Brazil National Mathematical Olympiad 2010 Problem 1

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  • Опубликовано: 12 дек 2024

Комментарии • 47

  • @oskarjung6738
    @oskarjung6738 3 года назад +23

    Even though the question is so trivial, the proof is so beautiful. Its questions like these that gives you the 'aha' moments, and make you love maths.

  • @JoseFernandes-js7ep
    @JoseFernandes-js7ep 3 года назад +18

    I think the condition for irrational numbers has the porpoise of avoiding nice numbers like 0 or 1.

  • @HagenvonEitzen
    @HagenvonEitzen 4 года назад +16

    If s² > 4p, then there are reals a,b with a b = p and a + b = s (namely, the roots of x² - s x + p).
    Let p= -1 and s arbitrary irrational. Then a and b must both be irrational, hence the functional equation gives us f(s)=f(-1).
    Now let p = -sqrt(2) and s any rational. Again, a and v must both be irrational, and the functional equation gives us f(s) = f(-sqrt(2)), and by the previous, we know already that f(-sqrt(2)) = f(-1).

  • @iurialmeida8979
    @iurialmeida8979 3 года назад +8

    maaaan, i cant belive i was able to do it, thank you!

  • @matheuspedro3745
    @matheuspedro3745 4 года назад +30

    Thanks for the solution, I'm Brazilian and I'm studying for this contest.

    • @letsthinkcritically
      @letsthinkcritically  4 года назад +6

      My pleasure!

    • @NPC-pl5cy
      @NPC-pl5cy 3 года назад +1

      Orgem de Progresso

    • @RZMATHS
      @RZMATHS 3 года назад +2

      You can try this too if you are preparing for Olympiads
      ruclips.net/video/igdy05LZj90/видео.html

    • @matheuspedro3745
      @matheuspedro3745 3 года назад +1

      @མགུལ་སྙིང Thank you!

    • @bernardinojosa3777
      @bernardinojosa3777 3 года назад

      Boa sorte

  • @yaseengharehmohammadloo9955
    @yaseengharehmohammadloo9955 4 года назад +18

    thanks for solving theses beautiful problems.

  • @matthismercier281
    @matthismercier281 3 года назад +6

    How and with which support do you think I should train to solve this kind of problems ?
    Love your channel btw, wondeful work !

  • @zakzaki9542
    @zakzaki9542 3 года назад +8

    Would it not be enough to say that f(a+b+0)=f(a+b)=f((a+b)0)=f(0), and that a+b can add to make any real number, therefore f(X)=k for all real numbers???

    • @giovanicampos4120
      @giovanicampos4120 3 года назад +19

      since 0 is not irrational, then we can't do f((a+b)+0) = f((a+b)0), since f(a + b) = f(ab) holds for all a and b that are irrationals.

    • @zakzaki9542
      @zakzaki9542 3 года назад +5

      @@giovanicampos4120 yes you are correct. Thanks a lot

  • @Kyojuro-bf3bf
    @Kyojuro-bf3bf 7 месяцев назад

    Isnt it possible to first ignore the irrationality condition, then find all functions for all reals such that f(ab) = f(a+b). The only such function satisfying this is f(x) = c, a constant. So it also satisfies for any irrational a and b since the irrationals are a subset of the reals. ?

  • @LittleCloveredElf
    @LittleCloveredElf 2 месяца назад +1

    I did something weird but I think it is correct, so:
    Sub a = x/k, b = yk where x/k & yk is irational
    => f(xy) = f(x/k + yk) sub k = sqrt(m+1) - sqrt(m) which should satisfy the above condition
    => f(xy) = f(x(sqrt(m+1) + sqrt(m)) y(sqrt(m+1) - sqrt(m))), put x=y
    => f(x^2) = f(x(2sqrt(m+1))) , sub any constant fo x
    => f(c^2) = f(c(2sqrt(m+1))) , and note that c(2sqrt(m+1)) can be any real number including -ve as c can be -ve and (-c)^2 = c^2
    => thus f(x) = k
    tho still incredible solution

  • @DaveyJonesLocka
    @DaveyJonesLocka 3 года назад +1

    Beautiful work

  • @pedrofarinazzo5669
    @pedrofarinazzo5669 3 года назад +1

    I don't get it. Why are you assuming all those functions are equal to f(0)?

  • @TheUltimateLeo-p2v
    @TheUltimateLeo-p2v 3 года назад

    Great video!
    From you accent I guess you are from Hong Kong or similar places. Did I guess it right? Cuz I’m from Hong Kong and I absolutely love the channel

  • @elobez
    @elobez 11 месяцев назад

    {rational} + {irrational} = {irrational}.
    Can we not let a = 1 and b be any irrational. Then:
    f(b) = f(b+1), both sides mapping irrational to irrational and true for all b. Does this prove that f maps to a constant?

    • @scion.
      @scion. 10 месяцев назад

      The statement only says that f(a+b) = f(ab) when a and b are irrational, so you can't choose a=1.
      On top of that, even if you could, f(b) = f(b+1) is not a sufficient condition to conclude that f is constant, f could be any function with period 1. For example, cos(2*pi*x) or frac(x) would be non-constant functions that satisfy your condition.

  • @georgelaing2578
    @georgelaing2578 11 дней назад

    There was nothing in the problem
    that said a and b could ONLY be
    irrational. If you showed that all
    reals mapped to f(0) then it
    follows that all irrational s do.

  • @djvalentedochp
    @djvalentedochp 3 года назад +1

    nice video I'm from brazil

  • @anasuit1111
    @anasuit1111 4 года назад +7

    irrational :無理数

  • @파트라슈-o4l
    @파트라슈-o4l 3 года назад

    thank you sir ~

  • @aashsyed1277
    @aashsyed1277 3 года назад

    So awesome

  • @quirtt
    @quirtt 3 года назад

    Cool problem

  • @tsunningwah3471
    @tsunningwah3471 3 года назад

    香港口音好親切

  • @jölwritesmusic
    @jölwritesmusic 4 года назад +5

    But if it holds for all real numbers, then it holds for all irrational numbers. So this condition is useless.

    • @TechToppers
      @TechToppers 4 года назад +12

      But you don't know before you solve the problem.

    • @angelmendez-rivera351
      @angelmendez-rivera351 3 года назад +4

      It doesn't say it holds for all real numbers.

    • @moonlightcocktail
      @moonlightcocktail 3 года назад +2

      There could be a function that works only for irrational numbers but not for rationale, for example the piecewise f(x) = a solution proposed here if x irrational and 1 otherwise

    • @TtTt-ur5hd
      @TtTt-ur5hd 3 года назад +2

      You stupid?

  • @OOO-ef1ps
    @OOO-ef1ps 3 года назад

    A familiar accent🤔

    • @taopaille-paille4992
      @taopaille-paille4992 2 года назад

      Chinese + British maybe

    • @OOO-ef1ps
      @OOO-ef1ps 2 года назад

      @@taopaille-paille4992 To me it's classical Hong Konger speaking English

    • @taopaille-paille4992
      @taopaille-paille4992 2 года назад

      @@OOO-ef1ps Nope that's not hk accent

    • @taopaille-paille4992
      @taopaille-paille4992 2 года назад

      He has some British accent that for me means he has spent multiple years in UK

  • @krishnasimha8097
    @krishnasimha8097 3 года назад

    e^a e^b=e^a+b

    • @landsgevaer
      @landsgevaer 3 года назад +5

      Assuming you mean e^a e^b = e^(a+b) , this is an example of f(a)f(b) = f(a+b), but not f(ab) = f(a+b) as asked. Moreover, it wouldn't show these were *all* such functions.

  • @finmat95
    @finmat95 3 года назад +4

    What a terrible calligraphy

  • @omenuawo
    @omenuawo 3 года назад

    Cool problem