Photochemical Smog (Animation)
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- Опубликовано: 28 авг 2024
- #PhotochemicalSmog #AnimatedChemistry #KineticSchool
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Formation of Photochemical smog:
"Smog" is a mixture of fog and smog which occurs in some busy industrial cities.
Smoke + Fog = SMOG
Smog is of two types:
1. Classical Smog.
2. Photochemical Smog.
Classical Smog, is produced by the combustion or burning of fossil fuels like coal, petrol or gasoline etc., and caused by a mixture of smoke and SO2, present in air.
Classical smog also known as London Smog.
• It’s also reducing in nature.
• It occurs in cool, humid climate.
• Major Constituents are smoke, fog and sulfur dioxide.
• It can occur both during the day and at night.
In December 1952, London was trapped in a deadly cloud of fog and pollution for five days.
At the time, the city ran on cheap coal for everything from generating power to heating homes.
which was the result of classical smog.
Photochemical smog is a type of smog produced when ultraviolet light from the sun reacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere.
• It is also referred to as "Summer Smog" or "Los Angeles Smog".
• It is an Oxidising Smog and visible as a Brown Haze.
• It only happens in the presence of sunlight.
• Major Constituents are Hydrocarbons, O3, PAN and NOx.
• It is most prominent during the morning and afternoon.
photochemical smog formation is influenced by the weather conditions, such as
• Warm Sunny Days.
• Gentle Winds.
• Lower Level Inversion, which is also known as Thermal Inversion.
• Combustion of hydrocarbon and Nitrogen Oxides.
Sources of Photochemical smog’s pollutants.
•Volcanic eruption
• Forest fire
• Automobiles
• industry
• power plant
Reaction of Photochemical smog:
•Nitrogen (N₂) and Oxygen (O₂) combine in the combustion process to form Nitric Oxide (NO).
N₂ + O₂ = 2NO
•This Nitric Oxide (NO) oxidized in the atmosphere to produce Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂).
2NO + O₂ = 2NO₂
•Sunlight breaks down Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) into Nitric Oxide (NO) and an Oxygen radical (O).
NO₂ + h𝝊 = NO + O
•The Oxygen radical (O) combines with molecular Oxygen (O₂) to form Ozone (O₃).
O₂ + O = O
•Ozone (O₃) is the main component of photochemical smog.
•NO can remove O₃ by reacting with it to form NO₂ and O₂ .
NO + O₃ = NO₂ + O₂
Alternative Reactions:
NO and NO₂ can also react with the hydrocarbons instead of O₃ to form other volatile compounds known as PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate).
NO₂ + O₂ + Hydrocarbons + light → PAN
a) Reactive hydrocarbon (those with C=C group) from auto exhaust interact with O₃ to from a hydrocarbon free radical RCH₂•.
b) RCH₂• rapidly reacts with O₂ to from another free radical RCH₂O₂•.
c) RCH₂O₂• reacts with NO to produce NO₂ & the free radical RCH₂O•
d) This new free radical next interacts with O₂ to yield a stable aldehyde (RCHO), and hydroperoxyl radical (HO₂•).
e) HO₂• then reactive with another molecule of NO to give NO₂ & HO•.
f) HO• is extremely reactive & rapidly reacts with a stable hydrocarbon RCH ₃ to yield H₂O & regenerate the hydrocarbon free radical RCH₂•, thereby completing cycle.
Peroxyacetyl nitrate is also known as peroxyacyl nitrate.
Photochemical smog was first identified in Los Angeles in 1944.
In 2017, Photochemical smog to envelop large parts of Beijing.
Otherwise, In November 2017, the air pollution spiked far beyond acceptable levels in Delhi.
Effects of Photochemical smog:
Photochemical smog's effects cause eye irritation, damage to the respiratory system and vegetation.
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Nice video...but background music should be less...
Never had watched a better illustration than this on youtube
Thank you 😊
Love from India 🇮🇳.
Please cover the most of topics of environmental science.. So nice vedio.. Having lots of information 👍👍👍
thank you so much. I have an assignment regarding photochemical smog, this video was a great help cause I didn't know where to start.
I'm so glad!
Very nice, loved it.. Thank you
Made this boring chapter quite interesting through pictures...
Really helpful and informative! However, there's much scope of improvement with the editing and graphics. Thank you for the efforts that went in making this!
Love from India!❤️
www.engineeringchoice.com/smog-causes-effect-and-control-measures/
16.11.2021.
You are from riwa
Remarkable
👍🏻 great video
Very useful video, I am Global citizen of Earth, plant a tree to protect our home planet, wishing good time from INDIA..
Bruh you nailed it
Very very nice and easy to understand and appreciate your help sir
Thanks.
Very helpful and the rxns were ossum....
Thanks a ton
This video was incredibly helpful. Thanks mate
Thank you so much it help me a lot in my assignment 👍👍👍👍👍👍thank you 👍
Nice video
Thank you sir 🙏🙏🙏. Nice vedio 👏👏👏.
Background music is too loud so I can't hear the speaker, other than that nice video.
Thankyou for your feedback . We will try to improve in upcoming videos.
www.engineeringchoice.com/smog-causes-effect-and-control-measures/
very nice.
very good animation also. thank you! fall forward
Reaction of Photochemical smog- 3:44
Very good
Wow wat an explaination
truly
what* explanation*
😎 Well done...it was awesome 👌 👏...
Thank you so much 😀
Amazing video
Thanks for the visit
can you give sources for the underlying chemistry of photochemical smog... I need to research for an important project
Informative
Much info i got from ur video
Wacky animations and the google translator voice is hard to follow but nevertheless very good explained! Thanks for the video:)
Absolutely fantastic
Thank you Sir. We value your feedback.
Nicely explained ..
Keep it up
Very very good vedio...
Thanks it's really helpful
No worries
very nice explaination
Thanks and welcome
Is it a radicle or just atomic oxygen
Nice 👍, carry onnnn❤❤❤❤
Nice video mam
Go by this video i complete understand the concept of this photochemical smog which made easy compare to boring teach by professors in college thank you very much
Such comments are truly inspiring. Thank you.
Nice presentation 👍
Thanks a lot
Which app do you use for mKing this video
❤❤
Photochemical smog is loss Angel smog
Not London smog
London smog is known as classical smog
Thanks ☺️😊
Welcome 😊
love from Pakistan
Video is nice but background music is too loud
Thnkuuuu
I Have Explained about How SMOG is Killing Me? In My Latest Video!!
The video would be good without that annoying Music
Too long
Nice video