Galileo Galilei's discoveries a Simple Explanation

The Italian scholar Galileo Galilei further developed the Dutch telescope in 1609. The shopping list, on which he noted the items needed for the construction, is still well preserved: organ pipes, German glasses and cannonballs. A collecting lens served as the objective. It is convex in shape, that is, the thickest in the middle. Due to its shape, it bundles the incident light rays. The scattering lens at the other end is concave, that is, the thinnest in the middle. The rays are refracted here in such a way that they run parallel again after exiting and thus an image is created. The telescope magnifies due to the ratio of the different curvatures of the two lenses.
Galileo saw the Moon and even more: the Milky Way is not a nebula, but consists of millions of stars. For 2000 years, it has been believed that the Earth is at the center of the universe and is orbited by the stars, the Sun, the Moon and the planets. But astronomers are recording the course of the stars more and more precisely, the geocentric world view has to be constantly adjusted in detail and is thus becoming more and more complex.
Nicolaus Copernicus showed in 1543 that it is much easier: he placed the sun in the center. It is orbited by the planets. The stars are fixed, the moon is running around the Earth. A teaching that shook not only astronomy, but also the church and people's view of the world.
As for the trade winds, Galileo correctly realized that the permanent east wind at the equator comes from the rotation of the Earth. At low and high tides, on the contrary, he was wrong: the cause of the tides is the attraction of the moon. What the famous astronomer Johannes Kepler correctly recognized at that time, Galileo at first arrogantly dismissed as "superstition".
ZDF/Terra X/S. Hillmann/B. v. Dadelsen/S. Utzt/C. v. Westphalia/M. Moor