+Mr Kagouris: In order for our bodies to function, at the cellular level, we break apart certain molecules such as glucose and combine it with oxygen and this produces CO2, H2O and some heat. Some of the energy is used to make other molecules, some of it is used to contract muscles. (Don’t take my word for it since I’m not an expert in biochemistry).
Science Studio nah, it just shows the trust I have in you to bring me good content. Even though I knew basically everything in this video since I am computer scientist, I still enjoy seeing new and unique ways for the information to be presented.
John Smith oh no, so random (obviously fake) dude on the internet called me retarded, oh no, I am so upset, lemme just go cry in the corner and find my safe space....
I don't know what switch flipped in your head but the last 2 months you've completely changed the quality format an attitude of your Channel I find myself watching all of your videos now where before I found myself clicking off 1 min in great turn around keep up the good work
I graduated with an Engineering degree recently, and I appreciate how you state that you only have a basic high-level grasp of concepts you're not intimately familiar. I've seen a lot of channels attempt to talk about things they don't really understand and end up looking stupid when they butcher it, all because they want to look smarter than they actually are. It's good that they are trying to learn new things and expand their knowledge, but people need to learn to acknowledge their limits better.
nice video and what i really like and would like you to keep doing is visualizing things (video material/pictures) you always have the perfect amount of you talking and side material in your videos Keep it up :D
I would like to add to Gregg's explanation. All of the heat inside a CPU is a result of something called Joule heating. Heat is simply kinetic energy (indeed all forms of energy are either kinetic or potential). Since electrons have rest mass and since they are what is traveling through the circuits, they bump into the atoms of the wire creating a sort of kinetic turbulence. This is what heat is at the most fundamental level. Whether it be in an electrical circuit, your car engine, or when you rub your hands together, heat is generated from this principle. In other words, heat IS motion whether it be at the sub-atomic level up to the size of galaxies. Now I think an explanation of temperature and heat is in order because this is something lots of non-scientists or engineers have a hard time understanding. Heat is not temperature, they are related, but not the same. A good example of what I mean is the following question: Which is hotter -- an iceberg in the north Atlantic or your CPU running Prime95? If you answered your CPU, you are WRONG. The iceberg is hotter but it has a lower temperature. Why? Because heat is essentially energy and energy is related to mass (Remember Einstein's E=MC^2). Since the iceberg is so much larger, it has more total energy (more molecules moving around creating heat). However, it is much lower in temperature. It turns out that temperature is the AVERAGE heat in a system, not an absolute measurement of total energy. So if you put a thermometer probe anywhere on the iceberg it will be somewhere around freezing or below, but it does contain far more heat in total than a CPU at 70°C. I mention this because I see this confusion arise A LOT on computer enthusiast forums when it comes to radiators and cooling. Most people don't get it. Now, all regular matter (except superconductive materials) has electrical resistance. It just so happens that highly conductive materials like metals have a low resistivity while insulators like rubber or glass have a very high resistivity (this is what defines them as conductors or insulators or semi-conductors). The problem we have with heat in electrical circuits is a result of the fact that the stuff the circuits are made of has this inherent resistance. This fact is probably known by most people reading this, so this is nothing that insightful. However, there is another effect I would like to mention that's related but probably not as well known by average enthusiasts. When metals experience a rise in temperature (even if there's no electrical current), the resistance also rises, which means the metal is less conductive than it was. This is called the temperature coefficient of resistance and electrical engineers are very familiar with the principle. (In fact, this is how some thermometers work -- they read the resistance of a metal (or ceramic) element and calculate the temperature based on this resistance change. Indeed the thermometers on our CPU die themselves work this way). What this means is that since the resistance has risen due to heat, you need more current to overcome that resistance. More current means more kinetic energy (heat) flowing through the wire and yet even a higher temperature. And the higher temperature means yet another rise in electrical resistance. You see where this is going. It's a vicious cycle. If you are doing extreme cooling like liquid nitrogen, you can counter-act this resistance rise (with such cooling you are actually making the metals more conductive in the circuit), but ultimately your clock speeds will be limited to inherent circuit design and limitations irrespective of heat. There is a solution to this problem, though. It's called super-conductivity. The problem with superconductivity as we know it today is that we haven't identified any materials that can superconduct at room temperatures (or anywhere close). These materials we have now need to be in environments at WAY below 0°C. However, this doesn't mean advances wont be made and that someday we may identify a material that can superconduct at room temperature (or higher). Nobel prizes have been handed out in past decades to scientists identifying materials that increase the superconducting temperature by a few degrees (when thought impossible) so there is no law of physics that says it is impossible. This is a major problem in condensed matter physics and lots of research is going into it. If a material is identified (and it is cheap enough), it will revolutionize technology like we haven't seen since the invention of the transistor itself. It will allow for SUPER efficient microchips (that use milliwatts instead of hundreds of watts). Chips have already been made in labs that run at 6 Ghz and use a few milliwatts of power. The problem is you need elaborate sub-zero cooling to make them work at all (the cooling isn't to fight heat, but to make the material itself superconductive).
Best video on this channel I have seen. Most reviewers will say "it is because they have to run all these games or content creation cites" or something dumb like that.
probably my favorite tech tuber because this dude really knows his shit. Im really surprised that he doesn't have way more subs. keep up the great work
That was a very cool video! Im a Civil Engineering major so I have pretty much 0 background in these topics besides the basics. The way you portray the information is very easy to understand, thanks for the great content! I'd like to see more!
Man I really like your channel, currently my favourite on RUclips. You mentioned you were gonna take a break from rigs and reviews and stuff (or something like that). I hope you do more crash courses like this. Very informative and easy to understand, even for non-computer buffs such as I. Salutations all the way from Brazil.
Man keep these crash course videos coming. They are unique in this genre on RUclips. Plenty of more popular channels (LTT, NCIX, etc) explain some more advanced concepts but not as much from the engineering/computer science side and are more IT technician level. This makes these crash courses thoroughly enjoyable as they strike at familiar concepts but from a new perspective.
You have the courage and knowledge to venture into the fundamental topics about what is going on inside a cpu,gpu or whatsoever.Since you are majoring in Computer Engineering ,may be thats why you explain this like a boss.Huge thanks from Asia
i was waiting more science focused video , thank you Greg! it was time! Science in science studio, like the old times at the beginning, but now is tech science, i love it too !
SUPER happy quantum tunneling was addressed, as we are approaching that size VERY fast. As a computer science graduate, I always appreciated the logic and structure/execition of a CPU, but I've always wanted to know more about the physical characteristics of it. This EE crash course was really well done and touched on a lot of things I was wondering about.
some thing about quantum tunneling it's effect that explains why subatomic particles can pass barriers they are not supposed to in this case electrons passing insulating barriers in transistors and it's cause an effect called leakage. and a bit explanation about it, the effect is statistical that means you can't determine which and when electron will pass the barrier but you can determine the odds for it, and the odds increase as you shrink things down. in matter of fact this phenomenon can be applied to our daily world but the odds are so slim it literately impossible to happen. bit further explanation to the phenomenon can be explained with the wave-particle concept.
Wow, i just found your channel and it seems that i finally get answers to all my questions i had about computers. Just a little annoying that i have to watch many parts of the video twice since i'm swiss and my english isn't perfect. Usually i don't have a problem with fast english, but together with many new terms it's quite hard... Anyway, thank you for doing this!
Hey man love the channel. just commenting on a idea for a future video you could try. Try something similar to scrapyard wars but instead of a head to head competition just document 1 full build from all used parts buying straight from craigslist and all the interactions. Think alot of people would get a kick out of that.
I like that you talk fast. That's one of the main reasons for me to watch your videos instead of the other hundreds of similar topics. I watch all my other favourite channels on x1.25 or x1.5 speed and thank RUclips for integrating that option! :D Except Techquickie. I watch it on x1 speed and even sometimes rewind. Linus has some mad rap and freestyle skills :D
I hate getting about life, but you're channel is pretty great! Also, as an EE, I enjoy the slightly more micro approach you have. Cheers! I subscribed!
You're quickly becoming one of my favorite youtubers, you're extremely unbiased and you have such a great way of explaining things, really happy I am a subscriber
Having worked in power electronics I learned that at the off state and the on state of a transistor have simple restive losses (IR). during the change from on to off to on, however the transistor has switching losses. this why clock speed has such a heat curve. the sum of switching losses exceeds the restive losses
I find this type of video very entertaining and I feel it suits more of the "Science Studio" theme. Its kinda like a tech oriented Vsauce. I would love to see more.
Hey! I would like to say, your videos are great and are high quality! I would like to congratulate you on 70k subs, and I hope for many, many more in the future!
![Gucci Mane & Sexyy Red - You Don't Love Me [Official Music Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/j7IBqyFKT4c/mqdefault.jpg)
So now I know why CPUs are so hot, but why are you?
(no homo)
[gone right][gone left][gone sexual]
+Mr Kagouris:
In order for our bodies to function, at the cellular level, we break apart certain molecules such as
glucose and combine it with oxygen and
this produces CO2, H2O and some heat. Some of the energy is used to make other
molecules, some of it is used to contract muscles. (Don’t take my word for it
since I’m not an expert in biochemistry).
+Mr Kagouris gone up gone down gone wrong gone right gone are my hopes and dreams
LMFAO!
how do i overclock my mousepad?
The Tech Mate spill tea on it
Clean it
Stick some caulk in it
I learn more from you than I learn in school
That's honestly the goal here.
thankyou
3:57 to 4:00 I need a gif of that
Ikr
yeah
that was fun
hacker man move
When I was a kid I wished I had glasses just so I can make that gesture.
Shmidershmax The only trade-off is that whoever you gesture it to, they can't ever call you cool again.
the transistor animation got my eyes broken rebooting brain...error404
your brain is too weak
consider OverClocking it
+Kakashi Hatake system.32 error 10100101001010010111
It would be error 503, error 404 is when a request is made for a document or file that doesn't exist on the web server.
+Ozzie Peck that's the joke. He is implying that he doesn't have a brain.
You mean a dumb terminal?
You are one of the only channels where I upvote before watching the video.
The world needs more of you.
Science Studio nah, it just shows the trust I have in you to bring me good content. Even though I knew basically everything in this video since I am computer scientist, I still enjoy seeing new and unique ways for the information to be presented.
John Smith oh no, so random (obviously fake) dude on the internet called me retarded, oh no, I am so upset, lemme just go cry in the corner and find my safe space....
John Smith lol, trust me, I know how to be critical of Science Studio, I have been in the past.
John Smith I upvote because he deserves more exposure. I only downvote if people are either complete idiots or assholes
I am early lemme think of a joke
Nvidia's founder edition cards
Nice, I'm also early lemme make a joke! The price of the flagship card in australia
+Tony Lee looks like we won't be getting a well deserved upgrade any time soon ;(
+NibblyBitz Don't forget the fact that some of the cheapest RX 480's are more expensive than a brand new R9 390!
Dankerino Nicherino where do u live? Africa? Lol
+moh you No I live in Australia, here is proof. au.pcpartpicker.com/products/video-card/#c=311,370&sort=a8&page=1
1:13... that animation is hypnotic.
I don't know what switch flipped in your head but the last 2 months you've completely changed the quality format an attitude of your Channel I find myself watching all of your videos now where before I found myself clicking off 1 min in great turn around keep up the good work
I really love hearing you describe technical concepts like this. It's incredibly interesting. Can't wait for the next video.
I graduated with an Engineering degree recently, and I appreciate how you state that you only have a basic high-level grasp of concepts you're not intimately familiar. I've seen a lot of channels attempt to talk about things they don't really understand and end up looking stupid when they butcher it, all because they want to look smarter than they actually are. It's good that they are trying to learn new things and expand their knowledge, but people need to learn to acknowledge their limits better.
you have no idea how much i love watching videos that i dont even understand
Even though I know this sort of thing you are rapidly becoming one of my favorite youtube channels.
I appreciate it!
this is why i subscribed... in depth points on a topic, creative (sort of) visuals when explaining, etc... keep it up my good man!
Props to you for doing things that other tech youtubers dont, this was extremely interesting and I learned a lot from it. Keep it up!
Your best video so far. Keep up with the science-engineering videos.
PLEASE CONTINUE THIS SERIES, this needs to be a thing.
This channel is getting more and more interesting with every video! great Job!
nice video and what i really like and would like you to keep doing is visualizing things (video material/pictures) you always have the perfect amount of you talking and side material in your videos
Keep it up :D
As someone studying thermodynamics, I felt right at home. Great video and a really unique channel.
Thanks for watching!
I would like to add to Gregg's explanation. All of the heat inside a CPU is a result of something called Joule heating. Heat is simply kinetic energy (indeed all forms of energy are either kinetic or potential). Since electrons have rest mass and since they are what is traveling through the circuits, they bump into the atoms of the wire creating a sort of kinetic turbulence. This is what heat is at the most fundamental level. Whether it be in an electrical circuit, your car engine, or when you rub your hands together, heat is generated from this principle. In other words, heat IS motion whether it be at the sub-atomic level up to the size of galaxies.
Now I think an explanation of temperature and heat is in order because this is something lots of non-scientists or engineers have a hard time understanding. Heat is not temperature, they are related, but not the same. A good example of what I mean is the following question: Which is hotter -- an iceberg in the north Atlantic or your CPU running Prime95? If you answered your CPU, you are WRONG. The iceberg is hotter but it has a lower temperature. Why? Because heat is essentially energy and energy is related to mass (Remember Einstein's E=MC^2). Since the iceberg is so much larger, it has more total energy (more molecules moving around creating heat). However, it is much lower in temperature. It turns out that temperature is the AVERAGE heat in a system, not an absolute measurement of total energy. So if you put a thermometer probe anywhere on the iceberg it will be somewhere around freezing or below, but it does contain far more heat in total than a CPU at 70°C. I mention this because I see this confusion arise A LOT on computer enthusiast forums when it comes to radiators and cooling. Most people don't get it.
Now, all regular matter (except superconductive materials) has electrical resistance. It just so happens that highly conductive materials like metals have a low resistivity while insulators like rubber or glass have a very high resistivity (this is what defines them as conductors or insulators or semi-conductors). The problem we have with heat in electrical circuits is a result of the fact that the stuff the circuits are made of has this inherent resistance. This fact is probably known by most people reading this, so this is nothing that insightful.
However, there is another effect I would like to mention that's related but probably not as well known by average enthusiasts. When metals experience a rise in temperature (even if there's no electrical current), the resistance also rises, which means the metal is less conductive than it was. This is called the temperature coefficient of resistance and electrical engineers are very familiar with the principle. (In fact, this is how some thermometers work -- they read the resistance of a metal (or ceramic) element and calculate the temperature based on this resistance change. Indeed the thermometers on our CPU die themselves work this way). What this means is that since the resistance has risen due to heat, you need more current to overcome that resistance. More current means more kinetic energy (heat) flowing through the wire and yet even a higher temperature. And the higher temperature means yet another rise in electrical resistance. You see where this is going. It's a vicious cycle. If you are doing extreme cooling like liquid nitrogen, you can counter-act this resistance rise (with such cooling you are actually making the metals more conductive in the circuit), but ultimately your clock speeds will be limited to inherent circuit design and limitations irrespective of heat.
There is a solution to this problem, though. It's called super-conductivity. The problem with superconductivity as we know it today is that we haven't identified any materials that can superconduct at room temperatures (or anywhere close). These materials we have now need to be in environments at WAY below 0°C. However, this doesn't mean advances wont be made and that someday we may identify a material that can superconduct at room temperature (or higher). Nobel prizes have been handed out in past decades to scientists identifying materials that increase the superconducting temperature by a few degrees (when thought impossible) so there is no law of physics that says it is impossible. This is a major problem in condensed matter physics and lots of research is going into it. If a material is identified (and it is cheap enough), it will revolutionize technology like we haven't seen since the invention of the transistor itself. It will allow for SUPER efficient microchips (that use milliwatts instead of hundreds of watts). Chips have already been made in labs that run at 6 Ghz and use a few milliwatts of power. The problem is you need elaborate sub-zero cooling to make them work at all (the cooling isn't to fight heat, but to make the material itself superconductive).
Best video on this channel I have seen. Most reviewers will say "it is because they have to run all these games or content creation cites" or something dumb like that.
you deserve alot more subs and views
favorite channel on yt rn
As always informative!
Your channel is keeping on getting better and please keep on doing this series, it's great.
You, my good sir, have an extra subscriber.
Excellent content, explained in an excellent (quick) way!
Keep at it :)
Just found your channel, love it and love this video, thumbs up.....off to start watching the rest and fry my brain some more.
Earned a new sub, they say it takes a brilliant mind to simplify a complicated thing, and this video proves that.
You are really making some quality videos... Awesome man keep up the good work
Greg your videos are very great for the amount of subscribers you have. You will get big soon.
Hey this is pretty neat! I always wondered about what takes place in a CPU that makes it so hot. Thanks for using you time to make this video!
By far my favourite RUclipsr, by far the best quality on RUclips. Keep it up!
probably my favorite tech tuber because this dude really knows his shit. Im really surprised that he doesn't have way more subs. keep up the great work
I appreciate it!
I thought Isubscribed only for new product videos, I was wrong. These are very informative, and I love it!
These kinds of videos are great, thanks for the upload
you need more subs man, your vids are great and very informative
5:09 you went out of this world to get this footage. Such dedication
You're the kind of rapper that I've to listened every word you said. Great video!
That was a very cool video! Im a Civil Engineering major so I have pretty much 0 background in these topics besides the basics. The way you portray the information is very easy to understand, thanks for the great content! I'd like to see more!
Man I really like your channel, currently my favourite on RUclips. You mentioned you were gonna take a break from rigs and reviews and stuff (or something like that). I hope you do more crash courses like this. Very informative and easy to understand, even for non-computer buffs such as I. Salutations all the way from Brazil.
I was watching your videos for 2 months, but never subscribed to you. Well, this video made me subscribe.
Man keep these crash course videos coming. They are unique in this genre on RUclips. Plenty of more popular channels (LTT, NCIX, etc) explain some more advanced concepts but not as much from the engineering/computer science side and are more IT technician level. This makes these crash courses thoroughly enjoyable as they strike at familiar concepts but from a new perspective.
I appreciate the feedback!
You have the courage and knowledge to venture into the fundamental topics about what is going on inside a cpu,gpu or whatsoever.Since you are majoring in Computer Engineering ,may be thats why you explain this like a boss.Huge thanks from Asia
Brilliant coverage. Informative and thorough as usual. Thanks Greg.
I already knew the answer before viewing the video, I just wanted to see what your answer was. I'm impressed, it was very well explained.
Woah dude your channel is growing so fast, like maybe a week or 2 ago you had like 60-65k subs and now you have over 70k
I've just subscribed. Dude these videos are freaking amazing thank you.
I appreciate it!
i was waiting more science focused video , thank you Greg! it was time! Science in science studio, like the old times at the beginning, but now is tech science, i love it too !
Yes, exactly!
SUPER happy quantum tunneling was addressed, as we are approaching that size VERY fast. As a computer science graduate, I always appreciated the logic and structure/execition of a CPU, but I've always wanted to know more about the physical characteristics of it. This EE crash course was really well done and touched on a lot of things I was wondering about.
Are we really? i thought we had at least another 20 years
Quantum tunneling IIRC happens at around 6nm. We've already shrunk from 32nm to 14nm in 5 years.
Can you do a follow up video on how processors work? Mainly, how does the processor properly route data inside itself if it can't think?
love your channel
some thing about quantum tunneling
it's effect that explains why subatomic particles
can pass barriers they are not supposed to in this case electrons
passing insulating barriers in transistors and it's cause an effect called leakage.
and a bit explanation about it, the effect is statistical that means you can't determine which and when electron
will pass the barrier but you can determine the odds for it, and the odds increase as you shrink things down. in matter of fact this phenomenon can be applied to our daily world but the odds are so slim it literately impossible to happen. bit further explanation to the phenomenon can be explained with the wave-particle concept.
Can you place all your "crash course" videos into a single playlist? id like to just sit down and binge all of them some time
Wow, i just found your channel and it seems that i finally get answers to all my questions i had about computers. Just a little annoying that i have to watch many parts of the video twice since i'm swiss and my english isn't perfect. Usually i don't have a problem with fast english, but together with many new terms it's quite hard... Anyway, thank you for doing this!
Thanks for watching!
Hey man love the channel. just commenting on a idea for a future video you could try. Try something similar to scrapyard wars but instead of a head to head competition just document 1 full build from all used parts buying straight from craigslist and all the interactions. Think alot of people would get a kick out of that.
This channel keeps getting cooler. Or hotter, depending on how you look at it.
"welcome to crash course" did you just say that our are you going to make this a, series? You really should!
I subbed when you were 20k subs, NOW! NOW! 70K! Keep up the good work
Ok that was smooth. You talked about energy and how everything gives of heat. Then you say "but you're pretty cool" XD
This is literally better than school! Love you!
Such a good channel. Seriously. You may not have the numbers of Jay/Joker/Kyle but your content sure as hell is as good as theirs.
I appreciate the kind words!
I reckon he pumps out better and more enjoyable content than any of the 3 people you mentioned tbh.
+Science Studio Woo, reply! No probs though, was 100% genuine.
I like that you talk fast. That's one of the main reasons for me to watch your videos instead of the other hundreds of similar topics. I watch all my other favourite channels on x1.25 or x1.5 speed and thank RUclips for integrating that option! :D
Except Techquickie. I watch it on x1 speed and even sometimes rewind. Linus has some mad rap and freestyle skills :D
This is even more interesting if you are studying computer sience on your own. Great video locking forward to see more of this content :)
My Brain.exe has stopped working.
Razor FX That was original.
I hate getting about life, but you're channel is pretty great! Also, as an EE, I enjoy the slightly more micro approach you have. Cheers! I subscribed!
Welcome aboard!
Great video I love the science part other channels just don't go into that much detail but the details matter
I love your videos. They expand my knowledge beyond what I already knew!!! 8-)
Love these type vids. Keep 'em coming. :D
All those "transistors" in that grid early in the video. My brain... Hypnotoad would be proud.
Now your channel name makes sense... great videos keep up .
Greg, good video. Thanks for the crash course
70k Subscribers already!
Congrats!
Why this channel only has 70k subs? You deserve more! I give you one btw :D
Subscribed!
Welcome aboard!
Great video. Keep this kinda content coming.
You make some really informative videos. Subbed.
You're quickly becoming one of my favorite youtubers, you're extremely unbiased and you have such a great way of explaining things, really happy I am a subscriber
I really like your videos, great content and very informative! keep going on. from Dominican Republic.
just subscribed.... everyday such a professional video ...i dont want to miss
Welcome aboard!
I really like your content. Your topics are very relevant to current topics and also in the world of technology. :)
this is actually the 1st video I've watch on this channel that are actually science ish
Could you do a crash course video on exactly how CPU's and/or GPU's work?
Love the videos dude, keep it up
Hey man great videos! Keep up the great work :)
this is now my favourite tech channel. Well maybe Digital Foundry gotta love that in depth fps analysis. But this is a close second.
That video was fantastic. :D
Some might say it's too complicated, but It was well explained.
as a computer engineer i agree :) and true your explanation on the transistor is stupidly simple and i like it
Having worked in power electronics I learned that at the off state and the on state of a transistor have simple restive losses (IR). during the change from on to off to on, however the transistor has switching losses. this why clock speed has such a heat curve. the sum of switching losses exceeds the restive losses
I find this type of video very entertaining and I feel it suits more of the "Science Studio" theme. Its kinda like a tech oriented Vsauce. I would love to see more.
More of these kinds of video's! That is awesome.
Working on the heat fix ...good talk.😎
Crash course videos are a series that defenitively needs to stay on the channel!
Wow, great video! Keep the great content coming :D
great video, keep up the amazing work!
dude you make such interesting videos I love it.
So informative, love your videos!
Hey! I would like to say, your videos are great and are high quality! I would like to congratulate you on 70k subs, and I hope for many, many more in the future!
This subject has the potential to be talked about more throughout.
Damn your channel is growing fast! Congrats
I appreciate your support! You've been here for quite a while.
You're quite welcome, you're putting out awesome content!
WOW... THIS IS A GOOD INFO and VID... LOVE it... Do more plz... very enjoy it
I just love this channel.
FINALY... SOMETHING RELATED TO SCIENCE... NOW I'M HAPPY I SUBSCRIBER UR CHANNEL... :)