very well deserves an Oscar like the first movie, but Hans has done some shady stuff if you're a regular member of music forums like VI Control.
@@brianjungen4059a couple of examples: Hans Zimmer claimed that all the tracks in the Wonder Woman 1984 Sketches album were made completely from his samples. He even repeatedly said so on VI Control, when any musician in the orchestral sampling world can make out that the track 'In Love' has live strings. In fact, the album even credits those musicians. It is glaringly obvious when you compare it to the other tracks in the album as you can make out the quality of those samples (not that good) in the other tracks. Also, when someone pointed out the musicians credited in the album, Hans says that he sometimes chooses to give credits to his friends even if they don't perform in the album... Another nasty one is about the 'A League of Their Own' Soundtrack, where there are a lot of Jazzy pieces. And writing Jazz is not easy for someone who has not learnt and studied it well. We all know Hans is not well-versed in Jazz, so when he was questioned about a particular track, he claimed he had orchestrated and written everything. Further research and follow-up by a VI Control member shows that Hans hired Jazz Orchestrators like Ladd McIntosh to help orchestrate the Big Band Brass and Jazz parts. These are a few examples that I can remember. Hans is an incredibly talented guy, and I really love his soundtracks and his sound design and how he sets the mood with modern films, but it is incidents like this that make me not like the person very much. I am not sure what Hans gets by lying so blatantly about such things, given how prolific his filmography is. No one will question his talent or skill, or why he is Hollywood's most in-demand composer as of now if he admits that one of the tracks had a Live String Section... or he hired Jazz Orchestrators for 'A League of Their Own'. I don't know why he is so petty at times. But yeah, you asked for examples, and here they are. Please don't take this post as hate towards Hans. I love his music and I think Dune 2 certainly deserves an Oscar. I also love his previous work and this will not affect how I look at his music. It just leaves a sour taste in my mouth when I think of him as an idol.
@@thegreyinitiate3680Yeah, it's based on the theme of the fall of House Atreides in Part 1, first heard I think in "The Fall" and becomes more prominent in "Holy War". I really love how "Only I Will Remain" starts off with the theme from "A Time of Quiet Between the Storms" which is Paul's and Chani's love theme and ends on this sorrowful theme of Atreides downfall. It really sets up the feels in Dune: Messiah for those familiar with the book's arc.
The main theme is an almost exact copy of Johann Sebastian Bachs Choral "Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten" ("He who allows dear God to rule him", which fits the spiritual theme of the movie), BWV93. Please check out and tell me, Zimmer did not copy 1:1.
8:53 "Lesser artists borrow, great artists steal." (Stravinsky). John Williams took this to heart and stole from Stravinsky's Sacre ruclips.net/video/_PAZjKvl-CQ/видео.html
With Dune, it's not about how musically complex it is, but rather the sound design and emotional charge, which is on a higher level; Star Wars is much more complex by comparison, but very typically orchestral.
9:01 since no one guessed im gonna guess they were starting with an a minor harmonic scale and worked from that. Happy to be wrong and realize that my ears are broken.
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker I literally went through a bunch of scales and I think it’s a minor harmonic with c major on top and a few wild chords thrown in; It doesn’t make sense harmoniously but it does for setting like you were saying.
Ah, yes, the mystical "Neapolitan harmony" (major flatted II)❤ It's also the source of magic in the very beginning of the III part of "Tempest" sonata (№17) by Beethoven. By the way, the idea of this soundtrack being "non-European" is kinda stretched. The "Arabic scale" is actually a European invention. Authentic Arabic music uses quartertones and quite different rhythms and forms (and instruments/voices). But Zimmer, knowing what's best for his audience, uses ethnic elements as blocks in his otherwise romantic Western paradigm:) That's at least how I percieve it.
I like that they went with Arabic sounds for this movie. Some may say that it's too obvious, but that's the sound of the desert on this planet, going for something too alien would be puzzling and maybe disrespectful in a way, Frank Herbert novel was clearly inspired by that part of this world.
Which, of course, kind of rebuts Zimmer's odd statement there re 'Western music' being used in science fiction films when set in alien environments, insomuch as Dune is not set in the Middle East (despite that regions influence on Herbert's work), nor is it set now. (and Zimmer's soundtrack is most definitely a style in scoring that is of this time early in the 21st century)
@@theagg He said that orchestral western classical music is always used in space movies, and he didn't used that, so that part of his point stands, the part that doesn't complete stand is that it should sound different from this world.
@@airixxxx Well, not so simple as that. He was being somewhat generalising and dismissive about science fiction movie scoring of the past, in a way that gave the impression he wasn't aware that's just not the case historically. Heck, going right back to 1959, there was 'Forbidden Planet', with its 'electronic tonalities' score, courtesy of Louis and Bebe Barron sounding distinctly more otherworldly and alien that Zimmer I'd suggest. Likewise with Artimiev, when he used the ANS synthesiser to great effect for the soundtrack to 'Solaris'. Gil Melle used custom made electronic instruments for his score to 'The Andromeda Strain'. Bernard Herrmann's score for 'The Day the Earth Stood Still' being notable too. Plenty of 'alien' sounding science fiction scores then that predate Zimmer. So again, not sure why Zimmer, whether he meant to or not, ending up sounding a bit arrogant. Odd
The main theme is an almost exact copy of Johann Sebastian Bachs Choral "Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten" ("He who allows dear God to rule him", which fits the spiritual theme of the movie), BWV93. Please check out and tell me, Zimmer did not copy 1:1.
Love or hate him, Zimmer is the dividing line in the history of movie scoring, separating the earlier emphasis and complexity of harmony (and other traditional elements of composing) to an emphasis and complexity of timbre (and non-traditional aspects of composing).
100% agree, it will be interesting to see what the future of scoring movies will look like, imagine John Williams musical genius, combined with the skill of atmospheric sounds of Hans Zimmer😂
I mean, if you're going to ask why there would be Western classical music, you might as well ask why there would be standard A440 tuning and 12 notes tunes to equal temperment. Why isn't the Dune soundtrack microtonal by that logic? It just seems like a way for Zimmer to slag off John Williams, who is a hundred times as good a composer as Zimmer could ever hope to be. This is probably my favorite Zimmer score because the songs actually have structure and memorable themes. But they still pale in comparison to almost anything Williams has done. Williams' music is burned into our brain because he knew how to write a good theme. Zimmer's scores for Nolan try to get by on mere sound design.
The Blade Runner soundtrack of our time. If we don't count that in Blade Runner 2049 Zimmer already had given us the Blade Runner Soundtrack or our time.
I think the best antidote to Zimmer's flippant dismissal of the 'European orchestral sound' as being inappropriate for science fiction (Whereas he and his RFC sound are somehow superior) is just to take a quick tour through RUclips and look up live orchestral performances of say, Ligeti's 'Atmospheres' and 'Requiem II Kyrie' (There's a nice performance by Simon Rattle and the Berliner Philharmonie of 'Atmospheres' for example. Spot the use of brushes therein). No synths, no heavy processing. Pieces as used in 2001 and hardly 'romantic' but most definitely 'alien' and out there. Is Zimmer really that ignorant or just a bit egotistical ? Not sure and I'm speaking as someone who does enjoy a Zimmer score.
2:06 That's not Arabic; it's an Indian raga. In fact, this is the first thing taught to a student of Carnatic classical music. Its name is Mayamalava Goula. ---->ruclips.net/video/yCpcXjruc_0/видео.html
The soundtrack is great, but i still think that is doesn't beats Brian Eno and Toto's themes for Dune 1984; that soundtrack is soooo epic. That one has the dominant diminushed scale and lydian on many themes, also, some rock and new age vibe to it, which is so amazing. I love lydian themes.
It is very interesting to consider how the language, even basic vocabulary, of sci-fi movies evolved. Or regressed. The reasons are not purely musical nor creative, far from it. Let's think back to the first ever movie set entirely on an alien planet: The Forbidden Planet. It had a totally novel, revolutionary, entirely electronic score. Let's think back to how Vangelis was hired for the original Blade Runner and why. Why Tangerine Dream, Wendy Carlos, Klaus Schulze, etc. were hired from electronic soundscapes Universe to score films that have become reference points in cinema history. But then... let's remember how Hollywood producers and idiots (or combinations of both) regressed toward "conventional" scores... how even e.g. a fantasy film like Legend had its soundtrack by Tangerine Dream replaced by an orchestral one. The former was magical, otherworldly, the latter was... oh dear. Then decades later still some studios, some producers, and large sections of the public are boxed into this conventional way of thinking. So then... some produce orchestral scores for things that others, once upon a time, had the courage to discount as a solution and dared to go completely in the other direction. It is very sad that, no matter how masterful a Zimmer score for Dune might be and how it combines electronic processing plus ethnic instruments, in 2024 many can only think of this kind of soundtrack as the only possible and natural choice for a film (or films) like Dune. This is not evolution. Consider where we would be if we connected the dots from truly imaginative film music through the past almost 70 years... instead of thinking with parameters of neoclassical orchestral soundtracks. The only valid answer is that we could not imagine where we would be - indeed, we can't. Because we wasted decades and decades of blockbuster sci-fi movies scored with orchestral soundtracks. There is something perverse at work here, when Morricone and others could create never before imaginable sonic worlds with highly unconventional means in highly terrestrial and conventional subject area films (crime movies, westerns, thrillers) but we are supposed to be in awe about an orchestral score of a truly otherworldly sci-fi movie.
What movie Soundtrack do you prefer, Star Wars or Dune? Leave a comment🙌🏻
Dune 100%
@@edwarddunne6338Star Wars for Star Wars. Dune for Dune. Different story...different animal.
It’s heresy to compare Hans Zimmer to John Williams. John is an accomplished composer and master, Zimmer just throws things together and they work sometimes
@@JJ-zo7jv haha a very generic abstraction, and I am inclined to agree, but Hans does truly write epic, modern, hybrid film scores like no other. He can make simple music sound so cinematic and grand. I prefer John Williams over Hans, but it does take talent to do what Hans does so effectively.
Star Wars for me 😃
This is so Interesting what Zimmer says about european Orchestral Scores in science fiction. Because when John Williams scored Star wars it was the exact opposite. Sci fi movies had wierd modern electronic scores and stuff like that and the idea to Score the movie with more traditional romantic orchestral music was a new one. The idea was to ground the music in more familliar emotional teritorry because the visuals were already alien.
Now the Orchestral score has become the cliche for sci fi and thus Zimmer basically turns it around again. Thats funny.
I didn't knew that, and yes, this is actually very funny😂
Well, it doesn't really matter. Every sci-fi story which is interesting in any way is about humanity in its core.
@@conforzo okay yeah... but what has that to do with this now?
Yeah his attitude with that remark was weirdly pompous. Rubbed me the wrong way because I get his point and, trust me, I adore Dune’s sound… but also what Williams chose for Star Wars themes are just perfect. I don’t even want star wars to sound more “sci fi” whatever that really means.
2001’s soundtrack is also inarguably iconic. Listen to the scoring for Interstellar and tell me you don’t find aspects of it evocative of 2001. Then think about who scored Interstellar.
Imitation is the highest form of flattery, after all.
from a fourth-term music theory student, THIS is the way to drill down how zimmer writes music. he creates soundscapes, not symphonies. not to say that one is better than the other - i love his and zimmer's work equally for different reasons - but he is not a complex composer. he has a knack for perfectly capturing what the film *should* sound like. wonderful work!
On point my guy.
Which is all the more interesting when you go back to some of his older film scores like Lion King, or even Kung Fu Panda, which were all much more the standard orchestral approach.
Thanks for your kind words🙌🏻
I'd agree with the caveat that Zimmer's complexities are in a different area of music than what many classical composers are looking for. Sound design is massively important to electronica and soundscapes and can be extremely technical and complex, simply on a different axis than harmonic complexity. I'm just nitpicking a bit at your comment that Zimmer isn't a complex composer.
Also, a finalized simplicity does not mean that the process to get there wasn't complex. I'll cite minimalism as my point there :)
@@trevormoffat4054 the emphasis for why he writes the music so differently for science fiction is because we're not supposed to think about Earth while watching them.
On the other hand Kung-Fu Panda and The Lion King are clearly based as being on Earth (if not in this reality timeline - because we don't have talking animals lol). 😊
When I watched Dune Part 2 in the cinema my mind was blown and the soundtrack is my favourite movie soundtrack of all time! Hans Zimmer is and absolute genius in both part 1 and 2, and Dune part 2 is one of my favourite movies of all time!
Yeah. Despite having some problems with the plot, audio and visual parts are perfect
@@borshismewhat issues with the plot did you have?
The last 5 minutes of the movie after Paul does what he does have magnificent and somber music. "Kiss the ring" is my fave.
Dune Part 2 is, I think, only the second movie I’ve ever gone to see in theaters multiple times. I went to see it for a second time yesterday, (March 22nd) after seeing it opening weekend. I absolutely loved seeing it in theaters.
0:23 I’m torn because I do agree with Hans Zimmer on one hand it’s strange to hear something so Earthly in space (and beyond) however, I also know that John Williams score is one of the key components that elevated Star Wars above the synthesizer soundtracks of 70s and 80s sci-fi (it’s one thing that George Lucas specifically mentions in several interviews “the sound of Star Wars” help create that space opera atmosphere)
Totally agree💪🏻 I still prefer John Williams, Star Wars and Harry Potter are just two of the greatest pieces of music ever written in music, in my opinion
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker absolutely. John Williams is the second most Oscar nominated person in the world for a reason. A few more scores: Superman, ET, Jurassic Park, Jaws, Saving Private Ryan, Home Alone, Close Encounters..., Memoirs of a Geisha, Indiana Jones... And the list goes on and on.. Just incredible 😍
3:40 I always enjoy how the high D in the melody stays on D when the harmony shifts to Eb, becoming the maj7 of the new scale.
Exactly😂💪🏻
YES
The music and score in the 2nd movie was powerful, but nothing will beat that bagpipe scene in Dune Part 1. I never knew bagpipes could sound so epic!
I still don’t know
Hans Zimmerman has told us in interview that the bagpipes sound was created by Guthrie Govan on guitar. Hans has stated that Guthrie is the finest guitarist in the world.
Zimmer and Vilneuve took a very similar approach on Dune to what they did on Blade Runner 2049, where the score and sound effects blend seamlessly into the vast, oppressive soundscape. Listen to the track “Sea Wall” from Blade Runner 2049 - it’s quite ‘Duney’ with big intervals, drones, and pounding synths. Abrasive, yet eminently listenable. Masterful stuff.
Totally agree🙌🏻
I was thinking Dune reminded me of BR2049! Had no idea it was directed and composed by the same people!!!
Offhanded "My guitarist Guthrie Govan". Holy hells.
One of the most under rated guitarists. He played for Steven Wilson. The raven that refused to sing and hand cannot erase albums have some of the best guitar pieces.
I recently saw “Dune: Part Two” and I was in awe at how seamlessly the music blended in with the movie! 💬✨
The music for the film is so unique but so fitting simultaneously 🧩🎵
Totally agree for the first one, haven't seen the second one yet💪🏻
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker Ironically, I’ve only seen the second film and not the first 😭🎬
To your final point, I always put it like this: John Williams is for your lush neo-Romantic melodies and rich harmonies. Hans Zimmer is for your atmosphere and ambience-you immersion, if you will.
Yea, I don't mind Zimmer's approach... when Zimmer's doing it. But his more-sounds-less-music approach has opened the doors for a lot of pseudo-composers Hollywood is full of these days, who can't make anything as interesting as Zimmer, and can't put together even 20 seconds of a solid composition, which still is not even close to Williams.
Dune's harmony is Simple... Hans is all about making simple sound good. I think that's what differentiates Hans from the composers of yester years, the ones he throws shade at in the starting. Hans is excellent at taking simple ideas of Harmony and Melody and making it sound grand with Sound Design and Samples.. Whereas the other composers write more complex and interesting scores but use only the Orchestra at their disposal for the most part. I think there's skill and talent in both, and personally I'm always at awe at Composers like John Williams and how they make use of just an Orchestra to create such memorable and iconic scores.
I agree, I also still prefer John Williams, even if I love the Dune Soundtrack🙌🏻
To make the use of "just the orchestra" takes considerable skill.
The music in the 1984 Dune movie was good too, quite😊 ethereal
This is the māyāmālavagoula rāga in the karanataka classical Indian music. This scale is taught as the basic to any student who learns music
Yeah it's really wild that none of the youtubers I've seen cover Dune know this!
Highlights of Dune Music Score
- The Departure
- Sardaukar Chant
- Bagpipe
- Banshee screams
The Star Wars desert clip you played sounds like it was inspired by Holst. The Arabic scales of Dune fit very well with the Arabic influences of Herbert’s novel.
Went to see the film yesterday. That sound is a wall like a sandstorm.
I've been a film score nerd since I was like 11 years old, and wore the HELL out of my LPs of the Star Wars Holy Trinity by the Great John Williams.
I have to say, though that Zimmer's scores for Dune and Dune, Part Two are hands-down the most compelling, haunting, transporting, and transcendent sets of cues I've ever heard!
Thank you for a splendid video breakdown!
You're welcome, glad if you enjoyed it🙌🏻
Carl-Friedrich, I find your knowledge, skill, ability to communicate concepts within music - all are fantastic. I subscribed to you by about 3m30s. Thank you for this, I look forward to learning more from you! Thank you for making this video.
Thank you, this means a lot to me🙌🏻
More cowbell!
🤣🤣
Yes, …
ahhh i love you!! exactly how and what i have been looking for to learn / be inspired for
Thanks, you're welcome🙌🏻
Good video. Which Yamaha piano is yours? Sounds really good
The more I consider it… the more I become convinced that the reason why Dune 2 is a superb work, I dare say a masterpiece, is because it plucks those core heartstrings that Wagner was able to because it is, or at least attempts to be, a Gesamtkunstwerk. This is why Zimmerer’s soundscape is so potent.
This is a fantastic explanation, Gesamtkunstwerk as a term works perfect for the Dune movies, they (I've just seen the first one yet) are amazing pieces of art🙌🏻
This is such a great observation! I’m in design school, and familiar with the concept of gesamtkunstwerk; the Dune movies fit right into this term
Diana Ankudinova does a masterful version of Pauls Story. Mindboggle belting by a contralto prodigy just now going global. She performed this with a hans zimmer orchestra in petersburg recently. Amazing belting
Loved the video! Didn’t analyze “Kiss the ring” or the main theme of part 2
:( future vid??
Thanks🙌🏻 maybe😉
i love your harmonic analysis
Some of the music in Dune reminds me of some of the music that was used in Battlestar Galactica (2004) series.
There’s something very much like Dead can Dance and Lisa Gerrard in this.
I read her name in the credits in Under part 2, not sure if she was in the first movie.
Nice! Thanks for the video.
I see the recent tracks by Hans Zimmer like the score of Vangelis in Bladerunner. The soundscapes are accompanying the images to create these sensations of being in an other dimension.
in 5:07 he takes a wind instrument that I don't know how he names it, but to me it's very similar to a Catalan "gralla". They have funny described of our own weapons of mass (ear) destruction
la dolçaineta jajajaj
I’m going to play devils advocate here and actually agree with Zimmer on sci fi being orchestra. I’m a big sucker for classical music, so do I love sci fi. I also love Star Wars (was my first favorite saga in fiction), and Williams’ score is iconic in its own way. But hearing bombastic orchestra while is fun in a symphony concerto - doesn’t blend well with a sci fi movie. Jurassic park, Superman, Star Wars all have iconic scores but sound the same - I am never immersed in the sounds of the movie and they do little to create an atmosphere. What Zimmer has done with dune, and even blade runner 2049 - even other similar composers like vangelis in the original BR managed to do something Williams couldn’t. They created atmospheric music that really made the world alive. It made you feel that you were in that world… it added texture to the cinematography. Some more of my favorite soundtrack creators aside from Zimmer and Vangelis include Max Richter, Ludwig Goransson, and even Michael Giacchino. Don’t get me wrong - Williams is not bad - his pieces as standalone will always be the greatest pieces of modern classical, like my favorite being Schindler’s List’s theme. But they don’t add that texture that I crave for in a movie. Perhaps my favorite is Schindler’s List’s theme because it not only is a great piece of music but also is one of Williams’ piece that blends in perfectly for the movie’s setting. The one place I’d say European classical fits perfectly is a movie on 20th century European history
I understand your point, but still I think that what Williams created, even if it doesn't make sense, it gets me even more in the story, I don't think, you could have written Star Wars or Harry Potter any better🙌🏻
Interesting that while you mention "sci fi being orchestra" you only name John Williams soundtracks. Listen for example to Jerry Goldsmiths Planet of the Apes or Leonard Rosenmans Beneath the Planet of the Apes. Both are written for orchestra and both are for sci-fi films, but vastly different to anything John Williams would write.
After listening to just that first segment you shared, I think it sounds like the modern version of the 80s Dune soundtrack that Toto did.
What I’ve also noticed is while Paul’s theme up fairly upbeat there is a backround of darkness that pokes out at points. Just brilliant composing.
I was playing around with this melody on an MPC searching for presets of what might be ‘close’ to modify to fit the scale - but found an existing preset - seems on it all notes of the scale can be found as “D Flamenco” D, D#, F, F#, G, A, A#, C
A scale I am not used to - but hope this is helpful to someone….
Thanks🙌🏻
We all grew up with certain films that defined our childhood. Harry Potter, Jurassic park, Star Wars or maybe a particular kind of film that one parent or guardian always loved to watch. For awhile I feared we might never have a new film like that, a new series for us and our children to appreciate and faun over. I am happy to say we finally have a new “Gem”…Dune
Zimmer is such a genius, can name many impressive movie themes came from him
reminiscent of the soundtrack in the duel scene in Morricone's Once Upon a Time in the West especially for the electric guitar
Such an awesome job breaking down the themes/score!
Just a side note, consider enhancing your speech articulation a bit, it would massively improve our viewing pleasure. Keep it up!
Ok thank you for the advice🙌🏻
Loire Cotler......your voice affects my whole being. I find words hard to describe how my muscles constrict & stretch, almost of their own volition.
Thank You & Hubba-Hubba!
The scale is called double harmonid minor scale
Spoiler - the musician in 5:21 is actually Blanka from Street Fighter
IIRC the reason why everything is orchestral is that George Lucas used Gustav Holst as a stand-in for the Star Wars soundtrack and liked it so much that he asked John Williams to produce something similar, which he did. Holst's "Mars" is basically Star Wars.
Dune 1's soundtrack laid the foundation, Dune Part 2's Soundtrtack is the beauty of the building/structure. Such a movie Soundtrack.
Yes. I really could sense how immensely different Dune Part 1 and 2 were to other sci-fi movies thanks to the music.
It really created a completely different world and culture all on its own. Also, easily surpassing Lynch´s adaption.
Wow, I had no idea Guthrie Govan played in this soundtrack
what's the song at 7:00 called of dune part 2's score?? can't find it D:
The last song on the second movie's ost. 25. Lisan al Gaib.
I think you`re missing out on the 1984 music to Lynch`s take on Dune by TOTO.
Why would there be romantic classical orchestra music? Because the story is ultimately and always about humans.
My favourite Dune track is Herald of the change. Dune 2 has to be Arrival. Both very powerful tracks. Love Hans Zimmer music.
why is the cd not available yet
The whole sound design in Dune is haunting, not only the soundtrack, there isn't a quiet moment, that being said the Hans Zimmer score sounds absolutely amazing in the cinema, it's an experience that will be hard to reproduce at home.
I wonder if i'm the only one who hears hans zimmer continuing the theme from dark phoenix into dune. I swear you can hear bits of almost every score he's ever made in each newer one, like from the rock to pirates to interstellar to dark phoenix, culminating in dune. i swear i hear common threads through all of them
Gladiator is woven in there too. But John Williams is the same way. When you listen to his stuff, you just know it’s him. Not a bad thing, the same can be said of vocalists and it’s not a complaint then.
Totally agree💪🏻
That's why Hans Zimmer always sounds like Hans Zimmer. Recognizable
The scale sounds minor because the modifications of the major scale creates two minor thirds (in sound if not in spelling) both of which have a leading tone so to speak.
0:31 ... wait wait wait! Cheap shot! Kubrick using Strauss, Khatchaturian and Ligeti for the 2001 soundtrack was genius!! That said Zimmer is also a genius!! I've enjoyed many of his soundtracks!!
6:04 ... impressive she can make her voice djent!!
8:22 .. well, I just played that chord sequence, Amaj to Dmin and was surprised I recognized it: Tool, "Sober"
The only thing is they never used the bagpipes
:( the sound was great though
Love, love , love the Dune soundtrack!!
Oscar more than deserved
I feel like a lot of the music that was tailor made for part 1 was pasted into similar sections in part 2 and didn't quite match as well.
It doesn't have the same feeling as other motifs, e.x. when the hobbit/shire music plays as Bilbo leaves for his adventure in the first Hobbit movie, it is a different arrangement customized for that scene. In Dune p1 the sandworm theme that plays during the sandcrawler sequence fits perfectly, but it's used in other sandworm scenes in p2 and doesn't feel like it fits right.
The music is still good, but it made a few parts feel less impactful to me.
Yesss agreed. That definitely stood out to me in the film. Sound ssoooo good in part 1 but felt a bit forced in 2.
I was disappointed by the lack of new music in part 2. It was still great, but the music in the first one was SO GOOD. I wanted to see those themes and motifs developed more as the story got more complex.
I was digging the reuse of motifs. to me it helped to connect the two films in a more encompassing perspective.
Vivaldi chose the sound too for blade runner in the 80s to match the time and atmosphere perfectly
To answer Hans, about "european orchestral sounds, romantic period tonalities," well it's because the genre was built as a WESTERN phenomenon. Star Wars is the Hero with Many Faces ( roman mythological underpinnings.) One wouldn't expect a cultural creation from China to use Latino musical queues.
Lol it's just Hans being jealous of how John Williams can command the orchestra like he can't 😂
Not dissing Dune cause it's an amazing score and very well deserves an Oscar like the first movie, but Hans has done some shady stuff if you're a regular member of music forums like VI Control.
@@5ammy13such as?
@@brianjungen4059a couple of examples:
Hans Zimmer claimed that all the tracks in the Wonder Woman 1984 Sketches album were made completely from his samples. He even repeatedly said so on VI Control, when any musician in the orchestral sampling world can make out that the track 'In Love' has live strings. In fact, the album even credits those musicians. It is glaringly obvious when you compare it to the other tracks in the album as you can make out the quality of those samples (not that good) in the other tracks. Also, when someone pointed out the musicians credited in the album, Hans says that he sometimes chooses to give credits to his friends even if they don't perform in the album...
Another nasty one is about the 'A League of Their Own' Soundtrack, where there are a lot of Jazzy pieces. And writing Jazz is not easy for someone who has not learnt and studied it well. We all know Hans is not well-versed in Jazz, so when he was questioned about a particular track, he claimed he had orchestrated and written everything. Further research and follow-up by a VI Control member shows that Hans hired Jazz Orchestrators like Ladd McIntosh to help orchestrate the Big Band Brass and Jazz parts.
These are a few examples that I can remember. Hans is an incredibly talented guy, and I really love his soundtracks and his sound design and how he sets the mood with modern films, but it is incidents like this that make me not like the person very much. I am not sure what Hans gets by lying so blatantly about such things, given how prolific his filmography is. No one will question his talent or skill, or why he is Hollywood's most in-demand composer as of now if he admits that one of the tracks had a Live String Section... or he hired Jazz Orchestrators for 'A League of Their Own'. I don't know why he is so petty at times. But yeah, you asked for examples, and here they are.
Please don't take this post as hate towards Hans. I love his music and I think Dune 2 certainly deserves an Oscar. I also love his previous work and this will not affect how I look at his music. It just leaves a sour taste in my mouth when I think of him as an idol.
Wouldn't it be more creative to imagine music from a different land/time
5:34 - opening melody of The Simpsons. Almost. LOL
Female one is incredible followed by mysterious sounds
Does anyone know exactly where the music at 7:13 is taken from?
Nevermind, I found it 😂 “Only I Will Remain”
Sorry for being too late to reply😂
@@thegreyinitiate3680Yeah, it's based on the theme of the fall of House Atreides in Part 1, first heard I think in "The Fall" and becomes more prominent in "Holy War". I really love how "Only I Will Remain" starts off with the theme from "A Time of Quiet Between the Storms" which is Paul's and Chani's love theme and ends on this sorrowful theme of Atreides downfall. It really sets up the feels in Dune: Messiah for those familiar with the book's arc.
The main theme is an almost exact copy of Johann Sebastian Bachs Choral "Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten" ("He who allows dear God to rule him", which fits the spiritual theme of the movie), BWV93. Please check out and tell me, Zimmer did not copy 1:1.
8:53 "Lesser artists borrow, great artists steal." (Stravinsky).
John Williams took this to heart and stole from Stravinsky's Sacre ruclips.net/video/_PAZjKvl-CQ/видео.html
With Dune, it's not about how musically complex it is, but rather the sound design and emotional charge, which is on a higher level; Star Wars is much more complex by comparison, but very typically orchestral.
Greatest movie of the century… movies have only been a thing for a century
9:01 since no one guessed im gonna guess they were starting with an a minor harmonic scale and worked from that. Happy to be wrong and realize that my ears are broken.
Could be, I don't know😂
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker I literally went through a bunch of scales and I think it’s a minor harmonic with c major on top and a few wild chords thrown in; It doesn’t make sense harmoniously but it does for setting like you were saying.
It did blows my ear drums for sure
Ah, yes, the mystical "Neapolitan harmony" (major flatted II)❤
It's also the source of magic in the very beginning of the III part of "Tempest" sonata (№17) by Beethoven.
By the way, the idea of this soundtrack being "non-European" is kinda stretched. The "Arabic scale" is actually a European invention. Authentic Arabic music uses quartertones and quite different rhythms and forms (and instruments/voices). But Zimmer, knowing what's best for his audience, uses ethnic elements as blocks in his otherwise romantic Western paradigm:)
That's at least how I percieve it.
Guthrie Govan!!
basically caravan but slowed down.
Reminds me of silo theme song
Zimmer's musicians seem like such a cool bunch.
They seem crazy😂
@@Carl-FriedrichWelker The best ones always are 🤣
Oh lol that bit of star wars you played is just the rite of spring that's why it's complex lmao
I heard that too.
Best Picture of 2024
It is a similar approach to what Battlestar Galactica / Homeworld did!
Check out Diana Ankudinova's cover of one of the Dune's OST.
Cool 😎
I like that they went with Arabic sounds for this movie. Some may say that it's too obvious, but that's the sound of the desert on this planet, going for something too alien would be puzzling and maybe disrespectful in a way, Frank Herbert novel was clearly inspired by that part of this world.
Which, of course, kind of rebuts Zimmer's odd statement there re 'Western music' being used in science fiction films when set in alien environments, insomuch as Dune is not set in the Middle East (despite that regions influence on Herbert's work), nor is it set now. (and Zimmer's soundtrack is most definitely a style in scoring that is of this time early in the 21st century)
@@theagg He said that orchestral western classical music is always used in space movies, and he didn't used that, so that part of his point stands, the part that doesn't complete stand is that it should sound different from this world.
@@airixxxx Well, not so simple as that. He was being somewhat generalising and dismissive about science fiction movie scoring of the past, in a way that gave the impression he wasn't aware that's just not the case historically. Heck, going right back to 1959, there was 'Forbidden Planet', with its 'electronic tonalities' score, courtesy of Louis and Bebe Barron sounding distinctly more otherworldly and alien that Zimmer I'd suggest. Likewise with Artimiev, when he used the ANS synthesiser to great effect for the soundtrack to 'Solaris'. Gil Melle used custom made electronic instruments for his score to 'The Andromeda Strain'. Bernard Herrmann's score for 'The Day the Earth Stood Still' being notable too. Plenty of 'alien' sounding science fiction scores then that predate Zimmer. So again, not sure why Zimmer, whether he meant to or not, ending up sounding a bit arrogant. Odd
@@theagg I think he meant the big popular ones, 2001, Star Wars, Star Trek. The category where Dune is supposed to be.
The main theme is an almost exact copy of Johann Sebastian Bachs Choral "Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten" ("He who allows dear God to rule him", which fits the spiritual theme of the movie), BWV93. Please check out and tell me, Zimmer did not copy 1:1.
Nah, I don't think so, just because they both use the Phrygian half cadence, that's not enough, I don't think it's close🙌🏻
Reminded me of the piano intro in the Beethoven 2nd Piano Concerto, 2nd Mov more... but suuuch a different colour
i'm absolutely shure he used the yamaha cs80 synthesizer alot again in 2 and it should be!!
Love or hate him, Zimmer is the dividing line in the history of movie scoring, separating the earlier emphasis and complexity of harmony (and other traditional elements of composing) to an emphasis and complexity of timbre (and non-traditional aspects of composing).
100% agree, it will be interesting to see what the future of scoring movies will look like, imagine John Williams musical genius, combined with the skill of atmospheric sounds of Hans Zimmer😂
I mean, if you're going to ask why there would be Western classical music, you might as well ask why there would be standard A440 tuning and 12 notes tunes to equal temperment. Why isn't the Dune soundtrack microtonal by that logic?
It just seems like a way for Zimmer to slag off John Williams, who is a hundred times as good a composer as Zimmer could ever hope to be. This is probably my favorite Zimmer score because the songs actually have structure and memorable themes. But they still pale in comparison to almost anything Williams has done. Williams' music is burned into our brain because he knew how to write a good theme. Zimmer's scores for Nolan try to get by on mere sound design.
dune 1 was my favorite score of all time until dune 2 came out. I basically consider it one soundtrack to two movies with an intermission in between .
Harmony section sounds like moonlight sonata.
This girl's voice are amazing 🤩
The Blade Runner soundtrack of our time. If we don't count that in Blade Runner 2049 Zimmer already had given us the Blade Runner Soundtrack or our time.
Hans “ d minor” strikes again The main scale is really double harmonic minor. Used tons. One of my favorites
"I like writing in D..." If you know, ya know 😂
why tonality... and still uses toen chord relation introduced by semitonal movements. ok
Why don't you compare it to Vangelis, especially Blade Runner soundtrack? Which was real inspiration for BR 2049 and Dune soundtracks?
I don't know enough about music theory to explain why but Dune's soundtrack reminds me of Hades' soundtrack
Love Dune!
We should forget about the sound design eighter I could listen to just the thumper for 2 hours.
NIce vid Ned Stark.. i mean Carl 😅
The Dune Part 2 segment being analyzed seems very derivative from the ending music in Dune 1984.
I think the best antidote to Zimmer's flippant dismissal of the 'European orchestral sound' as being inappropriate for science fiction (Whereas he and his RFC sound are somehow superior) is just to take a quick tour through RUclips and look up live orchestral performances of say, Ligeti's 'Atmospheres' and 'Requiem II Kyrie' (There's a nice performance by Simon Rattle and the Berliner Philharmonie of 'Atmospheres' for example. Spot the use of brushes therein). No synths, no heavy processing. Pieces as used in 2001 and hardly 'romantic' but most definitely 'alien' and out there. Is Zimmer really that ignorant or just a bit egotistical ? Not sure and I'm speaking as someone who does enjoy a Zimmer score.
2:06 That's not Arabic; it's an Indian raga. In fact, this is the first thing taught to a student of Carnatic classical music. Its name is Mayamalava Goula. ---->ruclips.net/video/yCpcXjruc_0/видео.html
The soundtrack is great, but i still think that is doesn't beats Brian Eno and Toto's themes for Dune 1984; that soundtrack is soooo epic. That one has the dominant diminushed scale and lydian on many themes, also, some rock and new age vibe to it, which is so amazing. I love lydian themes.
It is very interesting to consider how the language, even basic vocabulary, of sci-fi movies evolved. Or regressed. The reasons are not purely musical nor creative, far from it. Let's think back to the first ever movie set entirely on an alien planet: The Forbidden Planet.
It had a totally novel, revolutionary, entirely electronic score. Let's think back to how Vangelis was hired for the original Blade Runner and why. Why Tangerine Dream, Wendy Carlos, Klaus Schulze, etc. were hired from electronic soundscapes Universe to score films that have become reference points in cinema history. But then... let's remember how Hollywood producers and idiots (or combinations of both) regressed toward "conventional" scores... how even e.g. a fantasy film like Legend had its soundtrack by Tangerine Dream replaced by an orchestral one.
The former was magical, otherworldly, the latter was... oh dear. Then decades later still some studios, some producers, and large sections of the public are boxed into this conventional way of thinking. So then... some produce orchestral scores for things that others, once upon a time, had the courage to discount as a solution and dared to go completely in the other direction. It is very sad that, no matter how masterful a Zimmer score for Dune might be and how it combines electronic processing plus ethnic instruments, in 2024 many can only think of this kind of soundtrack as the only possible and natural choice for a film (or films) like Dune.
This is not evolution.
Consider where we would be if we connected the dots from truly imaginative film music through the past almost 70 years... instead of thinking with parameters of neoclassical orchestral soundtracks. The only valid answer is that we could not imagine where we would be - indeed, we can't. Because we wasted decades and decades of blockbuster sci-fi movies scored with orchestral soundtracks.
There is something perverse at work here, when Morricone and others could create never before imaginable sonic worlds with highly unconventional means in highly terrestrial and conventional subject area films (crime movies, westerns, thrillers) but we are supposed to be in awe about an orchestral score of a truly otherworldly sci-fi movie.