Operation Oyster - The low-level raid on the Philips works at Eindhoven - 6th December 1942
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- Опубликовано: 29 сен 2024
- On 6th December 1942, No. 2 Group RAF undertook a raid on the Philips Strijp and Emmasingel radio and vacuum tube works in Eindhoven, one of the biggest producers of electronics in Europe at the time. Also known as the Eindhoven Raid, all flying took place at ground level to avoid anti-aircraft defences, with the Bostons, Mosquitos and Venturas successfully knocking out the Philips works for an estimated six months. Tragically however, fourteen British aircraft were lost and 135 civilians were killed.
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Visuals: IL-2 Sturmovik: Great Battles il2sturmovik.com/
Sources:
Operation Oyster World War II's Forgotten Raid: The Daring Low Level Attack on the Philips Radio Works, Paul Schepers, Kees Rijken, Arthur G. Thorning
FILM ID: 1346.14 MEDIA URN:44408 GROUP: Pathe newsreels ARCHIVE: British Pathé ISSUE DATE: 17/12/1942 www.britishpat...
www.key.aero/a...
Music: ‘Into The Unknown' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
Map in video and photos of Strijp and Emmasingel factories: pp. 53, 19 and 21 in Operation Oyster World War II's Forgotten Raid listed above in full.
#sotocinematics #history #il2
Historical discrepancies: The Venturas are represented by B-25 Mitchells as IL-2 does not model this aircraft. The Mosquito F.B. Mk.VIs shown represent the B Mk.IVs that were present, as these are also not modelled in IL-2. The Bostons actually carried four 500lb bombs but they are not modelled in IL-2.
Hope you enjoyed!
Great idea using B-25's, I was wondering how you'd solve the Ventura problem.
I wonder if the Pe-2 with a RAF scheme would look more like Venturas? I'm probably wrong.
Also, do you think it's possible one day you might document Op. Ramrod 16?
@@TheDidgerideuces I made a whole load of Pe 2 RAF skins but it didn't look quite right. Ramrod 16 was disastrous! I wish I could make it but to do it justice I'd really need the Ventura
@@sotocinematics yeah, I had a feeling that you made the best call given the circumstances. Your shots of the Mitchells were really well done to obfuscate what they really were. Thanks for the reply!
I'd love if the developers could set up the A-20 like they have the Hurricane or P51B; where selecting certain skins unlocks British bombs to be equipped.
Well, damn, I immediately thought that they looked like B-25s, then wondered how come Venturas looked exactly like B-25s! 😊
"135 civilians are killed"
I am Dutch and I'm sometimes frustrated when people in current conflict areas blame intervening forces for civilians casualties, in some cases caused by Dutch operations.
I never knew my grandmother because of an allied raid on Amsterdam. Plenty of civilians have been killed by accidental bombings of allied forces.
I don't know of any Dutch person ever blaming allied nations for this, and that is how it should be. War is horrible, innocent people sometimes die unintentionally.
Also the forces that carry out the missions risk their lives themselves, as this video also shows.
Thank you for the video. Wing Commander Peter Dutton was my grandfather. The CGI is awkward, but I loved hearing the story.
You have the best quality vids! I can't believe these great vids are make by just 1 guy! Keep up the great work!! 👍👍👍
My father witnessed this raid as a 15 year old living in Eindhoven just about a mile away from the Emmasingel .
As I understood there was anti aircraft guns on top off the buildings that hit one Mosquito , has my father seen this right at the time ?
Yes correct! They were on the buildings
Very brave aircrew. We owe them alot. Definitely the greatest generation.
Great work! …I have a hand generator flashlight made by Phillips. They were popular among German soldiers.
Yes indeed! For civilians as well (the so called Knijpkat) as batteries were not available during occupation as they were confiscated by the Germans. Apart from that the so called "verduistering" forbid every form of light after sunset so it was pitch black as lampposts were off and even windows had to be covered with thick cloth so absolute no light was visible from the outside. The meaning, to deny British night bombers of any pathfinding based on ground mapping on their way to German cities.
Very good video! 😁
True heroes
Probably the most famous attack of the war….and you forgot it?
RIP to all those who lost their lives. Amazing bravery from all concerned. Also wanted to mention that two squadrons from Australia and New Zealand took part in this raid.
And I believe one of the kiwis earned a VC I think....???
Years later, One of raid leaders returned to the factory to apologise, he was told all was forgiven. GREAT JOB Soto
Lancasters attacked Eindhoven later in the war. in support of the Normandy invasion.
German night-fighters tore them up and one of those killed was my second cousin
Flight Sargent Sam Mills
of Southport Queensland Australia .
This is some of the best animation of a historical incident I have ever seen on RUclips. Good job!
An important bombing attack. But at the same time, it makes me sad to think of the many brave, young men killed on the raid, as well as the many civilians who lost their lives. WW2 was horrific and I pray we never see its like again.
We'll definitely see its successor.
Thank you for this reminder of this very important raid. And the sacrifice these young men made for our freedom. Long may they and all those who gave their lives be remembered .
My mother never forgot it. She used to work there before the war and after the raid, she found a bomb splinter in my eldest sister's cot. 5 houses down the street were totally destroyed.
I salute all British France and Canadian pilots from ww2
Aus and Kiwi pilots were in the raid.
The French did a hell of a good job. Most of the rifles were only dropped once.
@@dulls8475 not to mention the Poles and quite a few other nationalities but the Kiwis and Aussies had a very high contribution per head of capita
A raid I certainly never heard about but a daring one. A fantastic cinematic as always Soto.
My father was in 226 squadon during this time, a bomb aimer / navigator. This is about the only mention of Bostons in RAF service I've seen. If anyone could point me in the right direction I'd be grateful. My father was Harry FitzPatrick, he wrote a chapter of B25 at war an Ian Allan book, though I don't think he was happy with how it was edited.
Really, it is not forgotten. It actually is well remembered by those who have studied military aviation history
Especially the Ventura blood
Absolutely superb. Your videos just keep getting better and better. Just watched the discussion of this raid on WW2TV a week or so ago.
When I saw the Philips plant in Eindhoven in 1960 there was no sign of war. In fact, Eindhoven was a particularly beautiful, clean city with modern buildings in the core that had been built since hostilities. Dutch quality through and through! Now France, a whole different story there. :)
Nice video, I have been researching a relation who was on the raid too, it was 464’s first combat mission out of RAF Feltwell, James Dunne was a radio op/ air gunner on Ventura AE863, they made it back to Feltwell after dropping bombs and incendiary’s. James and his crew were subsequently lost on their third combat mission on 22nd January 1943 to bomb Maupertas airfield in Normandy, their Ventura (AJ188) was hit by flak whilst flying at 100ft above the English Channel on the way in to the target, only the body of the Pilot was recovered off of the Isle of Wight. RIP
My dad (RIP) was an RAF armourer at Feltwell during this time, and he had nothing good to say about the Lockheed Ventura. But he was full of praise for the young men who flew in them. Lest we forget.
@@timwingham8952 thanks Tim, very interesting about your Dad, did he stay at Feltwell for the arrival of the Mosquito conversion?
@@philhunnisett7488 Hi. No he was posted to Italy, 40 Sqn 205 Group with Wellington IIIs and X out of Foggia. I often go to Feltwell. I can feel dad's presence every time.
My late mother, then ten years old, was playing with her brother in the attic of the parental home at the time. Take a look at how far Emma Singel and Heilige Geeststraat 18 are from each other! A few hundred meters as the crow flies. My mother looked through the attic window and saw "little men" falling from the tower into the depths. I think the crew of the German anti-aircraft guns. A day later my grandfather fed helping the neighbors across the street. That house was accidentally bombed. He thought he was picking up a ball of wool. It was a child's head.
Forgotten? Not when your family lived and still lives in the city.
EDIT: There were two major bombardments on Eindhoven. I first thought both were done by Allied bombers. I had to look them up to be sure, and found out my first comment was wrong... Operation Oyster, also nicknamed the Sinterklaasbombardement by the Dutch was in December 1942; and the second one was the Luftwaffe attack on the city on September 19, the day after its liberation. In the city centre near the original Philips buildings, there is the Operation Oyster monument.
4:06 Mosquitos luring the FW190s away from the formation. I have "Low Attack", by John Wooldridge, which chronicles the history of 105 and 139 Squadrons, which took part in this raid. In unarmed Mosquito bombers, they specialised in low-level daylight raids into occupied Europe and Germany - "low level" often meaning looking **up** at the tree tops. One of the stand-out features of the Mosquito was its exceptional speed at low altitude, where it was just as fast as the FW190. If a Focke Wulf going one way saw a Mosquito going the other way, by the time he turned to chase, the Mosquito was well out of range.
On a personal note: one of the Ventura pilots in this raid in 487 New Zealand Squadron was Pilot Office Andrew Edward Coutts, from Whakatane. On 3rd May 1943, he was shot down and killed when the squadron was wiped out attacking the Amsterdam power station - only one Ventura returned to base. Andrew Coutts was a friend of my parents and when I was born after the War, they named me after him.
Those Venturas were sitting ducks by the time they arrived at the target. Should of made better use of the Mossies as escorts.
I don’t think it’s a forgotten raid, it’s quite well known.
Were the 135 civilians workers at the Philips plant or living near the factory but got hit by missers ?
I admit, I didn't know the Lockheed Ventura. They had the toughest job, bombing at a time all the Germans were on high alert and pretty irritated due to the first two raids...
Almost 100 planes flying a considerable distance at high speed nap of earth (under fighter attack part of the way) and only one aircraft lost to ground collision (and that partly due to low visibility) - wow. The RAF really trained up their bomber pilots well!
Forgotten; depends how old you are.
Great content! Even as a Dutchmen, I have never heard of a Eindhoven raid... Super informative!
Thanks
You chose B25 Mitchell as your Boston bomber for maximum investigation.
Thank you for always posting good videos.
Well made. There are also a few RUclips videos with footage of the raid. They give a very good impression of how insanely low they flew. Whilst a successful raid, it was decided afterwards that any further such raids would be undertaken by Mosquitoes alone due to their higher speed.
Interesting to know that because although all three aircraft have similar payloads, the Mosquito is clearly much faster and better all round plane- despite being made of wood.
@@catinthehat906 I got into a dispute on RUclips a few days ago with somebody who was absolutely convinced the 633 Squadron raid on the rock above the factory was a real, historic event.
FYI: The Douglas "Boston" was the RAF designation for the plane known in U.S. service as the A-20 Havoc bomber and P-70 Nighthawk night-fighter. They also served for France, before and under Vichy France, as the DB-7. A remarkable history for a design that was built from 1939 to 1944 and served in combat on three continents.
Yeah, Douglas Made Great Planes. The Havoc, If Not Underrated Is Certainly Overshadowed By Other Types But Really, The American Equivalent To The Beaufighter.
It's not forgotten.
USAF Major James Gurney's 1963 "The War In The Air"
had a page of photos about this daylight raid.
Excellent work in recreating the raid! Kudos to you. Keep up the great work!!!
High quality as always, nevermind making do without the Ventura and Mossie B.IV, your attention to details is impeccable.
I need to know how you got that opening camera shot. It looks like your camera is focused on a second aircraft that's out of view, and i think that there's a significant speed difference between the two.
Taking the time & effort to create this shows how much you love your history.....Thanks for posting , it's superb!
Very brave men who had to know what their odds of survival were going into that raid.
Living about 30 km from Eindhoven, I can say that Eindhoven recoverd well, although the loss of civilians is sad. I knew about the raid but no more than that there was a raid once. This is a very accurate and beautiful movie. Thanx
Eindhoven = Philips town. Isn't it ? 😉
Was. Philips exists now mostly as a medical equipment supplier. DAF cars and trucks are also Eindhoven born and bred. ASML (founded partly by Philips) is the world leader in semiconductor lithography with close to 40,000 employees worldwide is based in the village of Veldhoven (part of the Eindhoven urban area) is now the city's largest High Tech company. VDL has to be a close second.
@@rodsdmba1571 extra info: DAF is a part of PACCAR since 1998 or so
My father was a gunner with 464 squadron (RAAF) and took part in that raid. Although an Australian squadron some of the crews were, like my father, from Britain or other countries.
If the 134 worked in the factory they can not really count as civillians. Working for the enemy even forced by the enemy count as collaborating with the enemy.
There is some nuance there. Please know your history before you judge. Frits Philips, the director of Philips employed many Jews and made an arrangement that the Germans didnt intervene. They were well housed, treated and fed at the cost of Philips themselves. They were not deported as Philips demanded they stayed as they were skillful workers and essential for the war effort. (Like Oskar Schindler did in the DEF factory at a much langer scale) Yes you are right, they had a contribution to the German war effort by producing radio equipement but Philips kept them safe and they survived the war. Germany would have continued production anyway and if they were opposed or frustrated by Philips we all knew what the results would have been for the staff and the Jews... Some note. The director was arrested at least two times for not folliwing the Jewish policies. However they let him go because he was desperately needed. Funny fact: After the bombardement he jumped on his bicycle and rushed to the factory to see if the staff was allright. He was a very good man. I had the honor to see him several times, he lived up to a hundred years.
You must be talking about Henry Ford, whose factory in Germany continued working right throughout WW2. Ford sent Hitler 50,000 USD every year as a birthday present. People under occupation work to feed their families. That is not collaboration. It's called survival. 20,000 Dutch people died in the winter of 1944 from starvation, because the Germans cut off all food supplies after Operation Market Garden. But yeah, keep on judging.
No forced labourer is a collaborator, how can they be if its was against their will.
@@maureenjackson2041 Because they where used in the war effort by Germany, And those in the factoriese that lost their lives during bombing was an acceptable cost to save lives in the thousand and thousand of other human lives. It is logic, and logic is not humane.
If you work at your video processing techniques, you can improve the smoothness of your videos A LOT!
Salute.
Thank You So Much for the detailed & well animated WWII Fighter / Bomber Missions for the Fans of Real WWII Aerial Combats , Soto Cinematics! 🌷🌿🌍💗🕊
Flying at zero feet is on the water! They were not flying at zero feet, 100 perhaps, but not zero.
Zero feet?
Think they’d be complaining of wet feet, knees and head if they were flying at zero feet
Youd think someone would hace thought to have had the bombers rendezvous with a fighter escort on the way home.
fry looks like leslie fillips,ding dong...lol 0:35
There are so many losses of life for 6 months delay in Philips plant production.
Why wasn't there a fighter escort to cover the bombers/Mosquitos?
There actually was an escort of Spitfires that met the bombers on the way back but I omitted this
That’s my birthday I would be born 27 years later.
Never knew about this raid, even though I am Dutch born and educated. We learned a lot about WWII at school and at home, but never heard about the raid on Philips. Deep respect for those who risked their lives to defeat the Nazi's that day, and R.I.P. for those who did get killed, including the civilians on the ground. Thank you for your sacrifice.
That is because you don't live in Eindhoven. En ik wel...
It seems better planning by sending American P-38’s or P-47 with drop tanks at a return way point to draw off the pursuing FW 99’s , typical go it alone attitude of the Britts at that time
The yanks were still in training while the Brits were taking the war to the Nazis…. Dont worry you can still chat USA USA … 😂
Lol another misinformed keyboard expert the yanks didn't have drop tanks or the resources to do a raid like that at that time of the war
Great work on another video. In the narrative you say the German fighters are fw190’s but the German fighter at the 10.30 mark is a 109?
The initial fighters that scrambled to intercept them as the bombers made landfall on the Dutch coast were Fw 190's . The mosquitoes flew close enough to the airfield to see them taking off and three Mossies dropped their ordinance and flew close to the Fw 190's to act as decoys. 3:25. No doubt every airfield in the area was scrambling all their fighters of every type from that moment on.
The were both fw190 and bf109s in the area
HOMENS CORAJOSOS E SUAS MÁQUINAS FANTÁSTICAS.
FORTALEZA CEARÁ
I was born in Eindhoven, and lived there for 26 years. You can clearly see today where the bombs fell that missed the radio factory. A large strip of empty concrete (a square with new postwar large shopping buildings around it) stand on the place where homes used to be standing. The heart was ripped from the city by the part of this bombardement that went off target. Note everything within 200 yards of a target was considered accurate bombing. Nice to know and worthy of another topic is the bombing of Eindhoven by the luftwaffe on the night of 18 september 1944. The night after it was liberated.
18Septemberplein?
@@rodsdmba1571 exactly! Fun history facts. There used to flow a stream there but it was piped below the surface in the 30's. It still flows underground. About 1,5 decade ago they made a large underground bicycle parking and stumbeled on the remains of one of the medieval city gates. You can still see them below ground as you park your bike!
Sorry, but cartoons just do not do it for me.
Excellent video. Please keep them coming!
Great idea. Little known operations, well presented.
I was surprised no British fighters, flew out to support their return 😢
Probably beyond the range of single seat fighters at the time.
Brilliant Video ! Just the right length. Music kept to an absolute minimum. I'm subscribing
A beautifully made film, though I wonder if the weather conditions were as bright and clear in the actualy raid ?
Today, these raids could be carried out by drones and so saving the lives of these brave men who sacrificed their today, for our tomorrow. RIP 🌹
Interesting they didn’t have any fighter cover for their withdrawal? Great video.
Might be a stupid question but why was there no fighter cover, surely the target was in range and those bombers needed all the protection they could get.
Très intéressant. Merci.
It is written a very good book on it some years ago. So I wouldn’t call it forgotten excactly
Love those Mosquitoes. 😄
That's one hell of mission for sure, good info about the target and strategy. The airfield should of been bomb. Good video
Superb production!
Why did the Dutch overstate their production run. I would have thought that it would be the other way round
I remember an old car commercial where a German mechanic says " the part you want is in Eindhoven".
Nice job of work, I was hoping to see Ventura IIs though....
The missions of 2Group need to be better known, this presentation goes someway in aiding this!
i think the way you do your videos makes you one of the best on here with history and everything. thanks again
Great
Superb graphics, nicely told.
How did you get the "long range" shots.... looking at the bombers flying in the distance from a stationary point on the ground? Did you find a German position and film it from there?
Press F11 it is activates the free camera
@@sotocinematics I know about F11, but what I was wondering is how did you get the location you chose, to push F11. Did you go to an enemy AA or vehicle, and film from there? I would love to find a way to choose a random spot on the ground and then film from that location.
@@Irish_Pirate you use w a s d keys and r and f to go up and down. You can film wherever you want :)
I would have thought spitfires with drop tanks could have escorted them…..?
They rendezvoused with the Bostons on the return trip but I omitted this due to brevity
Excellent show old boy i must say !
Reprodução perfeita de época, 👏👏👏👏🛩🛫🛬
I love your channel. Great work. 👍
Really enjoyed that! Thank you!
Amazing work….well done
Beautiful work
Great doco .
thanks again
👍👍👍
Great .-)
too many long sequences with nothin but flying... boring.
Factual but boring. No passion to captivate the audience. Bad pause control as well.
Wonder why he didn't turn by varying engine revs
@Mark Felton new material!
I bet a lot of Cloggies got killed !!
Your videos shows the British bombing in daylight hours. Not a fact. I'll keep watching anyway. I think you are trying to rewrite history. Imo A daylight raid on the Netherlands, bomber Harris didn't even want to bomb airfields before D-Day.
A simple Google search will tell you that this raid did in fact take place in the daytime.
You need to check your facts before you make rash statements mate. The RAF bombed extensively in day light but only when attacking targets such as Eindhoven were they could be given fighter escorts. These raids would often be carried out at low level. The heavy bombers did of coarse operate at night (attacking Germany in daylight without adequate fighter escort would have been suicidal as the Americans found out in the early stages of their bombing campaign. The introduction of P51 Mustangs with drop tanks as escorts did reduce American losses
Flying at 0 feet? Thats impossible my guy. Altitude is height above the ground (AGL). 0 feet would put them in the water. Even 10 feet would put them at risk for high waves hitting them.
Get a life lol.... Zero feet is a frase meaning very low.... Learn real English before you comment
@nigelsmith7366 😂🤡 yeah, okay. 😂
Fine telling. Costly unfortunately. And only out of production for 6 months....
That's roughly 10% of the war, a huge achievement.
Great video.. suxs to be a ventura , which I didn't see in the viideo :D