When Giant Scorpions Swarmed the Seas
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- Опубликовано: 1 апр 2019
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Sea scorpions thrived for 200 million years, coming in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Over time, they developed a number of adaptations--from crushing claws to flattened tails for swimming. And some of them adapted by getting so big that they still hold the record as the largest arthropods of all time.
Thank you to these paleoartists for allowing us to use their wonderful illustrations:
Franz Anthony: 252mya.com/gallery/franz-anthony
Ceri Thomas: / alphynix
Lucas Lima: 252mya.com/gallery/lucas-lima
Julio Lacerda: 252mya.com/gallery/julio-lacerda
Nobu Tamura: spinops.blogspot.com/
Produced for PBS Digital Studios
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References:
Braddy, Simon J., Richard J. Aldridge, Sarah E. Gabbott, and Johannes N. Theron. "Lamellate book-gills in a late Ordovician eurypterid from the Soom Shale, South Africa: support for a eurypterid-scorpion clade." Lethaia 32, no. 1 (1999): 72-74.
Braddy, Simon J., Markus Poschmann, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Giant claw reveals the largest ever arthropod." Biology Letters 4, no. 1 (2007): 106-109. royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
Brezinski, David K., and Albert D. Kollar. "Reevaluation of the Age and Provenance of the Giant Palmichnium kosinskiorum Eurypterid Trackway, from Elk County, Pennsylvania." Annals of Carnegie Museum 84, no. 1 (2016): 39-45.
Briggs, Derek EG, and WD Ian Rolfe. "A giant arthropod trackway from the Lower Mississippian of Pennsylvania." Journal of Paleontology (1983): 377-390. www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1304...
Elliott, David K., and Michael A. Petriello. "New poraspids (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Early Devonian of the western United States." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31, no. 3 (2011): 518-530.
Lamsdell, James C., and Simon J. Braddy. "Cope's Rule and Romer's theory: patterns of diversity and gigantism in eurypterids and Palaeozoic vertebrates." Biology Letters (2009): doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0700
Lamsdell, James C., Simon J. Braddy, and O. Erik Tetlie. "Redescription of Drepanopterus abonensis (Chelicerata: Eurypterida: Stylonurina) from the Late Devonian of Portishead, UK." Palaeontology 52, no. 5 (2009): 1113-1139.
Legg, David A. "Sanctacaris uncata: the oldest chelicerate (Arthropoda). "Naturwissenschaften 101, no. 12 (2014): 1065-1073.
Manning, P. L. and Dunlop, J. A. “The respiratory organs of eurypterids.” Palaeontology, 38, no. 2 (1995): 287-297.
McCoy, Victoria E., James C. Lamsdell, Markus Poschmann, Ross P. Anderson, and Derek EG Briggs. "All the better to see you with: eyes and claws reveal the evolution of divergent ecological roles in giant pterygotid eurypterids." Biology letters 11, no. 8 (2015): 20150564.
Poschmann, Markus, Brigitte Schoenemann, and Victoria E. McCoy. "Telltale eyes: the lateral visual systems of Rhenish Lower Devonian eurypterids (Arthropoda, Chelicerata) and their palaeobiological implications." Palaeontology 59, no. 2 (2016): 295-304.
Selden, P. A., and John David Lawson. "Eurypterid respiration." Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 309, no. 1138 (1985): royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
Tetlie, O. Erik. "Distribution and dispersal history of Eurypterida (Chelicerata)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 252, no. 3-4 (2007): 557-574. pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6434...
Vrazo, Matthew B., and Simon J. Braddy. "Testing the ‘mass-moult-mate’hypothesis of eurypterid palaeoecology." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 311, no. 1-2 (2011): 63-73.
Whyte, Martin A. "Palaeoecology: a gigantic fossil arthropod trackway." Nature 438, no. 7068 (2005): 576. 
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Hi everyone! Thanks for the heads up about the flash frames in the video. The issue appears to have resolved on its own? I hope you were still able enjoy this video about these enormous and terrifying arthropods. -Seth
When you mention sea spiders at the end I presume you are referring to pycnogonids. However you showed an image of a true crab, the Arrow Crab.
PBS Eons well, I’m not seeing any flash frames so it’s probably gone.
PBS Eons Everything looks great to me! Awesome work as always (:
Can you do Brontoscorpio?
I was just about to comment on it - saying that I, too, would like to thank Audible for the jumpscares - when the first upload was taken down. 'S what I get for trying to be funny.
When the names of these animals and groups start to sound familiar, you know that you are watching the proper amount of PBS Eons videos.
No one has ever spokem more true words pal
and also watched too many walking with series
How do they know all if this information
@@hardwrkmadesimple1036 ... its called science...
Perfect comment.
Me : I wonder what it would be like to live in the past.
PBS : Giant Scorpions. . . .
David Gonzalez +
@Dan Ryan gaint scorpions lived in the sea. Not something you would come across.
@Dan Ryan perfect
I think in walking with monsters there was this 3 meter long centipede.... like dude wtf.... even horror movies couldnt make this up😂 im happy living now and the most dangerous animals in my country (holland) are seagulls
@@DutchBane I to live in Holland, I live in the province flevoland
Old Ocean Roomba: Hibbertopterus
New Ocean Roomba: Horseshoe Crab
I love ocean Roombas.
Horseshoe crabs evolved long before Hibbertopterus actually. So you could say that the oldest ocean roomba is the only ocean roomba left today.
@@juanjoyaborja.3054 Horseshoe crab's wacky cousin
Horseshoe crabs are older than hibbertopterus
Any idea about the rise of snails? I never see or hear anything about them.
ChefWonders +
They just kind of came out of nowhere..... not an arachnid or cephalopod or vertebrae, what are they?
@@BragoTHEgraviyKING molusc
@@BragoTHEgraviyKING Snails belong in the phylum group of mollusks. These groups also include the cephalopods (octopus, squid, and cuttlefish). Eons briefly talked about this in one of their older episodes. Just in case you were wondering. :)
A rise of snails? Hasn't happened yet.
I love Eurypterids. I bought a shirt with a Eurypterid on it and it's my favorite shirt ever. It says "I left my heart in the Silurian" on it.
Where did u bought it? Would ve amazing to have one!
@@Kuwagumo 252mya probably, they haves lots of neat prehistory stuff.
09:48 Lying low and avoiding competition is an underrated survival strategy.
because living creature(or at least on earth) tend to resort in violence
its how i live my life 😭😂
Honestly, I'm so glad this channel exists! It's just a wonderful experience to learn things about extinct animals that I couldn't even imagine. I just hope that this channel grows larger and larger.
Even though this is quite new, Eons is the best PBS has to offer, in my opinion.
Space Time channel is also of top quality: ruclips.net/channel/UC7_gcs09iThXybpVgjHZ_7g
Got to say I never read (or rather skimmed) such a long reference list as in this video. Real science heads.
SpaceTime in my opinion
Same, this channel is GOLD
I like spacetime but this is honestly more interesting, probably because we know more about natural history than space.
Why do people that comment on these PBS videos sound like paid comments. Either that or you're all like 80 years old
🐨Could you do a video on the ice age mega fauna of Australia and what caused them to die out? Wombats the size of cars, giant koalas and echidnas are every bit as interesting as “traditional” ice age mammals but so little discussed
I think they have done a video on Megalania, the giant monitor lizard from Australia?
Giant koalas sound adorable!
Julie Fennel I feel we need to go back in time to hug these giant koalas 😂
@@annesynan1725 Just don't dress up as a eucalyptus leaf.
and the creodonts as well
It must suck to have completely min/maxed a sea scorpion build just to have to re-roll after the Great Dying server wipe.
They were too OP. And the following update was a complete mess, too many builds trying to be too many things.
It's even worse now. The human build has basically taken over the game, making it unplayable for many players. I hope they nerf humans soon.
Do I detect some TierZoo players here?
The synergy between this channel and Tierzoo is incredible
@michael werneburg
I don't know, man. The humans have managed to hack the game to increase spawn rates of crops like corn.
Finding a eurypterid fossil was the holy grail when I was in college. I'd trade every trilobite, brachiopod, and ammonite I ever found for one decent eurypterid. Alas, it was only ever legs and tails for me. Great video as usual
The Silurian period seems like the shortest and least discussed period in time. I'd love to learn more about the paleontologists define periods of time.
Geologists usually define geologic time blocks (pick whichever unit you want to use) by large die-offs/extinction events or sometimes planet-wide changes in conditions like atmospheric O2/co2 content or temperature...
MOST IMPORTANT:
1. The disappearance of huge amounts life across an immense swath of species, genera or even families from the fossil record
and/OR
2. the appearance of new life en masse (especially with few to no transition forms before the disappearance of the other lifeforms) or the vast expansion in numbers and diversity (and usually size depending on the amount of 02 available for animals) of a pre-existing but previously marginalized or geographically limited species/genus/family. This tended to lead to the wholesale extinction of competitors, e.g. the devonian/age of fishes
The species not killed off by an extinction event filled the empty niches left by the dearly or not so dearly departed creatures which allowed the leftovers to diversify, specialize and sometimes get bigger (not necessarily to gigantic proportions, but sometimes - depending the circumstances of a given event). Finding indicators of what caused the extinction event, like unbelievably huge deposits of basalt or glacial til/scarps/valleys or a globe encompassing continuous layer of iridium and burnt material/ash or tectonic activity like extensive orogeny or continent break-ups that coincide with the disappearance of life, is just a huge bonus.
Well, Doctor Who seems to have a a lot of history with them......
It's a fascinating period to be sure. If the Devonian is the age of fish, the Silurian is to a big extent the age of sea scorpions. If I recall correctly, one chapter of Walking with Monsters took place in the Silurian.
Please make a video about the giant terrestrial crocodilomorphs that roamed gondwana, their extinction and it relation with the gondwana breake up!!!!!!!!!!!
Postosuchus?
Yes!
I would appreciate a general rundown of crocodile evolution. From crocodylomorphia(and maybe other more basal crurotarsi) to todays salties and gators.
yesyesyes
Your probably thinking of the archosauromorph, more specifically, rauisuchian, like postosuchus and such. They weren't per say crocodilomorph, more like a sister group
Kiemenplaten translates to Gill Plates in English.
Yep
@Bob H Pill Gates
Dutch, is that correct?
@@Zalidia probably german
@@mitlanderson Yeh ur right
It's about time I saw a presentation that clearly explained the large distinction between sea scorpions and the modern land scorpions. I had not even found this in books. Thank you.
Placoderms: We made the number of Eurypterines decline with 50% over 10 millions of years"
Humans: Hold my beer!
Canal Ten Thousand A giant fricking asteroid : I made the number of all land vertebrate species to decline 99% over about a handful of millennia
Humans : hold my beer
@@nathanjora7627 Hold my fire
@@sjonnieplayfull5859 Hold my carbon dioxyde
Hold my spear
Human: hold my plastic
**Sea scorpion sees it's food and friends climbing on land.**
Sea Scorpion: I can do that too!
**DIES**
its
Can you try to tell the origin of the bat, please? Thank you 👍
one day, mice decided they wanted to fly. behold: bats
@@berengerchristy6256 maybe some bats decided not to fly and evolved into mice.
@@JR-gp2zk once you go bat, you never go back.
@@JR-gp2zk in all seriousness, flight is a derived trait, so no they did not
@@carissstewart3211 I got to admit, that was comedy gold right there.
Fun fact:
"Kiemenplatten" is German for "gill plates"
thats what i thought
Kimenpluddn, jo, its german... 😂👍
@@MisterIvyMike she misspronounced it though its kiemen as in key-men, not kay-men
Key-men-plutten
Bill gates
Placentas! Blake stated he would some day talk about the evolution on placentas. I'm still waiting on that video. I will blitz spam every Eons upload until I get my placenta video.
"Dang them armored fish sure got big and nasty! Hey ocean - smell ya later!" But tragically, as Sea Scorpion left the water and scuttled up the beach, he was engulfed in lava.
probably for the best, i ain't dealing with cat sized scorpion-spider hybrid that makes colony likes ant
if I had born in november 300mya perhaps my sign was be eurypterid
"I was born under the star sign "dinner"? Well that's disappointing"
"Don't worry son, they're all called "dinner", so are we"
The unknown trilobite.
When I was a child growing up in bog land in Ireland,on long cold days,the sun would warm the mud sink holes,which I would slide into before real bath time at the days end ,and stay warm.often I would feel something biting my toes,which I discovered were bog water scorpions, which I couldn't hold for long,as there claws,although tiny scared me,then just the other day,I thought I had seen one beside the river cray,but it turned out too be a tiny moth,that mimicked a water scorpion on the muddy plants,being identical in size and shape and colour,and who's antennas resembled the claws.fantastic show as allways,thanks for being free to the masses,liam london
this channel is the gift that just keeps on giving
You guys dont comprehend how these videos make me end my day 10x better
MM, 100% agree!
Watching PBS Eons right before bed gives me nice dreams
Is it about being devoured my sea scorpions?
Occasionally
actually the pronounciation of the german word 'kiemenplatten' should be 'kEEmenplatten' like in 'seen'.
kiemen is the german word for gills and platte is, well, plate.
Yes! Also, it's the plural form, so technically, "a Kiemenplatten" is wrong... And how come there is no translation? Why not simply "gill plates"? Peculiar.
it should be 'a kiemenplatte' then which would be strange as they only come in pairs.
love how sometimes giant means "bigger than normal" and other times it means "could eat you"
Imagine if a giant sea scorpion survived and was discovered recently, just like a lone coelacanth was discovered. 😂
I mean, maybe
Sea Skorpion just found new food source!! 🦂🤘🏾🔥🔥🔥
Hey, Eons peeps, as a paleontology enthusiast I love your videos! I remember even suggesting you guys do a post about sea scorpions and here it is! Yes! I'm not sure if it was my humble suggestion that inspired the video or if the lively teeming throng of other paleontology enthusiasts all demanded more eurypterids! Whatever it was I am glad to see. Those Euryperids were really cool! Thanks for sharing! Stay cool, PBS Eons!!!
how did nails evolve from claws?
Nails improve grip strength, by giving fingers something to brace against.
peeling fruit.
From claw biting they became eventually a lot shorter
@@LimeyLassen I think they also simply offer somekind of protection where nerves end. But I'm just speculating.
@@LimeyLassen googled it haha it's for both but mainly for supporting broad fingertips in primapes.
Woah! 3:34 and 4:15 and 8:06 Audible jump scares.
It happens at 8:04 also.
I don’t see them.
Dang it, you took my joke.
Can you explain what you're hearing? Is it that faint kind ringing chime sound? I've never used anything Audible.
What are you guys talking about? I'm with kindlin
Much love and apreciation from this New Yorker for highlighting one of the least known about animal groups in the fossil record. New York's State Fossil is the eurypterus remipes, a small swimming eurypterid from the Devonian that is prevailant in many New York limestones and shales.
Explain how worms became arthropods, mollusks, and early fish ancestors
Insects are just very short centipedes.
High point of my entire week is an Eons upload.
It would have been truly awesome to see these scorpions alive.
From a distance. :)
@@Bill_GarthrightLol - definitely wasn't planning on popping into my speedos for some swimming with the giant scorpions, but can you just imagine how incredible it would be to be in a shark cage with them around?
@@matbroomfield
I think the same thing about all of these videos. I'd love to see all of these ancient creatures in the wild.
Then again, I've seen very few modern animals in the wild, I guess. I don't get any closer to most of _them_ than a video. So I don't know why I'd expect more than a video even if they _were_ still around. :)
@@Bill_GarthrightLol - that is SUCH a good point Bill. We really don't take enough advantage of the amazing opportunities available to us.
It possible that sea scorpions are still around, but the have evolved into the no see scorpions, and we just haven't spotted them.
Frankly I think a 6 foot long invisible scorpion is was more terrifying than anything.
boooo
(thumbs up)
Could you make a video outlining all of Earth's geographical timeline and the plants or animals who reigned during those periods? It would make it easier to grasp the scale of which historical periods have changed, which you reference a lot in your videos.
When you’re just tryna get some black pearls but end up paralyzed and drowning in ARK
I knew someone else on here would get it. I'm having flash backs and I'm only 1:45 in.
I just love how many of these critters actually have Angry Eyes, they look like the cutest little apex predators around!
Um, is that subliminal messaging for audible around 3:35?
That's what it looks like to me.
Eos and Audible conspiracy!
Also around 4:15... um...?
Happens at 4:15 too
I've been Durdened!
So if that's how chelicerates left the water, how did the insects, diplopods, chilopods, and isopods first leave it? Did they all diverge in the sea or did some have a common terrestrial/aquatic ancestor
They had a common aquatic ancestor. Some of the divergence happens in water and some on land. Think of it this way, an ongoing evolutionary tree diverging in water. Along the way, several species become adapted to land. This happens only a few times spread out over tens of millions of years. The species that become land adapted also evolve and diverge branching out into many different groups. All along the aquatic groups continue diverging. To complicate things some species of land animals become aquatic and start diverging into further aquatic species. Along the way extinction pears back the tree of life, and occasionally it wipes out much of life.
I'm ngl I got kinda emotional when you started talking about the sea scorpions finally dying out...
I am always excited for a new Eons upload! I love this channel!!
If scientists invent a time-machine, tell them that I won't get into it. There's a whole lot of NOPE back in time! 😅
And even more nope's the science had never discovered at least not yet.
Love the little pins you wear for each video.
Please make a video on the mystery of why cambrian explosion happened. This situation is similar to fermi's paradox.
We'd like to thank PBS for supporting education
I got an Idea for a new video: marsupials and how they evolved?
Would be kinda interesting...
Try no. 1
'Kiemenplatten' is German for 'gill plates' (literally) by the way :)
And the speaker mispronounces it slightly. (I do not mind, just wanted to point this out.)
ihrfer “slightly”
If they hadn't written the word there I'd have had no clue what the actual word is and expected something like "kaymenplattn" (and wondered whether it was something Dutch).
Bill Gates?
I love that you use the metric system.
Hibbertopterus sounds like the most adorable name for a prehistoric animal.
It actually looks exactly like its name as well, and I love it. Shine on, crab roomba.
Tierzoo could explore and teach us the ways of the old version of this game, would be an awesome collab!
Giant sea scorpions: scary
Ticks: horrifying
I find this as fascinating as I find it anxiety inducing.
"A big tank like roomba" possibly the greatest description of anything I've ever heard.
Well scorpions were quite common on seas, even in the near past.
The romans for example but them on their battleships! ;)
Don Guru de Bro 😂😂😂
They were quite big in the 80's too
I wonder how useful these videos would be in an academic setting. It sure seems like they do their research, seems like it'd be worthy of lecture content!
"When Ground Hawks were at Large"? An episode about Velociraptor?
maybe but in place of velociraptor episode about deinonychus or Utah raptor far larger raptors than velociraptor
@@hero4714 and ones we knew existed...
Kiemenplatten sounds awfully german to me.
literally translated it means Gillplates
It is. Please pronounce the beginning like 'key' otherwise you sound silly.
It looks quite German, also. In German it would be a perfectly reasonable word and pronounced like "Keamenplatten".
The American pronunciation is quite funny. Would be interested to know if the word has been adopted long ago enough that the wrong way to say it has become the right one yet.
Do you think it’s the richest thing to exist-
In case someone is interested: the word "Kiemenplatten" is german and should be pronounced "keemenplutten"
Great video and please never stop producing such amazing content. PBS is one one the main reasons my childhood interest in prehistoric creatures returned and I am very thankful for that
Quite often when hearing about ancient sea life I imagine how amazing it would be to pop back in time, go for a swim and watch them. In the case of Jaekelopterus I'm pretty content looking at fossils - at least a Mossasaur or similar would be a case of one chomp and that's that, being grabbed by giant claws and torn into bite size chunks is not the way I'd like to go.
If you saw a 8-foot sea scorpion coming at you, you would die of shock long before it killed you
Other than triggering my arachnophobia some, the best thing I got out of this video is that if I ever get a Roomba, I’ll name it Hibbs. In honor of Hibbertopterus of course.
PBS eons - “we love all creatures! They’re fascinating”.
Later...
PBS eons - “hibbertopterus. What a weirdo” 😂
They even hated coconut crabs.
Do a video on how the antarctic landmass became uninhabitable
It got bleedin' cold.
The end.
@@rosiehawtrey nice
The time infographics are way more intelligible now! Thanks!!
The extensive effort for this video is really amazing!
I got now a much better understanding of their history and their diversification. Fantastic work!
I'm always impressed by the speed and fluency of the narration, especially when there are several Latin names in succession!
I would love to see an episode about the first organisms to live on land and what challenges they faced and how they overcame them and how they changed the environment so they could be followed by more and more things
The most important would be gravity, pressure, breathing, scorching sun, drying out and locomotion
I do have a video suggestion for you. I always have been curious about tasting dinosaur meat, asking myself how much it would taste like chicken or crocodile. I also remember seeing a dinosaur "mummy" with so well preserved muscles that they were almost looking good to eat and ready to carve. The fact that it was turned into stone made the meat looks like it was cooked. Now seeing the bits and pieces of claws in that video made me feel hungry for lobster claws, but I realized that those would probably taste more like scorpion than lobster. My video suggestion would be to make a selection of extinct animals with close modern and alive relatives that we can eat today to get an idea of the tastes from the past. I would also be nice to have edible plants too, so we could figure what the Flinstone gastronomy could taste like (even if this would have been impossible for human ever taste those ingredients because they never lived at the same time) I also feel it would bring a new reference for feeling the past. We always talk of color, texture, lenght, weight, but we never talk about taste. Of course, this might be totally off, but it would be a start to dream about...
I've tasted scorpion; it's too bitter for my liking. Hopefully sea scorpion would taste more like crab or lobster.
The ocean roomba one is the cutest thing EVER. I nearly lost it when it came up. It reminds me of the horseshoe crab too. Which here in Delaware, horseshoe crabs are king and beloved by all.
I love time travelling with this channel.
I love this channel! I would like to see a video about the evolution of Pinnipedia. Thank you so much!
''Kiemenplatten'' is actually the german word for gill plates.
Nice upload. I was just trying to do a search on these ancient scorpions a week ago.
Gee, what a great series.
And people believe nowadays insects and other arachnids are creepy.
They are no insects!!!1111!
@@MsSonali1980 You are right, I'm sorry.
@@mrfosilman Don't be sorry, you fine sweety :)
Ok. Thanks.
They ARE.
Damn this is cool
This lady has a very nice narrative voice. I find that I've always learned more from teachers whose voices added to my ability to recall the content because everyone could hear their positivity and confidence in their tone.
I wonder if scientists have ever explored this dynamic and the potential for positive impact on future generations of teachers and professors?
If anyone reading this comment notes this kind of ability, feel free to comment and enlighten me with your experiences with such phenomenon.
I really appreciate how you're showing the animals next to humans for scale, and showing their measurements in feet as well! :)
Horseshoe crabs are now placed within Arachnida rather than being related! But awesome video nonetheless! I've been fascinated with Eurypterids since a very early age and always wondered how terrestrial life would have been different if these giants successfuly moved to land!
People should watch this on Sunday’s instead of going to church
I'm currently doing a project on the Chilecrata clade comparing the Eurypterids and Horshoe Crabs. This has been very helpful!
This woman is amazing, how comfortable she is with these very complex names of some very obscure creatures
Interesting to say the least, well presented and explained, Always something random in my feed.
Please do a video on the history of cats. You did one with dogs so it would be great to see one for our other mans best friend.
9:03 aaaawh maan I was really waiting for you to say that they became the horseshoe crabs, :( RIP Eurypterida
You know, one thing this channel has taught me is that if I ever find myself somehow yanked back through time to a much earlier (pre-man) times the one thing I should *never* do is go for a swim in the ocean. I mean, 2m meter swimming scorpions?? Makes the bird eating spider look a bit like a Teddy bear.
I - L O V E Eons, everytime i learn something new, and it helps me a ton with research for my project, Thank you!!!
3:58 wait how big were they? You say almost 20 cm but on the screen it’s under 10
Buy a bigger screen? 😉
Thank you for talking about my current favorite animal!
Very comprehensive for only 11 minutes. Good job.
Do a video of when species started to develope venom. That would be interesting. Great video.
Anyone else wonder how they tasted?
I wonder what Jon Shaw tastes like.....
Maybe like lobster 🦞
No, but it occurred to me to wonder what they would think I tasted like
Probably like horseshoe crab
Like a beloved family member, I can always return to Eons for a good time!
Love this channel it's very educational
I wonder if there would be a more advanced pieces that would also have a PBS eons and they describe us
Imagine taking one those 8ft long scorpions 🦂
Chuck Norris probably could
Thanks again for an awesome vid! Love these guys.
These videos keep getting better, thank you!