When you turn a bomber into the first jetliner - 707
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- Опубликовано: 28 дек 2021
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In 1955, Boeing invited airlines to witness, what they described, as history in the making. A new type of passenger plane, its like never seen before.
But instead of a simple tour and fly by, the test pilot did a series of impromptu maneuvers that left everyone watching on the ground gobsmacked. Twin barrel rolls at 490 miles per hr - proving not only the military performance of this new aircraft, but that the age of the jetliner had truly arrived.
This barrel roll would cement the story of the first boeing jetliner for generations, and herald in a new era for aviation transport. But the story of the dash 80 and its production model, is fraught with fear, cunning and possibly the biggest risk ever...
Boeing would bet the entire company by building a fully functioning prototype.
This is incredible story of miracle plane, the first Boeing 707
After the end of world war 2, the jet engine was seen as the next great leap in aircraft technology. Planes could fly further, faster and higher than ever before, and it would only be a matter of time before the technology made its way to the civil market.
The first on the scene was the United Kingdom with the De Havilland Comet. Unfortunately, there were well-publicized flaws with the design that lead to several crashes and loss of life - causing the public to reject the presses obsession with the technology.
But the barrier had been broken, and several firms were examining their own take on a new-fangled jetliner.
Boeing, with experience themselves building large jet aircraft like the B-47 only a few years before, realized they had the technology and the prime position to build the first American jetliner.
And this was a huge deal, while Boeing was successful in the military market, it struggled with the civil market for some time.
Its competitor, Douglas, had orders in spades for piston aircraft like the Douglas DC-4 and DC-6, which it had refined over many years, and airlines couldn't quite understand why they would need one powered by jet engines.
Boeing decided the best way would be to show, not tell, and build the aircraft of the future.
Building a new jetliner from scratch wouldn't be easy, and Boeing would need to take out multiple loans and favours to do so.
They set aside 16 million dollars (equivalent to $154 million today), with no commitment customers - just a handshake from panam.
The project would get the juicy name of Boeing 367-80, but would be called the dash 80 within the company.
And it would borrow heavily from other large aircraft designs such as the KC-97 Stratofreighter -
such as the pod engines on the wings, and the same swept wing -
a wing which by the way, would allow the plane to fly faster than any of the competition in development such as the DC-8.
Initially, the plane was going to be as wide as the KC-97 allowing five seats across the cabin,but the CEO of American Airlines C. R. Smith, said he wouldn't even consider buying it unless they could pack in six seats - making this already large aircraft even bigger.
To really punch out the cabin experience, Boeing would hire industrial designs from outside the company to create the new jet age interiors.
by early 1952, the board of directors was confident enough with the design to go public, and the production model was revealed as the Boeing 707.
While the name today is revered, back then it was a simple esclation of the next product line, the boeing 300 being passenger prop planes, 400-, 500- and 600-series were already used by missiles and other products, so Boeing decided that the jets would bear 700-series numbers. 707 was chosen over 700, simply because of the ring to it.
But building an aircraft is one thing, selling it is another.
You forgot the quote !!!!!
Tex Johnston was asked “just what in the hell do you think you were doing?!?” By management, and his response “selling airplanes”
If that isn’t some thug life shit, I don’t know what is.
I mean, he did absolutely sell the plane.
@@the11382 Hell yea he did! Tex also explained that it was 0G maneuver, and he was well within the tolerances of the aircraft, and that it was perfectly safe. The chairman of Boeing at the time said “listen, we know that, you know that, but the public may not, and we just don’t want you to do that again.”
The late 50’s, and early 60’s were a wild fuckin time. That shit would absolutely not fly today.
@@soulman4292 I think my reason why its because of the wings of the plane itself why? small turboprop planes like the Cessna plane can do that, same for the airforce jets itself, it is really interesting on how we learn so much.
Consider at the time, Comet's flaw was not well understood and many consider it's design was weak. So the 707 marketing stunts is perfect.
The Comet design live on as the bases of the RAF Nimrod
@@vincentmaddux2302 the nimrod is retired
@@damienalford9938 I know, I was just pointing out the Comet DNA went on as a military plane
Correct. The problem was that the de Havilland engineers had to go with the lightest plane possible due to the somewhat underpowered jet engines actually made the plane more vulnerable to metal fatigue. The results of the Comet I crash investigation was the reason why the 707, DC-8 and Tu-104 all went with rounded windows on the side of the fuselage.
@@Sacto1654 : Utter nonsense. rounded windows had been standard on Boeing pressurised transports for years before the 707 or the Comet disasters. And on the wartime Lockheed Constellation. And the reason is that for sufficient strength the weight is less. There is nothing inherently bad about squared off windows - its a matter of competent engineering. All doors on pressurised airliners are square and they do not fail.
This business about Comets and square windows was fluff put out by technically ignorant journalists who figured it was a good story they could sell to equally ignorant public.
The Comet 1 had several crashes until permanently grounded for various reasons - faulty engine air intake design, incorrectly specified radio antenna that couldn't take the pressure differential, an inadequate riveting method, etc. All these fatal flaws were due to it being designed and engineered by incompetent inexperienced fools. It wasn't a case of other manufacturers benefitting from the Comet mistakes, it was a case of the Comet designers being too dumb and stupid to use what was already known by others.
Finally, there was not A Comet crash investigation, there were about 10 of them (a couple of crashes reinvestigated when more debris was found), with some key findings kept secret until 2015.
The most successful early jet airliner by far.
Definitely
There’s no competition
As well as the best of them!
One of the ballsiest moves in aviation history. He risked, if not his life so his entire career within the company. He was lucky they didn't sack him on the spot. Balls, I say...
It was not a dangerous stunt, as a barrel roll is not linked to high structural forces...so, no problem for that aircraft, but managers were a little bit pissed anyway ;)
@@gianpaolonogarole5631 not dangerous huh? bet you can't do it if you're him
@@shukriwafiq5220 You could be taught how to preform a 1g barrel roll within.. a very short time.
@@shukriwafiq5220 what a stupid and useless reply 🤦♂️
The "story" I heard while working as a rep at Boeing: The 707 fuel tanks could not withstand inverted flight for very long. Reason: they either had no fuel pumps or the fuel pumps, inside the tanks, would gravitate and the engines would flame out. SO...as a result...the barrel roll had to be accomplished with a 1G constant pressure on the aircraft (and the tanks). As a result that's what Tex did. Not so easy a task to accomplish without a "dress rehearsal" and a very accomplished pilot.
Actually, a barrel roll is always conducted under positive G. I've done hundreds of them in jets and never pulled less than 1G. If you had zero G on the airplane it would simply roll on its axis and not fly a helical flight path describing a barrel.
@@gort8203 Hey...I've done MANY barrel rolls, myself. And there's GOOD barrel rolls...and there's BAD barrel rolls. In this case if he did a BAD barrel roll and lingered too long, upside down...and the engines shut down...you BET that could have been defined as a "BAD" (non 1G) barrel roll.
@@badguy1481 Yes, that would be a very bad barrel roll, but then you are the Bad Guy. I don't think Tex would have even contemplated stopping and pushing inverted while rolling the Dash 80. My point of course, is that keeping positive G during barrel roll is normal and is not difficult.
Delete your comment. Its beyond wrong.
@@soccerguy2433 How? and Why?
The Comet was an amazing aircraft. Boeing was wise to learn from it and wait to build a better and safer aircraft. Sometimes being first to market isn't going to Guarantee success.
The only thing amazing about the Comet is the multiple fatal flaws designed into it by a totally incompetent set of designers working in a company with zero relevant experience.
Boeing learnt nothing from it - they had heaps of relevant experience to draw upon and used quite different construction methods and design features.
Safer ?? safer than what ?? that's SAFE & good. Comet 01 was No good & flawed 😐🤪
@@keithammleter3824 again wrong.
Metal fatigue concept was known but not properly handled by everybody back then in the air industry until...investigations on Comet crashes revealed what was happening.
Boeing and McDD always praised that de Havilland encountered those struggles and they just has a benefit on 1) know-how, technology and manufactoring and 2) accordingly increased the size of their planes (more passengers) to meet US market needs.
Qantas used to barrel roll their 707's during training flights
If the 707 was a fighter jet it would be pretty good at flying
One time a 707 did a barrel roll and lost 3 engines…
But there was one time a Boeing B-707 drops bombs
@@user-mm8ij8mg6x Found&explained- Never built
@@SomeRandomRUclipsr_ well i know, just imagine if it really was built
@@user-mm8ij8mg6x imagine how many passenger 707 that get shot down becuase they get mistaken as b-707s
The comet was way ahead of its time and was pushing the limits of 1940s technology on its own. Sadly that came at a cost so others could catch up and learn from its mistakes. Was the first passenger jet liner to cross the Atlantic from London to jfk to
Funny how you pronounced de Havilland 😂
On October 13, 1968, my 22nd birthday, I was waiting to board a Continental 707 for my flight home from Danang, South Vietnam. I just finished my 13 months on the DMZ with A Co. 3rd Tank Bn. 3rd Marines. As we waited on the tarmac, 122 rockets started impacting around us. The pilot had the engines running and was reading out the manifest to board. He threw his papers up into the air and yelled, "get on board if you are coming!". We piled on board. They shut the boarding door and he took off. It was monsoon and heavily over-clouded. As I tried to fasten my seatbelt, I was upside down, and a stewardess went flying by me. After we settled down out over the South China Sea, the pilot got on the intercom and told us that we had just been in a barrel roll to avoid an incoming Vietnamese transport plane. Of course, we took off without clearance. The stewardess broke her arm but everyone else was okay. He commented that the 707 could do almost anything a fighter plane could do. I believed him!
The plane that brought us into the jet age
Actually the comet did bring us to the jet age but the 707 was the first successful jet aircraft.
@@luigiweegee7152 The comet 4 with round windows and pressurization was pretty decent but the boeing 707 had already came so this comet upgrade wasn’t anywhere near as successful.
@@myusername3689 yea the first comet had design flaw which lead to 2 crashes over the ocean,the 707 learned from the comet and became more successful.
At 2:51 the narrator says airlines couldn't understand the need for jets. Not true. By then they were getting pretty sick of the high maintenance costs and frequent failures inherent in a large 4-engine piston engine airliner. E.g., 4 engines each 28 cylinders means 224 spark plugs to fowl up. Given a typical plug MTBF of around 1000 - 2000 hours that means an engine miss-firing and a fire risk every few flights. The USAF had the same problem, driving them to jets. Changing all plugs after every flight was acceptable in wartime, but not in peace time.
Also, jets are smoother and quieter. Aircraft are noisy things, but if you have never flown on a large multiengine piston engine aircraft, you don't know what noise is.
smoother & quieter than what ?? that's smooth & quiet, compared to large piston engined aircraft. pointless to add ER dude 😐
They literally teach us about this guy in the US airforce. Cautionary tale or role model... I'll never know.
One of the best airliners of its time
Only like 5 secs in and the animation already looks
That plane was so futuristic for the times...And nowadays planes still bear a resemblance...
Resemblance? It could fit right in today.
0:44 **does perfecc barrelroll**
Boeing CEO : You could've done that sooner
707 Pilot : I want to understand the customer **vocal singer start yelling AAAAAAAAAAA**
2:33 is it just me, or does this shot of the XB-47 make it look like a happy cyclops?
this airplane i think has to be the biggest gamble ever taken by any aviation company in history!!!!
the 747 was the next biggest and it too treated to sink the company. There uses to be a billboard outside of Seattle that said"would the last one to leave Seattle ,turn the lights out" in reference to the risk Boeing took
I went to an airshow over 50 years ago, organised by a glider club. There were lots of gliders, Cessnas, and other small single prop aircraft on display, a helicopter giving rides etc. The local airline based at the capital city 150 km away sent over a Fokker F28 (mid sized T-jet airliner) - a brand new one they had recently purchased. It amazed the crowd - pilot threw it around the sky like a dog-fighting fighter jet, though he didn't quite get it upside down. I remember the commentator saying something like "Captain so and so and his co are enjoying themselves with this one-time opportunity - they can't do this with passengers on board - the passengers would vomit and/or black out."
F-28 awesome Dutch made jet aircraft. those have extended to F-100. Fokker made F-27, F-50, F-80 too, all of which are used in OZz & P.N.G 😁🙂.
Fun fact: its an aileron roll
Kenny Loggins's Danger Zone can be heard playing from beyond the heavens when he pulled the stunts. ✈
Tex had just the right voice for a "watch this" on the radio.
When I was young the Boeing 707 was the first model of jet airplane that my family traveled on from Los Angeles to Cleveland. In the 1960s American Airlines called their Boeing 707s the Astrojet. During the 1960s the Boeing 707 was a very popular jet airplane.
I'm not a pilot, but the animation looks like an aileron roll, not a barrel roll. Very cool video, thanks. +1
When Tex got called into Bill Allen's office on a Monday morning, he knew he was to go head to head with his big boss that particular moment. The chance he took to barrel roll that airplane left Bill Allen furious at first. It was not that he was going to be fired, but it did create a stir to begin with. After he was told what he thought he was doing, Tex simply answered back, "I was selling airplanes", and then Bill's response was, "You know that and we know that, but just don't do it anymore" was just a little something that Tex Johnston had up his sleeve, and to keep selling airplanes to customers. He was one of the best pilots around and he did take some hell from Bill Allen. The menuver was concidered to be the "highlight" for the Boeing company in a positive way. Believe it or not.
It was not a 707, but the 367-80 (simply called "Dash80"). It was also smaller as the serial production 707 that came later....
I've flown B707 back in 1972 until 1978. Thanks for sharing mate. Excellent work mate. Keep it up :)
The 707 and 747 were the most flexible aircraft ever.
But a fact to be considered that the 707 stands in as the only airliner in history to ever do a barrel rol.
The Dash8 Q400 would like to have a talk
Capt: Ok we are leveling off at 40 thousand feet... raise of hands, who wants me to do a barrel roll!? Anyone?! *tap tap tap* is this thing on?
Ok well im just gonna do the maneuver down at 10k
And then again going west...
Great! lol!
As a KC-135R Instructor that was some great footage at the end
If it can take falling a thousand feet in turbulence, it can do a barrel roll.
The Tex Johnston story is an all time aviation great. The amazing thing is this happened a mere 50 years into fixed wing aviation history.🤓p.s. I'm a PilotPhotog fan, I like this type of collaboration.
The KC-135 series and the 707 are some of my favorite planes. If I ever get around to building a model of the DASH-80 it will be mounted on a stand upside down!
Which eventually evolved into the long lasting C, RC, KC, EC, WC, and OC-135s. From 1999-2001, I was a Guidance and Control technician in Omaha, NE and worked on nearly every operational 707 airframe remaining in the USAF. If I remember correctly, the "youngest" aircraft we had was built in 1964. Unfortunately, the turbojet engines damaged my hearing so badly, I was transferred into a 'desk' job (I wasn't happy about it at the time, but Intelligence was a much better career field overall. Thanks for the video. I'll definitely check out the KC-135 video next. Hopefully I'll see a few I worked on. ✌️✈️
i think tex johnston is the official definition of "madlad"
Tex Johnston is a true aviation pioneer a great pilot that has proven the manuverubility of an aircraft that revolutionize the passenger airliner industry forever RIP Tex Johnston
I had the Honour and the Pleasure of meeting talking to and shaking hands with Tex Johnston the Boeing Test Pilot that Rolled the first test bed 707. 👍
"Barrel roll!" "Barrel roll." "It was a barrel roll!"
Shows an aileron roll.
The return of the Hell-A-Van.
This really set the standard of airliners today. Makes me wonder which aircraft will take is to a new standard
Hello, wrong, years before (1949-1952) the de Havilland Comet set those standards.
With regular scheduled flights between Europe, Africa and Asia.
Boeing and McDDouglas just increased (more passengers) the size of that "concept" for US market needs.
@@77ice11 not really, the 707 may not have been the first jetliner but it did pioneer most of the design features used on even modern jetliners.
@@taylorperkins5050 wrong. It was just bigger in capacity. Because domestic needs were higher due to the size of the country.
@@77ice11 um, not wrong Boeing had the fore sight to give the 707 swept wings for better high speed performance, as well as pod engines for easier maintenance access. In the wake of the comet disaster, they came up with the idea of using fuselage tear strips and spot welded the skin to each stringer every 2 inches. Most of he structural innovations employed on the 707 are still in use to this day on airliners. The 707 was the first truly modern airliner. Passenger aircraft of today are essentially the same basic design with newer avionics and engines.
@@taylorperkins5050 wrong. The Comet 1 already had swept wings since the prototype in 1949.
Engine maintenance was easily solved with many doors-access despite the four engines were buried within wings.
Not a single claim or blame by a single technician has been recorded about difficulties on doing this job.
Podded-engines were "invented" to calm down many passengers about not being too close to an engine in case of fire (reminescence of propellers era).
During the tank-test done for the investigation of Comet's early crashes by sir Arnold Hall, on strong suggestion by Sir Geoffrey De Havilland, were invited Boeing and McDonnell representatives to visit the site, the tank-test and to share then how pressurised airframes would have been done from there onwards: increasing the tick of the skin and spacing less internal structure.
Without those crashes and that test, B or McD would have encountered the same fate. Because prior to those crashes that was the way aviation industry as a whole was designing pressurized planes.
1:45 rofl, the what? "Derhurrvan" never heard them called that..ever 😂
When ask by the heads of Boeing,what on earth was he thinking.
He stated, selling airplanes.
_lmao Murica_
You can check out the KC-135 part here: ruclips.net/video/0_VPNGcV-KA/видео.html
I like Found and Explained's topics bit the accuracy in his videos always leaves me questioning how much this guy knows. Not a barrell roll and pronunciation of DeHavilland are obvious issues. Always a few in each F&E video.
Gotta wonder if it’s deliberate. A mistake or two leads to a comment which makes the video perform a lot better. In this case? Who knows ;)
@@FoundAndExplained Geez I hope you're not deliberately putting errors in. Credibility is important mate, even though it's RUclips. Is that a short term gain that will undermine your channel in the long run? Up to you I guess... Thanks for replying.
@@FoundAndExplained docking your credibility for a bump in the algorithm with intentional errors is extremely off-putting and borderline scummy.
This is the kind of stuff why I (and I’m sure many others) rarely watch your videos. By no means are they a credible source, they always feel poorly researched. I’d rather research something myself than waste my time watching a F&E video about it.
The Der Her Van Comet? Nice...
This story is Peppy Hare's aircraft marketing strategy.
My parents were watching the races at Seward Park that day......Tex Johnston's barrel roles still remain part of the family Lore.
designed by hand, built by hand, it still holds, for today's big jetliners are all esentially just beefed up 707s
yes indeed. B-727, B-737 are
bi/twin & tri engined B-707's. built on/from the same template. 😁
Remember The unmodified early NATO airframes (E3 and KC135 etc.etc.) of the 707 are only now being retired !
The modified airframes (CFM and modern cockpits) have still decades to go and will even be further updated!
They expect that a "707" airframe will reach its centenial birthday in 2057!
Thanks for the heads-up. Totally missed this one. Great job as always! Thank you
Ugh I caught up with videos I'm interested in and now I'm patiently waiting for the 747 version of this video. This was an amazing video, thank you for sharing it with us all.
Tex was just having fun.
This channel is always more interesting in their animation than in history's facts.
So *thats* what happens when you program “Do a Barrel Roll” into a plane!
Imagine being a passenger 😱😱😱 - Matthew Cox
Well.. since it is a 1 g manouver, you wouldn't even notice.
@@BlueSky-ub4fx True!
@@gmsniperx3623 ...except, he looks out the window 👀
60 years later passenger planes still have the same lines
My dad's uncle used to fly the gutted 707's up from the coast in land for fitting and he barrel rolled one as well, the altitude drop was huge (I can't remember how much he said by)
The swept, flexible wings and under wing engine pods came from Boeing's experience with the B-47. It is definitely NOT from the B-29 derived KC-97, which had neither swept wings nor engine pods. Over 1000 were delivered (1010) not 110.
I’ve seen this airplane more times than I can count
Wow! I had no idea that thing was so agile!
My great uncle was on that -80 when it flew a roll over the lake.
Tex Johnston the best badass Boeing test pilot ever
Phenom. Great quick story telling and editing.
I think you meant B-47, with the podded engines and swept wing...
I’ve actually seen this exact plane in person it’s In museum in Washington DC
I've seen it aswell :)
Tex was a genius aviator. He maintained 1 g of force on the plane in each position during the barrel rolls. Would almost feel the same as flying straight on the inside.
Already looks good
1:45 narrator says "De Hallivand" --dopey a/f
9:48 VH-EBC is a rego I recognised imediately from plane spotting in Sydney. It's now an Airbus 330. 🇦🇺
Can’t wait for the 747 video!
90% of its design and most of the development was taken from the KC 135. Douglas was the one who laid it all on the line with the DC 8.
Just that one particular story about the special version for Qantas (and the historical London-to-Australia "Kangaroo Route", was it called?) is pretty interesting too, IIRC. Lots of world history wrapped into that.
I remember being at school in Melbourne back then. We were all led out into the yard to watch the first 707 do a circuit of the city and suburbs. I had no idea what that plane was at the time. Got a sore neck...
Nice Starfox reference 👍
That 707 barrow row is why that Boeing is now being the biggest jet manufacturer is the world.
My grandfather worked in Boeing as an electrical flight test engineer at that time. He was one of the very few people who knew something would happen at Seafair. Tex asked him if the avionics would work upside down. the reply was "yes of course they will". As an aside, when going up on test flights he'd sit on a small stool at the workstation and the former fighter pilots made a game of trying to knock him off his stool with their flying. they didn't manage it very often.
Yes.
Don't miss the 1965 movie "Boeing Boeing" with Tony Curtis and Jerry Lewis. Curtis plays a man who has three women, all of them flight attendants on piston airliners. Since those flights are slow, he can manage to sleep with one while the rest are travelling overseas. But then they get assigned to the new jets, and suddenly the girls can do their trips in hours instead of days! The result is hilarious!!
Tony's got some splainin to do!
That's history. Nice!👍🙂
I love to visit the dash 80 prototype at the Udvar Hazy Smithsonian air and space museum.
AWESOME.
Great intro Boys and Girls! Keep up the good work.
That pilot was insane doing a barrel roll with this
It is a one g maneuver and perfectly safe, everybody knows that.
@@sledgeoc I mean with how he did it without anyone expecting it
Secret Docs say that he did a barrel roll AND a 360 no scope plus a 360 flip.
Can't wait!
I have heard of both because I am into aviation but even before I knew a douglas was a plane and they made the famous DC9 DC11 which were good planes
Boeing didnt exactly design and build the 707 with no orders... Pan AM CEO Juan Trippe told Boeing that if you build, it I'll buy it. In those days that was as good as a contract.
I'm curious if Boeing is done that again I'll have to look that up very impressive
'Do a barrel role!'
-Peppy Hare,1997
-F&E, 2021
Pretty pog
Pilotphotog and explained cool dude ❤️
Thanks! It was great working with F&E on this video
@@PilotPhotog love your content too! 👌🏻🍻
@@emaheiwa8174 thank you!
Boeing in the past:
Barrel rolls and transonic dives
Boeing now:
Crashing due to faulty MCAS and lacking training
Did a Boeing 707 ever break the sound barrier - albeit accidentally? Dying to know.
@@datathunderstorm in 1991 a 747 reached M0.98 in a dive.
It was caused by a failed Inertial navigation system
😂 exactly.
Plus, it is the most (statistically) unrealiable plane constructor regarding the balance "planes built VS crashes due to technical failures".
THIS PLANE CAN DO A BARREL ROLL!?
Nice airplane ✈ 👌
New video let's go!
make a video about the hispano ha400 it was a project for a huge military stol transport with nose opening plane from spain in the early 1950s
Say it with me! De Haviland go ahead, you can do it. deee have a land. You're killing me!
Watching this right as the final 747 is coming off the production line. 12/6/2022. Sad day for aviation enthusiasts.
Barrel Roll to sell airplanes!
isit difficuklt to make /learn nimations like this
If you do it right, the plane does not "know" that it is being rolled.
Dash 80 didn't have so many side windows as depicted in the animation