Incredible Discoveries About Viruses and Their Connection to Human Intelligence
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- Опубликовано: 8 май 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about how viruses evolved us over billions of years
Links:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalles...
www.cell.com/cell-host-microb...
www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0...
www.nature.com/articles/s4158...
linkinghub.elsevier.com/retri...
Previous video: • Mind-blowing Discoveri...
Our DNA is virus video: • 8% of Human DNA Is Anc...
#virus #biology #evolution
0:00 Viruses and our relationship to them
1:25 Early virus interaction and infections
3:00 Myelin and its viral origins
4:00 How it makes us big
5:10 Why it made us better
6:20 How other animals evolved a different solution
7:10 Multiple infections over time
7:45 Mammalian features that were formed by a virus
9:00 All of this starts really early
10:00 Prevents immune system to help us survive
11:00 Fetal development and viruses resembling HIV
12:10 Conclusions
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Наука
Just to point out some inaccuracies: I did my doctoral research in endogenous retroviruses back in late 2000s, and proteins like MERV and Syncytin were already quite known and established to be of retroviral origin. So, the fact that ancient infections can persist and evolve into new functions is not new. A big error in the video is to assume that "most of the viral remnants in the DNA are coding" - there is no evidence of this, the evidence is actually very much the contrary, with only a fraction of ancient viral genes still remaining active after millions of years (about 2%). And not all are beneficial: ancient retroviral genes can also code for proteins responsible for neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. It's quite a fascinating topic.
Thank you. Yes, just because its there and some of it has functions doesn't mean that all of them do. Before this I was already thinking about building a comprehensive database and viewer for the tree of life, with key ERVs for comprehension. But I guess that would be very tedious and not in scope for a hobby project.
"Viral" updates vs DIS-ease;
Genetics may be the loaded gun but ENVIRONMENT pulls the trigger.
I remember thinking in my Cancer biology class about these ancient viral codes of DNA as ticking bombs.
Wish this was pinned. Counterintuitive results can be become a new dangerous intuition quickly. Teleology is the default heuristic
Thanks! I was looking for correction like this. This really should be pinned.
I hate when people say something is junk or useless in science. Just because you don't know what it does, doesn't make it junk.
Today's junk, tomorrow's fundamentals...
What was once "noise" in fMRI readings is now known as the default mode network, an essential functional network for the human experience of mind wandering and overthinking. Admittedly it can be troubling at times, but i prefer the non-lobotomy route. Also if you feel like yours is ruminating too much, the way to deactivate is quite literally to "engage in tasks geared toward clear goals," so you just do stuff to stop over thinking. Of course it has a very important link to ADHD as well. Pretty important for "noise."
ChestertonS Fence
one man's junk is another man's science
"Dark matter"
one scientist's genetic junk is another scientist's genetic treasure.
Best i can do is sickle cell anemia and eidetic memory
The idea of junk DNA seems oxymoronic. Any that is of no value gets eliminated, doesn't it? Take the 37 genes of mitochondria. They originally had many more but don't require them now, so they are no longer present... I guess that is if mitochondria actually came from magnetobacter, as is currently theorized.
@@brucethomas471 it wouldnt necessarily be eliminated just because it serves no value, that is why things can be vestigial, theres no genetic pressure to get rid of it, but no advantage to using it, so it just sits there as junk
@@brucethomas471 it's not that "things that arent beneficial get eliminated" its more that "things that ARE a DETRIMENT get eliminated" neutral changes occur all the time in nature and stay, because if they dont affect survival some way there's no way for natural selection to well, select, for it.
@@TheShizzlemop The image here, of a scientist's junk, is not a good one.
dealing with a nasty influenza virus currently - if it gives me a few more IQ points I'll stop complaining about it
😂😂😂
More likely to just temporarily change your affinity for tissues & hankies !! 💩 LoL
Change it from Influenza to:
Great.... now I can tell the women in my life the herpes I gave them will make them super intelligent and complex!!!!
lol did my comment really get censored for saying: now I can tell the women in my life the herpes I gave them will make them super intelligent and complex!!!!
Cure against all kind of diseases was developed long time ago by french scientists. It called guillotine.
I had already heard about this via another science YT channel, but it's great to have Anton's clear, concise and nicely animated presentation. This news is pretty mind blowing stuff.
I think I might have a co-worker that doesn't have this infection in his genealogical tree
related to anti-vaxx "purebloods"?
@@KOZMOuvBORG or related to virus-deniers ;)
@@KOZMOuvBORGlol….
@@timblack6422 is little outdated?😆
😂😂😂
Ancient viruses basically caused our brains to go from a 56k dial up connection to fiber optic... 😂😂😂
Yup, they're our fibre optic
Also, they're why we're mammals.
Wonder about those same ancient viruses escaping from the permafrost and ice now with the ice melting 🤔
@@ftwgunnerpwns once they get to know the new world they're in, it's all hands on deck (since the current bacteria and phages today aren't the same as their predecessors from the ancient past).
A very good analogy . 🤔👍
Fun fact: The human brain isn't fully myelinated until about age 18.
The last area to finish is the prefrontal cortex, responsible for control of thoughts, actions and emotions.
Explains a lot about teenagers.
maybe it's intentional, along with hormones spike, to have them make more kids and have less thoughts that could stop it
It’s 25-28 for girls and 29-30 something for men. Their sutures calcify marking the end of development
I've read somewhere that this is a myth due to oversimplification. In truth the manner in which it develops is more related to a willingness to taking risks, rather than poor decision making or a lack of consciousness.
@@alexb_47933 I believe that
Source (iirc) newscientist website. "the 7 primes of life - why each decade comes with its own superpowers"
The more we study "junk" DNA the more we find how much has or had a purpose. The sheer complexity of all the feedback loops of life is astonishing really. It is super exciting to delve into it but also daunting! This is the kind of thing that AI will actually be a huge help in going forward
@@brynawaldman5790elitist?
@@burbanpoison2494Yes, because the implication, by using that description, was; we understand this DNA is useless, & they didn't understand how important it is. They hadn't discovered epigenetics when they invented that term. They knew 5% of our DNA makes enzymes & assumed 95% of our DNA was "junk.". Do you see it? They could have chosen lots of names. They decided they knew all there was to know . . . and so; elitist.
I love science, & there is elitism all over the place in scientific attitudes. After all; scientists are only human & many of them have big egos.
@@brynawaldman5790 I would chalk it up to arrogance and egotism, among the greatest barriers to development. Elitism is more of a class structure issue. But your core argument is correct, not dissimilar to previously held beliefs about the appendix.
Possibly.... But if AI is modeled or programed to be a smarter, faster, "better" version of us, we are flawed. We "lie" we misinterpret.
what’s junk DNA but garbage left over from dead and dying cells. Its not garbage DNA. Its just garbage the body needs to remove.
This is your most mind-blowing presentation so far
And mind-blowing clickbait.
@@dahleno2014Did you even watch the video?
I perceived what you did there. lol
It will probably go viral.
@@dahleno2014The content is actually what the title is.
Hope this video goes viral
Ha.😊
😅😅
Best comment 👌 🤣😂😂
Hahaha ❤
✅
"somewhat intriguing topic", seems to me a massive understatement 🙂
Calling this a “somewhat intriguing” topic is a monumental understatement
"Language is a virus from outer space"
- Wm. S. Burroughs
Learnt this a while ago in my undergrad for microbiology, immunology and genetics. Retroviruses and Lentiviruses have integrated themsleves into our genomes throughout our evolution, sometimes being involved in triggering the formation of new structures and functions. These viruses have have transposable elements in their sequences, which allows them to replicate themselves and jump around our genome. Most of time the mutations that these viruses cause from replicating and moving around our genome is inconsequential, but on the rare instances the mutations can either be a beneficial novel trait or a cancerous transformation.
This is what I love about science. We learn more everyday, but everything we learn raises more questions.
The ability to synthesize myelin provided such a great advantage that it quickly went viral
👍🤦♀️👌😎🤯
The myelin information is fascinating. It might relate to MS, where attacking myelin in a misguided immune system response. This info suggests there is more to the attempted immune response because myelin does look viral in nature. In the octopus the nervous system is distributed into the arms. The difference makes sense if they lack myelin and extended rapid axonal signal transmission. So bring everything closer and more nerve cells out into the appendages.
I was thinking about MS during this presentation. Very interesting!
The MS question popped up out of that for me as well :)
Defo thought of MS, my mam has it so I kind of understand how it affects the body, and this could lead to a massive breakthrough
@@stemartin6671could i aak of you know does ms happen after an infection the way me does? Thanks.
Did you guys see tastygarkicbreads comment below
The virus giveth, the virus taketh away.
God is a virus.
Virus Santa vs. Virus Krampus.
Covid brain fog?
😂
That was your government.
It’s incredible to think how reality of existence is turned inside out with this concept
My mind is on the verge of blowing 😮. I will have to watch this a few more times, I think. 😮😮😮😮😮 thanks Anton.❤
You've been infected by knowledge...
I was thinking exactly the same thing. That was awesome. Anton is the man.
Thank you for all your time and hard work on these episodes!
Its fantastic how interconnected we are with other organisms!
I would love to see a study looking at development of children in relation to diseases. I noticed with my son that after almost every bigger infection he made an evolutionary jump.
Makes to think if last pandemia was ment to cause a collective evolution leap...
Somewhat intriguing? This is WILDLY intriguing! Well done, Anton!
Lets thank our ancestral viruses for giving us big brains 🙏
🪱
Well done! Just FYI though, an author named Greg Bear wrote about this, or the early bleeding-edge developing theories of it, in the fiction novels “Darwin’s Radio” and “Darwin’s Children”, specifically about DNA “junk” fragments that are actually encoded retroviruses. Their purpose according to the novels is to express themselves under the right stressor(s) to accelerate a necessary evolutionary change.
I read Darvin's Children years ago. It was hard to understand as whole story, yes I understand what they did there but big picture was lost from me. English is not my native language so I think it was my fault. Should I read Darvin's Radio first to understand this story ?
yeah i am a bit skeptical about them having a "purpose" several generations removed from their evolution. every piece of a living being has some reason it got there, whether as an intermediate function or as a byproduct or as a symbiote/parasite. however there may be emergent synergies of organisms that live together - which i think is what this video about viral components is documenting.
@@juhajuntunen7866 Absolutely. “Darwin’s Radio” came first, published in 1999. “Darwin’s Children” is the sequel, published in 2002. No wonder you had a hard time following “Children”. “Darwin’s Radio” provides pretty necessary background in viral and molecular biology, at least to understand the concepts…and certainly sets up the whole fictional story!
@@krishna-e-bera I’m no biologist, molecular, viral or otherwise…and agree the concept may have been stretched a bit. But then again, they’re FICTION NOVELS and are absolutely fascinating reads.
@@jeffk1482 indeed, though the best science fiction does contain science
Most people think of venerable old folks when they think of our Ancestors. Actually, the viruses and bacteria that support our lives are our Ancestors living with and within us. And they are no less venerable or awesome for being so small and unassuming. That's the way humility is.
I am watching this in 1984. Amazing content.
what's the number 1 song in billboard list per today in your time really.
@@trrrmac Ghostbusters theme song by Ray Parker Jr.
There is also the survivorship bias. Only beneficial traits or traits that have no effect will be passed on. So for example, a virus causing immunodeficiency or cardiovascular problems wouldn't be transferred the same way a trait like myelin sheaths or placentas would.
Wouldn't that depend on when I'm an individual's life this immunodeficiency or cardiac disease manifests itself?
It could be that the virus responsible for the myelin sheath would cause cardiac disease later on in life. After the individual's reproductive period. Giving the individual infected with the virus an distinct advantage.
Honestly genetics in extremely diverse creatures such as humans is quite interesting. Cyanide, for example, is known to be an assassin's tool, but you could imagine there's one person out there who is not only immune to the fatal effects, but will actually think/run significantly faster with it in the person's system... but that person will never know because there isn't enough in the ambient environment to provide fatal doses.
I have friend whose Chinese and Irish, she has Thalessemia factor, which is iron binding, she worked with mother of man she dated, she put warferin in her coffee trying to kill her. Ended up benefiting her cuz lowered iron. She had to give blood when her iron was too high. They diluted her iron rich blood x4 w/saline to give to people with anemia. Just saying there is so much we don't know. Btw Thalessemia factor makes person immune to Malaria which is indemic in China. Advantages and problems. Kinda amazing
Retro viruses & Bacteriophages 🤙🏿 both influenced homo sapiens in the past and even today
Sounds like something from a trendy woman's magazine about gut heath, but true.
Meat mech suit for viruses and bacteria
I believe they influence a Great deal of creatures.
Evolution requires mutation to occur. Seems viruses are a contributing factor in causing the mutation.
God is a virus.
This is hard to comprehend, but totally amazing!
It's pretty cool they can figure out that this happened
It is theory, no matter how many pages of writing scientific notations. All I need to do is look at an orange to know the miracle of where I came from. The comment above, about AI, will soon be explaining its version of theory, compiled from all these theories, (absolutely nothing could go wrong there) I choose to look, smell, taste, and feel the truth. But yeah it is pretty cool.
@@AKSTEVE1111have no idea what you’re talking about. You lost me mid paragraph.
Now this is fascinating, I had no idea they had such a deep influence on our genetics !!
SO a pandemic is a software update?
if thats true then what are the vaccines?
@georgwalt Well, it seems to me *potentially*. Or a precusor to. If it didn’t eliminate the species first. Two wonderful fiction novels were written 1999-2002 on this very topic. “Darwin’s Radio” and “Darwin’s Children”. For fiction novels, they go pretty deep into the weeds of the scientific material. GREAT reads!
@@MAYHAM-ze8bo a way to preserve what we are now... 🤦♂️
Virology is so fascinating and we are learning more every day
That which didn't kill your species evolved it.
or devolved it
If it’s correct what Anton suggests, then Evolution theory needs a major modification, virus will make it much more complex and volatile, looking forward to that update.
Thanks for this Insights Anton.
OUTSTANDING VIDEO! 🔆
Thanks man, that was awesome!!!
Keep it going!
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 😊👍
I actually asked my high school science teacher about this. He described viruses as "not quite living, not quite dead" since they're practically like chemicals with RNA/DNA, so I asked if that could be the bridge that allowed true biogenesis...he didn't have an answer lol. I asked a lot of questions that got that reply...
It was like that in the 60s if you read the chapter ahead of what the teacher required you to read
@@bobleclair5665 That's pretty extreme...had they never taught the class before? Because even teaching one semester of science would get you reasonably familiar with the material.
Also, I doubt it was that bad back then, because of the Cold War, the need for scientists and mathematicians would be huge. Some brilliant minds came from that era, and I just don't think they'd skimp on those subjects in particular.
It could also have been a regional problem.
@@daveyjones8969 actually, it was pretty good, you could skip school if you told them that you were going to get a haircut, it’s amazing we learned anything, we had shop for us slow learners and those that couldn’t afford college, good memories
At 1.29M subscribers, and 113K views in one day on this video alone, I daresay Anton has unlocked the secret to going viral with viruses.
Most excellent! Thanks, Anton!
So, does that mean every time I sneeze... my brain, just gets that little bit smaller? Sorry... I'II see myself out.😅
Amazing, thx for the update Anton
I love viruses, such fascinating signal machines! To learn about this new research is *awesome*
Thanks for your videos throughout the years I am so thankful for your content
Thanks Anton, very informative.
Life is complex but its complecity is so splendid for us to have opprtunity to understand and enjoy it thank all the scientists‘s effort
Mind blowing.
Phenomenal work, btw covering stuff in general!
Dam, you vids are the best! Keep up the good work!
Now I understand the Futurama epizode where Fry eats infected snack and gets superpowers thanks to the patogens 🙂
This was awesome, such another great video from Anton
This was one of the more mind-blowing things I've seen here 🤯🤯
Hello Wonderful Anton... My name is person and I'll be thanking you for your informative video today.
(several post stroke years later) yer a great addition to my kitchen! thank you for you efforts bud.
Excellent video. Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video. Many thanks for the links.
The video title is just wild
biological viruses lead to memetic viruses (memes)
so myelin is like the teflon on a coax cable
when did they put teflon in there? no wonder fires are so toxic
Once again, mind blown! Thanks Anton!
There’s also some research into whether these generic viral relics are responsible for why so many conditions and illnesses have the same constellation of symptoms (beyond immuno responses), and sometimes trigger (activate) conditions that complicate diagnosis and treatments.
The "constant viral attack" could also be a function in cancer. Worth investigating the opposite function for treatments of cancer.
I don't know why I agree with that... not entirely cancer related, but... the constant . . That I agree with, so... in the end.. I concede that, with cancer too... just not only cancer
I'm an oncology pharmacist that dispenses tuberculosis bcg vaccine for bladder cancer. They dont know why or how it works. You can read about it on the bladder cancer wikipedia page.
I built a time machine and traveled back in time. I’m back now, but I miss the friends I made.
5:25 🦈 Anton, always the jester
Awesome video. Thanks for sharing the information with us sir Petrov.
I know the Sky Father is responsible for all life and such but it is intriguing to think differently about viruses. After learning about viruses, prions, I wondered what purpose they served.
Yay? 30 years ago I was dismissed as stupid/ignorant by a biology postdoc for finding the idea of "junk dna" to be preposterous. And again, my intuition turns out to have been correct. Oh well, too bad.
Same same !
Not what was said
You are a Ritalin addict.
@@creanixchristopher2034 ok
Yeah, go figure, well, good thing we know now, before doing crazy stuff with managing genome... Right?... Right??? Not in our food right???.... Oh shit.... We are fucked....
Amazing -- thanks once more Anton
freaking love this channel 🎉❤❤
You know NHIs probably had a hand in human evolution to some degree.. 👽🛸👁
Nonhuman intelligence? Well... I would agree with you
On the surface, even without an ET... genetic selection is a sort of intelligent mechanism.
The national highway institute? Huh, who wouldve guessed
@@Salamandra40k You can read the congressional definition of NHI in the UAP Disclosure Amendment of 2023.👽🛸🇺🇸
@@thingonathinginathing Bro I'm not a schizo conspiracy theorist like you. Aliens havent been here. Why would they come here? Why would they interfere with us? If they can cross the mind-bogglingly immense expanses of space, what do they have to gain or learn from us? They dont need our resources, they dont need our land, they dont need our people or our knowledge. We have nothing to offer them except to be studied as an example for how intelligence evolves...and they can easily study us from across our own solar system with a von neumann craft without ever needing to come here themselves. You are just insane- take your meds
@@thingonathinginathing Bro Im not a schizo conspiracy theorist like you. Aliens have never been to earth. We have nothing to offer them- not resources, not land, not people or our knowledge. They have no reason to be interested in us other than as a case-study as to how intelligence develops...and they can easily study us using an automated von neumann craft across the solar system without ever having to leave their own star system. We are nothing to them.
Who’s watching this in 2023?
Me!
Found the time travelers! Give me your phone that has Amazon Yesterday and RUclips Tomorrow!
Not me!
Mfing time travelers
Huh?
Amazing information. Thanks Anton for sharing knowledge
Extremely interesting, and very specialized, but explained very effectively.
Interesting comments too.
In one word " fascinating "
And probably more than useful/helpful for some individuals.
Fantastic information as always. Thank you for the enlightening educational content
Fascinating, thank you so much.
Thank you for explaining it so simply that I could understand the process and also find it interesting! I want to learn more about this topic!
This is an great explanation of where all the mutations "selected for" come from. Also provides great fodder for genetic drift. Thanks for pointing this one out, Anton.
Amazing. Very well done. Time to be humbled again by the lowly ? virus. Never stop being amazed. Thank you.
Extremely fascinating how they can find out.Lovely video👍🤗
Woow. Anton always teaches me something new that really is useful in life
My first thought was about sauropods and how their neural systems had to have been ‘infected’ in order to transmit signals over the length of their enormous bodies. Fascinating episode.
I'm speechless. Thank you. Wow.
Thank you very much about your piece on VIRUSES. Their role in evolution is just beginning to be recognised. And there seems to be much more
Mind blown, actually. Could be my favorite vid from you, Anton.
really well explained, thanks
This is an excellent piece.
Thanks for the info!
Thank you so much Anton for another incredibly interesting presentation.
As you state this is a truly intriguing subject and I wonder how the rh- neg plays into the scenario? I love your channel! You are wonderful 🤍
Love your work! That smile at the end was entertaining if a bit disconcerting. 😂
Yep!! Always boggled me how we could call anything junk - nothing in nature is random lol just cuz you don’t see it or understand it doesn’t mean its empty or trashable or random. So happy all these recent breakthroughs are shattering the mind numbing fossilisation that took over in the sciences.
you're a wonderful person anton 👍
Anton, would you consider doing a video about yourself? Those of us who have been watching your videos for a long time know some things about you, but I for one would be interested in knowing more about your life and how you ended up doing science communication. Either way, keep up the good work.
0:31 The Brownian motion on the viral envelope is on point 😗👌
Really interesting! Can't wait to find out more.
This video is one of those “everybody should see this” - including and particularly those who views viruses as inherently bad
One of the most interesting videos so far! Up there with feces transplantation and the anatomy of the universe compared to a brain. I LOVE your channel, Thank you, wonderful person!
Wonderful person you are Anton!
ANTON was the source of knowledge I gather about physics and cosmology, but now he has started on biology and evolution of life, based of the role of millions of viruses over millions of yers helping us evolve almost all our functions, from reproduction and role of intelligence enabling us to gather WISDOM and much more. Thank you Anton. What would I have done without you.
He's covered biological topics for years lmao. Still on par with other great science communicators like Hank Green or Kyle Hill
@@Bryophytan Nobody covered life in all its complicated role of the millions of viruses making our life over millions of years of evolution. All of his reports are different and insightful, no one else sees.