How the Atomic Race Was Won
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- Опубликовано: 16 окт 2024
- brilliant.org/...
It wasn't just the United States that made an atomic bomb in WW2. Five countries had active nuclear programs but the pressure of war, resources and leadership would ultimately determine the winner, this is the story of how the atomic race was won.
This video is sponsored by Brilliant.org : brilliant.org/...
Presented by
Paul Shillito
Written & Researched
By Paul Shillito
Images and Footage
US DOD, Atomic Heritage, Larence Livermoore Lab, US AEC
Ahh yes, spot the mistake time... I said that for every 1kg of Uranium 238 there is 0.7g of Uranium 235, I should have said 0.7% which is as pointed out by some of our viewers is 7g. oopps :-) that was a brain fart when working percentage of a kilo which is a 1000g and not 100.
Also, the German flags which people have pointed out is a moot subject with the swastika being banned in Germany its likely that it would block the video from being shown there. The modern flag is out of context I know and in the thumbnail, I used the red flag/white circle with the cross instead of the swastika which was used on vehicles in the latter part of the war but is not that well known. The Japanese imperial war flag, on the other hand, has no such issues. That and "Dueterium", I blame photoshop for not having a spell checker for my bad English :-)
Another mistake at 3:14, Szilárd is pronounced SEA-lard not SLI-zard.
@@highly_developed_bs_detect230 I do not know much about political relations between Israel and Palastine politics but I do know that is just propaganda. Im guessing they do heavy censorship
Very good and interesting explanation. Congratulation.
Severino P. Carollo Filho
Out by a factor... never mind!
And if you used the rising sun flag for japan, isn't the correct flag for Germany be the one with the swastika?
The "10% of total US power production" figure is absolutely mind blowing.
Why do you think the grand coulee dam and hanford washington were created..That was the entire point of that part of the manhattan project.
And if we hadn't built the dams in the 30's, we wouldn't have had that energy available and, we could have lost the war. Aluminum smelting takes serious power. Aluminum was needed for aircraft production.
At that point I paused the video to digest what I've just heard. Even with that epic error-spotting thread this is a very well-made and informative episode.
Public works such as the the TVA created excess and then unneeded energy which could be tapped into without disrupting the economy.
@@Scootermagoo the Hoover dam was built years before wasn't it?
We won because our German scientists were better than their German scientists.
Yeah, haha very spot on
Quoting The right stuff, I approve!
Nah the talents at the top of the German government thought it was a good idea to educate people, chase them away straight in the arms of the enemy when they got a bit too good at being educated or just send them to the front to die for the country as that is a very noble and responsible thing to do.
@@georgebishop4941 Austrians still technically Germans. But Oppenheimer was German and so was Hans Bethe, Peierls, Fuchs and James Franck. Nuclear fission was discovered by Germans too. So without the Germans, I doubt it we could've made the bomb in just few years.
@@amutah8063 I suppose from '38 to '45 Austrians were technically Germans but apart from that they're not.
This is one of the best channels on RUclips. Love your videos!!
exactly my thoughts
here here , this man should be on national television with his documentaries
Try Captain Disillusion if you haven’t, it’s a great rabbit hole to fall into. I am very glad to find Curious Droid to learn about this stuff.
Completely agree
Just a suggestion, a video about the different types of nuclear bombs and how they differ from each other and which ones have been tested and which ones exist now
@Wroger Wroger what's the vq
The Virtual Scotsman well a quick google search tells me... nothing, but I think it’s something to do with Fat man and little boy (Hiroshima and Nagasaki)
If you go to Scott Manleys channel he has a playlist "going nuclear" that goes into great depth looking at the development of nuclear bombs. Might be something you'd be interested in.
@@skabbigkossa , Thanks for that m8.
Theoretical new types of nuclear bombs that do not require a fission primary is also a good topic for a video.
Literally every other nation:
"This is really complex, i dont know if its gonna work, or even possible."
Stalin:
"You have 5 years."
5 years or the gulag
“Harness the power of the sun, or die trying”
6:36 No credit to Lise Meitner? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lise_Meitner
Also, wasn't it the letter signed by Einstien that prompted FDR to begin the Manhattan Project? Not the British research as suggested in this video?
Bravo. I came here to make that very point.
I'm finally relaxed after injecting to my brain my dosis of Curious Droid.
Yep, finally
This, omg
These videos are so good, such interesting viewing, thank you very much Paul!
Your chanel is simply a pearl !
I like the topics, the duration of the video, the images, the music. Everything is perfect. Thank you !
You put BBC documentaries to shame. Best space videos. Loved the new intro!
I guess Paul is the only one with a BBC
XD
I agree about the intro, with the exception of having to look straight into a giant eye right at the start.
Why can't all the content and narration on RUclips be this EXCELLENT? Keep up the good work!
How the Atomic Race was won: Being separated from the global war by vast oceans.
Japan could have done that too but they decided to invade China. Seems less likely they'd have had the manpower or economy necessary to win that race. Don't forget that even in 1938-1944, the US had a massive GDP lead on everyone else. About 6 times the GDP of Japan at the time.
Yeah Japan was fighting against huge odds, they couldnt sustain a long war so they did a huge bet on pearl harbor. The idea was to cripple the US and then do a "blitzkrieg", their generals knew that if they failed there the war was more or less lost.
Well, it helped that worlds elite came to US to work on that. Americans alone done little of anything.
@@matejebach5487 What do you mean little to anything?
Mate Jebach They could have done nothing. Would you have preferred that?
I love the fact that Frisch and Peierls were't trust worthy enough to work on something as mundane as Radar but had a free pass to help with the atomic project which potentially could of had much larger repercussions had they been spies. Also I never heard that Japan was also working on an atomic project and find it ironic that they stopped work on it although they believed it possible to make, they didn't think their biggest threat could do it during the war. Hindsight is a wonderful thing.
SO HAPPY TO SEE YOU BACK YOU ARE THE WORLDS BEST RUclipsR DONT STOP NEVER GUVE UP
I literally was looking for a new Curious Droid episode yesterday. Delighted to see I didn't have to wait long!
Terrific videos!
Another great video from a quality-first channel, love it!
I‘m always amazed how well your synth sounds compliment the topic and your narrative. What a great channel this is.
Attila TheHUN it is always welcomed back ground noise. Not too overwhelming.
I was going to say you should be on TV; but then again, I wouldn't watch you there. Thanks.
Who even watches TV nowadays?
@@KougaJ7 my granny does.
@@KougaJ7 Watching TV or watching RUclips is basically the same thing. People who say "duuuh, I don't watch TV" but spend 4 hours per day watching Netflix/RUclips are stupid because it's basically the same thing, just not on the same device.
@@TURST67 RUclips and Netflix are streaming on demand though, TV decides what you watch for you. You can only flip through the channels. You also need to buy a complete and seperate device for watching TV, that is dedicated to that purpose alone (and maybe console gaming). You can do an infinite amount of things on a computer, aside from netflix and youtube. There is some overlap, but it's just not the same thing in my opinion... So we don't agree.
Lol
How is it possible that this channel has less than 5M subscribers? There is not a single video on this channel that is not exceptional.
Finally a CD video!!!!!!! Best channel on RUclips right here.
New intro is so much better!
You have no idea how much I look forward to your videos. Even if your chemistry maths was a hair off :)
You should intro your videos with your name. You could easily be a narrator for science television with how smooth and articulate you are. Just need to build your personal identity more than your channel name.
Another fantastically researched and presented mini-documentary by the Curious Droid.
Somewhat embarrassingly, I kept thinking about what if "nothing happened" (00:20).
Never return to a lit firework.....
It has happened. In one of the U.S. tests on the Nevada test range, one test shot was set up and counted down to zero. Nothing happened. Atomcentral channel has a video up called: Nuclear 911 Diablo - the nuclear weapon misfire. It's interesting in that it shows how scary it is and also how nonchalant the scientists are.
@@iancanuckistan2244 That's incredible.
Thank you, fellow Ian for the information - I'll be sure to look into it.
Well as with fireworks you have to go back sometime or another to make it safe..
@@russc788 The only difference with these "fireworks" is they can turn you into molecules and atoms.
"Hmmm...dammit, it didn't go off....Stach - go over & give it a kick."
I am so pleased that Varys is still with us.
I love these videos. Every one of them.
Glad to see you back man. Really love your videos. You inspired me to start making videos on science. Keep up the great work.
Otto hahn actually was my grandpa's professor/ friend. Pretty wierd to see him in this Video. Keep it up 👍
Curious Droid: "Hey kids, want to be smart enough to make your own nuclear bomb? Try Brilliant!"
Phew, you’re back!!!
Jesus Himself well I will for the true Jesus himself!
Neeve finally a good Christian girl!
@@owlman4167 lmao. great pickup line
Jesus Himself goddamit Jesus
clicked on the thumb nail...waited for the Shirt...was not disappionted!!!
Otto Frisch (see correction below), Richard Frisch not Otto Frisch was the nephew of his famous aunt who during a vacation together in the backwoods with snow falling created the equations necessary for fission. He and his famous aunt concluded that the way to split the nucleus was not to shoot a neutron into the nucleus at a high speed, but rather send the neutron in as slowly as possible so that the already heavy ladened nucleus was already "wobbling" with too many neutrons. By sending an extra neutron in very slowly it might be "grabbed" by the nuclear strong force and "added" to the already overstuffed nucleus. That one extra neutron was enough to make the already unstable overstuffed uranium atom able to burst like a wobbling water balloon and explode. This is what fission really was. It's not shooting a fast bullet like extra neutron at a hard to hit the target but rather sending in a very slow neutron into very heavy uranium atom already with "overstuffed" neutrons spraying out radiation so that one extra neutron would cause the "water balloon to burst. Thus the chain reaction would begin.
Question: If a water pond has Lilly pads growing on it and every day the Lilly pads double in amount and on the 90th day the pond is full on what day is the pond 1/2 full? Answer:
on the 89th day. That is how fission works. So who was Otto Frisch's (correction, Richard Frisch's) famous aunt who was the real genius? Answer: Lisa Meitner.
Cool! Reference?
@@2hedz77 "E=MC2" by David Bodonis It's basically a history lesson about the equation itself. The audiobook will help prevent road rage.
I must make a correction to the above and admit I was wrong with my history. Today I re-read (listened to my audiobook on E=MC2 by David Bodanis).
The true nephew of Lisa Meitner was Richard Frisch, not Otto Frisch. I confused Meitner's nephew with Otto Hahn, Lisa Meitner's university collaborator.
Additionally, I recalled after reading the book that it was not Lisa Meitner who first discovered that water could slow down the neutron before it would attach to the nucleus. That prize must go the Enrico Fermi, who discovered that water from his fishpond outside his underfunded first laboratory would slow down the neutron. But Fermi never understood the math behind the science. It was only after 3 or 4 years later, in the cold winter woods in Europe with her nephew, "Richard Frisch" would Lisa Meitner calculate the equations to establish why slowing down neutrons would allow neutrons to be "captured" by the tiny nucleus inside the Uranium atom.
Glad to see you back Paul!
It's one heck of a job sir to do all research to scripting to even editing all by yourself ... I feel happy you are back, I may really like to help
You are one of the best channels that deserves a lot more subs.
Love this channel. Not enough posts, but considering the obvious amount of research and sheer bloody work you must put in, understandable. Keep 'em coming.
Another great video, many thanks. Keep up the good work 👍
This is my favorite Curious Droid video so far. Thank you for your commitment in producing these videos. I always look forward to the next one!
I love your channel, for both the shirt and especially the content!
Hey----this shirt wasn't 'bright enough' as normal.
Thanks for posting!
@Piss Muffin So funny you said that, I too agree with you! At 1st the shirts bothered me, now I dig them! It's like ----oooh, what crazy shirt does he have now???
A true high quality channel, I guess it takes a while to put together BBC standard videos by yourself on a minimal budget.
Great to have you back.
Sad subject where so much effort is put into such devastating weapon, unfortunately they just did what was required.
bbc is a pr-machine... take their any nature-video and count how many times the narrator says word 'danger'. I hope Paul is not dropping to this level, ever.
BBC used to be top notch, but with out principles.. Money rules them all.
@@iteerrex8166 money?)) money is printed by govt. Govt creates mass medium to promote certain ideas to its people. It has always been like that with any tv. Now, Internet allows you me and Paul express our ideas (however, keep in mind - our mindsets also been formed by bbc and such) - so choosing a youtuber to watch is basically evaluating his merit as to critical thinking and on grounds of our own merit of critical thinking. IMO, Paul does good job (not perfect, but good) in researching and presentation.
@@cokeforever Regardless, if agree or disagree with your ideas, this is not correct platform to discuss and debate the philosophy of such a big topic, nor am I inclined to. Thank you.
S C
„not perfect, but good“
Pretty arrogant to say that imo. There is no such thing as perfect when it comes to historical topics like this. Everyone is dependent on the source material we have, since noone of us was there. Researching these topics will always have a subjective element to it...perfect is out of the question.
Finally a new video from Curious Droid!!!!! Thank you so much for your hard work and one more excellent video. Cheers from Brazil.
So amazing packed with so much information I had to watch it twice. Thank you Curious Droid.
Felt like ages since you uploaded.... welcome back :)
Just found your channel and I'm finding your videos on the nuclear subject very informative and entertaining. Very easy guy to listen to
Incredible videos! Please keep up this great work!
Greetings from Guatemala!
Brilliant well-researched interesting videos. Keep up the fab work!!👍🏻
Another amazing episode! I had no idea that atomic weapons were being researched in so many States. This channel is one of my favorite and I am thrilled when I get a new notification. Brilliant. ✌🇺🇸🇬🇧
Awesome video Paul! I would really love to see, and I believe your viewers might be interested in, you doing a video on the British nuclear program after the war, Operation Grapple, as well as the 24 British nuclear devices set off on U.S. soil at the Nevada Test Site up through the 1990’s!!!
these videos obviously take a lot of time and research to produce so I hope people watching appreciate the effort it takes to make them.
I’ve returned to all of your videos several times. Great work, keep them coming.
As always excellent quality of the video and research. Thank you!
Maria Skłodowska - Curie was a Polish scientist! Even with no Poland on world maps in 19th century, she was Polish citizen living in France.
Man, glad to see the Lord of Light brought you back after Dany had you torched...
LOL I wondered where I saw him :)
Ha. I am glad as well. I wonder if the Lord of Light brought him back whole or missing a piece.
Small human glitches or not you’re productions are amazing given your practical limitations. I’ve enjoyed your channel over the last few years I hope there’s many more. One of the best on RUclips by far sir.
I misread this as "How The Atomic Race War Was Won" and was very concerned
When I die, bury me with a Davey Crocket Nuclear Bazooka so I can be revived for the
*a* *t* *o* *m* *i* *c* *r* *a* *c* *e* *w* *a* *r*
Atomic pool's closed.
As usual Paul, the attention to detail here is remarkable. Keep em coming mate 👍
Fantastic compilation of clips, videos, and information narrated brilliantly by Sir Paul Shillito 😉
Really good discourse on early atomic weapons development. Great channel.
And New Zealand (Ernest Rutherford)
Yeeeaaa buddy. I pack them hundi dollar notes in my wallet every week lol
endintiers why dose NZ all ways have to make out they did this did that ? Lol they don’t even have a Air Force and next to no military and a PM that lives Muslims pathetic and gun grabbing
@@malcolm3664 because for a little country we have given the world some great things. Oh and we are proud of it.. no harm in being proud of your country
Yeah, don't forget that Kiwi boy.
Its only natural for periferial countries citizens that they want to be acknowledged by the rest of the world. Its the same as this one guy in the class, who is bad in everything other than physics and shines bright when everyone in the class are spamming him just to let them rewrite his homework.
Fantastic video. I love how well researched it is.
One mistake: for every kilogram of uranium there isn't 0.7 grams, but rather 7 grams. 99.3% U-238 in the crust, vs. 0.7% U-235
I'm glad you mentioned the Japanese bomb project; not too many people know about that.
10:01 Bombing raids were by the U.S. Army Air Corp. The U.S. Air Force wasn't started until 1946 after WW2 had ended.
Been waiting so long for my CD fix! Thanks Paul!
Shirt looks amazing!!!
Love your work...it's among the best in youtube. Thank you for it.
God I love mid century technology. Almost all our tech today has it's roots in WWII or the post war prosperous 1950s.
This was a great video as usual.
true. we need another world war to push the technology to whole new level.
@@halimceria The invention of Nuclear weapons has all but removed the possibility of a world war, if one were to occur there would be no-one left afterwards.
Most roots stemmed from the industrial revolution, however times of war calls for arms race which drastically increases research and productivity to one over the opposition.
The biotech and telecommunications tools we use now are only vaguely related to 50’s technology.
Still flying pretty much the same airplanes, though.
I have seldom both learnt from and also enjoyed so much a video like this.
Keep it up, your videos are, as always, worth waiting for!
I actually have a sample of heavy water from Norsk Hydro :)
What? Lol
What does it taste like ? Do you have enough to make some tea ?
Don't take this the wrong way - I enjoy your videos immensely! But at about 2:35 there's a slight error, I believe. U235 has a prevalence of .7%, so one kg of mined uranium should have around 7 grams of U235, no? 1000 times.7/100 right?
thank you sir and as always ...nice shirt
Excellent work Paul...great research and my favourite subject....enjoyed event minute of your film.
Yay! Now that's the way to start off Memorial weekend!!! Good Timing CD!
You are doing a great job! We need more quality channels like your on youtube.
"So there's a chance that we'll destroy the atmosphere?
-Yeah.
I'm willing to take that chance."
I don't believe there was ever a chance, but fear brings worst case scenarios into people's minds.
"Many of you will probably die horribly. It is a sacrifice I am willing to make."
And as lucky as we were, we have fucked up the earths ecosystem with these tests
It doesnt matter what actually happened. It was what feared could happen. Yet they still did it
They didn't do it fearing it could happen. They did the math very seriously and found the ignition point of our atmosphere. As such they knew that the test would be safe, but obviously take precautions because math and reality can misalign
Great video my dude! I love nuclear stuff.
It's fascinating, such an alluring concept.
You should set up a Patreon account. I would gladly support your channel every month!
He has one. If you pay me all of the donation money, I will be glad to pass it on to him. That applies to everyone else too. Please make checks payable to 'Mr C. Tapper' with a note, saying 'for the benefit of Curious Droid'.
He does excellent work, so make very generous donations please. He deserves thousands of bucks. Many, many, thousands. I would suggest at least $500,000 would be appropriate. Thank you. And hurry, my new Porsche needs paying for soon. I mean Paul's new one. Sorry.
Do you have a Pateron? by any chance i would love to support your channel in any ways i can. Seeing how you always bring QUALITY over Quantity
Leo Szilard is "sillard", not "slizzard". great video as always though.
Actually it's a hard Z at the front.
So, zeelard ;)
Excellent video guys, above and beyond the standards of any other RUclips channel!
Ahhh. Gotta get my nuclear fix from Curious Droid. It's a good day~
Finally some answers to my qeustions in this video. Thanks Curious Droid. Keep making these high quality video’s.
I loved you on Game of Thrones!
Too bad about the flaming ending.
Me too
Man, every time you said the word “Bomb” I thought you should be talking about that short. Werq!
Also, your content is magnificent and of the highest Calibre. It’s greatly appreciated. Well done!
(1:06) - Mancherter University?
I know it well.
Phahahagag
As always a mixture of great content and excellent narration. The usual instant like...
first report about necessary creation of atomic bomb L.P.Beria put on Stalins table at january 1940..
That was a damn smooth sponsor segue. Great video, too!
They blew our Ozone layer off in the 1960s, then told us it was our fault for using hairspray.
...now they are saying that the global population is destroying the planet and causing global warming, but fail to mention the thousands of nuclear detonations (tests). Always blame the public or cow farts.
@@moonrazorking2366 That's stupid. Your hate for the 'gummint' overpowers your ability to reason.
Man, you're awesome! And the amount of research you do, and all the details 8-o WAW! THANK YOU!
Good stuff. But I feel you failed to mention how bad the US behaved towards the UK when it came to sharing knowledge.
Leo Szilard. Also would recommend a book by Groves himself for those interested in the engineering production and delivery aspects.
Even though I wasn’t born than and wouldn’t be born for several more decades after the Atomic Race, I was the single most important driving force of and for the entire program. You need to give credit where credit is due and I happily will be accepting every ato-credit! Bow to me!
Sir Marcus Laurence Elwin "Mark" Oliphant AC KBE FRS FAA FTSE (8 October 1901 - 14 July 2000) was an Australian physicist and humanitarian who played an important role in the first experimental demonstration of nuclear fusion and in the development of nuclear weapons.
Thank you for providing such depth and knowledge into this topic, as always love your videos
Dear Paul, I love your attention to detail. Your presentations are so clear that I assume your research is good. Which leads me to two questions: How do you research your topics? What are your sources? Keep up the good work, best wishes, John in the Peak District.
Always love your videos! A video focusing on the Tsar Bomba would be interesting!!! *Has anybody else been watching HBO Chernobyl? Bloody excellent! Free to watch links to episode 4 would be welcome...*
In 1941, science fiction writer Robert Heinlein published "Solution Unsatisfactory", a short story in which he predicted that nuclear weapons would lead to a world in which war would be "all offense and no defense".
Brilliant video as always
Also answers a question I began to think about the other day
I wish you'd make hour long videos. These videos are far too short for such great content and presentation. Great work.
This is the droid I was looking for.
Definitely worth the wait! Another amazing video! Thank you so much Curious Droid for making me a little smarter!!
typo at 1:15. Manchester*. :)
One point worth mentioning that wasn't touched on was the chemical advantages of Plutonium 239 over Uranium 235. Uranium 235 was very hard to extract from mass of 238 because they are chemically identical, so some subtle, long winded techniques had to be used. Plutonium on the other hand could be extracted by relatively simple chemical processes.