How Plankton Created A Bizarre Giant of the Seas
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- Опубликовано: 9 ноя 2020
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At more than 2 meters long, Aegirocassis was not only the biggest radiodont ever, but it also may have been the biggest animal in the Early Ordovician. This bizarre marine giant may have only been possible, thanks to a major revolution among some of the tiniest organisms in the world.
Thanks to Franz Anthony (franzanth.com) and Ceri Thomas (nixillustration.com/) for their excellent radiodont illustrations featured in this episode!
And special thanks to Peter Van Roy for providing us with those excellent Aegirocassis fossils!
Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios: / pbsdigitalstudios
Super special thanks to the following Patreon patrons for helping make Eons possible:
Hillary Ryde-Collins, Facts Dinosaurs, Frida Coffey, YaBoiSam36, Matt D, Yu Mei, Colleen Troussel, Dan Ritter, Drew Hart, faxo, Gary Walker, Stephanie Tan, Minyuan Li, Ben Cooper, Olesya Mikulskaya, Robert Noah, Matt Parker, Heathe Kyle Yeakley, Jerrit Erickson, Jack Arbuckle, David Sewall, Anton Bryl, MissyElliottSmith, Zachary Spencer, Stefan Weber, Andrey, Ilya Murashov, Larry Wilson, Merri Snaidman, Marcus Lejon, Robert Arévalo, Todd Dittman, Betsy Radley, Laura Sanborn, PS, Philip Slingerland, John Vanek, Eric Vonk, Henrik Peteri, Jon Monteiro, James Bording, Miles Chaston, Michael McClellan, Jeff Graham, Maria Humphrey, Daisuke Goto, Hubert Rady, Gregory Kintz, Tyson, Chandler Bass, Joao Ascensao, Tsee Lee, Robert Hill, Anthony Callaghan.
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References: docs.google.com/document/d/1R... 
Наука
Lmao the thumbnail looks like a prehistoric Led Zeppelin album
Holy, Now that you mention it!
Well yeah, it was the album cover that the archaeologists are showing there.
IMPORTANT👏COMMENT👏
Now I want that to be an actual thing.
Radiodont is nice band name
When your car radio starts playing a song you hate:
Radiodont.
All I hear is radio gaga.
mademelol
Lol, will be a rare occasion, but im going to use this dad joke on someone.
Radio goo goo
But video killed the radiodont
Dem some big shrimps I tell you what
I dont know how to reply to this so here ya go
they sure are big huh?
@@anintellectual1637 I thought you were an intellectual 🤪
Come over to Australia, I'll slip an extra Aegirocassis on the barbie for ya!
You could make a helluva big pot of gumbo on one of them babies
I still miss hearing "and Steve" when they list out the Eonites, I hope he's doing well
Me too, maybe he'll be back next month
++++++
Where are you steve???
Where is Steve..
Is he okay? is he alright?
Ffffff
There are now 2 revolutions I have never heard of: Mesozoic Crab Revolution and the Paleozoic Plankton Revolution. Wow, now there’s one thing Mr.Krabs and Plankton have in common.
I’m just waiting for the sponge revolution
Time to found another band
You say you want a revolution? Well, you know.....
🤔 Wait a minute, this may be why both of them were created!
@@DardS8Br Well, there is this one video about earth's first unkillable animals 🤔
Seeing the thumbnail: "Is that a whale?"
After watching the video: "Ah, it's a lobster whale"
Whats interesting is that there are amphibian whales, crocodile whales, and mammal whales.
Hmmm im waiting for a whale type body of an avian
oh there are fish whales also
@@dengistkhan5364 I take it you would enjoy the book After Man: A zoology of the future?
@@dengistkhan5364 A whale size bird might just be impossible on Earth
@@default632 penguins could do it
"You'll never get my secret formuler"
Mr. Radiodonts
This joke makes canonical sense because radiodonts eventually became arthropods, and thus crabs.
If Hillenburg was still alive and still had control over the show, it seems like something he'd throw in there. Something about how even Krabs' and Plankton's ancestors were at it.
@@redeye4516 Radiodonts belonged to Arthropods and they went extinct - they didn't "become" anything, and especially not crabs. They are more like... long lost cousins?
“There’s just something about larger players gaining all their exp from grieving players in lower weight classes that just doesn’t sit right with me” - TierZoo
So what we've learned today is that these things, in fact, were NOT things that evolved into crabs
FAKE CRAB REEEEEEEEEE
Maybe that's why they're extinct, didn't follow the trend. Now, imagine a giant whale crab.
@@espvp SNIP SNAP *whalesong noises*
Not yet
@@espvp would their pincers have some sort of filtering mechanism instead of an outright offensive one? 🤔
(Sorry for the random question I’m actually trying to imagine them haha)
So a filter-feeding variant of anomalocaris was said to have been speculated and featured in a book on speculative zoology, only to be an actual thing.
Sounds like something from Dougal Dixon.
That's so cool.
Do you like dinosaurs
@@jadenamoako5731 ya
Who doesn’t like dinos
Ah, yes, my favourite british rock band: Radiodont. Author of classics such as Paranoid Arthropod.
The last time I watched this video I was eating smoked salmon on a bagel and now whenever I see Aegirocassis I connect it with the taste of smoked salmon.......
I bet that thing was tasty
@@LimeyLassen anything related to smoked is definitely delicious
Ah, sounds like you accidentally classically conditioned yourself! I too have often accidentally formed a permanent association with a memorable situation and a strong olfactory sensation.
My current favorite I formed last year would have to be baking spicy "chicken fries" while watching 90s toonami shows on a frigid winter night. Now whenever I see an older anime I immediately crave spicy chicken fries (specifically the aroma of baking the frozen ones at home), or vice versa. I also get the impulse to put on a sweater or blanket. The human mind is wild haha
"The Gentle Laborer shall no longer suffer from the noxious greed of Mr. Krabs!"- Comrade Squidward in solidarity with his fellow workers the plankton.
Been watching spongebob anime?
Underrated lmao
Plankton- Awaken my radiodonts
@@johndoherty487 ayayayaya
@Valkorion McEternalEmpireFace I know, the squidbob ship break up makes so much more sense in the manga. Though, i prefer the light novel personally
"While researchers are still debating what caused the plankton revolution..."
Plankton: taxes!
this is such an underrated comment
@@aguy01 Agreed.
So that's why the sea is essentially plankton tea?
@@MrAranton the sea is a giant soup. Its full of fish, plants and salt.
@@badideagenerator2315 But can there be a plankton revolution without a planton tea party?
I absolutely love how this channel always gives shout outs to other ecology or other pbs shows without any benefit to themselves. I've found so many awesome channels after hearing about them from pbs eons and it's just awesome :)
The connecting power of public broadcasting. Raises the tide for all ships.
That's the great thing about PBS! We need to protect and support it so future generations will always have access to such a great resource ❤
К тому, у неё такой приятный голос. Просто удовольствие.
I always feel like a time traveller when I am watching your channel. It was a very informative and visually impressive episode again. Thank you.
This is a weird thought, but surely the early Ordovician is the last era where you could wear a diving suit, leap in the ocean and win any fight with any creature. I mean, there’s no sharks, killer whales or ichiosaurs or whatever.
You would lose the fight with the atmosphere tho
@@Its_Me_Romano True.😔
Damn it @@Its_Me_Romano .
*Shuts off time machine *
@@Its_Me_Romano Didn't they mention a rise in oxygen thanks to the phytoplankton?
Thanks for acknowledging native lands
The way that filter-feeders sometimes get so huge is amazing to me. It's like they turned hunting into a statistical exercise. A cheetah for example, either catches its prey or misses it entirely. 0% or 100% success. But a filter-feeder can catch anything between 0% and 100%. The cheetah eats like a king or not at all. A modest filter-feeder eats like a cobbler, but it does so every single day. Combine that with lots more food, and you're eating like a king every single day.
Quite similar to plant eating animals then I think right? They also mostly eat big amounts throughout the day and are basically constantly eating
Thats why they get so huge. Whale shark is genius.
@@bongo2282 yup! thats always been my thought as well. If you eat meat you get to spend less energy on digestion of course, but a herbivore? your food doesnt run, and if theres alot of it in a area because noone else eats it yet its just basically asking to sit down in your range and get humongous. All you gotta do is figure out what funky digestive method youre gonna go with (4 stomachs like a cow, feeding off the bacteria in your gut for protein while feeding the bacteria the plants like a gorilla, etc.)
A cobbler? You mean like the pie?
@@walrusArmageddon A shoemaker. It eats a humble diet.
I was so hangry until I clicked on this video, and hearing your voice instantly changed my mood. I love this channel, and I want to give everyone who works on it a giant hug.
“These jokes are so funny! Hahahah...” *dying inside*
That animal almost looks like a spaceship, I never knew anything on earth looked like that. I think that's what I really love about this series, sure there are all the popular animals like dinosaurs and Eocene mammals, but it's also one of the few series on RUclips that can show me things about life that genuinely surprise me, and that's awesome.
We actually had an internal "That looks like a Star Destroyer" chat on Slack about this :D
Underwater creatures really look like alien forms
I instantly thought the same thing, it looks like those weird spaceships that adorned the cover art of paperback science-fiction novels in the 1970's
Anomalocaris was once thought to be 3 different organisms, but it turned out to be 3 parts of one animal.
Reminds me of that metaphor about 3 blind men trying to identify an elephant.
One was feeling the trunk, and concluded "ah, l know. It's a snake"
One was feeling a leg, and concluded "ah, l know. It's a tree trunk"
One was feeling the sides, and concluded "ah, l know. It's a wall"
Really shows how mistaken you can be when you don't have all the information, and make your judgement too early.
4th blind man: "I found another snake!"
@@Jx_- 😨
@@Jx_- 5th blind man: "I found a tunnel!"
@@Jx_- 1st normal man: "bruh"
"Anomalocaris was the largest predator of the Cambrian seas."
what about my man Omnidens?
It'll get more popular if they find more than its mouth.
Anomalocaris seemed so much bigger in walking with monsters it really hits home now how small those fish were next to it
@@Kristjan0209 Because they scaled the Chinese A.saron up to ELEVEN TIMES its actual size to match an as of yet unnamed fragmentary fossil from Australia.
Being large like that also provides an advantage of being too big for most predators, so rather than spending energy on fleeing and requiring the ability to move quickly which would only be useful for a suspension feeder as an escape mechanism, they can just sit there and keep eating. This is also a huge part of why suspension feeders like basking sharks and baleen whales are often the largest members of their clades. Perhaps Aegirocassis became larger as part of an evolutionary arms race against a currently unknown (or maybe known) apex predator that evolved around the same time.
"Why wouldn't these creatures just get larger over time?"
Because they're arthropods. They likely had hemolymph instead of blood, which significantly impacts the size of the creature. It becomes extremely difficult for them to move if they're too big when compared to oxygen available in the environment, and iirc the oceans weren't particularly oxygen-rich at the time. A giant filter-feeder doesn't have to really do much more than float around, though, so it doesn't NEED to be capable of moving quickly, so that downside of hemolymph wouldn't really affect them as much.
...At least, I think that makes sense. Having typed this comment out, I feel like it's definitely grossly oversimplifying things, assuming it's correct. There are people who know more about this than me who'll correct me though, probably.
Also very oversimplified: They have exoskeletons. Those are also quite a challenge for growing big.
@@horatiuscocles3399 Not in the sea
@@pepesylvia848 Ever ate some shrimps or lobster?
@@horatiuscocles3399 have you ever struck a snare drum, or jumped rope?
Way to chicken out, Agi! You had everyone on their toes
Man, I love Radiodonts and the idea of a giant crustacean whale sounds amazing!
Keep up with the great work, Eons team!
Giant Crustacean Whale is the name of my new band
Its a technicality but radiodonts were stem arthropods that diverged earlier forming two rows consisting of finlike flaps and finlike legs. True arthropods are defined by the fusing of the swimming flaps/fins with their legs to produce far more robust limbs at the cost of the ability to swim. So radiodonts while closely related to true arthropods represent a sister group to the true arthropods that adapted for life in the water column above the seafloor rather than living on the seafloor. So they definitely aren't crustaceans as those are a subgroup of arthropods.
Another excellent video. Thank you for continuing to acknowledge the indigenous peoples whose lands these fossils have been found on.
Huh? Why does that matter...?
Plankton will do anything for the Krusty Krab recipe.
"You and what army Plankton?"
"What army? What army! HAHAHAAHAHA"
You're planting grass?
@@axelsantanah.7900 GRASS?! HAHAHAHAHA
Uh-oh...
This channel has help me discover my love for paleontology, only to find out that my country doesn't offer proper education under that topic at any universities :(
No worries - you can easily get into professional paleontology with a university degree in geology or biology. You don't actually need a paleontology degree, at least at bachelor/undergraduate level. Once you're at Master's/Ph.D level, you can choose to specialise into something closer to paleontology. But even for those post-bachelor degrees, many of them aren't paleontology, but rather "evolution", "evolutionary ecology", "systematics", "paleobiology"...
If you have any other questions about getting into professional paleo, just ask. :)
As someone currently doing graduate work in paleobotany, getting a good feel for geology and some biology experience (like a geo major and bio minor though I don't know how your countries academic stuff works exactly is a great set up for this sort of thing. Heck even at the graduate level (Masters/PhD) often you'll see people's degrees labeled geology, geobiology, paleobio, etc and not "Paleontology". Basically paleo is a diverse field so often it doesn't have a clear path to it.
@@christianv-h3278 are you a palaeontologist ? If yes how is it
@@christianv-h3278 Thank you so much for the optimistic response, I'll look a bit more into it
With an earth sciences/geology or biology bachelor you can easily get into paleontology. Earth sciences with a focus on sedimentary geology, stratigraphy, biogeology and/or paleoceanography (there's a lot of overlap between those fields) would be ideal. In my earth sciences bachelor there were only two specific paleontology courses and that was perfectly fine. I'm a biogeologist/paleoceanographer, so I look at the ocean throughout geological history. During my studies I mostly looked at sedimentary rocks and microfossils, but now I mostly do modelling. I do know several people who did almost exactly the same bachelor as me that got into actual paleontology (like literally digging up a T-rex, haha).
Vid: educational
Comments: "dam those some big shrimp I tell you what"
I wanna thank you for the strange and unconventional size comparisons, as it's easier to visualize and make real in the mind "about the size of a shoebox" than some numbers. At least for me, anyway! Thanks!
PBS answering more questions I don't even know existed. I'm thankful tho.
“Planktons are such tiny and insignificant organisms.”
- Carbon Dioxide levels drop -
Plankton: *NOT WHEN I SHIFT INTO MAXIMUM OVERDRIVE*
Wait i don't understand plankton removes carbondioxide right
I read that in a certain plankton's voice
@@divat10 phytoplankton (the phyto- means plant) does photosynthesis, yeah - converting CO2 and water into sugar and oxygen!
@@divat10 I think hes saying it won't happen unless the plankton shift into maximum overdrive
I knew I should've gotten the turbo
I love how you recognize the people's lands and cultures where the fossils were discovered, like you do on a lot of your videos. It's respectful to these people and informative to us! 8:35 for those who didn't understood about what I'm talking about.
I love the notes about indigenous peoples you guys started putting in to the vids, the first one I saw made me cry from discomfort/confusion with how happy it made me. *audible sobs were had
An an entire episode dedicated to my favorite fossilized friends, the radiodonts.
Yes, this is a wonderful day.
*Sees title*
I don’t remember this episode of Spongebob.
Rofl! xD
It's a cross over with Jojo's show, it’s quite bizarre!
@Alt Eisen they found Plankton's stand
So grateful for that message at the end. I love this show and watch it often. To have that acknowledgment about tribal lands is amazing. Thank you!
The should have added "these fossils would have been destroyed if found by the inhabitants or more likely never discovered and acknowledged as something of importance for the history of our world in the first place. Thankfully they where found and rescued from the savage lands"
Mr. Krabs now must be pretty happy about what is Plankton's doing right now, y'know after attempting millions of tries in getting the Krabby Patty's secret formula. Mr Krabs is feeling it. He's feeling it right now Mr. Krabs.
"They kinda looked like lobsters!"
Emphasis on Kinda...
Lots of Spongebob references in these comments. Makes me wonder what the Cambrian equivalent of each character would be like. Ironically Spongebob himself would be exactly the same.
That's the beauty of nature. Dont need to change stuff if it's damn effective. Like sharks and crocodiles.
Except Sandy would be an empty space.
@@brianjensen5661 if we were in the Permian, sandy could be a gorgonopsid.....
The have an episode on cephalopods if you want to know how Squidward's great... grandparents looked like
Patrick wouldn't change much either l guess
IS STEVE OK? He wasn't mentioned at the end. I hope it's not covid related.
It’s not the same without him.
Caught me off guard. Where is our boi Steve??
right? where's 'and steve'?
He hasn't showed up for a while now :(
Costs $150 a month to be an eontologist. Which isn't much as a one-off, but adds up really fast. I'm surprised Steve kept it up this long, since I'm pretty sure he's not a millionaire (millionaires always seem to get off on being recognized for their "philanthropy" - but that's my bias).
1:25 It's carrying a newspaper.....
I love how she says "tiny"
“What army? WHAT ARMY? LOOK AROUND YOU KRABS!”
You plant grass?
@@sergegarabiles7754 grass ?!
*HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA*
Wow, this was the most complex Eons I've seen in a while, I had to actively listen to keep all the details together 😁
ikr i usually listen to these when im doing something else (on 1.5) or trying to sleep (normal speed) but i had to slow this down to really listen. reminds me why i love this kind of stuff, you want to answer one random question and you find out a million cool things
I thought I was the only one who struggles to understand all the stuff Eons says 😂 and it's even harder when English is not your first language
Would be cool to see the artistic render including a scuba diver next to it lol! Geez thats a huge critter!
Y'all have done it again. So much information in a short period of time.
"How Plankton Created A Bizzare Giant Of The Seas"
Jeez man he really seems to be angry at Mr. Krabs
The last time I was this early Steve was still on the eontologists roll call. Aww, I miss Steve.
I was just thinking about Steve. I hope he's ok.
@@adamolupin me too! my first thought was he might be having financial troubles...steve @ me bro i will venmo you the money just to see your name on the screen
@@emmettbattle5728 Or a GoFundMe! I bet there're a few of us who'd chip in so he can be an Eontologist again.
There should be an "And Steve Award" on patreon for the highest/longest donor.
When was Steve's last video?
Haven’t been this early since the Devonian Period
Back when RUclips was at its best
Love this video, the presenter has such an infectious enthusiasm for us to learn more about these interesting creatures!
thank u for the land acknowledgment at the end💗
Wellcome to the eons comments, we have:
-Crab jokes
-Spongebob references
-Cali's puns
also there is where steve
That thing looks like something the enterprise might encounter in the middle of space.
"everything is bizarre until it has been discovered for long enough..."
-me 5 seconds after reading the title
I appreciate how your vids get right into it. No fluff.
Love your content; it never fails to give me a new perspective on how life evolved
Thank you for crediting the original sources ❤️❤️❤️
Earth: yeah I like to order a boneless whale. 🐋
So a Shark
@@cowboymice jawbones tho
Me: I wonder what dinosaurs look like?
PBS Eons: "PLANKTONS!"
Lol 😂😂
vertebrates are overrated
Check out Your Dinosaurs Are Wrong!
@@SpiffierShindigs What the .............no I give up
I love Aegirocassis! Always been my favourite extinct species
Also STEVE NOO
Wow... great episode! Im gonna have to watch it twice!
0:21
So THAT's where Subnautica got the shadow leviathan from.
That's what I first thought when I saw itt
Love that in my attempt to use an educated guess about what this video is about I exclaimed, out loud; "Oh! The filtery bois?"
I find the Cambrian period fascinating! I'm glad you guys have done many videos on them!
Great job - I thoroughly enjoyed this video.
I love this channel. I love all your videos. This channel is making me interested in topics I never thought existed.
Yay finally an episode on radiodonts! I've loved them ever since I learned of them as a child!
What happened to Steve?! D:
heaps cool , thank you , always learning new stuff drives me :)
Great video! Thanks!
They remind me of the lobstrosities from the Dark Tower series by Stephen King.
Oh that's just not what I wanted to think about today lol
Planton: *points to literally every fish
I raised that boy
*Plankton
@@advaymohan943 sorry your right
@Bertong Badtrip look at your username
Awesome love work put into the video
nice message at the end about indigenous people... kudos, pbs eons
"They grew larger and became solid by the end of the period." - That's what she said.
BTW, what happened to Steve!?
They gave him a special shoutout a few episodes ago when they said he was going to stop being a patreon, but they didn't say why
Steve is in the spirit world
From my understanding Steve no longer can support Eons as an eontologist as its quite a bit money wise.
They?????
3:31 German technology is getting out of hand! The blimp is way to powerful!
Is this a
*JojO rEFreNcE?*
@@konnosx1213 no...this time it isn't.
Kirov reporting.
@@LazyLoonz its a yes
This blimp is just size of an human
Amazing find!
Aegirocassis: *doesn‘t exist*
Plummeting global ocean temperature levels: „i‘m about to make this man‘s whole career“
last time I've been this early, anomalocaris was still swimming
Damn you! I was gonna say that!! 🤣🤣
Just keep swimming, just keep...oh wait
@@hunterc626 sorry mate =)
I am early and I am only 12 but have been a huge fan for 2 years. Thank you for the amazing content!
I love that you're getting into these subjects at a young age! Keeping your curiosity lifelong will only benefit you.
Her delivery is remarkable. She should get a promotion.
I've been looking really hard for a video on the origin of the cell nucleus and I just can't find one. I know it's an area that's fairly unclear even now but it seems super interesting, do you think you could look into covering it? Thanks for making such high quality video so consistently, you're channel has been a life saver for me during lockdown.
I just love learning how the earth constantly changes every sooo many millions of years, life has been changing and restarting over and over and we have so much we don’t know about life of all forms. I love it!
Just yesterday I thought about if eons would upload again soon,
In an era of "top 10 most extreme spiders" these videos are a godsend. Ty for the content.
I like the colorful rendition and these are some nice inspiration for ttrpg monsters. Hovering transportation.
This is why I want to become a marine biologist. The ocean and it's inhabitants both living and extinct are extremely fascinating to me.
This will be a new Pokemon if not already.
I love the indigenous people's contribution shoutout at the end of the video!
Props to PBS for the disclaimer acknowledging the fossils found on indigenous land at the end :)
People: commenting seven minutes ago
Video: posted three minutes ago
we time travilin' mate.
@@cherryred603 is that a Jojo reference
My pizza is done. PBS uploaded a new video. My body is ready. Let's go.
We are so lucky we have the knowledge capacity to learn about our earths past. So much beauty
Host does a great job!
Shrimps then : I swam in the ancient oceans before humans even existed
Shrimps now : I give you money smol shark please say my name
"A"
P 👀🖐🏿🖐🏿💄🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿🖐🏿👀🎲🎲🍡😁😄😋🤨😏😕😏🤣🙃🤣🏅🏵😆🎗👩🤣🤣🍟💒📀🎆🌌🧿🏵💒
@@MohamedMohamed-ox9dx i had stroke
For the past few days, I've been really brushing up complex life through the early Paleozoic (Radiodonts being one of the main ones after learning about Aegirocassis)
You can really imagine my surprise and excitement when I saw Eons making a video on this topic... Christmas really came earlier this year!
Love these videos! I would love to see some more plant content.
Basically small Cambrian whale. Cool! I love biology.
Thanks for the introduction to Bizarre Beasts. Gonna go check it out right now.
Love how you guys started including the names of the indingenous people who's lands these amazing discoveries were made on.