Why China declared War on "Everyone"
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- Опубликовано: 6 авг 2024
- This video gives a short introduction to the Boxer Uprising/Rebellion (1899-1901) that lead to declaration of war by the Chinese against the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, Russia, France , Austro-Hungary and Italy. This podcast is hosted by Justin Pyke and the guest is phd canidate Joe Foneseca, who is writing his phd on the Boxer Uprising.
You can follow them on twitter:
Follow Justin on twitter / cbi_pto_history @CBI_PTO_History
Follow Joe on twitter / joefonsecahist @JoeFonsecaHist
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Cover design by vonKickass.
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» SOURCES «
Selected Primary Sources:
Brown, Frederick. From Tientsin to Peking with the Allied Forces. London: Charles H. Kelly, 1902.
Giles, Lancelot. The Siege of the Peking Legations: A Diary by Lancelot Giles. L. R. Marchant Ed. Nedlands: University of Western Australia Press, 1970.
Hooker, Mary. Behind the Scenes in Peking: Being the Experiences During the Siege of the Legations. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. 1910; Internet Archive, 2008. archive.org/details/cu3192402....
Landor, Arnold Henry Savage. China and the Allies. London: W. Heinemann, 1901.
MacDonald, Claude A. “The Japanese Detachment During the Defense of the Peking Legations, 1900,” in Transactions and Proceedings of the Japan Society London. Henri L. Joly, Ed. Nendeln: Kraus Reprint, 1971.
Martin, William A. P. The Siege in Peking: China Against the World. London: Oliphant Anderson and Ferrier, 1900.
Steel, Richard A. Though Peking’s Sewer: Relief of the Boxer Siege, 1900-1901. George W. Carrington Ed. New York: Vantage Press, 1985.
Secondary Sources:
Bickers, Robert and R.G. Tiedemann, The Boxers, China, and the World. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2007.
Cohen, Paul. History in Three Keys: The Boxers as Event, Experience, and Myth. Columbia University Press, 1998.
Esherick, Joseph. The Origins of the Boxer Uprising. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
Hosoya, Chihiro and Ian Nish Eds. The History of Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1600-2000: Volume II: The Political-Diplomatic Dimension, 1931-2000. Ian Nish and Yoichi Kibata Eds., London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 2000.
---. The History of Anglo-Japanese Relations, 1600-2000: Volume III: The Military Dimension. Ian Gow and Yoichi Hirama Eds., London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 2000.
Silbey, David. The Boxer Rebellion and the Great Game in China. New York: Hill and Wang, 2012.
Otsuka, Umio. “Coalition Coordination during the Boxer Rebellion: How Twenty-Seven “Councils of Senior Naval Commanders” Contributed to the Conduct of Operations,” Naval War College Review: Vol. 71: No.4. (2018) digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc...
#BoxerUprising #BoxerRebellion #China
Man, Bernhard lost his accent quick
Is that an angry Ian from FW? xD
Bruh
@@deleteduser87 Don´t you have offensive to plan to?
Mr BigCookie Wouldn’t it be fun to see an angry Ian? Like see Ian and Karl bitch at each other.
"orders unclear, took peking"
nilloc93 peking ist deutsch bejing ist englisch
@@affentaktik2810 peking is actually just its old name
nilloc93 huh didnt know that
@@nilloc93 Actually old translation. Peking and Beijing are both transcriptions of the same name, but Peking is Wade-Giles and Beijing is the more modern Hanyu Pinyin
The Polandball community is pleased
Yes, very interesting
RISE POLAND BALL FANS
Country balls on this channel?
"A surprise to be sure but a welcomed one".
cringe no
@@LucidFL better than country *human*
You removed the Dragon from the flag of the Qing empire, and made the country ball ride on top of it...
Level of detail is real.
The 9th US IR has an awesome piece that was given to them by the Chinese after the rebellion, a solid silver bowl, called the “Liscum Bowl”. The regiment was named the “Manchu’s” afterwards. The bowl was used up until the units dissolution to initiate officers in command. It’s an impressive piece and worth a look, the craftsmanship is amazing.
Given to them or stolen?
Bump player 55 made for the unit by them in appreciation. It didn’t exist before the rebellion.
Ahh my bad, was curious.
The Liscum Bowl is a sterling silver punch bowl set made in 1902 from bullion retrieved during the Boxer Rebellion by the U.S. Army. The silver was presented to the 9th Infantry Regiment by order of Chinese statesman Li Hung Chang in gratitude for the Americans' assistance to the Qing dynasty. The bowl was dedicated to Colonel Emerson H. Liscum, the regiment's commander killed at the Battle of Tientsin on 13 July 1900. The punch bowl, among the largest of its kind, is described by the U.S. Army as "One of the foremost trophies of any American regiment." For many years, it was on display in the 2nd Infantry Division Museum in Korea, where it was the most valuable item in the collection, worth upwards of $5 million. In 2018, the Liscum Bowl was moved to Fort Carson, Colorado. In fact, the silver was stolen from the Chinese of the Qing Dynasty, in the same way that the US Army, stole other valuable objects of Jade and Ivory.
@@salvadorvizcarra769 "In fact, the silver was stolen from the Chinese of the Qing Dynasty" That statement doesn't make sense. Li Hung-chang was a Qing Dynasty diplomat. He presented the molten silver mass to the 9th infantry for help in securing the Tianjin (Tientsin) government mint from looting and further burning. Afterwards they made the decision to take the gifted silver molten mass to make it the Liscum Bowl.
It was not enough to undone the society. Example, after Governor of Shandong, Yuanshikai, guned down a dozen of leading Boxer members (He ask them to show case the bullet proof matrial art, which, for obvious reasons, failed) , the Boxer just get peacified in his provience.
Its a lack of will from the Qing government, not lack of ability.
Yes. Plus the fact that he was training two brand new infantry divisions there, both properly equipped and far better than any Boxer mob. The thing is that the Empress wanted to use the Boxers to further her own goals, basically she wanted the foreign powers to give back concessions in fear of the Boxers
@@podemosurss8316 Hold on....she thought a multinational force , fairly well equipped and fairly disciplined, who previously defeated the Chinese army...would retreat at the sight of unorganized mobs? How stupid was this bitch?
@@comunistubula4424 So much that most of the Chinese Army commanders signed and issued a manifesto stating that she had gone mad and they were not going to fight.
@@comunistubula4424 Stupid enough that southeast China's provinces simply refused orders from her to attack the foreigners and instead attacked the boxers.
Moar Joe! Moar Justin! Most Boxers! Seriously, this period is incredibly interesting and under appreciated. I would love to hear more on this subject an "Joe Uncaged" sounds fascinating.
Very cool Joe and Justin, I'd like to see more!
I love these style of lecture videos!!!
A little known conflict that helped shape the early 20th century in ways that really are easily missed, but are very significant. Thank you both, & An waiting for the long form video with anticipation.
That was very interresting :D
for the GTU!
Great video, thx
Hey I follow Justin on twitter! Neat!
Nice ambush by MH not V. I like it, because I am very interested in this period in China. Thanks.
I feel like Chris Pine's statement in the opening of Wonder Woman is so apt for this movement.
"You have guns right?"
Martial arts is amazing... but so is a blunderbuss.
Herbert Hoover was in Tianjin at the time, and observed that this was a popular uprising. This was an important event because: Defeat of the Qing by the foreign powers basically put a nail into the coffin of that dynasty; Russian occupation of Manchuria quickly led to conflict with Japan; traditionalists lost prestige/face, opening up opportunities for revolutionaries/modernizers to press their case(s). In the 20 years following the Boxer rebellion, the Manchu were overthrown and the KMT and Communist parties founded.
This was interesting. I'd like to hear more of this.
Look up 'opium wars'. These guys ignoring the opium trade (John Kerry's and many other old American money's source of wealth) makes this video a sick joke. The US and UK were raping China (with the help of Chinese christians) and the Chinese people fought BACK! The opiate crisis in the US now is pure delayed karma.
I cant wait to here more!
Hard to blame them, their major ports occupied under different pretences & the vast problems that opium was causing
No, that was an angry old lady feeling betrayed by her dearest grandson and heir, with his foreign power behind try to force her give up the power. She tried to raised her grandson to be an emperor suited her mind.
55 Days at Peking is a wonderful movie about the boxer rebellion.
Charlton Heston is the goddamn man.
More of these videos!
I am looking forward to Joe unleashed!
P.retty good video presentation. Little surprised no mention of Homer Lea leading anti imperial toorps into Peking with the troops from other foreign nations. Plus did the Taiping Rebellion indirectly lead to the rise of the Boxers?
very interesting
The Boxer Rebellion was the primary driving force that led to Bioshock Infinite
I am looking forward the next discussion you guys have.
please talk about the Taiping rebellion as well!
You guys should do a follow-up on the aftermath, the diplomatic and geopolitical consequences
That thumbnail made my day.
I thought China started WWIII when read the title before i notice who was it form
check out the movie "55 Days in Peking"
Awesome movie love Charlton Heston
Fun fact, Some citizens in Beijing actually welcomed the foreign armies matching in
RikoAzusa - right up until they committed atrocities against civilians
You freed us!
I wouldn't say freed....more like under new management!
@@LordDarthHarry I wouldn't call robbing the others as management though....
The Wehrmacht was greeted in Ukraine with flowers. That doesn't change the fact that a terrible occupation followed on that.
Some of the *European* citizens would welcome them alright..........
Thumbnail threw me for a loop
I've never heard it called the Boxer Uprising before, always the Boxer Rebellion
The state of the Imperial Chinese Armed Forces by that point was far below of what was needed for a military conflict, specially one of that magnitude. The First Sino-Japanese war had resulted in the loss of half the Navy and most of the best trained and equipped units China had in 1890 such as the Beiyang Jun. After the war, Marshall Ronglu took over command of its remnants and reorganised them into two infantry divisions, which, together with a cavalry division brought from Gansu, were now the core of the Wuwei Lujun. Training of two other infantry divisions under Yuan Shikai started soon un Shandong peninsula, but these two divisions didn't take part on the fighting.
The rest of Chinese military units didn't take part and adopted a policy of "not fighting unless attacked", specially after a manifesto was agreeded by their commanders stating that the Empress had gone mad and they would not follow suit
Mostly because despite modern armies, the Qing did not have a modern state.
@@JayFLee1 Indeed true. The Imperial structure was estagnated and inapropiate for the modern times.
I could not post this title because the title doesn’t suggest the bullying of Europe for China to do what it wants above all other concerns.
Oww this is great.A welcome. change.
Is the film 55 days at Peking in any way historically accurate?
While some of the beats are correct-ish, it's a very embellished, very Hollywood, and very 60's film. Not accurate really, but interesting. I still bring it up in lectures, mostly for the fun visuals. It and the accompanying theme by the Brothers 4 was very popular so it is many people's primary exposure to the conflict. I thought it was very telling that they included a Russian as the primary (non-boxer) villain and include a scene at the end where Charleton Heston literally picks up a little Chinese girl to take her away and "save" her. It's an American War movie made during the cold war and plays out as such. But it is fun, and like most classic war movies good for an evening. But don't rely on it for your history (or me either! Check out some of the secondary sources in the description)
It's made during the Cold War, when both Russia and China were enemies.
Do you THINK it'll be accurate?
It gets time period, location and name of the event correct. Everything else...not so much. :) Fun movie though.
yes, there was a british officer in a pith helmet dual-wielding revolvers taking individual shots at people
It is incomplete, but portrays accuratelly what happenned in Beijing those days, even though the characters showns are given modified names to prevent any legal issues (except for Prince Duan, who fell in disgrace due to the war, so he wasn't in a position to complain). The uniformes shown for the ICA infantry are actually older models than the ones used by 1900 (which were more similar to the western uniforms) and a lot of stuff is glossed over, specially abouth the Chinese military and why they were reluctant to that war.
55 days. Now thats a record to beat.
China in Boxer
The Boxers... Turns out trying to fist the whole world is less kinky than they imagined it being at first.
Issss thatttt braunnnnnn
Every man a Quing !
Because why not?
where is Bernhard?
Declaring war on everyone may seem stupid in hindsight, but it's hard to imagine what else the Qing government should have done at the time. Its repeated defeats and humiliating concessions to foreign powers had led it to lose domestic prestige, popular legitimacy and popular support. Then, on one side, a popular mass movement arises to fight foreign domination, a mass movement premised on Chinese traditionalism at that. On the other side are the foreign powers who have been abusing you since the First Opium War.
From a situation like that, the only way out I can see for the Qing would have been to embrace the Boxers, and go all in. Prepare for total war and for turning China into Insurgent Hell for anyone trying to occupy it, and rely on attrition to make the foreign powers eventually decide it's not worth it and bugger off. It might have been a long shot, but no longer than any other option. Instead the Qing government chickened out when Beijing fell, not realizing that the die is already cast.
You should listen to "55 tage in Peking"
It's a German song about it
Every country that fought except China had a version
It's an American movie soundtrack from the 1960s, the German version is just... the version for German audiences. There's also Japanese, Spanish, and Italian versions I believe.
Because china surely have the pre formula vaccine of COVID 19 but no country have it.
Nah, don't beat yourself up over 'rambling'. I thought it was concise and moved the story/history along nicely.
I genuinely was wondering what happened next 👍
Except that China didn't...
China would definitely declare war on you for this video
You mean you never saw the movie 55 days at Peking
So they did it again in 2020? History repeats itself.
they didn't.
the end.
Teacher: "we are going on a trip to china"
Girls: Ew, china is so boring and polluted
Boys: *BUM BUM BUM*
@dont leave its my fault no
ruclips.net/video/9rMbxmQmo94/видео.html
Polandball
Yea making this comment before watching. The answer is simpler than whatever took 25 minutes to explain: "Ha! Your feeble weapons are powerless against the Kung Fu fist!"
China?C'mon...
What is the actually purpose and reason for the foreigners go into China from the very beginning?
Forcefully opening China's markets to state backed drug trade!
silk, tea etc
@@rogerc6533 State Backed Drug Trade was done only because Qing Diplomatic and Trade Policy, coupled with complete ineptitude of the Qing to do anything at all.
@@yochaiwyss3843 I agree that the Qing was incompetent and its protectionism prevented China from undergoing something like Japan's Meiji Restoration. It really isnt any justification for selling illicit drugs to people though.
@@rogerc6533 It's not really a justification, it's simply the reason why the brits acted the way they did, and how.
The British Government set up the East Indies Company to procure all trade from the East, including China. Qing China had it's own brand of Imperialism (Mandate of Heaven) coupled with extreme protectionism meant that the company found itself bankrupting the state's reserve of silver (the only commodity that the Qing government agreed to trade with), so it found the one commodity which the Chinese did want, albeit not legally - Opium.
Based qing empire
The Qing EMpire was not a Han Empire.
(China exists)
European powers Japan and America: hippity hoppoty your nation is now our property.
Tibet? Remind me who invaded that please. How about, " We don't believe in karma, so screw your Llamas, don't make a fuss, you now belong to us". China is as much an aggressive imperial power as any of the European nations, or Japan or the USA. To pretend otherwise is hypocritical and dishonest.
@Golden Eagle lmao
@Golden Eagle still liberating them? 60 years after the fall of the british empire
@@Biggus63 dude its not a contest for who is the biggest dick. both situation were fucked up, one does not make up for the other
@Golden Eagle ok you're a troll, i see. Guess ethnic replacement is just part of the deal of being liberated from a nation 12000 km away with no military power in the region
Qing Empire, not China
It was also called China back in the days.
How China declared war on every nation: Coronavirus
My takeaway: Kung Fu is inferior to Western boxing. 😊
Honestly I didn't check all the flag balls and initially assumed this was talking about the Korean War. So China is 0-1-1 against the world, whose up for round 3?
I thought this was about modern China and today's geopolitics, lmfao.
It’s related to why China is behaving the way they are today, that century and the one led to it make it hard for China to trust western powers.
@@Lancemoolied
China is communist now, if they never went communist they wouldn't have any issues. Look at South vs North Korea, for a good example as to this.
Bose-Einstein British Empire is no longer there but I still got those islands out there though. Same as France.Germany is no longer at Empire, should I break down to the tiny states like before? Form of government doesn’t have much to do with the land it controls.
Bose-Einstein also if you know of the Korean War you know the Koreans didn’t decide to be separated from one another it was the Americans and the Soviets. west and east Germany unify. Plus China is not really communist anyway. You think they got rich by being communists?
@@Lancemoolied
That's the point. It's two kinds of environments. One where they were propped up by a communist, authoritarian government, and one that was propped up by capitalist, democratic government. Guess which one has better living conditions for their people?
Muhammad Ali would've out box them all.
Fonseca keeps talking about China fighting imperialism, while ignoring that *China* itself was an empire.
RonJohn63 At this point it was so in name only
@@peternickle1884 that's not the point.
By imperialism I assume he meant colonial imperialism. China was a single unified country and a weak one at the time, not a powerful motherland with colonies, so really an empire in name only. It's understandable why he says that.
Empire and Imperialism are not the same thing. ALL major nations were *Empires*, ALL major nations absorbed lands/people from their neighbors and turned it into their own.
Only European IMPERIALISM ever expanded to far-flung parts of the world where they colonized entirely different people and reduce them to 2nd class citizens.
Empires absorb. Imperialists enslave. That's the difference.
@@day2148 You're conflating imperialism with colonialism.
We want panzers or WE riot!
Ahh yes a army of Muhammed ali’s
We are still suffering from the atrocities done by colonialism.
There was never anything great about Britain.
Flawed attempt at humour: look up the meaning of Great Britain. Flawed logic: China was not colonised (except maybe by the Japanese in the 1930s.) China (the government, not individuals) is responsible for the coronavirus pandemic.
CheckoutNow _
What a totally idiotic comment. Where on earth were you educated???
@@Shelmerdine745 Oh I see, your comment was so sober and well-sourced I suppose? Great Britain is named because it is bigger than little Britain (Brittany). So yes it is! Please specify how you are suffering from colonialism's atrocities.
CheckoutNow _
What are you talking about? I said there was never anything great about Britain. I obviously was not talking about it’s size, go figure.
For the atrocities and the lasting negative impact, maybe sign up for a course in history.
Don't just make controversial comments and then refuse to give real examples. Telling people to "sign up for a course in history" shows that you are just making up stuff and shoving your biased opinion.
Tldr; bad guys win
"Bad guys?" They're both bad guys. History is more complicated than good versus evil.
@Joakim von Anka Cults murdering people whose only fault is converting to other religion? It's exactly the definition of "good guys"...
more like: power brokers break into open war, kill many civilians. Boxers killed civilians, the imperial forces killed civilians, it was one atrocity on top of another leading to permanent hidden and open hostility between china and "the west."
@Joakim von Anka Are Balochistan rebels who are killing Chinese workers in Pakistan good guys?
@Joakim von Anka I don’t care about that particular subject either so no extensive sources from me. I’m just drawing the parallel. Group targeting Chinese investments there, claiming that foreign investments don’t benefit locals. They also get slap down by foreign powers ruling over their land. They also trying to destroy infrastructure built by them.
I just want to know if according to you is this behavior always OK, if it’s against big foreign power. Or what exactly are the rules? Is foreign power always the bad guy and the traditionalists who are against foreign influence are always right?