The thing with black holes, is that if you pass the event horizon (ignoring any potential exotic physics, such as the idea of a firewall), there’s good reason to think that even faster than light travel won’t save you. Since black holes can be thought of as functionally infinitely dense, it follows that the spacetime inside the event horizon is (functionally) curves to a single point in all directions.
Starlifting could be used to prevent a red giant phase for our sun. We could turn it into a red dwarf and feed it hydrogen from time to time. Issac Arthur style :) The idea of being on a planet ejected from the galaxy is pure horror, that has to be the worst
In order to locate these places, do NOT refer to RUclips videos that attempt to explain declination/right ascension coordinates on the celestial sphere. You could guess and get a better idea. Just sayin. Great video! Love you both!
Cool stuff from two cool dudes. Two simple comments. First, a civilization in a dwarf galaxy in the middle of a cosmic void would still want to check for planets on nearby stars. The telescopes capable of doing that would easily detect galaxies outside the local void. Second, for life in Europa the “ground” would likely be the inner surface of the ice sheet. The hydrothermal vents would then be in the “sky”.
There has been a guy who stuck his head in a particle accelerator attempting a repair. Some how it accidentally fired and blew a hole through his head. He survived.
Accelerators are used for cancer treatment. Any "holes", if we can even call that, are microscopic. Google "proton treatment" for one example. Definitely neither spectacular, nor movie-like, nor deadly.
It didn't blow a hole through his head like he was Phineas Gage. It was more like a radiation burn that followed a cylindrical path through his skull. There was massive cell damage and death in the path of the beam, but there was no hole that was immediately present in his head.
"Nightfall" is a 1941 science fiction novelette by American writer Isaac Asimov about the coming of darkness to the people of a planet ordinarily illuminated by sunlight at all times. - Wikipedia / A beautiful story worth reading.
There's abiogenesis work suggesting that you also need tidal pools that partially dry out repeatedly just to start getting the initial amino acids and poly peptides, plus regular blasts of UV radiation, so a totally enclosed ocean would have to have another way to get those reactions started
Around 50:00 - I was thinking about the reason why the universe didn't just form a black hole the moment it came into being - or if you like, why multiples didn't form then merge. If the fundamental forces were different then that could be an explanation. Maybe mass was repulsive? I've never really seen a good timeline of the early universe, which might be just the way it is, considering that period is so beyond what we can probe with our current technology. I also wonder if we are looking at this the wrong way. Maybe the early universe had beings that subjectively experienced time more quickly - or rather, that the pace of events was immensely faster, so that intelligence of some alien nature could evolve, and create a civilisation that faced the equivalent of the "big rip" - the phase change into our universe - and had to deal with knowing that they were going to die, and everything they had ever done would be utterly destroyed. I wonder if they could have tried to at least leave a message for us? Some modification in the background radiation of the universe? Maybe we already missed it as it faded away?
Hi Sir, I have a simple (may be) question, there is a room and two persons are counting some identical objects say x, one person is counting x and putting it inside a bag, the role of another person is to just watch so that there is no mistake in counting. To save the time the person watching just says some random three digit number between 700 and 800 based on his visual judgement, now the question is what are the chances of that number being the exact number matching with the actual quality of item x after they finish the counting process.
The thing about life on Europa is that it would be geothermally driven with an ice shell enclosing the planet. So from the perspective of life in this world, the surface may actually be analogous to the deep sea floor on earth, not much life when compared to lower depths. So even if there were intelligent life forms, would it even realise breaking through the ice would lead to anything worth exploring?
oh my god i love you both keep making videos id rather watch this than garbage TV specials loaded with commercials and misinformation so thats what i will KEEP doing
Lorentz factor for a black hole is sqrt(1-schwarzchild radius/distance). Therefore time dilation effects are more extreme, the larger the black hole, given a certain distance from the event horizon.
I clicked on the triple dots on top right and there is no option for captions on this video, for most of your videos it does have the option so thats why I'm confused, thanks very much!!!!
These gigantic blue/white stars that exist for a relatively short period ....i take that they do so because their mass isn't great enough to last for billions or more years, correct ? i was wondering what initially comes in to play that results in a star like our sun being able to burn for billions of years as opposed to the giant stars ? sorry if it's a dumb question.....anybody know ?
Thanks for this video full of fascinating information. But I must say I disagree with the idea that people on a planet with no stars in the sky would have problems developing agriculture. There can be many forms of calendar that are not based on stars or constellations. If the planet has a rotation it would have days and nights. And if it has an axis tilt it would have seasons. Any intelligent species would have the ability to recognize and predict patterns so the inhabitants could develop a calendar based on how many days have passed since the last time it was cold or warm or rainy. And if the planet has at least one natural satellite they would also have some form of lunar calendar. Earth's earliest calendars are based on astronomical phenomena because that was the most obvious cyclical think humans saw, but on a different planet, a civilization can base their calendar on other natural cycles. Even in a hypothetical planet has no cyclical events whatsoever, its inhabitants could have an agriculture based on a perennial plant that yields fruit all year around, making calendars unnecessary. They would have a different perception of time than us, but that wouldn't stop them from growing crops.
Minnie- when Mickey's away on business... On a (somewhat) more serious note, I stumbled upon What is Gravity pt.1 whilst poking around looking for interesting- and entertaining!- podcasts. So between yours, and a few other I guess affiliated ones, I'm now hooked, and pretty much set for my retirement life. So thanks for doing all of this stuff!
You mentioned that life on a planet in a void zone might not even be able to navigate its own world let alone look out to a universe they can’t “visualize”. What if they developed Magnetoreception as many Earth species / organisms use to navigate? You speak of life on worlds such as Europa. How would it navigate given that the spectrum of light that we are accustomed to would not exist?
So what would a universe look like that never had it's 4 fundamental separated. What would simple life look like in that universe? And what wod advance life look like?
The super void reminded of the people at the end of the third Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy book who found out they weren't the only thing in the universe and tried to destroy it. There's also a short story "A Pail of Air"by Fritz Leiber that is about the Earth after it gets kicked out of the solar system.
Seems like the merger of The Milky Way and Andromeda is about the same eon as when Sol becomes a red giant. Excellent to be at the Outer Rim or some safer location. Excellent program!
The first place that would be terrible to live sounds like the people would be quite like owls. Because during certain nights when the moon goes dark completely for a day or so (if the planet has a moon) the entire face of that planet that is experiencing nighttime, would be shrouded in total darkness-no other stars. Scary.
So if I’m understanding this correctly, stellar sized black holes actually have stronger time dilation effects than supermassive black holes, just due to the fact that their event horizon is closer to the actual singularity? That’s neat.
So if you could see metallic hydrogen, would it be hypothesized to appear more like a solid? Or would it look more like mercury and have a fluid metallic appearance?
Is it just me or does Paul act differently with John than he does with Fraser? I feel like he's more subdued than usual here. Paul just be yourself man, you are awesome!
i think you should be challenged on some of these: it's pretty interesting you think a galactic merger is going to suddenly end star production, when it's considered likely that the milky way has gobbled up several galaxies over the course of it's life already. this isn't the only example, but some of these 'top ten' items are pretty iffy man :\
Wouldn't interstellar travel be fairly dangerous if there are that many rogue planets in addition to all the smaller bodies? Smashing into a planet would be rather inconvienient
Far less so than you would think, as the planets are utterly dwarfed by the enormous amounts of space between them. It's like how people think of the Asteroid belt as crowded when in reality it isn't.
Let me just say I love the content from both of you guys (and I have to admit this is not the first time I've been watching this video). But I'm a little bit baffled by your statement at 12:14 and no comment mentioning it yet. The Schwarzschild radius for the estimated mass of Sgr A* of 4.3 M solar masses is about 0.085 AU. But that's not even Mercury orbit. Am I missing something or did you just confuse something there?
I think they got that one completely wrong. If I recall correctly, the most massive black holes discovered (20.0 B+ solar masses) are the ones that would engulf Jupiter's orbit and beyond.
I agree astronomie is "kind of a big deal" and I hadn't realized it had helped us develop in so many ways - including agriculture. However, I wonder if you guys are not projecting humanity onto that lonely civilization in the void with it's lone start. To say they may not have explored their whole planet, or developped much agriculture I think is to consider things from humanity's viewpoint too much. We relied on these tools and they seem to us somewhat essential BECAUSED they were available. I'm not sure I would conclude causality runs the other way. It may very well be that they would have used some other methods to predict sowing times. Or perhaps they would have just had less efficient agriculture/navigation for a while, until their tech improved to find others ways to get to the same means. So maybe it would have hindered their development, but what's a couple more thousands years as nomadic "farmers" when you have all the time in the universe on your lonely start?
How can we assume that any civilization in those void place will not have developed any means to study? What if they have evolved into some form which has much higher intelligence or means to find or learn about the universe. Or even learn about kinds of stuff in the void.
An isolated civ in a void would probably stumble sideways into detecting distant galaxies, one way or another, without deliberately making big telescopes. Via radio maybe. We only discovered the galaxies recently, in the last century, using telescopes, but I bet we would have found them by now without telescopes.
Oh, I think this would be a good follow up question: How would people like us navigate oceans if there were literally no other stars in the night sky-only one moon. Kinda depressing and scary to think about.
Not to be picking a nit, but is Andromeda heading towards us, are we heading towards it, or both? Also, you think right now there is someone out there watching a video that's telling them "and in 5 billion years, when the milky way collides with our galaxy..."?
I love all your videos which are on my weekly list of things to watch/listen to, but although I watch yours and some others I still have unanswered questions about the planets. Could you do a video explaining some things about the planets in our system? For example, we know the radius of Earth, obviously we stand on it, but what about Jupiter, we generally think of it as massive, but most of that is atmosphere, hundreds if not thousands of miles/km of it. Jupiter if we look at a solid or liquid core is possibly quite small, so why don't we measure Earth's atmosphere as part of its radius? I have read it is down to pressure, but that does not add up when you add in Mars and Venus which have very different pressure to Earth but are still measured from the rocky surface not a bit below the surface up up in the clouds? Also would be good to have something on the early solar system looking at what we think it was like, did it contain more stable planets for a long g period, were any of the moon's of the larger planets ever planets in their own right but got captured etc. Hypothetically what would happen if a large moon, say Io crashed into Jupiter, would it just swallow it and nothing much else, a bit like the comets we have seen or would it be more like the proposed Earth/Thea/Moon example? I have seen and read that other star systems have had giants way in closer to the star, but that over time if they stay there the solar winds from the parent star may strip the atmospheres leaving a small metallic core. Could it be that this is what we have with Mercury? If not why not but if possibly can we find out for sure, what would become signs, how long ago did it happen and over what period of time? Uranus and Neptune are described as being ice giants. What does this mean? Are they likely isn't frozen solid world's with thin atmospheres that could be landed on, or are they just giant snow storms loosely held together like a giant comet? Used to think of them as smaller versions of Saturn when I was a child but now I am not so sure? Finally although you can probably think of more, do we currently have the ability to build anything that can survive the pressures of Jupiter or Saturn long enough to get down to or at least near to the core to take readings and get them back to us? Sorry, maybe some or all of these questions are obvious to others, but not being a scientist and just an ordinary person reading and watching in his spare time I am curious. Thanks for any potential answer.
How would Dyson's big plant get started, evolutionarily? Not on the bottom, without sunlight. Not at the surface, without minerals. Not in between, with neither. You'd have to have plenty of minerals in the water already, and plenty of energy already without sunlight. So you'd have plenty of life already, and wouldn't need the plants.
Good question. My guess would be some sort of oddness going on with the interaction between the surface and the ocean below. Europa seems to have that going on, so maybe that might allow for evolutionary possibilities. But ultimately, who knows what's possible? Just have to go there and take a look.
Two part comment 1. best collaboration video ever the back and forth between the two of you is awesome please do more. 2. Paul please never do the monotone again it works for John but not for you keep to the animated Paul please.
You should make a video on the sun, the scale of its expansion, and discuss the possibilities that we may have lived on Venus and had to genetically modify our DNA to survive on Earth. Is our next home Mars? Is that too scifi?. Anyways this is for all you global warming guys out there .
Sterile isolated frozen rogue planet would be good for a post biological civ wanting to be left alone? Drifting alone for epochs, possibly plugged into a virtual utopia
Hmm. Intelligent life on a planet in a cosmic void - I think you guys seriously underestimate the cleverness even we humans can muster to figure things out, like counting the days between the changes of season to know when to harvest and watching the phases of a possible moon and the location of the rising and setting of our own star. Same thing with studying the few astronomical objects visible - maybe that civilization would develop scientific techniques vastly better than ours at what they could observe, and faster than we have due to a focusing effect.
Hey Paul I love the vids you make. Everything about space is awesome to me, i love learning about it. I had a question about Magnetars, with there magnetic field as strong as they are, while approaching one before you hit the 1000 mile mark. Would the iron and metal of the things your wearing get sucked out of you? Even the iron in your blood would get ripped out before you were destabelized at the molecular level? Im just curious if thats the case, please let me know if you can, Thank You and keep up the good work.
IF the human race still exists when it's our star's time to go into it's red giant phase then surely our technology by then would be so advanced that moving planets about and keeping stars going for billions of years longer should be very easy for us?
The Universe? Really? 1st Question; You Understand what causes gravity and how gravity works? Yes? 2nd Question; You UNDERSTAND Big to small is the secret to the Universe REVEALED? Yes? 3rd Question; You Understand the Atom is still a Theory today 2022.? Wikipedia (Atomic Theory) current Theoretical model of the Atom. Theory defined- Not proven, doesn't exist. 4th Question; You UNDERSTAND the Entire planet is Eden? Erde,Erden, Eden German for dirt?
![Blox Fruits Dragon Rework Update [Full Stream]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EqDAp8udhm0/mqdefault.jpg)
I'm afraid this list is not yet complete. You have yet to mention my mother in law's house.
She seemed nice...
Lol, like the name. Rusty Shackelford, Dales best alias.
Rusty Shackleford , bahahaha
i thought your name was hilarious, but then i saw the satanist styx avatar ahahahahaha
The worst places vid was better because it's longer I could listen to the both of you all day Great work. Paul & John
Ha, thanks! JMG is awesome to chat with.
Yeah I enjoyed the conversational style too, great stuff.
If only there were 2 other knowledgeable guys to join you two.. named Richard and George.🤣
Nice collab guys! You just KNOW that teenagers in the future will be daring each other to see how close they can take Dad's spaceship to a black hole
The thing with black holes, is that if you pass the event horizon (ignoring any potential exotic physics, such as the idea of a firewall), there’s good reason to think that even faster than light travel won’t save you.
Since black holes can be thought of as functionally infinitely dense, it follows that the spacetime inside the event horizon is (functionally) curves to a single point in all directions.
Wonderful video, best discussion I've listened to in ages.Great stuff.
Thanks, I appreciate that!
Great vid. Loved that conversational format.
Thanks, it's fun to chat!
There's a short story about earth being kicked out of the solar system. It's called `A Pail of Air` and is a pretty good read.
I'll have to check it out!
Great visuals, spectacular topic. Thumbnail was better than most stuff you can see in an arts museum.
Thanks, it was fun to record!
You are funny together. I really enjoyed this. I hope to see more collaborations in the future!
Thanks, I always enjoy chatting with JMG :)
Great collab! I came here from JMG's channel, and am here to stay!
:) This channel is a RUclips gem.
Yay!
Yeah me too actually - it's great it helps to find interesting stuff
This is just a awesome episode.
Thanks, it was fun to record!
Love this stuff. You guys are going to have me turning this stuff over in my head for weeks!
Ha! Glad we gave you something to chew on :)
I really liked this and subscribed. Also, blown away that you took time to read and reply to so many comments! 10/10
Starlifting could be used to prevent a red giant phase for our sun. We could turn it into a red dwarf and feed it hydrogen from time to time. Issac Arthur style :)
The idea of being on a planet ejected from the galaxy is pure horror, that has to be the worst
That's so hilariously impractical it's hardly even worth considering.
i love the universe, excellent video
Likewise!
YAY! thanks to this collaboration i found another awesome channel :O what a great day!
Woohoo!
I was just smiling when you guys were talking about refueling a star. I was thinking something along the lines of "Make The Sun Great Again"!
Make the Sun Shine Again!
Is that a comment mimicking the new Yankee president?
@@PaulMSutter Amen! Thanks for reading and replying. Very few do this and we crave communication with you guys!! You have a good sense of humor too!
In order to locate these places, do NOT refer to RUclips videos that attempt to explain declination/right ascension coordinates on the celestial sphere.
You could guess and get a better idea.
Just sayin.
Great video!
Love you both!
You are criminally undersubscribed!
I'm very appreciative of anyone who watches :)
Cool stuff from two cool dudes. Two simple comments. First, a civilization in a dwarf galaxy in the middle of a cosmic void would still want to check for planets on nearby stars. The telescopes capable of doing that would easily detect galaxies outside the local void.
Second, for life in Europa the “ground” would likely be the inner surface of the ice sheet. The hydrothermal vents would then be in the “sky”.
supercool collaboration.. thanks for the great work an my new top 10 channel to listen too. Subscribed immediately to this channel. 👍👍👍
Score!
Galaxy merging is like neighbor fight: its fun to watch from distance.
There has been a guy who stuck his head in a particle accelerator attempting a repair. Some how it accidentally fired and blew a hole through his head. He survived.
he's blue now, with godlike powers...i think he calls himself dr Manhattan or something like that
Accelerators are used for cancer treatment. Any "holes", if we can even call that, are microscopic. Google "proton treatment" for one example. Definitely neither spectacular, nor movie-like, nor deadly.
It didn't blow a hole through his head like he was Phineas Gage. It was more like a radiation burn that followed a cylindrical path through his skull. There was massive cell damage and death in the path of the beam, but there was no hole that was immediately present in his head.
That's cool, I didn't know that!
20pts for the Phineas Gage reference.
Awesome mate more of this please!
Will do!
"Nightfall" is a 1941 science fiction novelette by American writer Isaac Asimov about the coming of darkness to the people of a planet ordinarily illuminated by sunlight at all times. - Wikipedia / A beautiful story worth reading.
Thanks for the great video!
Subbed to both channels
Awesome, welcome aboard!
There's abiogenesis work suggesting that you also need tidal pools that partially dry out repeatedly just to start getting the initial amino acids and poly peptides, plus regular blasts of UV radiation, so a totally enclosed ocean would have to have another way to get those reactions started
Thanks Paul and John! Your channels are excellent :)
Thanks! Always fun to collaborate with John!
Thanks, it's always fun to collab with John!
Around 50:00 - I was thinking about the reason why the universe didn't just form a black hole the moment it came into being - or if you like, why multiples didn't form then merge.
If the fundamental forces were different then that could be an explanation. Maybe mass was repulsive?
I've never really seen a good timeline of the early universe, which might be just the way it is, considering that period is so beyond what we can probe with our current technology.
I also wonder if we are looking at this the wrong way. Maybe the early universe had beings that subjectively experienced time more quickly - or rather, that the pace of events was immensely faster, so that intelligence of some alien nature could evolve, and create a civilisation that faced the equivalent of the "big rip" - the phase change into our universe - and had to deal with knowing that they were going to die, and everything they had ever done would be utterly destroyed.
I wonder if they could have tried to at least leave a message for us? Some modification in the background radiation of the universe? Maybe we already missed it as it faded away?
Dying instantly in a magnetar implies living millions of years, just for the travel time. Sign me up.
Precisely!
What a way to go!
Magnetically dissolved atomic bonds - that's really going out with a bang. Silently.
Awesome collaboration!
Thanks, it was fun!
Hi Sir, I have a simple (may be) question, there is a room and two persons are counting some identical objects say x, one person is counting x and putting it inside a bag, the role of another person is to just watch so that there is no mistake in counting. To save the time the person watching just says some random three digit number between 700 and 800 based on his visual judgement, now the question is what are the chances of that number being the exact number matching with the actual quality of item x after they finish the counting process.
Feast of knowledge here! Way to go, guys!
Thanks, always fun to record these!
The thing about life on Europa is that it would be geothermally driven with an ice shell enclosing the planet. So from the perspective of life in this world, the surface may actually be analogous to the deep sea floor on earth, not much life when compared to lower depths. So even if there were intelligent life forms, would it even realise breaking through the ice would lead to anything worth exploring?
fun video, and very informative
Thank you, I appreciate it!
I"m surprised that I got a reply from you, and that it was so quick. Thanks! I always enjoy your content.
Cheers!
oh my god i love you both keep making videos id rather watch this than garbage TV specials loaded with commercials and misinformation
so thats what i will KEEP doing
Ha, thanks!
Great collaboration. 👍👍
Thanks, JMG is a blast!
Lorentz factor for a black hole is sqrt(1-schwarzchild radius/distance). Therefore time dilation effects are more extreme, the larger the black hole, given a certain distance from the event horizon.
Please add captions to all your future videos!!! Its loud at my work....
RUclips does auto captions with decent quality.
I clicked on the triple dots on top right and there is no option for captions on this video, for most of your videos it does have the option so thats why I'm confused, thanks very much!!!!
These gigantic blue/white stars that exist for a relatively short period ....i take that they do so because their mass isn't great enough to last for billions or more years, correct ? i was wondering what initially comes in to play that results in a star like our sun being able to burn for billions of years as opposed to the giant stars ? sorry if it's a dumb question.....anybody know ?
The gigantic mass actually suirtnes their lives! With so much gravity, their nuclear reactions run at a feverish pitch.
Thanks for the answer to my question . i really appreciate it.
Thanks for this video full of fascinating information. But I must say I disagree with the idea that people on a planet with no stars in the sky would have problems developing agriculture.
There can be many forms of calendar that are not based on stars or constellations. If the planet has a rotation it would have days and nights. And if it has an axis tilt it would have seasons. Any intelligent species would have the ability to recognize and predict patterns so the inhabitants could develop a calendar based on how many days have passed since the last time it was cold or warm or rainy. And if the planet has at least one natural satellite they would also have some form of lunar calendar. Earth's earliest calendars are based on astronomical phenomena because that was the most obvious cyclical think humans saw, but on a different planet, a civilization can base their calendar on other natural cycles.
Even in a hypothetical planet has no cyclical events whatsoever, its inhabitants could have an agriculture based on a perennial plant that yields fruit all year around, making calendars unnecessary. They would have a different perception of time than us, but that wouldn't stop them from growing crops.
Fair enough, good points!
I love these guys.they're such nerds.my kinda nerds. Please do more collabs guys.
A rough planet DOES has another source for heat if it has a companion body, heat from tides, like Pluto or Europa.
Europa is in orbit around a much more massive parent. We're not sure what's keeping Pluto warm.
Minnie- when Mickey's away on business...
On a (somewhat) more serious note, I stumbled upon What is Gravity pt.1 whilst poking around looking for interesting- and entertaining!- podcasts. So between yours, and a few other I guess affiliated ones, I'm now hooked, and pretty much set for my retirement life. So thanks for doing all of this stuff!
You mentioned that life on a planet in a void zone might not even be able to navigate its own world let alone look out to a universe they can’t “visualize”.
What if they developed Magnetoreception as many Earth species / organisms use to navigate?
You speak of life on worlds such as Europa. How would it navigate given that the spectrum of light that we are accustomed to would not exist?
Ur in the big time now Paul, Jon on ur show has just got u a like from me
So what would a universe look like that never had it's 4 fundamental separated. What would simple life look like in that universe? And what wod advance life look like?
It would be totally unrecognizable! And we don't know what that unified force looks/acts like, so who knows!
The super void reminded of the people at the end of the third Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy book who found out they weren't the only thing in the universe and tried to destroy it. There's also a short story "A Pail of Air"by Fritz Leiber that is about the Earth after it gets kicked out of the solar system.
Seems like the merger of The Milky Way and Andromeda is about the same eon as when Sol becomes a red giant. Excellent to be at the Outer Rim or some safer location. Excellent program!
Yes, very interesting times five billion years from now!
The first place that would be terrible to live sounds like the people would be quite like owls. Because during certain nights when the moon goes dark completely for a day or so (if the planet has a moon) the entire face of that planet that is experiencing nighttime, would be shrouded in total darkness-no other stars. Scary.
PLEASE, in regards to ~ 16:30 , look up Anatoli Bugorski. incredibly relevant and incredibly fascinating
So if I’m understanding this correctly, stellar sized black holes actually have stronger time dilation effects than supermassive black holes, just due to the fact that their event horizon is closer to the actual singularity? That’s neat.
So if you could see metallic hydrogen, would it be hypothesized to appear more like a solid? Or would it look more like mercury and have a fluid metallic appearance?
Gosh, how sad the existence would be in a void. It would be a truly lonely experience.
Thanks
Welcome!
Fantastic episodes.
Thanks!
Is it just me or does Paul act differently with John than he does with Fraser? I feel like he's more subdued than usual here. Paul just be yourself man, you are awesome!
We recorded this rather late in the evening. I was downing diet cokes the whole time to keep myself duct taped together :)
Like JMG said, it was a late evening recording, and I was just in a chill mood :)
Hey, the oceans of Europa were on the top 10 best places as well as the top 10 worst?
Funny how that works out ;)
It is the best of places; it is the worst of places.
aweaome collab!
Thanks, it always fun to chat with the JMG
What? No New Jersey??
I LOVE magnetars but I always thought they usually weren't millisecond pulsars?
Two of my favorite dudes!
i think you should be challenged on some of these: it's pretty interesting you think a galactic merger is going to suddenly end star production, when it's considered likely that the milky way has gobbled up several galaxies over the course of it's life already. this isn't the only example, but some of these 'top ten' items are pretty iffy man :\
Wouldn't interstellar travel be fairly dangerous if there are that many rogue planets in addition to all the smaller bodies? Smashing into a planet would be rather inconvienient
Far less so than you would think, as the planets are utterly dwarfed by the enormous amounts of space between them. It's like how people think of the Asteroid belt as crowded when in reality it isn't.
wow ty JMG, for showing me other amazing space dreamers like me
JMG is the best!
I arrived here using the Ivan Petrov quantum enfolding drive. Love it here L/s
Let me just say I love the content from both of you guys (and I have to admit this is not the first time I've been watching this video). But I'm a little bit baffled by your statement at 12:14 and no comment mentioning it yet. The Schwarzschild radius for the estimated mass of Sgr A* of 4.3 M solar masses is about 0.085 AU. But that's not even Mercury orbit. Am I missing something or did you just confuse something there?
I think they got that one completely wrong. If I recall correctly, the most massive black holes discovered (20.0 B+ solar masses) are the ones that would engulf Jupiter's orbit and beyond.
Question: Does the mechanism of cause and effect demand the universe recede eternally to avoid the paradox of a 'first cause'?
I agree astronomie is "kind of a big deal" and I hadn't realized it had helped us develop in so many ways - including agriculture.
However, I wonder if you guys are not projecting humanity onto that lonely civilization in the void with it's lone start. To say they may not have explored their whole planet, or developped much agriculture I think is to consider things from humanity's viewpoint too much. We relied on these tools and they seem to us somewhat essential BECAUSED they were available. I'm not sure I would conclude causality runs the other way. It may very well be that they would have used some other methods to predict sowing times. Or perhaps they would have just had less efficient agriculture/navigation for a while, until their tech improved to find others ways to get to the same means. So maybe it would have hindered their development, but what's a couple more thousands years as nomadic "farmers" when you have all the time in the universe on your lonely start?
How can we assume that any civilization in those void place will not have developed any means to study? What if they have evolved into some form which has much higher intelligence or means to find or learn about the universe. Or even learn about kinds of stuff in the void.
An isolated civ in a void would probably stumble sideways into detecting distant galaxies, one way or another, without deliberately making big telescopes. Via radio maybe.
We only discovered the galaxies recently, in the last century, using telescopes, but I bet we would have found them by now without telescopes.
Radio waves wouldn't get anywhere near them
But if there's no motivation to build a big enough telescope...
Hey Dr. Sutter, do we know if there's dark matter in the voids? Dark energy? Both?
Oh, I think this would be a good follow up question: How would people like us navigate oceans if there were literally no other stars in the night sky-only one moon. Kinda depressing and scary to think about.
High silicate magmas in a rogue planet in the vicinity of a strong cosmic rays might facilitate surface-magma turnover for geothermal survival.
Easy to follow
Not to be picking a nit, but is Andromeda heading towards us, are we heading towards it, or both? Also, you think right now there is someone out there watching a video that's telling them "and in 5 billion years, when the milky way collides with our galaxy..."?
It's a mutual attraction.
53 minutes
Heck yeah
Awesome job keep doing it
I'll try :)
I love all your videos which are on my weekly list of things to watch/listen to, but although I watch yours and some others I still have unanswered questions about the planets.
Could you do a video explaining some things about the planets in our system? For example, we know the radius of Earth, obviously we stand on it, but what about Jupiter, we generally think of it as massive, but most of that is atmosphere, hundreds if not thousands of miles/km of it. Jupiter if we look at a solid or liquid core is possibly quite small, so why don't we measure Earth's atmosphere as part of its radius? I have read it is down to pressure, but that does not add up when you add in Mars and Venus which have very different pressure to Earth but are still measured from the rocky surface not a bit below the surface up up in the clouds?
Also would be good to have something on the early solar system looking at what we think it was like, did it contain more stable planets for a long g period, were any of the moon's of the larger planets ever planets in their own right but got captured etc.
Hypothetically what would happen if a large moon, say Io crashed into Jupiter, would it just swallow it and nothing much else, a bit like the comets we have seen or would it be more like the proposed Earth/Thea/Moon example?
I have seen and read that other star systems have had giants way in closer to the star, but that over time if they stay there the solar winds from the parent star may strip the atmospheres leaving a small metallic core. Could it be that this is what we have with Mercury? If not why not but if possibly can we find out for sure, what would become signs, how long ago did it happen and over what period of time?
Uranus and Neptune are described as being ice giants. What does this mean? Are they likely isn't frozen solid world's with thin atmospheres that could be landed on, or are they just giant snow storms loosely held together like a giant comet? Used to think of them as smaller versions of Saturn when I was a child but now I am not so sure?
Finally although you can probably think of more, do we currently have the ability to build anything that can survive the pressures of Jupiter or Saturn long enough to get down to or at least near to the core to take readings and get them back to us?
Sorry, maybe some or all of these questions are obvious to others, but not being a scientist and just an ordinary person reading and watching in his spare time I am curious. Thanks for any potential answer.
What would happen if you went just as fast into a black hole as it could pull you in? Speed/gravity are equal.
How would Dyson's big plant get started, evolutionarily? Not on the bottom, without sunlight. Not at the surface, without minerals. Not in between, with neither.
You'd have to have plenty of minerals in the water already, and plenty of energy already without sunlight. So you'd have plenty of life already, and wouldn't need the plants.
Good question. My guess would be some sort of oddness going on with the interaction between the surface and the ocean below. Europa seems to have that going on, so maybe that might allow for evolutionary possibilities. But ultimately, who knows what's possible? Just have to go there and take a look.
I just subscribed
Woohoo, thanks!
Syria
14:40 🤣🤣🤣🤣
JMG sent me here... nice channel.
Thanks, I appreciate that!
Warpdrive for a reason :)
Two part comment 1. best collaboration video ever the back and forth between the two of you is awesome please do more. 2. Paul please never do the monotone again it works for John but not for you keep to the animated Paul please.
Haha, I didn't want my own style to to be too jarring in his video :)
You should make a video on the sun, the scale of its expansion, and discuss the possibilities that we may have lived on Venus and had to genetically modify our DNA to survive on Earth. Is our next home Mars? Is that too scifi?. Anyways this is for all you global warming guys out there .
Sterile isolated frozen rogue planet would be good for a post biological civ wanting to be left alone? Drifting alone for epochs, possibly plugged into a virtual utopia
Interesting.
Europa is tidally locked, yo! Should be possible to land on the far side.
I hear Jupiter's magnetic field is really large.
Encore!
Kinda unrelated, but i really love your voice Paul. It's v cute, very interesting, and it makes me want to know more.
Hmm. Intelligent life on a planet in a cosmic void - I think you guys seriously underestimate the cleverness even we humans can muster to figure things out, like counting the days between the changes of season to know when to harvest and watching the phases of a possible moon and the location of the rising and setting of our own star. Same thing with studying the few astronomical objects visible - maybe that civilization would develop scientific techniques vastly better than ours at what they could observe, and faster than we have due to a focusing effect.
Chicago ! You forgot Chicago.
and what about.. heat death?
You forgot Croydon.
Was waiting to see the USA. On the list.
Number 11: Alderaan
Not anymore :)
fyi S2 has an approximate speed of 1/60th c (11 million miles per hour) as it orbits around the radio source Sgr A*
Hey Paul I love the vids you make. Everything about space is awesome to me, i love learning about it. I had a question about Magnetars, with there magnetic field as strong as they are, while approaching one before you hit the 1000 mile mark. Would the iron and metal of the things your wearing get sucked out of you? Even the iron in your blood would get ripped out before you were destabelized at the molecular level? Im just curious if thats the case, please let me know if you can, Thank You and keep up the good work.
Isn't our galaxy in the KBC void.
The KBC void a) likely doesn't exist and b) isn't a "void", but a mild underdensity.
IF the human race still exists when it's our star's time to go into it's red giant phase then surely our technology by then would be so advanced that moving planets about and keeping stars going for billions of years longer should be very easy for us?
Sitting on top of a quasar jet can't be fun
It's a little bit hot...
The Universe? Really?
1st Question; You Understand what causes gravity and how gravity works? Yes?
2nd Question; You UNDERSTAND Big to small is the secret to the Universe REVEALED? Yes?
3rd Question; You Understand the Atom is still a Theory today 2022.?
Wikipedia (Atomic Theory) current Theoretical model of the Atom.
Theory defined- Not proven, doesn't exist.
4th Question; You UNDERSTAND the Entire planet is Eden? Erde,Erden, Eden German for dirt?