Thank you for watching! You can read our full article on the working principle & types of diodes at: www.electrical4u.com/diode-working-principle-and-types-of-diode/
Thanks! After watching a number of other video's that tried to explain diodes, I found this one to be the first that clearly explains how the depletion region and electric field forms and works. It helped that you explained that the N- and P-doped material is neutral (has no charge). That explains why a field is formed, and I missed that information in other videos.
You may also refer the books in this reply. What is a pn junction ? A pn junction allows current in one direction only. It blocks current in the reverse direction. When a pn junction is formed, a potential barrier designated Vo comes into existence and is typically around 0.6 to 0.7 volts for silicon junctions. When the barrier whose Vo is 0.7 volts is disturbed by applying a forward bias of say, 0.6 volts, the current increases and the increase becomes steep for small increments of the forward bias value a little greater than 0.68 volts. Large currents are observed when the forward bias is 0.69 volts which is closer to the barrier voltage of 0.7 volts. The forward bias can never exceed the potential barrier voltage nor can it bring the barrier down to zero volts. That is the reason you seldom see current vs volt graphs of pn junction diodes beyond a volt or so. How does the bias remain less than the barrier in an operational diode? The voltage bias applied drops in the bulk neutral regions of the diode. The current in a forward bias adjusts to fulfill the conservation of current law and the rate of recombination. A detailed description of the pn junction with a distinct approach using surface charges, alignment of Fermi levels, creation of the barrier, the distinct processes of diffusion, drift, recombination and the influence of the electric field on the energies of electrons is provided in the following textbooks. Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science and not two, that of electricity and magnetism. To know how they are unified visit this link matterandinteractions.org/articles-talks/ and view the article 'A unified treatment of electrostatics and circuits. B. Sherwood and R. Chabay, unpublished. (1999)' pdf. For a live demonstration of surface charge and its effects in circuits visit ruclips.net/video/U7RLg-691eQ/видео.html For a detailed discussion of surface charge, coulomb's law, electric fields, fields of dipoles and other charge configurations, and parallel plates, and a distinct approach using the surface charge concept in the study of advanced topics of capacitance, currents, conservation of charge, conservation of current, superposition of fields, superposition of potential, simple dc circuit, magnetic fields, magnetic fields of a current element, straight wire, current loop, solenoids, biot-savart law, voltage, voltage source, difference between e.m.f. and potential difference, ideal voltage sources, resistors, how current branches in a parallel circuit, capacitors, inductors, Faraday's law, inductance, ac circuits, transmission lines, Lorentz Force law, motors, generators, p-n junction diodes, electromagnetic waves, antennas and radiation, new electrodynamic theories on the nature of the electric field, see "Electric and Magnetic Interactions" by Chabay and Sherwood www.matterandinteractions.org or Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits by Sridhar Chitta www.wileyindia.com/fundamentals-of-electric-theory-and-circuits.html There is a "look inside" feature in the amazon.com webpage of the book "Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits" by Sridhar Chitta with a few pages of Chapter 1 which may be viewed and also which you may swipe left or press < icon to view the foreword, preface and Table of Contents. The contents of the above book by Sridhar Chitta, make a distinct unified approach to electrostatics and a few advanced circuits like coupling signals to amplifiers, lending precision and clarity to the topics which is not found in most text books. The book comes alongwith a CD with animated power point presentations for all chapters and voltage regulator, RC phase shift oscillators and differential amplifiers included additionally. For a lecture by Prof Ruth Chabay on surface charge in a simple dc circuit visit ruclips.net/video/-7W294N_Hkk/видео.html There is a full set of lectures beginning lecture 13 here on surface charges, electric fields, simple circuits, capacitance, inductance, faraday's law, motional emf, magnetic forces and more topics here matterandinteractions.org/videos/EM.html
One of the best explanation here on YT. Many others does not understand the difference between power source polarity and electric receiving component polarity and semiconductors. The latter do not carry the electrical potential. Maybe they should study how capacitors work and think twice.
This video finally helped me understand how the depletion region works and why little to no current flows when the diode is reverse biased. I read about it in a book but it was hard to understand. Thanks.
Some of the othe "specialists" (who dont get a slightest idea) show the potential current inside semiconductiors flow thru the whole circuit what is WRONG. I like this tutorial. It very good.
Wondering explanation . I saw many videos explaining but this amazing. My concept is clear. I have been searching for the logical explanation of working principle of diode.
4:26 you said applied voltage > forward bias voltage will make currents flow, but why is that when you said that when there is more applied voltage the diode will behave as an open switch.
This video really saved me it's around my 20th and I finally understood it. Thanks! However, I've got a question. Why does the junction act as a barrier??
When electrons flow from N to P,and holes from P to N, after a point of time there are so many electrons in Ptype that they actually repel more electrons from coming in thus creating a barrier,similarly holes get form a positive charge in Ntype after a point of time and that repels more holes from coming in.Here the main concept is like charges repel
@@kiransrinivasan6370 better than having heavy accent making it hard to understand for some folks. I didn't fully understand it but will keep watching it till I do. Thanks for the video.
You caught it! actually, the direction you meant is of the electrical field and since E = - grad V, the potential difference direction should be the opposite so it is correct then. But it's a brilliant catch :)
we dont actually join ptype and ntype because then due to surface irregularities current wouldnt flow but rather we dope the same material.PLEASE CORRECCT ME IF I M WRONG
In the depletion layer Some electrons migrate from p - type but Y it does not moves further in n-type and y the hole created in n-type cant attract further electrons
Sir can you tell about that battery positive terminal is high potential (electrons) so how can it repulse p junction in this circuit pls tell me what is happening there
isn't holes the empty space on atom orbits ? why is there holes without the atom structures themself ? and how do they leave their orbits and roam freely in a solid without their orbits ?
The potential barrier of an operational diode can never be made zero. What is a pn junction ? A pn junction allows current in one direction only. It blocks current in the reverse direction. When a pn junction is formed, a potential barrier designated Vo comes into existence and is typically around 0.6 to 0.7 volts for silicon junctions. When the barrier whose Vo is 0.7 volts is disturbed by applying a forward bias of say, 0.6 volts, the current increases and the increase becomes steep for small increments of the forward bias value a little greater than 0.68 volts. Large currents are observed when the forward bias is 0.69 volts which is closer to the barrier voltage of 0.7 volts. The forward bias can never exceed the potential barrier voltage nor can it bring the barrier down to zero volts. That is the reason you seldom see current vs volt graphs of pn junction diodes beyond a volt or so. How does the bias remain less than the barrier in an operational diode? The voltage bias applied drops in the bulk neutral regions of the diode. A detailed description of the pn junction with a distinct approach using surface charges, alignment of Fermi levels, creation of the barrier, the distinct processes of diffusion, drift, recombination and the influence of the electric field on the energies of electrons is provided in the following textbooks. Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science and not two, that of electricity and magnetism. To know how they are unified visit this link matterandinteractions.org/articles-talks/ and view the article 'A unified treatment of electrostatics and circuits. B. Sherwood and R. Chabay, unpublished. (1999)' pdf. For a live demonstration of surface charge and its effects in circuits visit ruclips.net/video/U7RLg-691eQ/видео.html For a detailed discussion of surface charge, coulomb's law, electric fields, fields of dipoles and other charge configurations, parallel plates, capacitance, currents, conservation of charge, conservation of current, superposition of fields, superposition of potential, simple dc circuit, magnetic fields, magnetic fields of a current element, straight wire, current loop, solenoids, biot-savart law, voltage, voltage source, difference between e.m.f. and potential difference, ideal voltage sources, resistors, how current branches in a parallel circuit, capacitors, inductors, faraday's law, inductance, ac circuits, transmission lines, motors, generators, p-n junction diodes, electromagnetic waves, antennas and radiation, new electrodynamic theories on the nature of the electric field, see "Electric and Magnetic Interactions" by Chabay and Sherwood www.matterandinteractions.org or Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits by Sridhar Chitta www.wileyindia.com/fundamentals-of-electric-theory-and-circuits.html There is a "look inside" feature in the amazon.com webpage of the book "Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits" by Sridhar Chitta with a few pages of Chapter 1 which may be viewed and also which you may swipe left or press < icon to view the foreword, preface and Table of Contents. The contents of the above book by Sridhar Chitta, make a distinct unified approach to electrostatics and a few advanced circuits like coupling signals to amplifiers, lending precision and clarity to the topics which is not found in most text books. The book comes alongwith a CD with animated power point presentations for all chapters and voltage regulator, RC phase shift oscillators and differential amplifiers included additionally. For a lecture by Prof Ruth Chabay on surface charge in a simple dc circuit visit ruclips.net/video/-7W294N_Hkk/видео.html
so a diode allows current to pass through when activated Like a gate. so why wouldnt use a mosfat instead because a mosfat also allows current to go through when activated.
god i'm so sick of watching hands flickering all over diagrams and not being able to read things that are behind it. this is the best video yet but i have to watch it over and over again because the voice does not pronounce words correctly.
Thank you for the feedback ila ila. We will take this on board for future videos. We will improve both the voice, and the hand movements. Have a great day.
![I.N "HALLUCINATION" | [Stray Kids : SKZ-PLAYER]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/n5B5q1Hwt_U/mqdefault.jpg)
Thank you for watching!
You can read our full article on the working principle & types of diodes at: www.electrical4u.com/diode-working-principle-and-types-of-diode/
could you tell us the background music you used? It is awesome & hypnotizing.
Background Music is extremely disturbing
Thanks! After watching a number of other video's that tried to explain diodes, I found this one to be the first that clearly explains how the depletion region and electric field forms and works. It helped that you explained that the N- and P-doped material is neutral (has no charge). That explains why a field is formed, and I missed that information in other videos.
You may also refer the books in this reply.
What is a pn junction ?
A pn junction allows current in one direction only. It blocks current in the reverse direction.
When a pn junction is formed, a potential barrier designated Vo comes into existence and is typically around 0.6 to 0.7 volts for silicon junctions.
When the barrier whose Vo is 0.7 volts is disturbed by applying a forward bias of say, 0.6 volts, the current increases and the increase becomes steep for small increments of the forward bias value a little greater than 0.68 volts. Large currents are observed when the forward bias is 0.69 volts which is closer to the barrier voltage of 0.7 volts.
The forward bias can never exceed the potential barrier voltage nor can it bring the barrier down to zero volts. That is the reason you seldom see current vs volt graphs of pn junction diodes beyond a volt or so.
How does the bias remain less than the barrier in an operational diode?
The voltage bias applied drops in the bulk neutral regions of the diode.
The current in a forward bias adjusts to fulfill the conservation of current law and the rate of recombination.
A detailed description of the pn junction with a distinct approach using surface charges, alignment of Fermi levels, creation of the barrier, the distinct processes of diffusion, drift, recombination and the influence of the electric field on the energies of electrons is provided in the following textbooks.
Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science and not two, that of electricity and magnetism. To know how they are unified visit this link
matterandinteractions.org/articles-talks/ and view the article 'A unified treatment of electrostatics and circuits. B. Sherwood and R. Chabay, unpublished. (1999)'
pdf.
For a live demonstration of surface charge and its effects in circuits visit
ruclips.net/video/U7RLg-691eQ/видео.html
For a detailed discussion of surface charge, coulomb's law, electric fields, fields of dipoles and other charge configurations, and parallel plates, and a distinct approach using the surface charge concept in the study of advanced topics of capacitance, currents, conservation of charge, conservation of current, superposition of fields, superposition of potential, simple dc circuit, magnetic fields, magnetic fields of a current element, straight wire, current loop, solenoids, biot-savart law, voltage, voltage source, difference between e.m.f. and potential difference, ideal voltage sources, resistors, how current branches in a parallel circuit, capacitors, inductors, Faraday's law, inductance, ac circuits, transmission lines, Lorentz Force law, motors, generators, p-n junction diodes, electromagnetic waves, antennas and radiation, new electrodynamic theories on the nature of the electric field, see "Electric and Magnetic Interactions" by Chabay and Sherwood
www.matterandinteractions.org
or
Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits by Sridhar Chitta
www.wileyindia.com/fundamentals-of-electric-theory-and-circuits.html
There is a "look inside" feature in the amazon.com webpage of the book "Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits" by Sridhar Chitta with a few pages of Chapter 1 which may be viewed and also which you may swipe left or press < icon to view the foreword, preface and Table of Contents. The contents of the above book by Sridhar Chitta, make a distinct unified approach to electrostatics and a few advanced circuits like coupling signals to amplifiers, lending precision and clarity to the topics which is not found in most text books.
The book comes alongwith a CD with animated power point presentations for all chapters and voltage regulator, RC phase shift oscillators and differential amplifiers included additionally.
For a lecture by Prof Ruth Chabay on surface charge in a simple dc circuit visit
ruclips.net/video/-7W294N_Hkk/видео.html
There is a full set of lectures beginning lecture 13 here on surface charges, electric fields, simple circuits, capacitance, inductance, faraday's law, motional emf, magnetic forces and more topics here
matterandinteractions.org/videos/EM.html
@@sridharchitta7321 thank's
Very good explanation! finally understood the biasing in a diode... thanks a lot!
No problem - happy it helped!
One of the best explanation here on YT. Many others does not understand the difference between power source polarity and electric receiving component polarity and semiconductors. The latter do not carry the electrical potential. Maybe they should study how capacitors work and think twice.
This video finally helped me understand how the depletion region works and why little to no current flows when the diode is reverse biased. I read about it in a book but it was hard to understand.
Thanks.
No nonsense straight to point videos like this are the best
Good video, but background music is dominating his voice, unable concentrate, plz change it
Nice exaplational good deplipational leary
Yes. I'm baling out at 0:50. Bye.
The best on junction explanation period
Thank you for your kind words Aimilios! :)
Thank you for this helpful video , wizh more success 🙌
Here is the video that shows how to determine the state of diode: ruclips.net/video/bkGy0GrMA-Y/видео.html
Best explanation on diode ever!
best explanation I found so far. The music is a little loud affecting concentration...
Thank you sooo much that was very useful .. Im Arabic from Iraq🇮🇶
I was skeptical given the format, but damn this is precise.
Best explanation on youtube
Voice of a teacher.
Thank you Selvam 🤓
Some of the othe "specialists" (who dont get a slightest idea) show the potential current inside semiconductiors flow thru the whole circuit what is WRONG. I like this tutorial. It very good.
Readme .txt I think there is a mistake here. He is taking about the depletion region not the whole diode.
Yeah , great exp , but i really hate digital voice over and stupid repetitious, distracting music..
Good explained!Nice Sir.
Wondering explanation .
I saw many videos explaining but this amazing. My concept is clear. I have been searching for the logical explanation of working principle of diode.
Amazing and best explanation on RUclips
Thank you for your kind words! :)
Thank you from Morocco really it's so helpful ❤️
Thank you for your kind words Oumaima - no worries! :)
Thankyou
From -Bangladesh
This guy draws the best circles
Very good sharing 👍🏻
4:26 you said applied voltage > forward bias voltage will make currents flow, but why is that when you said that when there is more applied voltage the diode will behave as an open switch.
Good explanation for simple PN JUNCTION DIOD super thank you.
No problem at all Sivakumar! Happy to hear you found the video useful 😄
This video really saved me it's around my 20th and I finally understood it. Thanks! However, I've got a question. Why does the junction act as a barrier??
When electrons flow from N to P,and holes from P to N, after a point of time there are so many electrons in Ptype that they actually repel more electrons from coming in thus creating a barrier,similarly holes get form a positive charge in Ntype after a point of time and that repels more holes from coming in.Here the main concept is like charges repel
Thanks 🙏 ❤
Great job, this is really helpful and convincing.
Thank you very much!
Best vedio ♥️ ♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️♥️ no words to say thanks
No worries at all! Thank you for your kind words, I'm glad you found it useful 🤓
at 3:03 their is a mistake because barrier potential is from n type to p type
No it is correct only
I love it, diodes truly one of a kind ! Best regards
Thank you for your kind words Benjamin! Happy to hear you found our video useful 🙂
Great explanation.
Best video on pn junction
Thank you for your kind words Amarnath :)
lovely Video clearified all my douts
Thank you for your kind words! :)
Very good sir this is education.
yoh...thank you Mr. that's some good explanation
Nice explanation 👌 thank you sir 👍
incredible!! Maybe the best video on diodes that I've seen so far
Good video but voice is not Good
We will try and improve for next time! :)
Thank you for the feedback Ganesh! We will try to improve this in future :)
That's about as good as text-to-speech gets.
@@kiransrinivasan6370 better than having heavy accent making it hard to understand for some folks. I didn't fully understand it but will keep watching it till I do. Thanks for the video.
Is music necessary??
excellent video that i had ever seen
Brilliant video S Ghosh. Animation looked like calligraphy. Which software did you use to create this video? How did you make this video?
Awesome sir
great explanation
Good explanation
Great experience with excellent
Well explained
Great job ever
Thanks sir, really that is very useful
Is there any mistake about the direction of the barrier potential ? I think it must be the opposite direction, or am I wrong ?
You caught it! actually, the direction you meant is of the electrical field and since E = - grad V, the potential difference direction should be the opposite so it is correct then. But it's a brilliant catch :)
Nguyễn Duy Anh yeah you're right
You mean electric field as told by pfesd but in the video, the are showing di-pole moment -ve to +ve
FU conventional flow Theory
I think u r correct
we can't combine a ptype and n type semiconductor to form a pn junction diode bcz of surface irregularities.
very good
and thanks
This section is based on Solid State Physics. All of us shoul know about Semiconductors, band theory in short, Doping etc.
Sir, Great one. Which software do you use for formation of video's.
Amazing videos
Please give more videos
We will - thank you for your kinds words Shazia 😊
Thanks, really appreciated it, I think I got it.
Thanks so much man
many thanks
No worries at all Mohanad :)
The background music is highly disturbing😢
In reverse bias.. about the reverse satuaration current. Is it from n to p? The diagram in the video is drawn the opposite
Is direction of barrier potential is correct??
Nice video
we dont actually join ptype and ntype because then due to surface irregularities current wouldnt flow but rather we dope the same material.PLEASE CORRECCT ME IF I M WRONG
Mind blowing
In the depletion layer
Some electrons migrate from p - type but Y it does not moves further in n-type and y the hole created in n-type cant attract further electrons
Sir can you tell about that battery positive terminal is high potential (electrons) so how can it repulse p junction in this circuit pls tell me what is happening there
well explained
Awsome..!
Awesome!
My concentration was on the background music😂
Onek Dhonyobaad
Good sir
Thank you Raju :)
Thank you sir...
v nice explain
Good sir please update concepts in ece branch b.tech
isn't holes the empty space on atom orbits ? why is there holes without the atom structures themself ? and how do they leave their orbits and roam freely in a solid without their orbits ?
I had the exact same question in mind
this is supposed to be a dopped semi conductor
this is supposed to be a dopped semi conductor
very nice vide
beautiful
thanks🌹
No problem Ragad!
Good video, I think the HAL 9000 would have been a better narraror.
Thanks, Acceptable easy theory with nice video, very good. BTW i want that music, could someone tell me what is the music title? thanks.
Right direction flow
The potential barrier of an operational diode can never be made zero.
What is a pn junction ?
A pn junction allows current in one direction only. It blocks current in the reverse direction.
When a pn junction is formed, a potential barrier designated Vo comes into existence and is typically around 0.6 to 0.7 volts for silicon junctions.
When the barrier whose Vo is 0.7 volts is disturbed by applying a forward bias of say, 0.6 volts, the current increases and the increase becomes steep for small increments of the forward bias value a little greater than 0.68 volts. Large currents are observed when the forward bias is 0.69 volts which is closer to the barrier voltage of 0.7 volts.
The forward bias can never exceed the potential barrier voltage nor can it bring the barrier down to zero volts. That is the reason you seldom see current vs volt graphs of pn junction diodes beyond a volt or so.
How does the bias remain less than the barrier in an operational diode?
The voltage bias applied drops in the bulk neutral regions of the diode.
A detailed description of the pn junction with a distinct approach using surface charges, alignment of Fermi levels, creation of the barrier, the distinct processes of diffusion, drift, recombination and the influence of the electric field on the energies of electrons is provided in the following textbooks.
Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science and not two, that of electricity and magnetism. To know how they are unified visit this link
matterandinteractions.org/articles-talks/ and view the article 'A unified treatment of electrostatics and circuits. B. Sherwood and R. Chabay, unpublished. (1999)'
pdf.
For a live demonstration of surface charge and its effects in circuits visit
ruclips.net/video/U7RLg-691eQ/видео.html
For a detailed discussion of surface charge, coulomb's law, electric fields, fields of dipoles and other charge configurations, parallel plates, capacitance, currents, conservation of charge, conservation of current, superposition of fields, superposition of potential, simple dc circuit, magnetic fields, magnetic fields of a current element, straight wire, current loop, solenoids, biot-savart law, voltage, voltage source, difference between e.m.f. and potential difference, ideal voltage sources, resistors, how current branches in a parallel circuit, capacitors, inductors, faraday's law, inductance, ac circuits, transmission lines, motors, generators, p-n junction diodes, electromagnetic waves, antennas and radiation, new electrodynamic theories on the nature of the electric field, see "Electric and Magnetic Interactions" by Chabay and Sherwood
www.matterandinteractions.org
or
Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits by Sridhar Chitta
www.wileyindia.com/fundamentals-of-electric-theory-and-circuits.html
There is a "look inside" feature in the amazon.com webpage of the book "Fundamentals of electric theory and circuits" by Sridhar Chitta with a few pages of Chapter 1 which may be viewed and also which you may swipe left or press < icon to view the foreword, preface and Table of Contents. The contents of the above book by Sridhar Chitta, make a distinct unified approach to electrostatics and a few advanced circuits like coupling signals to amplifiers, lending precision and clarity to the topics which is not found in most text books.
The book comes alongwith a CD with animated power point presentations for all chapters and voltage regulator, RC phase shift oscillators and differential amplifiers included additionally.
For a lecture by Prof Ruth Chabay on surface charge in a simple dc circuit visit
ruclips.net/video/-7W294N_Hkk/видео.html
مين من عند السيد عبدالمنعم
منور 😂😂
Thankyou so much
just awesome
How is there still ions in the depletion region? I thought it was supposed to be neutral?
Those ions are the boron/phosphorus atoms, not the silicon ones. They need one more/less electron than the saturated crystal grid of silicon has.
so a diode allows current to pass through when activated Like a gate. so why wouldnt use a mosfat instead because a mosfat also allows current to go through when activated.
Bad voice but good explanation :D
content is good, but his voice is not clear.
Thank you for the feedback! We will improve this in future videos
absolutely it is good
god i'm so sick of watching hands flickering all over diagrams and not being able to read things that are behind it. this is the best video yet but i have to watch it over and over again because the voice does not pronounce words correctly.
Ikr? the non uniform reading got into my nerves.
The voice is matching not like indian accent can't understood that
ila ila jvh
Thank you for the feedback ila ila. We will take this on board for future videos. We will improve both the voice, and the hand movements. Have a great day.
What is the hole in this video?
please .... song's title ????
Please tell me how you make this video
How you create that video please tell me..
Steal a robot
@@3dvisiongamer213 How to steal Robot, please tell me
nice explanation but the music is too loud
thank u
No problem Khawaja :)
i cant understand a dam word that is said, i will never get this time back.
I'm sorry it wasn't to your standards Donald. We hear your feedback and will look to improve the audio of future videos 🙂
I'm sorry it wasn't to your standards Donald. We have heard your feedback, and will definitely be improving the audio of our future videos 🙂
Supper sir
Good video but that disturbance background is worst part..........plzz remove that music for remaining upcoming videos
Thank you for the feedback Mubashir, will take that into account for future videos :)