Titan's Dragonfly Test // New Nuclear Rocket // Shadow Universe
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 16 май 2024
- The Titan Dragonfly is coming together, NASA is considering a new kind of nuclear rocket, getting more warning for solar flares, and pinpointing carbon emissions from space.
🦄 Support us on Patreon:
/ universetoday
00:00 Intro
00:15 Titan Helicopter Starts to Come Together
www.universetoday.com/159611/...
02:38 New NIAC Nuclear Rocket Design
www.universetoday.com/159599/...
05:57 Lunar Flashlight Has Propulsion System Problems
07:25 Solar Flashes and Flares
09:36 CO2 from Space
www.universetoday.com/159580/...
11:21 Support us on Patreon
12:40 Orphaned Protostar
www.universetoday.com/159539/...
14:27 Measuring the Universe with Shadows
www.universetoday.com/159543/...
16:26 Outro
Host: Fraser Cain
Producer: Anton Pozdnyakov
Editing: Artem Pozdnyakov
📰 EMAIL NEWSLETTER
Read by 55,000 people every Friday. Written by Fraser. No ads.
Subscribe Free: universetoday.com/newsletter
🎧 PODCASTS
Universe Today: universetoday.fireside.fm/
Weekly Space Hangout: / @weeklyspacehangout
Astronomy Cast: www.astronomycast.com/
🤳 OTHER SOCIAL MEDIA
Twitter: / fcain
Twitter: / universetoday
Facebook: / universetoday
Instagram: / universetoday
📩 CONTACT FRASER
frasercain@gmail.com
⚖️ LICENSE
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
You are free to use my work for any purpose you like, just mention me as the source and link back to this video. 
Наука
if I am still around in 2034, I will be 85 years old. I can always hope to see what Titan actually looks like. Thanks for the information.
Hope to see you there! I'm excited too.
So you were born in 1949 too, eh? I may make it to 80, I'm less sure about anything past that. I hope we both get to see what . Titan looks like.
A lot is finally happening in space travel.
The kind of progress I hoped for when I was about 12 or so.
Now I'm 59.
I hope I can stay around for a while longer so I can see some of it.
nobody can predict tomorrow, tomorrow is not promised which means you may not be around in 2034. just saying🤷🏽♂️
Imagine power going down for a month ... in Puerto Rico we call that a Tuesday.
It's got to be so tough going through those power disruptions. :-(
Tuesday is a month in your country?
@@WilhelmFreidrich Apparently.
The Dragonfly mission to Titan is something I’m really looking forward to.
Isn’t it a shame that Dragonfly won’t be visiting one of the lakes or oceans just to take some awesome pictures? Why is that?
I'd love that too, like so much. I want to see a methane breathing lezard!!
mostly engineering and technical reasons, what i remember is that north pole where the lakes are will be in winter with no sunlight and not pointing at earth, they don't have a orbital relay around saturn
I feel like the images we get out of titan are going to be unlike any world we've probed so far. When the huygens probe got that grainy, distorted foortage of its touchdown; I still was amazed.
Fraiser, a correction to the video: being an octo-copter (or a hex copter, a quad copter, etc.) does not prevent a vehicle from being a helicopter. In fact, the inclusion of "copter" in the description implies that it _is_ a helicopter. There are things that can prevent a vehicle from being a helicopter (being a tilt-rotor, being just a normal plane, having unpowered rotors, etc.), but as long as there's at least one rotor, rotor count is _not_ one of those things.
So an autogyro, with a rotating but unpowered rotor/wingset, is not a kind of helecopter?
@@ReggieArford A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors.
...it's not a Unicopter. (Which I'm told is the preferred transport of affluent unicorns.)
ROFLCOPTER
@@ReggieArford no an autogyro is a different animal
How did I miss this gem of a channel?!! I'll get ALL notifications now. Space geeks unite!!!
It's Canadian.
I believe the main reason why Dragonfly will not visit the methane lakes on Titan is that the lakes, found mostly nearly the North Pole, will be in darkness at the time when Dragonfly arrives, making exploring them just about impossible. So Dragonfly will arrive at the wrong time of the Titan Year as far as exploring the lakes is concerned. There may be a few lakes in the equatorial regions where Dragonfly is headed but if Dragonfly does find any and explodes them, it will be a matter of luck and not intention. This is still a very exciting mission and if all goes well. Dragonfly will make so many wonderful discoveries and add our knowledge of Titan immensely. We shall just have to wait and see!
the lakes can't explode, the reason methane burns on earth is because of oxygen
Frasier, thanks for what you do. This stuff is all cool af.
This is exactly what I needed right now
Love to hear your take on fission fragment rockets.
Awsome, this is the kind of thing which cn be a game changer for Mars exploration too
Big fan of nuclear thermal, thanks for covering it! There's a problem with getting to Mars faster though - the 6 month transfer time allows for a free-return-trajectory should you miss your Mars orbital insertion (MOI) burn. A faster transit time does not. If you get there in
The TDT! Great to hear about that tunnel, enjoyed some time there.
Professor, I subscribed. Your information about the Earth status is amazing.
I hear Titan's atmosphere is so dense, You could fly an Ornithopter in it
Atmosphere so dense and gravity so low.
This is an amazing time for space exploration. I am sure people will be saying this for generations on, but the innovation and growth is exciting.
There are some fast spectrum molten salt reactors under development right now that may be well suited for the kind of combined nuclear powered rocket being proposed here. They run at very high temperature and in some cases like the Elysium reactor will use table salt as the liquid medium in the reactor. That design will also be simplified compared to some other designs, it's basically an empty reactor vessel "can" with heat exchangers. The fluid salt both contains the fissile material and is pumped from the reactor into the heat exchangers to provide heat to electrical generators or in this case also to heat propellant.
The first iteration of the Elysium reactor will run at over 600 degrees celsius and later versions with high temperature alloy vessels made with hastelloy at over 1,300 degree celsius.
Fast spectrum is the hot topic in reactors, but not a mature technology... I don't know if molten salt rectors is going to be easily compatible with radiative cooling or mission weight scale any time soon. . That usually means sub-critical mass reactors and neutron mirrors.
Might be good for the first manned mission to Jupiter, though.
@@GlennJTison The Elysium team is highly experienced from decades designing nuclear reactors for the US Navy, it is basically the entire team from the Knollls Atomic Power Labs. Their goal is rapid certification, it's not going to be that long before they have a working reactor.
The fuel cycle processing is far simpler than most, as it involves dropping chopped up SNF into molten salt. Plus the addition of the needed plutonium to bring it up to critical concentration in the salt.
When Kirk Sorensen was at NASA doing research on possible nuclear reactors for use in space he focused on MSRs for their ability over other designs to use radiative cooling. It's where the current interest in molten salt reactors started.
Molten salt reactors themselves date back to the 1950s and were first built to power bombers. They have been operated in flight in B-36s.
This is mature technology and it would seem highly suited for use in space.
The Elysium design is highly dependent on the use of reactor can geometry and neutron reflectors to operate. It should scale well both in size and weight for use in space.
The new Fusion pulse generators, would make a nifty spaceship propulsion system.
The Elysium reactor is a nice design, but any nuclear propulsion system will end up with tens of tonnes of shielding. And then if you're doing nuclear-electric you need a heat engine and that requires a very large and massive radiator. All of which steals from the theoretical advantage.
@@CoruscationsOfIneptitude At least. That's the problem with neutrons. You need a lot of mass to stop them.
Thanks for the news, Fraser! 😊
I fly quadcopters, but never flew an octo... Should be interesting. Now they're building big octacopters they call cinelifters, to carry those big cameras used for cinema and so on.
Anyway, stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
Man that's awesome it seems like so much weight to get into orbit for the nuclear power propulsion!
that which looks like a
black rip in reality
a few decimeters in length
that sometimes appears a few meters away from me in the night
is quite beautiful
Thanks for the news!
I wonder if there's a way to arrange such a hybrid rocket such that the ejected mass is also accelerated by the ion drive, getting more bang for the buck essentially.
WOW!!! Those are serious rotors !!!
Excellent stuff bro
You do a great job..thanks
Titan mission seems so amazing. Can't wait!
Yeah the mighty United States of America can build rockets to boldly go where no man has gone before but they still can't build highspeed rail for improvement of infrastructure.
@@carlsmith5545 why not do both and just....not have a war for a decade?
@@ryann6919 Because the so called mighty United States of America dosent know how to do that.
@@carlsmith5545 agreed. And that is going to be our downfall, just like Rome. Maybe one day we will learn
Interesting topics and good info! Thanks
Hey Frasier, shadow astronomy sounds really "cool" but how do astronomers tell the difference between a genuine shadow caused by a foreground object on the CMB verses a temperature variation in the CMB itself? Also, is shadow astronomy done with other cosmic background spectra (radio, X-ray ect,)?
Excellent video, like!
Thanks for these news
Probably my favourite show on RUclips
You won't have to wait that long ! Expected arrival on Titan 2034 ! So only 11 years lol .
I'm excited for the Titan 'copter!
I think your under estimating the power of super solar flares, if you look at the 1859 carriton one it set the telegraph machines and wires on fire, if one of those hit today it would mostly likely would send us back to pre electricity state especially since our magnetic filed is actually failing, down around 20% and this is speeding up.
I've been reading up on nuclear-powered rockets and such for as long as they've been being even hinted at, because this kind of science absofreakinglutely fascinates me. And now the nuclear-powered copter to explore Titan‽ That one makes me want to jump up & down with excitement!
SIX WEEKS to Mars‽‽ Holy freaking _~bleeping bleepety bleeping bleep,~_ that's so incredibly cool! What a crazy cool idea!! But I hope they can figure out the moon craft to get it where it needs to be.
The solar flare thing... that could make such a CRAZY huge difference for us! Having weather warnings for getting a few days longer time to get prepared would be so helpful!
If only catching those promise-breakers would have some sort of weight behind it, some kind of fines, at minimum, it would make all of these abilities meaningful.
The fetal stars are fascinating, but the shadow thing made a Doctor Who episode come to mind, with the monsters called the Vashta Nerada, and the warning phrase "count the shadows!"
Thanks for the coolness, Fraser!
❤️❤️
Lol!! The mighty United States of America can spend billions to boldly go where no man has gone before but they still can't build highspeed rail for improvement of infrastructure, how about building something that will save the american people money on their electric bill? Is their something the United States government can do to ease the cost of living? How about spending those billions to feed the american people who are homeless and hungry? Use those billions to better living conditions for the american people? Oh hell no! Let's spend the billions of dollars to put some fool on mars, a planet that doesn't even belong to man. You'll never catch me placeing my hopes and dreams on the shoulders of no man. Never catch me voting for no man.
Thanks
The new Fusion pulse generators, would make a nifty spaceship propulsion system.
Good video - no loud music ruining it
really love this space bites fracer, keep it coming
Yep, if anything or anyone is left it'll be awesome. Good job Brandon.
15:28 Does anyone have any idea what effect that is? I couldnt find it on google
Awesome content!!!!
Fun and interesting as always
Thanks. Fun channel 👍🏻
9:32 thank you for that
Nuclear thermal rockets dont have quite the thrust that is possible with chemical rockets. What you are thinking about is the specific impulse, in other words how long you can burn the engine before running out of fuel. Maintaining a low thrust for a long, long period of time can get you to places much faster due to efficiency.
Great video...👍
Titan has to be one of the most interesting objects in the solar system because it has a lot of similarities to earth.
I would even say that aside from its cold temperature and lower gravity, it is the most earth-like object in the solar system on it's surface and the only one other than earth that a human could actually stand on without a pressure suit. Although to be fair, you would still need to be very well insulated from the cold and certainly have a supply of oxygen to breath which could possibly be combustible in the Titanian atmosphere. Also while I don't think it would be immediately harmful, there is no way of knowing what the long term effects of skin exposure or trace inhalation of the actual contents of Titian's atmosphere would be until a human far braver than I am goes on what might be a one-way trip to that moon and lives there long enough to find out.
I prefer pulsar's option. How about a week or better yet using the electric charge of the solar wind.
10:00 - Good to see New Zealand contributing exactly 0.0% CO2.
Interestingly, many do make that claim but it's not quite true. Creative accounting. Ironically though, much of their electricity generation comes from hydro power schemes, those same schemes environmentalists tried to shut down before they were even built decades ago. Yes, NZ is lucky. There are lots of ways to generate power from renewables. Most countries aren't so fortunate.
More NIAC please!
Great job! I follow your channel,and love your content! Keep up the good work!
It's about time. Nuclear Power is the way to go.
Another great episode the only education here is what you do for us thank you for your time and manner of content
these ideas are interesting for running around our solar system and developing robotic systems for planet exploration which is really about mining operations for large multi-national companies that will create new industries and plenty of jobs generating and repairing the many space vehicles that will be necessary.
Got to admit this will be interested
What's the advantage of dual propulsion?
My understanding has always been that nuclear thermal propulsion is lower thrust than chemical propulsion, but higher specific impulse. The higher specific impulse is the advantage of the NTR because it can gain a higher velocity while using less fuel.
You are correct, and he should correct the video, NTRs will never have the trust-to-weight ratio of chemical rockets. NTRs will only be used in space after the chemical rockets get you there from the ground.
how often would you need to fly fuel for the reactor up to orbit and how do you handle rwaste
The original developed and tested engines (NERVA program) used integral fuel and moderator.... Uranium Carbide in graphite honecomb if I recall.
Basicall the spent fuel goes straight out with the rocket plume as it runs.
Hopefully in a controlled manner!
Space is already a radioactive hellscape, no harm no foul.
Jackass Flats not so much.
Well, at least not untill one of the NERVA prototypes went CATO.....
Lord Fraser, I wish it will be there in 10 years, but you know how NASA is with delays, I sadly will probably be dead. Love your content brother
Hi Fraser, what is the speed of the Ions coming out of an Ion drive, could a long linear accelerator make them faster and improve the delta-v ?
Yes but not without a big hit to the mass of the craft. They function under similar principles. One day maybe......
Warp factor 10!
@@1pcfred as logical as any of these silly comments!!!
@@vincentanguoni8938 bang zoom to the Moon Alice!
Apropos different propulsion systems, the impossible engine or whatever the name was, no one are talking about that anymore, ok, but, there was another strange idea where we do not hear anything anymore, an elderly guy working on some kind of technology that mechanically should move back and forth, but change the mass in one direction, accelerate a spaceship, I think this solution was kind of covered here some years ago?
Any news on any of these relatively unorthodox attempts to move trough space?
Reminds me of Pivotal Universe on Amazon.
We used a helecoptor on Mars but this is a temprature range that we know how to work with composites that will not shatter in the cold. Titan is no where near this warm, and I wouder if the equipment would shatter if it was bumped even a little?
Can you not scale an Ion drive ship up to provide better acceleration? Just add more/bigger engines and more nuclear fuel/solar panels?
I seriously hope that by the time Dragonfly is ready to fly there's different options around like expended Starship or electric sails or plasma magnet sails to shorten that travel time significantly so the science (and images) can be gotten sooner and the MMRTG can perform for longer on Titan rather than wasting precious energy in a 6 year long coast phase, this current paradigm relying on many multiple gravity assists to do all the work is so inefficient and wasteful and probably adds a lot to the cost because they have to ensure the spacecraft and probe can survive the long coast phase.
2:30 Whenever I see that NASA BNTR AG/MTV animation I always wonder how much mass is save by ejecting that tank when you include the mass of the extra bulk heads skeleton structure and ejection mechanism instead just a single structural fuel tank. I also wonder why it has more one engine. An acceleration that last one hour rather than three does almost nothing to your total flight time one NTR engine is plenty of thrust for interplanetary manoeuvres so that seems like more unnecessary mass.
A thermal nuclear rocket does not have higher thrust, but higher specific impulse. This means the total deltaV achievable is higher.
Chef's kiss for Anton's use of memes.
😉
The nuclear powered rocket sounds very exciting!
That will be major, major breakthrough in space travel.
The solar flare is scary! That will happen...someday. We do need ample warning.
Voyager 1 and 2 used Radioisotope Heater Units (RHUs) as power supply old tech growing up
Wow, Mars in 45 days. That's incredible. Let's get this done.
So long as you don't mind being nearly weightless during that time...
People on the ISS are weightless for 6 months…
@@rustyshackleford234 They lose a lot of muscle strength and bone mass and arrive back on Earth in need of rehabilitation. That's fine when you've got the resources available on Earth. It's not fine when you're landing on Mars.
The problem with the analogy of the Sun / CMB is that we have a much better understanding of the light coming from the Sun than from the CMB. After all, if you mis-guess the level of CMB then your shadows will have more or less information in them.
4:00 Hydrogen can be collected from a funnel in the nose, stored in a tank, and not wasted by just bouncing away, thereby taking the energy with it.
Does the second method require a fuel tank?
@Kraik not very much, but it's probably going to be a choice of use it or lose it. Every bit you use is something that you didn't launch with.
The drag from the funnel and the funnel mass, would need to be offset by the thrust from the collected fuel... :)
@TVChannel One The frontal area would be the same as the spaceship itself. The mass would equate itself to the mass of the Frontal Shields plus accumulation tanks.
Really cool stuff....don't want it to light-up the methane!
I so hope the nuclear rocket plan works out. 45 days to Mars would be better than any movie.
subscribed
Amazing! Science Fiction is becoming Science Fact in front of our eyes 👀
If you want real science fiction check out the national debt. That stuff is unreal!
I'm skeptical that the rotors and their motors on the Titan Octocopter won't take on methane precipitation that freezes on contact (like cars in ice storms). Forming a granite rock solid shell around he entire vehicle. How could they prevent this?
Imagine what would happen if a solar maximum coincided with a collapse of the earth's magnetic field during a pole reversal event. It looks like the magnetic field is heading towards a reversal event quite soon.
Titan's super cold, dense atmosphere is just crying out for a fleet of balloons drifting through it's sky powered by nuclear batteries or such and supplemented with a mini wind powered dynamoes. Use titan's own atmosphere to fill the balloons then just heat things up a bit. Balloons have the potential to last years and could be networked.
"That would suck."
Starting the Understatement Olympics strong, I see...
I wonder if a thermal nuclear rocket can be fabricated so as well the nuclear fuel is spent, it might provide a source of plutonium-238 to make it into radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG)? So handy on those long lunar nights or power beyond the orbit of Jupiter - or even in Martian dust storms!
Hey Fraser - awesome prresentation & info!! FYI, in case no one ever told you, without the goatee you could EASILY pull off an awesome Richard Dreyfuss from close encounters !
BNTRs are complicated. NTP is hard because the nuclear hydrothermodnamics and stresses are insane. Literally how fast you can heat one of the LEAST thermally opaque elements is the complete point. The higher the mass flow at the same or similar mass flow with an effective thermal profile is HARD. Your leverage in some zones in the reactor is hydrogen density based on your propellant flow for neutron moderation. That's important too, so let's look at that.
The NEP issues are fundamentally different: the Carnot cycle's thermal differential requires something that can capture every calorie possible, regardless of mass. This is why lead is a reasonable option for small terrestrial reactors. Gas cooled reactors, usually He/Xe coolant, are the dream with gas generator (Brayton cycle) conversion systems have fundamentally different issues because the mass and neutron moderating effects of this gas (and the materials required to contain it) are COMPLETELY different.
Then there's the whole power conversion thing, which has had billions dumped into it over the decades. Look into Prometheus. The power conversion system (Brayton, BTW) ate the budget.
The whole trinary concept, where you basically strap an afterburner on, irradiated the whole vehicle due to backscatter from the plume.
I run a website on nuclear propulsion (Beyond NERVA), and Winchell Chung has a lot of excellent articles about backscatter. This isn't NIMBY or nay sayer slop, this is "I want NTP and NEP to fly, but they don't fit together" talk.
I always wondered if comets, normally in orbit about the sun, sometimes dive into the sun, perhaps then causing solar outbursts.
Pretty tiny, though.
But if large, solid ice comets plough into the sun anywhere near either pole of the sun, at a phenomenally high speed, this might cause a Carrington event.
Just an idea...
No words only results.
8:00 I can’t be the only one who thinks after seeing this, is what Homer Simpson would look like!
😂😂😂😂
The big advantage of a nuclear thermal rockety is not high thrust, in fact the thrust to weight ratio sucks compared to conventional chemical rockets. That's why they would be no use in launch vehicles, apart from the radiological hazard. However, they can produce thrust levels comparable to chemical rockets in a useable package, which is probably what you were aiming for.
The big advantage is in specific impulse, efficiency. Most NTR designs are around twice as efficient as a chemical rocket. Of course, ion propulsion is even more efficient, but it's thrust is pitiful. But if you can combine the two, I can see how you could get even higher efficiency with reasonable thust levels.
This is awesome. Too bad it won't visit the methane seas though, that would really be something to feast your eyes on.
There are some smaller lakes across the equator, perhaps they could visit one?
@@rustyshackleford234 I hope they do 👍
I had herd a few years back that type of battery was just about out of radioactive materials
8:51 to 9:13 I wonder what a red dwarf would look like? Maybe 2x or 4x this speed?
Another advantage of permanent (positive and after half the journey negative) acceleration using ion drives is a low, yet semi-permanent virtual gravity inside the spacecraft, reducing some of the medical hazards of long time spaceflight. So, a win-win-win in the long term! > After initial investment, you get faster and potentially less expensive flights, with less health concerns for the passengers.
It makes it also much more comfortable when you have to take a bio break
You say a month of no power would suck but...a month of no light pollution sounds darn tempting
Worth it...
I wish NASA or Space x , would do a setup like you are talking about. Only compact with only communication and video ability. Send it to próximos b at the fastest rate of speed we could get and have photos sent back to Earth! I know we are talking 4.5 light years,so that could take us20 years to get close enough with a powerful telescope to look for signs of life in the nearest solar system to us!
Where was that coal plant located?
If Kerbal has taught me something is that nuclear rockets is always the way to go. #GoingNuclear🚀
Hey Fraser, what's your take - is there much point in going to Titan and not going to the Methane lakes? Isn't that a bit like going to Saturn and not checking out the rings?
titan is so much more than the lakes though, it has a earth like atmosphere, complex chemicals everywhere, the sand are made from hydrocarbons, also it's not like there liquid only in the lakes, we maybe see some small ponds, wet ground or if we are lucky even rain, we might study the frozen water spilled by the cryovolcanos and much more
and if there is life there, it's possible it's everywhere not only in the lakes.
Also they have technical reasons for not going to the lakes, they will be pointing away from earth in constant darkness due to season
2:20 yea but if something goes wrong and it fails, we will have to wait for another 20-30 years until another Titan mission.
I really want to know if the sky scape on Titan will have Saturn* massive and looming in it or if the cloud cover will be too much.
You mean saturn? Clouds will likely obscure, atomsphere is thicc.
@@ridleyroid9060 I did mean Saturn, I was even thinking of the rings but misspoke.
It would seem possible to me to get an image with both Titan and Saturn in the frame, while in or approaching orbit, at least. Which would be dope.