Taupō supervolcano and caldera - Ōruanui eruption, 25,500 years ago
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- Опубликовано: 11 апр 2021
- Our biggest volcano isn’t a cone, it’s a lake, formed about 25,500 years ago in the massive Ōruanui eruption shown in this video. The volcano spat out so much magma that the ground collapsed kilometres downward.
That huge hole - a caldera - now contains Lake Taupō.
The Pacific Plate plunges beneath the eastern North Island, 4cm every year. Pressure builds. Rock melts. Hot magma rises and feeds a long chain of volcanoes.
The Earth’s crust is unusually thin in the Taupō Volcanic Zone. Magma gets close to the surface - and sometimes breaks through. Every now and then, huge eruptions leave giant holes in the landscape.
A huge eruption here spat out so much magma that the ground collapsed kilometres downward and left a caldera - a gigantic collapsed block of land - in its wake.
Water filled the hole, and Lake Taupō was formed.
The volume of erupted material was 8-9 times the volume of water in Lake Taupō today.
Volcanic material filled the air. Most fell on the North Island, but some landed as far away as the Chatham Islands.
How much ash fell?
Ahuriri | Napier 2m
Tūranga-nui-a-Kiwa | Gisborne 1.2m
Whakatāne 1m
Te Papaioea | Palmerston North 50cm
Tauranga 40cm
Pōneke | Wellington 20cm
Rēkohu/Wharekauri | Chatham Islands 18cm
Ngāmotu | New Plymouth 15cm
Still active - After an eruption in the central North Island, volcanic ash could cover the entire island and beyond.
Since Ōruanui, there’ve been 28 smaller eruptions of Taupō. No super eruption will happen in your lifetime - the magma takes too long to build.
Thanks to monitoring by GNS Science, we can expect some warning before the next one.
Taupō is a global star - the world’s most active supervolcano. It’s studied by scientists everywhere.
Credit:
Reference landscape image courtesy of LINZ. CC BY 4.0, Rūaumoko illustration by Ben Te Aika
Read more about the Taupō caldera on our website: tepapa.nz/caldera
props to the camera man for going back in time to record these
Don't forgot to thank the Astronauts who swam to Space to record as well!
Wish they had turned their phone sideways though
Thanks
I knew time travel was a thing. My mates said "Naaa, no more beersies for you" but I told them I read it on the internet and Donald Trump has secret documents (or the FBI now) but now this really proves it. And it's on youtube, how much more evidence do they need. I need to go back and give myself the lotto numbers and the winner of the trifecta at Ellerslie.
@melonbobful And his still alive after 27,000 years
I like at 3:22 how the ash cloud gets to Australia and then goes "euw, gross" and runs away
Australia is a great place very old country
I wish the rest of the NZ'ders that swarmed over here would do the same.
Hahah
LOL
Kangoroo jab and punch everything
Crazy. Each of the big eruptions before the VEI8 were huge, but it just gives you an idea of how much more powerful a VEI8 eruption actually is.
Who ever did this...legend
I don’t know how many times I’ve watched this now. It’s incredible how Taupo was actually formed (the lake) and where all the volcanoes under the lake are. I always was intrigued to know because I could never see how the lake itself (well, under the lake) was the volcano itself
Agree lol it freaks me sometimes swimming in those hotspots
@@uapnz0698same
The thing is it could still erupt again
I was pretty mind blown and still am, when I learned (from a visit at Te Papa) that lake taupo is a volcano, after swimming in it just two weeks earlier 😅
Keep up the amazing work you do! I hope to visit New Zealand again some time and also your museum 🥰
No wonder it’s hot when you dig your toes in the bottom of the lake near the shore!
@@StaringCompetition oh, i missed that :/
but got my fair share of volcanic heat in the hot springs near taupo :)
Living in New Zealand is so nice 🥰
The fun thing is Mount Taranaki can erupt any second
@@StaringCompetition it was just flat ground with just bush back in the mid 16th hundreds now it's one hell of a lake but very beautiful and dangerous
I've only just learned this year that it is I'm 33 and I can't believe I never knew that lol my grandma is from turangi and Taupo 🤦♀️
excellent more NZ geology like this please
Tjsosthno
Damn this deserves more views
Story: thousands of years before the super eruption, 27 minor eruptions and 3 major took place. After those, The super eruption itself started after a major eruption then multiple eruptions occurred. Eventually a caldera formed. Then the eruption stopped and the lake formed.
It’s the last cataclysmic event for a bit
I don't know how that guy kept that camera steady, impressive work
What an incredible video. I feel quite sad seeing the end slide where it goes from that beautiful untouched green landscape to our modern world 🌎
Wow! I really apreciate that you upload this animation. I have watched several times at the museum and still amaze me. Thank you all!
Nice job on the cgi Taupo Super volcano rendition guys! Went to Te Papa Museum and gosh my mind was blown!
I like the way it ends with a sunset, as we don’t know what tomorrow will bring.
Kabooom! indeed, otherwise known as a Phreatic eruption.
@@parajacks4 Close. Phreato-magmatic as he stated the water mixing in with the lava, not simply getting affected by it.
Some random bus driver once yelled "Volcanoes are just big pimples!" And it ruined the day of atleast 20 people. You can't unsee it ever again.
2:11
Taupo Supervolcano Eruption
1st minor eruption at 1:10
2nd minor eruption at 1:44
Then the massive eruption at 2:11.
Adding to the intrigue the big eruption actually consisted of 10 phases spread over the span of months, no other supervolcano has shown this behavior, but because there's so few of them, we can't even be certain if it's anomalous, rare, unique to Taupo or just one of a variety of possible eruption types for gigantic calderas.
@@J.G.H. yeah but I’m just saying that they were probably the eruptions connecting to it
@@J.G.H. also I was just highlighting the ash clouds I could see in it.
@@J.G.H. Taupo is unique with how many vents there are that can produce separate eruptions from the giant magma chamber
@@filledwithvariousknowledge2747 yeah, it is
Modern NZers. "This looks nice a nice place to build a town, it has such large and beautiful lake!"
lol
Impressive !!
That's a compelling depiction! I've heard that the bulk of the ash and pumice trail can be deduced by the absence of freshwater crayfish in the streams east of Taupo. Anyone else concur with this?
Great job!❤️ Thank you!
Got to love this. Brilliant
very good presentation, very clear and informative.
So nice being able to watch this without heaps of people standing in front of me 😅
I've seen a simulated super eruption Vei 7 or> for the very first time on RUclips😅😱 thanks for the graphics,the video and all the outstanding work !.
This is a masterpiece 👏
For learning spectacular
Loved your understanding of Volcanism.
Awsome video, very educational, bravo!
Earthquake in Taupo yesterday or something but had vivid dream several months ago driving around the lake for some reason and it deciding to erupt exactly like this but mud brown explosions going off everywhere
Awesome visual tool!
Thank you.
Awesome animation 👍
Cool concept!
Only here cause taupo had a 5.6 quake lastnight.the Supervolcano is awake
Watching the video a second time and just see how big the lake was before the eruption, makes you wonder how big the lake was or was it part of the coastline?
love this thank you
So awsum man... talented asf how u guys put this together... 25 thousand plus yearz of geographic history of Taupo region in 5 minutes... & i'm guessing the last eruption in video correct me if i'm wrong is Mt Tarawera?... i've always 6een intrigued 6y Mother Nature her 6eauty... her power... She demands respect... We 6elong to her... not She 6elongs to us... awsum work.
Ka pai te papa, looks awesome
Cool graphics! 👍🇳🇿
Is that mountain in the background Mt Tauhara? I lived in Taupo for 6 years, beautiful place, lovely lake to swim in especially if you find a thermal spot. But I’m glad I’m a little further away now that it’s stirring again.
its not specified but i am mostly sure its tongariro
really interesting and fascinating
oh my god it's amazing
HOW BEAUTIFUL ❤️
That's one of the most terrifying videos I've ever seen. Bravo to the production team. But...😳
Why don't we do the same simulation with Toba and Yellowstone eruptions? I know it is a lot of work, but don't it would have to be a funny thing to see to understand how that it made. If it's already done, could you send me a link?
Amazing!!! Thank you ... So basically Taupo is sitting on borrowed time
This is the sort of thing that should be taught in nz schools. The various volcanoes, fault lines, New Zealand's geographic history.
Too busy forcing kids to learn maori culture that the majority of them will never use in their life.
@@user-oh4yd5uh4e exactly. My wife is niuean maori, our three children are well mixed. It should be my wifes choice if she wants to teach our kids maori, NOT the education system. IF they want to teach about maori then they should teach where maori came from, their land wars, what they did after they landed in New Zealand.
more thing like that :) so cool :)
interessante , bem legal
where is the mountain?
Nice.
Nice now do the lake rotorua
I wonder if this actually how all super eruptions happened with other volcanoes or if this just because Taupo has many vents that can produce separate eruptions from the main giant magma chamber
I think it depends on the size and location of the magma chamber. I would imagine Yellowstone would be similar to Taupo, as it also has a similar structure.
@@madnatty Yellowstone is driven by a mantle plume..Taupos volcanism driven by a subduction zone to the east (Hikurangi). Very different mechanisms driving the volcanism.
Blocks of crust suddenly dropping downward and then rebounding would certainly cause some gigantic earthquakes too.
how did you know what the place looked like before the super eruption?
Around Taupo is not just the lake itself. 20 kms around the lake itself, the land sharply rises into a series of very steep ridges. I know, because the national highway goes through those steep ridges.
Those ridges mark the base of the volcano, and soil and rocks on those ridges are dated to the very moment of that massive eruption. .
Klassz animáció ! Honnan lehet tudni,hogy ez 25 ezer éve történt ? A Természet dolgozik....🌎🚊🌏🔥🔥🔥🔥🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋🌋
Завораживает капец.
Понимаешь, что, если, то же, йелоустоун жанхит, то плохо будет всем.
Эпичненько)
Nyobzoo tuajsaibkoj 👍👍👍
My son lives just 50 meters from the outlet of lake taupo, he is now an ambulance officer/medic and also a volunteer fireman , when i asked him about recent activity, he said : its like this dad, it will die down or if it blows we wont be able to tell you about it anyway
Can someone pls do this but with toba or Yellowstone?
Unusually good ash cloud forming. Like tower cumulus. It is difficult make that look real. Here very realistic 🤩, like live video
Way to go New Zealand!
I take it that's supposed to be Ruapehu/Tongariro erupting at the beginning
I assume so and it is a bit spooky to see it again at the end when the cycle can begin again.
Why would you make this in portrait format?
Ayo, where was this video for level 2 Geography
Should've put the Hatepe eruption in there at the end. Thing was nearly as massive.
Not even close...
Massive miss! I live an hour west of Taupo. How could they forget that eruption 232 AD I think it was. Blew all the forest over, we have charred limbs from trees buried under the pumice here. I cant believe they left it out. There is a buried forest in Pureora Forest, the western side of Mt Pureora. So it came over the top of Mt Titiraupenga and Pureora and still blew over and charred and buried the whole forest. The great Pouakani Totara tree started life after that eruption. She is over 1800 years old.
Wrong
I wonder if there was taunami then? How far did it impact?
the lake didn't exist when it erupted, the eruption caused the lake to form
@@PixelTrain1 From what I understand the old lake was breached, and much of the contents from it emptied out through the Waikato. And it made a huge mess on the way through.
It reached the U.N ! Ash was all over the world.
Tsunamis are caused by upshifts in land mass under the sea not so much from volcanic eruptions.
Anyone else notice the Taniwha sleeping in the lave down in the bottom right hand corner?
Its not a taniwha its ruaumoko the maori god of volcanoes
Wow!
Too much wind in NZ for that to go straight up.
Taupo last went off 186 AD , I read somewhere that the Chinese recorded it .
If that ever happens again, then every resident of Taupo is history. Ditto Turangi and all surrounding areas.
There’s been thousands of earthquakes in the last few weeks and huge 5.6 yesterday. The lake level has been raised to 1. Could happen any time and I live 2 mins from the lake
If the VEI8 size happens again, make that pretty much most if the North Island. That reminds me, must update my passport….
@@madnatty Almost all of the North Island would be toast. The Problem is the steam of the lakes' water. Steam has 1000 time the volume of water. Where does it go? Not down. And not up (because there are some cubic kilometres of rock up there, most of it trying to fall down again. The only way is sideways. So a donut of hot steam, mixed with falling debris is expanding from the eruption site with hypersonic speed like giant sandpaper across the landscape. I wouldn't even want to be in Auckland at that time.
@@paulrandig I agree with the steam doughy but I don't think it will be lethal to that distance. I would say an 80km radius is over but also land heave and new vents will open briefly before the bang to give some warning. But then again mum nature will do what mum nature does
Lol I live in Taupo and the lake is Beautiful the deepest point is like 139 metres
Wow
The most violent eruption
Wow that's how it happened 👌 👏
Pls do Yellowstone
this video is done by the museum of nz, they wont
That Black smoke coming Towards the Camera is like seeing Death coming towards you. Damn Scary as Hell!
Try to make Toba supervolcano too
This is a New Zealand Museum
Literally taupo making the next volcano extinction after toba in the prehistory. Taupo and Toba making humanity year is nightmare. Lucky they survived. But can they survived la garita eruption?
You forgot about Aira caldera in Japan that is also a supervolcano, and it erupted about 22k years ago.
Hey, why Sun goes from left to right?
It is facing south.
Love jt
Spettacolare...da brivido. 🤔
We're gonna need more pine trees...
@2:12 that one was an absolute monster
Dang they had good technology 25000 years back
They had really good cameras in those days, duh.
She’s waking up. Lots of significant earthquakes and tremors under this lake present
She's already awake and the earthquakes have been happening since I was here as a young boy. My mother was knocked over in the hallway one day while I was watching tv!
yeah that scary as fuck considering I live about 40 kms from lake Taupo
Whose here because of the earthquake at Taupo today.
Me after having spicy street food, the blast can be heard from a floor above.
Holy shit!
I knew this in high school in the 70s
Australia just blows the cloud away.
👍👍👍👍👍
heating up again
Super scarey hope it’s not happening now
True a balloon don 't high than this
Where is the ~186AD eruption?
"The ~186 A.D. eruption of Taupo in New Zealand has been considered one of the largest eruptions during the last 10,000 years. It produced over 50 cubic kilometers of volcanic ash and debris (tephra) and pyroclastic flows that destroyed over 20,000 square kilometers of the North Island of New Zealand. Studies that examined the thickness of ash deposits from the eruption estimated that this eruption created an ash plume that reached over 50 kilometres -- that would be the tallest ash plume of the Holocene, by far."
Yes true , and it's said the Chinese recorded it .
The eruption that changed the course of the Waikato River from its original route via the Hinuera Gap to the Firth of Thames.
i see the Beast is awakening
It's just a matter of when. I'd say a very similar redo of this vid.
Osshh thats mean