June 4, 2021: The glitch that was reported in the caption file (where it was repeating / completely out of sync) has been corrected. Please let us know if the problem returns! If there are any concerns with translated captions, or if you’d like to contribute translated captions, please visit www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles We pin comments if we receive feedback that we need to address or clarifications! 1. After a useful comment, we did want to note that there are different models for the potential host cell shown. This "early mitochondria" model shows a prokaryote - likely an Archaean - this is the model this video shows. However, other models can show a more complex proto-eukaryote or ancestor eukaryotic cell host. There is debate about the host cell based on these models. Some further reading suggestions that show these models: mbio.asm.org/content/11/3/e00955-20 , www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640172/ , and www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(15)00889-1# . If we ever remake this video, we think it would be neat to discuss these in regard to the host cell. We added a card and edit for this video; we find this fascinating! 2. We are grateful for the comment about the microbe inside our termite. The microbe in the termite gut that is drawn at 4:57 is a better representation of some of eukaryotic microbes that can live in a termite---but unfortunately----it pops out when we say "prokaryote." We wish we could replace the image with a prokaryote or fix the timing (to come after our box which pops up 3 seconds later at 5:00). The text we have at 5:00 that says "along with other microorganisms" is because you will find many types of microorganisms in termites---both eukaryotes and prokaryotes---in termites. Would you like to see a listing of more microbes in termites? Check out this awesome MicrobeWiki! microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Termite_gut
Hi! I know that this video was made over two years ago, but I am just now discovering your channel and it is super helpful. I have a quick tip that has helped me from other channels for different subjects. It would be very helpful if you could link in the description a note-taking guide from Microsoft Word or Google Docs or something easy like that for the subject. Thanks!
@@denisedagnino6620 Actually, protozoa (which are eukaryotes) also are important in digesting cellulose within termites. [Source from Berkeley: ucmp.berkeley.edu/protista/basalprotists.html ]
My dears amoebas, I notice that the subititles in Portuguese are out of sync. I took the liberty to fix it, and send to you by the Google Forms. I hope it will help others. Thank you so much and keep your great work!
Because the term "Teacher" has about as many requirements to use as the term ""Neutritionalist", "Dietitian" is the term for the actual professionals, "Neutritionalist" is what knockoffs use to avoid impersonating a medical professional, and people using "Teacher" don't even try.
It's because teachers need to find a way to end the class with lessons finished in a certain length. The long time you are put in a class doesn't engage your mind.
Imao it happens because we are told to write down texts or read material we don't know well, this video instead gives us a simple explanation for all topics related, something we can build up knowledge from. You need to learn how to crawl before you can walk.
Imma direct second year uni student and I love what you guys do! My sister who is in high school told me about your page and I found myself here watching your videos as a recap after being in the Navy for two years. Hope to be able to work with you guys someday. We need more of these channels to get people back into science :D Greetings from Singapore :)
When I was younger I watched this all the time, and I have too say, you guys have come a long way in art and explaining. Thanks for staying dedicated to teaching!
Jesus Christ is lord of all! God bless you all! Nothing, and I mean NOTHING, is too difficult for the Lord our God, with Christ, ALL things are possible!
our teacher spent half an hour explaining endosymbiotic theory and i still could not get it and this simple 5 minute video explained it so well that nor do i understand it, i also had fun learning, great job!
THE fact that I have adhd and couldn't even concentrate for 5 min om this video but before hyperfocused on Quantum Physics(and I don't even have Physics att school lol)
I remember reading one sentence of this theory in my highschool bio textbook and it was as if the heavens opened up, it made so much sense to me! I am so happy that other people are also excited when hearing about this, thank you for creating such enjoyable videos!
I don't get it? If the larger prokaryote engulfed those smaller prokaryotes, then it's main purpose would have been nutrition right? So how come it just decided to not digest them as soon as it took them inside???
Love the videos so much, you guys have taught me more in 5 minutes than my actual teacher has all year. You guys should do a video on fungus and prions
No need to embarrass yourself trying to explain how the first prokayote developed its complicated cell wall, the peptydoglycan layer. I like how you say the prokaryote somehow just evolved into a eucaryote which has lipid bilayer. You need to admit that this whole video is just a guess and has no basis in science.
You guys are like really awesome...The humour you have and the way of explaining science could hv never been this interesting..Keep up the good work and tell me when that reality show 2:39 is coming..
After reading through the textbook for hours, this video definitely put it together nicely. I love this! This is easily the most helpful video explaining Endosymbiosis Theory :-)
Amazing video and explains the endosymbiotic theory really well, thank you. Towards the end of the video when you are commenting on endosymbiosis as an ongoing process, the video shows the image of a trichonympha, a protist that lives in termite gut that helps termite digest wood; and the audio comment says it's a prokaryote. This is a mistake as trichonympha is an eukaryote. Termites do have some spirochete bacteria in their gut that also help them digest wood. But the image and the comment should match with each other.
Thank you, that's great feedback! We have a box in the vid that comes up at 5:00 that says "along with other microorganisms" but it is 3 seconds too late...and the image is unfortunately timed with the word "prokaryote." We wish we could replace the image with a prokaryote or fix the timing (to come after box). We'll make a pinned comment! Thanks again.
Hello my name is Ted and I am a medicine student. There is a question , which I cannot find any answer. How did eucaryotic cells produce ATP before they had a mitochondria, which was evolved from a bacterium? Please I need an answer.
THANK YOU THANK YOU. I did not understand this at all reading the chapter in my biology book. I feel like I used to watch your videos in high school or middle school can't remember. So simple and to the point!
if I don't understand a science topic video that I watch in school, I literally go to your channel then I start to understand the topic because of the creativity you put in your vidssss
Hey you two, just wanna say thank you so much. I'm currently doing a report on cell theory for uni and just couldn't get my head around this until I saw your video!
Thank you so much for your videos. They're extremely helpful and easy to understand. Especially with all the animations. I'm taking summer school right now and whenever we learn new content your videos are almost always one of the videos we are told to watch.
Bediüzzaman: "...through the certain testimony of hundreds of sciences like these, the universe has been adorned with innumerable instances of wisdom, purposes, and beneficial things within a faultless, perfect order. And the order and wisdom given through that wondrous, all-encompassing wisdom to the totality of the universe have been included in small measure in seeds and the tiniest living creatures. It is clear and self-evident that aims, purposes, instances of wisdom, and benefits can only be followed through choice, will, intention, and volition, not in any other way. Neither could they be the work of unconscious causes and nature, which lack will, choice, and purpose, nor could they interfere in them."
like to add some more info, the ribosome size in mitochondria is similar to sibosome size of prokaryotes, thus this also acts as evidence that mitochondria might have evolved from bacteria, great video btw.
Fan of your chaneI. I suggest you make some corrections. Usually accepted that aerobic bacteria and cyanobacteria were engulfed by an EUKARYOTIC CELL, not a procaryont. Other organeles HAVE NOT arisen from endosymbiosis. Secondary endosymbiosis explains the existence of CHLOROPLAST in a large and unrelated variety of eukaryonts. Bacteria living in the gut of termites are NOT comparable to the endosymbiotic event since it implies the procariont living INSIDE the cell, NOT on its surface.
Thanks for your comment. It brings up an interesting discussion, because we think your first comment is related to the different models proposed regarding the host cell? For the model we used, we can provide sources discussing a large, anaerobic host cell [that engulfs the others mentioned] and have described it as an "anaerobic, heterotrophic prokaryote" or an Archaean host; although, we also have encountered sources that will identify it instead as a "proto-eukaryote" or "ancestral eukaryote." We think some of this might depend on terminology and some of it may also depend on the model illustrated. We note there are several models: some shown here in this paper from the American Society of Microbiology in their Figure 1 mbio.asm.org/content/11/3/e00955-20 where the model we have shown is similar to "symbiogenesis" in that figure and similar to other sources like Berkely's page here: evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/endosymbiosis_03 and would be different from the others shown. This paper addresses some of the evidence for an Archae host: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640172/ In this paper, there are "mitochondria late" or "mitochondria early" models shown (see figure 1): www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(15)00889-1# with your statement supporting a "mitochondria late" stance and requiring a more complex cell prior. This video only shows one model. Both models, however, involve an endosymbiosis but the characteristics of the host cell differ. Perhaps it would be helpful for us to put a note in the video where viewers can see the other models OR to note that this host cell may be considered an "ancestral" or "precursor" eukaryotic cell. The main goal of our video remains to introduce the endosymbiotic theory where these aerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria can function within the host cell, and the complexity giving rise to a modern eukaryotic cell. Regarding your comment about the microbes in termites - we mention at the end of the video an endosymbiotic relationship of bacteria within a termite, here defining endosymbiosis as one organism living inside another. This is only to show students an example of one organism living within another one. The endosymbiotic bacteria in the gut of termites is discussed in this paper in depth by the American Society of Microbiology where they also use this term "endosymbiotic" aem.asm.org/content/71/12/8811
Is it possible to put whatever you say in text? Im trying to write everything down but i have to go back, stop the video, write down and write again. This would help me and so many others! please consider! Thank you!
RUclips actually has this feature built in. :) Our link here www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/tips-for-our-youtube-viewers shows you how to view the video's transcript (scroll down to the 5th tip)!
I'm wondering about the cpDNA and mtDNA. If any genes got transfered between them that brought this all about. I'm certain that can still happen, even if there is a billion years between the events. Maybe one just took longer to work.
Just a quick question/observation for the sisters: you said that is possible that chloroplasts developed after the mitochondria. Do you mean, inside eukaryotes? Because in general, it is believed that autotrophs existed before, since sun light was present on earth before oxygen. So photosynthetic prokaryotes may precede the aerobic ones.... I think. I guess you mean, animals preceded plants... since first everyone had a mitochondria, and only some will have chloroplasts? I guess is just a diversification that doesn't precisely provides time of appearance. It could have happened at the same time in different locations/conditions
![Tee Grizzley - Blow for Blow (feat. J. Cole) [Official Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/wNLN5xsx5dc/mqdefault.jpg)
June 4, 2021: The glitch that was reported in the caption file (where it was repeating / completely out of sync) has been corrected. Please let us know if the problem returns! If there are any concerns with translated captions, or if you’d like to contribute translated captions, please visit www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
We pin comments if we receive feedback that we need to address or clarifications! 1. After a useful comment, we did want to note that there are different models for the potential host cell shown. This "early mitochondria" model shows a prokaryote - likely an Archaean - this is the model this video shows. However, other models can show a more complex proto-eukaryote or ancestor eukaryotic cell host. There is debate about the host cell based on these models. Some further reading suggestions that show these models: mbio.asm.org/content/11/3/e00955-20 , www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640172/ , and www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(15)00889-1# . If we ever remake this video, we think it would be neat to discuss these in regard to the host cell. We added a card and edit for this video; we find this fascinating!
2. We are grateful for the comment about the microbe inside our termite. The microbe in the termite gut that is drawn at 4:57 is a better representation of some of eukaryotic microbes that can live in a termite---but unfortunately----it pops out when we say "prokaryote." We wish we could replace the image with a prokaryote or fix the timing (to come after our box which pops up 3 seconds later at 5:00). The text we have at 5:00 that says "along with other microorganisms" is because you will find many types of microorganisms in termites---both eukaryotes and prokaryotes---in termites. Would you like to see a listing of more microbes in termites? Check out this awesome MicrobeWiki! microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Termite_gut
Hi! Please make a video of comparison between cell theory and organismal theory
Hi! I know that this video was made over two years ago, but I am just now discovering your channel and it is super helpful. I have a quick tip that has helped me from other channels for different subjects. It would be very helpful if you could link in the description a note-taking guide from Microsoft Word or Google Docs or something easy like that for the subject. Thanks!
prokaryots digest cellulose, eukaryots dont.
@@denisedagnino6620 Actually, protozoa (which are eukaryotes) also are important in digesting cellulose within termites. [Source from Berkeley: ucmp.berkeley.edu/protista/basalprotists.html ]
My dears amoebas, I notice that the subititles in Portuguese are out of sync. I took the liberty to fix it, and send to you by the Google Forms. I hope it will help others. Thank you so much and keep your great work!
I swear how come a 5-minute video can teach me more than a 1-hour 30-minute class? XD you guys are amazing.
ikr
Because the term "Teacher" has about as many requirements to use as the term ""Neutritionalist", "Dietitian" is the term for the actual professionals, "Neutritionalist" is what knockoffs use to avoid impersonating a medical professional, and people using "Teacher" don't even try.
watching this while studying from the powerpoint cause the teacher didnt do shit
It's because teachers need to find a way to end the class with lessons finished in a certain length. The long time you are put in a class doesn't engage your mind.
Imao it happens because we are told to write down texts or read material we don't know well, this video instead gives us a simple explanation for all topics related, something we can build up knowledge from. You need to learn how to crawl before you can walk.
whos on online clases watching this
Me
not me but for fun
me BeCauSe ItS BeTTeR ThAn StuDyIng
here
me
You guys are so AMAZING!! My science teacher showed me your channel! I love how you mix science and comics together!!
Vivian Animates same
ikrrr! These people are SO frikin AWESOMEEEEEE!!!!!!!!!!!!
ikr my biology techer shows this and it helps on tests
i found them then after that my teacher told us about them
Me too
3:20
YEAH!!!!!
CHLOROPLASTS!!!!
That's me!
YAY!!!!!!
Yes, yes, we know you enjoy chloroplasts.
lol
the chloroplast, the myth , the legend
Why do I see you everywhere
Way too simple .. WHAT'S THAAAAAT SUPOSED TO MEAN??
First time that I see a prokaryotic cell offended !!! 😂
My teacher just gives me study guides and expects us to know the answers so this really helped a lot- 👍 great job
Sameeeee
Imma direct second year uni student and I love what you guys do! My sister who is in high school told me about your page and I found myself here watching your videos as a recap after being in the Navy for two years. Hope to be able to work with you guys someday. We need more of these channels to get people back into science :D
Greetings from Singapore :)
When I was younger I watched this all the time, and I have too say, you guys have come a long way in art and explaining. Thanks for staying dedicated to teaching!
Jesus Christ is lord of all! God bless you all! Nothing, and I mean NOTHING, is too difficult for the Lord our God, with Christ, ALL things are possible!
Well, Lord of everyone except the LGBT community right? Yea, that's what I thought...
"New Reality Show! Forced Roommates!" and they were roommates...
Oh my god, they were roommates
our teacher spent half an hour explaining endosymbiotic theory and i still could not get it and this simple 5 minute video explained it so well that nor do i understand it, i also had fun learning, great job!
THE fact that I have adhd and couldn't even concentrate for 5 min om this video but before hyperfocused on Quantum Physics(and I don't even have Physics att school lol)
I remember reading one sentence of this theory in my highschool bio textbook and it was as if the heavens opened up, it made so much sense to me! I am so happy that other people are also excited when hearing about this, thank you for creating such enjoyable videos!
I don't get it? If the larger prokaryote engulfed those smaller prokaryotes, then it's main purpose would have been nutrition right? So how come it just decided to not digest them as soon as it took them inside???
Hey! Don't you be dissin' the Weather Platypus! >:o
Ha! Yeah, right! HA HA HA!!
(Angry Perry the platypus noises)
@@birdie3813 😂😂
Love the videos so much, you guys have taught me more in 5 minutes than my actual teacher has all year. You guys should do a video on fungus and prions
fr
Fr just pay attention in class. Stop blaming your lack of knowledge on having a "bad teacher". Smh.
thanks sooooo much for making biology more fun and understandable ;3 I love these videos, keep up the good work!
This was actually funny "Pics or it didnt happen" 3:49 and 2:38 IM WAITING FOR THIS SHOW TO COME OUT
Thicc
Arturo N 🤣
Hella thicc
Dummy thicc
Wow! the amount of effort that's put into this. AH-MAAZIING! Thank youuu!
You have not explain how membrane bound organelles such as the nucleus and the endoplasma reticulum is evolved.
I have an exam on the next day pls pray for me😢
No need to embarrass yourself trying to explain how the first prokayote developed its complicated cell wall, the peptydoglycan layer. I like how you say the prokaryote somehow just evolved into a eucaryote which has lipid bilayer. You need to admit that this whole video is just a guess and has no basis in science.
No hablo inglés pero me vi el video con los subtítulos aunque no estaba bien del todo traducido, me encanto entendí mucho mejor!
My biology teacher wouldn’t stop showing us your videos , I think I’m becoming her ....
I'm confused about one thing prokaryotes had no nucleus so where does the nucleus come from in the eukaryote?
YESSS!!! I AM SO CONFUSED ABOUT THIS AS WELL, AND WHERE THE HELL DID THE MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELES COME FROM AS WELL!?!?!?!
My teacher called this channel too childish…jokes on her, this is better explained than her whole lesson.
Omg my teacher made us watch a 30 min video on this and I didn’t get anything. This basically cleared all my doubts in 5 mins! THANK U
I
I'm for sure going to ace the test, this channel explains more than my own school. Awesome job! 👏👏👏👏👍👍👍🙌🙌🙌
You guys are like really awesome...The humour you have and the way of explaining science could hv never been this interesting..Keep up the good work and tell me when that reality show 2:39 is coming..
Like if u like the Amoeba sisters
Comment if u dont like the Amoeba sisters
5:13
No, resistance is equal to current/voltage!
Then what will you use to create the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus
Wonderful video! I'm in nursing school and this truly helped me a lot with the discussion I have to do for this topic. You got my subscription!
0:49 loved that picture lol
Anyone here from Farrell's class?
My science teacher also showerd us your channel
What about golgi body? It doesn't have a seperate dna :(
After reading through the textbook for hours, this video definitely put it together nicely. I love this! This is easily the most helpful video explaining Endosymbiosis Theory :-)
This video is just a sort of ABSTRACT of endosymbiotic theory
Im sorry but, I love that end song. anyone else?
better watch before the staar test
Lance kaminsky Yeah!! Wait, you live in TX?
Double sisters San Antonio
brah I’m watching for my AP Biology test
I’m watching for fun
catsickle nerd
My science teacher showed me your videos, and I love them! They're awesome and enjoyable, and they help teach me so much in a fun way.
I've just come across this channel and the illustration is amazing :D
how is endosymbiosis important in cell theory?
I love your videos keep it up 😀:)
Amazing video and explains the endosymbiotic theory really well, thank you. Towards the end of the video when you are commenting on endosymbiosis as an ongoing process, the video shows the image of a trichonympha, a protist that lives in termite gut that helps termite digest wood; and the audio comment says it's a prokaryote. This is a mistake as trichonympha is an eukaryote. Termites do have some spirochete bacteria in their gut that also help them digest wood. But the image and the comment should match with each other.
Thank you, that's great feedback! We have a box in the vid that comes up at 5:00 that says "along with other microorganisms" but it is 3 seconds too late...and the image is unfortunately timed with the word "prokaryote." We wish we could replace the image with a prokaryote or fix the timing (to come after box). We'll make a pinned comment! Thanks again.
where and how do prokaryotes come into existence???????????????????????????
Hello my name is Ted and I am a medicine student.
There is a question , which I cannot find any answer.
How did eucaryotic cells produce ATP before they had a mitochondria, which was evolved from a bacterium?
Please I need an answer.
2:16 this seems like a Avatar movie now 😂😂😂😂
Hello can u pls explain about other kinds of plastids like chromoplasts and leucoplasts?
0:57 WHITNEY HOUSTON IS MY JAM
I was just about to say😂
Can prokaryotic cells be affected by viruses? They have DNA material so is it possible for viruses to affect them?
B.A. GAMER yes they can and they are called bacteriophages
Yes, yes. That is why bacteriophages can and will save millions of lives.
Omg did anyone get the WHATS THAT SUPPOSED TO MEAN joke!!?
**im 0 years old and even though I don't undertsnad it it entertains me**
0?!?! What the %@#*&^`~
THANK YOU THANK YOU. I did not understand this at all reading the chapter in my biology book. I feel like I used to watch your videos in high school or middle school can't remember. So simple and to the point!
really enjoyed the video , truly this channel is a science masterpiece thanks to simplify hard concept and help students around the world
i understood the theory even clearer now, thanks a lot!
Day before bio finals, and this vid just grasped my attention to biology.
if I don't understand a science topic video that I watch in school, I literally go to your channel then I start to understand the topic because of the creativity you put in your vidssss
So, are organelles still alive? This interests me so much. When you think about it we have all our cells living inside us. Very cool stuff.
Hey you two, just wanna say thank you so much. I'm currently doing a report on cell theory for uni and just couldn't get my head around this until I saw your video!
i love you amoeba sisters
Thank you so much for your videos. They're extremely helpful and easy to understand. Especially with all the animations. I'm taking summer school right now and whenever we learn new content your videos are almost always one of the videos we are told to watch.
Bediüzzaman: "...through the certain testimony of hundreds of sciences like these, the universe has been adorned with innumerable instances of wisdom, purposes, and beneficial things within a faultless, perfect order. And the order and wisdom given through that wondrous, all-encompassing wisdom to the totality of the universe have been included in small measure in seeds and the tiniest living creatures. It is clear and self-evident that aims, purposes, instances of wisdom, and benefits can only be followed through choice, will, intention, and volition, not in any other way. Neither could they be the work of unconscious causes and nature, which lack will, choice, and purpose, nor could they interfere in them."
This video explained everything so simple and easy , using amoeba sisters still in college 🙏🏻
I REALLY LOVE YOUR VIDEOS!
I LOVE YOUR CARTOONS! (they're SO cute, i always have to pause the video so that i can apreciate better the drawing).
There is a platypus that controls the weather. Who else would?
So how did the nucleus form?
The nucleus likely evolved from a genetic mutation in the first eukaryote that ever existed.
Egypt is the breadbasket of Rome and Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the Cell are very similar because both Rome and the Cell conquered the other
But primintive prokaryotes don't nucleus how come eukaryotes have nucleus?? Eukaryotes are evolved from prokaryotes
like to add some more info, the ribosome size in mitochondria is similar to sibosome size of prokaryotes, thus this also acts as evidence that mitochondria might have evolved from bacteria, great video btw.
I love your videos ❤️❤️ thank you for inspiring the inner explorer in me😊
your channel has helped me so much.. in bio 1 and bio 2... thank you guys so much!
What confuses me about this theory is how could something living evolve into something nonliving?
Do read books, look into urey miller experiment which proves it
You guys are the best. Making learning simple to understand is tough work! Keep up the good work!
Your videos help a lot but I find this a bit worse than all the other videos you make. I'm still unclear on some topics.
I have an honors bio test coming up. Thanks so much!
Trichonympha are Eukarya, not prokarya (symbiote in the termite gut)
i've been using your videos a lot recently and just wanted to say how amazing they are, thank you so much
?? The closed captions on this videos appear to be corrupt ear the end because they are talking about termites and not the topic of the video.
I am serious, YOU BOTH MUST MAKE A SOCIAL MEDIA ACC FOR MEMES!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
;v
Fan of your chaneI. I suggest you make some corrections.
Usually accepted that aerobic bacteria and cyanobacteria were engulfed by an EUKARYOTIC CELL, not a procaryont. Other organeles HAVE NOT arisen from endosymbiosis. Secondary endosymbiosis explains the existence of CHLOROPLAST in a large and unrelated variety of eukaryonts. Bacteria living in the gut of termites are NOT comparable to the endosymbiotic event since it implies the procariont living INSIDE the cell, NOT on its surface.
Thanks for your comment. It brings up an interesting discussion, because we think your first comment is related to the different models proposed regarding the host cell? For the model we used, we can provide sources discussing a large, anaerobic host cell [that engulfs the others mentioned] and have described it as an "anaerobic, heterotrophic prokaryote" or an Archaean host; although, we also have encountered sources that will identify it instead as a "proto-eukaryote" or "ancestral eukaryote." We think some of this might depend on terminology and some of it may also depend on the model illustrated. We note there are several models: some shown here in this paper from the American Society of Microbiology in their Figure 1 mbio.asm.org/content/11/3/e00955-20 where the model we have shown is similar to "symbiogenesis" in that figure and similar to other sources like Berkely's page here: evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/endosymbiosis_03 and would be different from the others shown. This paper addresses some of the evidence for an Archae host: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4640172/ In this paper, there are "mitochondria late" or "mitochondria early" models shown (see figure 1): www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(15)00889-1# with your statement supporting a "mitochondria late" stance and requiring a more complex cell prior. This video only shows one model. Both models, however, involve an endosymbiosis but the characteristics of the host cell differ. Perhaps it would be helpful for us to put a note in the video where viewers can see the other models OR to note that this host cell may be considered an "ancestral" or "precursor" eukaryotic cell. The main goal of our video remains to introduce the endosymbiotic theory where these aerobic bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria can function within the host cell, and the complexity giving rise to a modern eukaryotic cell.
Regarding your comment about the microbes in termites - we mention at the end of the video an endosymbiotic relationship of bacteria within a termite, here defining endosymbiosis as one organism living inside another. This is only to show students an example of one organism living within another one. The endosymbiotic bacteria in the gut of termites is discussed in this paper in depth by the American Society of Microbiology where they also use this term "endosymbiotic" aem.asm.org/content/71/12/8811
so funny
Thank you for making the endosymbiotic theory so clear and understandable.
That was a complete illumination for me 😦
me: studies something bio related
me: sees that theres an ameoba sisters video about it
me: yessir
Is it possible to put whatever you say in text? Im trying to write everything down but i have to go back, stop the video, write down and write again. This would help me and so many others! please consider! Thank you!
RUclips actually has this feature built in. :) Our link here www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/tips-for-our-youtube-viewers shows you how to view the video's transcript (scroll down to the 5th tip)!
mr bentz thinks your guys voices are annoying as hell
4:45 you should use paramecium bursaria instead as an example.
I have a test on endosymbiotic theory in 10 minutes
Mitochondrias ribosome is same in size as of bacteria i.e 70s
OMG the amoeba sisters 🙀🙀🙀🙀🙀😍😍😍 I’m fan #1 I can’t breathe 😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱😱
I'm wondering about the cpDNA and mtDNA. If any genes got transfered between them that brought this all about. I'm certain that can still happen, even if there is a billion years between the events. Maybe one just took longer to work.
Just a quick question/observation for the sisters: you said that is possible that chloroplasts developed after the mitochondria. Do you mean, inside eukaryotes? Because in general, it is believed that autotrophs existed before, since sun light was present on earth before oxygen. So photosynthetic prokaryotes may precede the aerobic ones.... I think. I guess you mean, animals preceded plants... since first everyone had a mitochondria, and only some will have chloroplasts? I guess is just a diversification that doesn't precisely provides time of appearance. It could have happened at the same time in different locations/conditions
Can you tell me the examples of photosynthetic bacteria and for ATP producing bacteria and engulfing bacteria...???
Wow amazing video thank you😃😃
Fun fact these theories could actually be true cool but uh oh