A (fairly) complete list of logical fallacies in 20 minutes - master list - philosophy

Поделиться
HTML-код
  • Опубликовано: 16 ноя 2024

Комментарии • 55

  • @PhilosophyMT
    @PhilosophyMT  3 года назад +6

    Content:
    00:00 Introduction
    00:13 Accident Fallacy, Destroying The Exception, Dicto Simpliciter, Spoken Simply, Sweeping Generalisation
    00:38 Resort to Anger
    00:54 Ad Populum, Appeal to Belief, Appeal to Common Belief, Appeal to Majority, Appeal to Popularity, Bandwagon, Value of Community
    01:18 Appeal to Novelty
    01:33 Begging the Question, Chicken and Egg Argument, Circular Definition, Circular Reasoning
    01:58 Complex Question, Double Blind, False Question, Loaded Question
    02:20 Fallacy of Composition, Faulty Induction, Hasty Generalisation, Hasty Induction, Leaping to Conclusion, Statistical Generalisation
    02:46 Fallacy of Division, Faulty Deduction
    03:09 Converse Accident, Exception Fallacy, Inductive Generalisation, Insufficient Sample, Insufficient Statistics, Lonely Fact, Leaping to Conclusion, Stereotype
    03:34 Bifurcation, Black And White Thinking, Either/Or, Excluded Middle, False Dichotomy, False Dilemma, Polarisation
    04:04 Arguing from Succession Alone, Assumed Causation, False Cause, Faulty Causation, Post Hoc, Questionable Cause
    04:35 False Effect, Non Causa Pro Causa
    04:58 Illicit Major
    05:18 Illicit Minor
    05:39 Insignificant Cause, Insufficient Cause
    06:00 Misleading Vividness, Anecdotal Fallacy
    06:25 Slippery Slope, Absurd Extrapolation, Butterfly Effect
    06:49 Undistributed Middle
    07:08 Biased Sample, Fallacy of Exclusion, Unrepresentative Sample
    07:29 Ecological Fallacy, Ecological Inference Fallacy, Population Fallacy
    07:54 Wishful Thinking, Appeal to Belief, Appeal to Consequences of a Belief
    08:14 Appeal To Probability, Appeal To Possibility
    08:35 Affirming a Disjunct, Alternative Disjunct, False Exclusionary Disjunct
    09:08 Affirming the Consequent, Converse Fallacy, Confusion of Necessity and Sufficiency
    09:26 Denying the Antecedent, Inverse Fallacy, Inverse Error
    09:49 Existential Fallacy, Existential Instantiation
    10:10 Accent Fallacy, Emphasis Fallacy
    11:04 Amphiboly, Amphibology
    11:21 Appeal to Inappropriate Authority, Ad Verecundiam
    11:44 Proof by Assertion, Alleged Certainty
    11:59 Appeal to Common Practice
    12:15 Appeal to Emotion
    12:31 Appeal to Fear, Consequences, In Terrorem, Scare Tactics
    12:53 Appeal to Force, Appeal to Violence, Ad Baculum
    13:15 Appeal to Flattery
    13:27 Appeal to Ignorance, Argument from Ignorance, Ad Ignorantiam, Burden of Proof
    13:55 Appeal to Pity, Appeal to Sympathy
    14:13 Appeal to Ridicule, Appeal to Mockery, Horse Laugh Fallacy, Ad Ridiculum
    14:39 Appeal to Spite, Argumentum ad Odium
    14:57 Appeal to Tradition, Ad Antiquitatem
    15:13 Appeal to Trust
    15:32 Against the Person, Ad Hominem
    15:51 Cancelling Hypothesis, Conspiracy Theory
    16:10 Equivocation, Semantic Equivocation, Fallacy of Four Terms
    16:36 False Analogy, False Metaphor, Weak Analogy
    17:02 Argument from Middle Ground, Argument from Moderation, False Compromise, False Equivalence, Golden Mean Fallacy, Splitting the Difference
    17:26 Gambler’s Fallacy, Monte Carlo, Maturity of Chances
    17:48 Ad Nauseam, Argument by Repetition, Argument from Nagging
    18:12 -- BLINK BLINK INTERMISSION --
    18:18 Secundum Quid, Ignoring Qualifications, Misuse of a Principle, In a Certain Respect and Simply
    18:50 Many Questions Fallacy
    19:14 Ignorance of Refutation, Ignoratio Elenchi, Irrelevant Conclusion, Missing the Point
    19:39 Inconsistency
    19:50 Personal Inconsistency, Tu Quo Que, You Too Fallacy
    20:13 Discrediting, Poisoning the Well
    20:33 Red Herring
    21:10 Negation Introduction, Reductio ad Absurdum, Reduction to Absurdity
    21.31 Concretism, Hypostatisation, Misplaced Concreteness, Reification
    22:00 Social Conformity
    22:20 Straw Man
    22:38 Style Over Substance
    23:00 The Fallacy Fallacy, Bad Reasons Fallacy, Argument to Logic

    • @pragmaticcrystal
      @pragmaticcrystal Год назад

      Amazing …This knowledge is like gold in todays zeitgeist. Thank you for your important work.

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  5 месяцев назад

      Thank you! 🙏

  • @santosh99samuel
    @santosh99samuel Год назад

    Exaustive list, brilliant examples! Thank you❤️

  • @ShubhamYadav-uc2mp
    @ShubhamYadav-uc2mp 2 года назад +1

    Make more of these Videos. I love them :)

  • @BlessedOne686
    @BlessedOne686 Год назад

    Thank you for putting this together

  • @zawoonyein802
    @zawoonyein802 Год назад

    Really wonderful and precise lecture. Thanks a lot.

  • @two2truths
    @two2truths 2 года назад

    I LOVE this list and video! Saved to my fave videos! Thank you!

  • @Biabia-e5n
    @Biabia-e5n 8 месяцев назад

    Fallacy of the video: there's more fallacies that exist than this❤😂🎉 and we NEED need more from u. PLEASE

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  8 месяцев назад

      It is a FAIRLY, not absolutely, complete list 😜

    • @Biabia-e5n
      @Biabia-e5n 8 месяцев назад

      DANG 😢😂 more please!wow

  • @robertdeland3390
    @robertdeland3390 Год назад +1

    How do you desctibe the "not a true scottsman" fallacy?

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  Год назад +1

      00:13 It's a form of sweeping generalisation, or destroying the exception. The interlocutor attempts to dismiss variation and richness in a group by denying that people s/he perceives as lacking certain traits can also be members of that group. (No true Scotsman puts sugar in his porridge.) It can also be seen as confusion between necessary and contingent traits. Whether all Scotsmen like their porridge sugared is arguably a contingent statement: it may be true, but it can equally be false, whereas a combination of things like ancestry, residency, and cultural affinity may be more strongly argued to be necessary traits to be considered a true Scotsman.

    • @robertdeland3390
      @robertdeland3390 Год назад

      @@PhilosophyMT thank you.

  • @knowledgewisdomunderstandi3423
    @knowledgewisdomunderstandi3423 3 года назад

    Wow this is awesome. Thank you so much for this video sir

  • @maxamadamiin
    @maxamadamiin 3 года назад

    This is pure gold. I appreciate man.

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  3 года назад

      You’re welcome 😉

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  2 года назад

      @@babysharktv4562
      3, Identify the fallacy: "Hospitals are dangerous places. Many people who visit them die in them".
      *18:18** Secundum quid*
      4, Identify the fallacy: " So the U.S says that all nations should respect human rights? What about the American Abu Graib prison scandal?".
      *19:50** Tu quo que*
      5, Identify the fallacy: "Atoms have free will, because humans have free will, and they are made of atoms".
      *02:46** Fallacy of division*
      6, Identity the fallacy: "Look at the evil religions have done through the world's history. Since we ban things that are evil, obviously religions should be banned."
      *00:12** Sweeping generalisation*
      7, Identify the fallacy: "Down with subsidised medical care! It is just what the Soviet communist states used to have."
      *20:13** Poisoning the well*
      8, Identify the fallacy: "We should not condemn aggression towards weaker people because it is a natural instinct of all animals, including humans.
      *Naturalistic fallacy / is-ought problem*

  • @nonongs.revealertv
    @nonongs.revealertv 4 месяца назад

    Thank you very much

  • @Biabia-e5n
    @Biabia-e5n 8 месяцев назад

    Bell reminds me of movie ole' boy the original Asian version that movie BLEW my mind!

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  7 месяцев назад

      I’m not familiar with it but I will watch it! Thanks!

  • @jcjas886
    @jcjas886 2 года назад +1

    Very nice video, thank you. There are a few bad examples though I thought - at 6:09 "immigrants brings diseases etc.." you need to say 'all immigrants.. ' or 'most immigrants' for it to be a fallacy because obviously there are some immigrant criminals etc. what percentage of immigrants need to be criminals before that stops being a fallacy? In your example I guess 100%
    Also at 16:09 'harmful vaccines are how pharmaceutical companies get rich'. The wording at the start is ambiguous. Harmful vaccines could be read as 'vaccines that have proven to be harmful'. If it said, 'vaccines that have proven to be harmful has made them rich' it wouldn't be a fallacy. Perhaps it should be 'intentionally harmful vaccines is how they get rich'
    Also at 19:40 'I'm not a racist but these immigrants are a plague'. If racism is 'prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one’s own race is superior' then one may not be racist but also see that mass immigration is causing problems, or immigrants could be considered the downfall of an area or country or as a plague if you will. One can like locusts but consider a plague of them undesirable.
    This rest of this video though I think is great. Could someone please correct me if I am wrong about the bad examples.

  • @alix5902
    @alix5902 2 года назад

    Oh my god thanks

  • @SlaveToLogic
    @SlaveToLogic Год назад

    thank you for the god example. some people are too scared to say it

  • @duzzitmatter8679
    @duzzitmatter8679 Год назад

    This one stings a bit…😢 11:55

  • @gabehcuodsuoitneterp203
    @gabehcuodsuoitneterp203 2 года назад +4

    Whose synthetic voice is this? Can’t you at least get a voice actor. The subject deserves it.

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  2 года назад +3

      Thanks for watching and for the feedback! This channel runs on pennies and good will. You can help us get voice actors by donating a coffee:
      www.buymeacoffee.com/philosophymt
      Thanks!

  • @michelangelope830
    @michelangelope830 Год назад

    I know how to end religion with the truth, that would end atheism. I was religious in my early years to become atheist and finally i understand that God is all eternal and infinite reality. Atheism is a logical fallacy or error of reasoning that assumes God is sky daddy or the imaginary friend with a terrible temper living in the sky that do religious miracles interfering with reality for prayers and concludes wrongly that the creator of the creation doesn’t exist because it is impossible that sky daddy exists. I need the fallacy of atheism to be understood because potentially infinite lives would be saved with my knowledge. An example of the innumerable examples of the fallacy of atheism is the statement "God has an unalterable and perfect plan for every person, but you should still pray in a vain attempt to change it." attributed to David G. Mcafee. How atheists know God has an unalterable and perfect plan? What are the evidences that the creator of the creation has an unalterable and perfect plan? Religious people have told atheists who is God and atheists have believed them to conclude wrongly the creator of the creation doesn’t exist. To not be fallacious the statement should be "The religious concept of God has an unalterable and perfect plan for every person, but you should still pray in a vain attempt to change it.". To determine if something exists or not first we must know what is that something. Atheists believe God is who he is not and don't believe God exists, and they are wrong because they believe. An analogy would be that humanity believed horses have a horn on the head and do magic and atheists didn't believe horses exist and religious people believed in unicorns. Atheists don't see horses because they are looking for unicorns and religious people believe in unicorns because horses exist because nothing can be created from nothing. The evidence that God exists is the creation and is everywhere always because God is everything that ever existed, exist and would exist. The bible is only proof that Jesus Christ doesn't exist, like the Qurʾan is only proof that Allah doesn't exist, but to conclude God doesn’t exist atheism would have to provide arguments to refute the arguments for the existence of the creator of the creation. Humanity have misunderstood the nature of God personifying a metaphysical entity with disastrous consequences. Atheism can only conclude rationally that the religious concept of God doesn’t exist. Reality is what it is and when we die what is going to happen or not happen is regardless of our beliefs. Is it possible to be wrong? Is it possible to believe it is impossible to be wrong believing? Atheists believe it is impossible to be wrong because it is impossible that sky daddy exists and religious people should be cautious considering that the bible is nonsensical to religious people and atheists alike, except for christians that defend an idea that contradicts reality with faith and without arguments. "God" is the name in english that the creator of the creation has been given. God is by definition the creator of the creation. To ask to demostrate that the creator of the creation is God is like asking to demostrate that sweet food are desserts. When atheists ask to demostrate that the creator of the creation is God or to prove God's existence what they have in their mind is the erroneous idea of God as sky daddy. Atheists believe and try others to believe that the idea of God is a dogma of faith that belongs to religion, and that's why they compare fallaciously God with mythological creatures like unicorns and fictional characters. The idea of God is universal, like mathematics, because is obtained by reason and there has never been a society without it. If human life was discovered in any number of planets in all of them they would have in their culture the idea of God and in none of them they would know cristianity, islam or any other religion that dishonest humanity have made up in their own image and likeness to control scared and hopeful believers with the threat of eternal hell and the empty promise of eternal happiness, because there is not life without death and happiness without unhappiness. Likewise they would not know what are unicorns or fictional characters like Spiderman, but they could know the number pi. The difference between a lie and a mistake is that the mistake is rectified because is not done in bad faith. God is necessary for existence and if God didn’t exist atheists would not exist because nothing would exist. Could reality exist being everything created?

  • @dannovak3886
    @dannovak3886 2 года назад

    Man this guy talks fast

  • @jasonkinzie8835
    @jasonkinzie8835 Год назад

    But Keith Richards probably will last billions of years.

    • @PhilosophyMT
      @PhilosophyMT  Год назад +1

      Long live Keith Richards! 👑 🎸

  • @rockroll6715
    @rockroll6715 3 месяца назад

    sounds like a really bad Monty Python movie even if it is informative.