Constantine XI Palaiologos: The Last Emperor of the Romans

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  • Опубликовано: 8 фев 2025
  • The tragic reign of Constantine XI Palaiologos ended with his death and the fall of the city which his name-sake Constantine the Great had built over a thousand years earlier. With his death the Roman Empire in the East ceased to exist. This explores his life and reign.
    Predecessor: John VIII Palaiologos
    Email
    easternromanhistory@gmail.com
    Discord
    / discord
    If you would like to support Eastern Roman History, I have a Patreon:
    / easternromanhistory
    Bibliography:
    Doukas, Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, Translated by Magoulias, Harry J. (1975)
    George Sphrantzes, Chronicle 1401-1477, Translated by Philippides, M. (1980)
    Kritoboulos, History of Mehmed the Conqueror, Translated by Riggs, C. T. (1970)
    Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, Translated by Kaldellis, A. (2014)
    Harris, J. (2010) The End of Byzantium, Yale.
    Nicol, D. M. (1993) The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453 - Second Edition, London.
    Nicol, D. M. (1992) The Immortal Emperor: The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos Last Emperor of the Romans, Cambridge.
    Music Credit:
    'Time', 'Shadows', 'Rivers and 'Siege' by Ed Lima and Stephen Maitland from Empire Earth by Stainless Steel Studios.
    'Unsealed' Masaharu Iwata from Tactics Ogre: Let Us Cling Together by Quest and Square Enix.
    'Spreading Hope' by Bill Brown and Jamie Christopherson from The Lord of the Rings: Battle for Middle-earth by EA Los Angeles.
    'Sad Times' by Robert Euvino from Stronghold by Firefly Studios.
    All images used are for educational purposes, if I have used a piece of art and you would like me to credit you, please contact me and I shall do so.

Комментарии • 297

  • @captainmark4254
    @captainmark4254 3 года назад +224

    I love how the last Roman Emperor dies with honor alongside his men without retreat or abandon his city. He really carries the name of Roman Emperor with great respect and responsibility. Rest in peace.

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад +11

      He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".

    • @ottoman2014
      @ottoman2014 3 года назад

      Korkarak öldü hepiniz kaçtınız 🇹🇷

    • @concilladoluciapp293
      @concilladoluciapp293 3 года назад +27

      @@ottoman2014 Constantine Xl died in the front with his warrior, while mehmed hiding at the back of his slaves what a shame. .

    • @alidogansoy8534
      @alidogansoy8534 2 года назад

      @@concilladoluciapp293 tu sais, ton empereur ne vivait pas de toute façon 🤫 sache que ton empire et ton empereur était mort ,vivant 😉

    • @Cabbage-Enjoyer
      @Cabbage-Enjoyer 2 года назад +4

      @@ottoman2014 Ewww an Ott*man

  • @ComesPerpetvs
    @ComesPerpetvs 5 лет назад +244

    In different circumstances that man would achive greatness and restore power of Rome...he just needed to be born few generations earlier. God bless His soul!

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  5 лет назад +92

      Indeed his father Manuel II said much a similar thing to his elder brother John VIII. Ironically the last three emperors of the ERE were actually pretty good and competant it is more to do with their dire circumstances that they were eventually destroyed. Circumstances their predecessors had unfortuneately brought about.

    • @ComesPerpetvs
      @ComesPerpetvs 5 лет назад +48

      @@EasternRomanHistory last few generations were competent indeed! You know as they say, hard circumstances breed hard men, and that's exactly what last few emperors were.

    • @danielchequer5842
      @danielchequer5842 4 года назад +29

      Those "what if" moments that roman emperors are so full of. What if Aurelian wasn't killed? What if Justinian didn't get the Plague? What of Irene married Charlemagne? The history of the Roman Empire is full of these moments where everything seems to be pointing at gold and glory and then all of a sudden it all collapses again.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад

      CrusaderPrince why would I

    • @ComesPerpetvs
      @ComesPerpetvs 4 года назад

      @@Vaelar2007 fuck people, worthless cattle, just press it! DEUS VULT!

  • @quantumfoam539
    @quantumfoam539 4 года назад +144

    His end turned out to be a honorable end to unbroken chain of emperors down to Augustus. Many and different emperors had risen to power through the ages, some great, some not so great and some even paranoid. But the millenia spanning roman history really deserved such an epic and grandiose finalle and a man to show that indeed it was not all for nothing.

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  4 года назад +35

      Its good that the sons of Rome went out with a bang.

    • @stephenrusso6019
      @stephenrusso6019 2 года назад +3

      the legacy goes back even farther , all the way to Romulus.

  • @demetres6113
    @demetres6113 5 лет назад +181

    During our war for independence against the ottomans when the British admiral Hamilton told to Theodoros Kolokotronis (military leader of Greece), that we need a king. Kolokotronis replied "Our King died and he didn't accept any truce. Our king's guard has been at war since then and our castles remained unconquered". Then Hamilton answered "King? Him who died 400 years ago? Of which king's guard are you speaking and where are those castles???" Then General Kolokotronis replied "Our king's guard are the Outlaws and our castles is Mani, Souli and the mountains where we are free''

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  5 лет назад +29

      Interesting

    • @aokiaoki4238
      @aokiaoki4238 4 года назад +20

      "Once, when we took over Nauplion, Hamilton (Gawen William Hamilton), came to see me. He told me that:" Greeks should ask to compromise and Britain as a medium."
      I respond to him that: " This never happens, freedom or death. We, captain Hamilton, never compromise with the Turk. Others cut, others enslaved by the sword, while we have lived free generation by generation. Our King died, without doing any agreement. His Guard had an internal war with the Turks and two fortress were always disobeyed."
      He told me:" Witch is the royal Guard, witch are the Fortresses ?"
      "The Guard of our King is the so-called Klephts, the fortresses, Mani and the Souli and the mountains".
      Like that he didn't speak to me anymore.
      Hamilton obviously realise that the Old man meant for King an old Emperor who died 400 years ago and would probably though that the Old man doesn't have his mind right anymore."
      Georgios Tertsetis, Theodore Kolokotronis memoirs

    • @Alfred_Atheling
      @Alfred_Atheling 3 года назад +1

      Ohhhh.... that’s so fucking cooooool!

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад +3

      @@aokiaoki4238 He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".

    • @zahirhussain5913
      @zahirhussain5913 Год назад +1

      He didn't accept any truce?
      U r wrong. He begged truce while Mehmed-II was constructing "Rumli Hisar" fortress outside the fort of Constantinople.

  • @IndiaSecularCountry
    @IndiaSecularCountry 4 года назад +167

    I admire him
    Rather than surrendering
    He died a heroic death defending the remnants of Great Eastern Roman Empire
    Long live Marble Emperor

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +2

      Marble *emperor*

    • @IndiaSecularCountry
      @IndiaSecularCountry 4 года назад

      @@Vaelar2007 yes

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +2

      Live with a purpose first it was king buts actually he was an emperor ;)

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад +3

      He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".@@Vaelar2007

    • @malicant123
      @malicant123 2 года назад

      Mehmed offered him a comfortable retirement, but he refused it. Rome went out fighting.

  • @histguy101
    @histguy101 5 лет назад +165

    If there had been more emperors like him, that were practical, took the office seriously, and had the good will of their subjects, the empire would not have been so humbled. At this point, Constantinople resembled something like one of the Italian republics of the era.

    • @AlbertoSantosDumont819
      @AlbertoSantosDumont819 5 лет назад +30

      @@spacemonkeymafia522 it's ironic that Western Rome, the grandest era, went out so quietly, while Eastern Rome ended with one of it's greatest emperors fighting till the last like a man

  • @stathikatehis154
    @stathikatehis154 4 года назад +130

    It has been 567 years since that fateful day. The great tragedy of the Middle Ages and Greek history.

    • @LookHereMars
      @LookHereMars 4 года назад +16

      Roman History brother.

    • @nillynush4899
      @nillynush4899 3 года назад +9

      I prayed for Constantine XI yesterday.

    • @ervinmestan786
      @ervinmestan786 3 года назад +5

      I doubt you would call it “the great tragedy” if it were conquered by christians (even though there were christians in the Ottoman army).

    • @charadradam9985
      @charadradam9985 3 года назад +7

      @@LookHereMars he talks about the greek populations of minor asia not about the italian populations of the italian peninsula. he talks about the simple populations not about the state of east rome as a continuity of roman empire. wtf

    • @seawolf9616
      @seawolf9616 3 года назад +6

      @@ervinmestan786 This was a great tragedy, so was the fall in 1204.

  • @creamycereal
    @creamycereal 4 года назад +60

    This guy was a legend, he showed military skill far better than most imagine if he ruled instead of andronikos II in the late 1200s to early 1300s Rome would probably still exist

  • @grandmastercrusader8724
    @grandmastercrusader8724 5 лет назад +171

    He’s one on my favorite emperors

    • @cpegg5840
      @cpegg5840 4 года назад +17

      And Mehmed was killed by his son Bayezid with poison

    • @majorbowie776
      @majorbowie776 4 года назад

      @@tufan7576 lo

    • @creamycereal
      @creamycereal 4 года назад +10

      Tufan stfu Constantine was a great leader

    • @RPe-jk6dv
      @RPe-jk6dv 3 года назад +5

      @@creamycereal mehmed ii. was a child molestor.

    • @icxcnika1823
      @icxcnika1823 3 года назад +1

      @@RPe-jk6dv Mehmet II was killed by his own son , while molesting him

  • @ragael1024
    @ragael1024 4 года назад +43

    One emperor stood and suffered what others before him ignored and instead indulged in the luxury of their status. A great ruler that tried everything, and yet, was abandoned by everyone but a few. He fought and died for what he believed in. If only more were like him...

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад +3

      He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".

  • @Theodoros_Kolokotronis
    @Theodoros_Kolokotronis 3 месяца назад +1

    One of the most thrilling historical novels on the Greek Byzantine Empire during the last Siege of Constantinople is “The Dark Angel” (original title Johannes Angelos), of prominent Finnish writer, Mika Waltari.
    Truly epic.

  • @apostolispouliakis7401
    @apostolispouliakis7401 4 года назад +66

    Better to go out like this than to live a luxurious life in exile or deposed

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  4 года назад +27

      Or in the case of David Komnenos, get executed a few years later anyway.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +2

      Eastern Roman History *trebizond*

  • @vladut1907
    @vladut1907 5 лет назад +57

    many of the descendants of these nobles, like Cantacuzino and Palaiologos, have lived on the territory of todays Romania.

    • @nodspruductionss3812
      @nodspruductionss3812 4 года назад +4

      Their where greeks in vlachia up until the down of the 20nth century.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +4

      Eh no lots of em went to Montferrat Italy cause the Palaiologai had a branch that ruled the Italian Dutchy of Montferrato

    • @rorschach5652
      @rorschach5652 4 года назад

      German Lord eh no, they flew to Russia to found the 3rd Rome.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +4

      Rorschach dude russia proclaimed itself 3rd Rome and placed the Palaiologian Eagle on there banner without permission of the Palaiologians the Palaiologians of ERE eather fled to Morea or Italy

    • @nodspruductionss3812
      @nodspruductionss3812 4 года назад +3

      @@rorschach5652 lol rome died in 1453 .
      Regarless the only countries that have a claim to its legasy are the romance ones and greece (bysantium and all).

  • @rockstar450
    @rockstar450 4 года назад +4

    You sped your delivery up this episode and it flowed much better. Keep you the good work

  • @adamgilchrist8481
    @adamgilchrist8481 4 года назад +14

    Its only fitting that the last of the East Roman Emperors donned the name of the founder of their most important city and managed to be a great ruler that did all he could for his country, even if he probably knew that it was a losing battle. Truly deserves to go down as one of the great roman emperors. The Phoenix rises, Roma Victrix!!

  • @ziggytheassassin5835
    @ziggytheassassin5835 3 года назад +17

    I like how constantine looked like a medieval version of the gigachad meme

  • @Tommykey07
    @Tommykey07 4 года назад +30

    I hadn't realized that he was able to lead a campaign into Thessaly at one point and retook Athens. Perhaps if the Varna crusade had been successful, the Ottomans would have been weakened enough in Europe that more enduring gains could have been made in southern Greece. The Ottomans in Anatolia might have also been more vulnerable to the Karamanids in Anatolia I had been of the opinion that the ERE was essentially finished after the post Andronikos III civil war, but the power vacuum that could have been created if the Turks were crushed at Varna could conceivably have created opportunities for territorial gains and kept the ERE going for the remainder of the century.

    • @nowthenzen
      @nowthenzen 2 года назад +2

      I think the ERE never recovered from the Latin sack take over 250 years earlier.

  • @mcgiorx887
    @mcgiorx887 4 года назад +55

    He is the marbled king, dont worry.

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  4 года назад +27

      The fifteenth century Terminator 'I'll be Back' Constantine XI Palaiologos

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +8

      * marble emperor*

  • @hia5235
    @hia5235 4 года назад +8

    Hey bud Im glad you included the gate being left unlocked. There are some that say it was a disgruntled minority quarter of the city that did so.

  • @Πολεμιστης-μ7ξ
    @Πολεμιστης-μ7ξ 3 года назад +42

    He died like Leonidas of Sparta. This is the last stand of the middle ages, this is the 2nd Thermopylae battle. As a Greek I'm proud for him

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад +2

      He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".

    • @ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ
      @ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ 2 года назад +4

      He was greek and the Byzantine empire the last 600 uears of its existence was greek empire

    • @corvusglaive4804
      @corvusglaive4804 2 года назад +2

      @@ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ yes and no. The Greeks of Central Anatolia had been evacuated to other parts of the empire and they were Greek Speaking people but not ethnic Greeks. The countryside of what is today Greece had been settled by Romanians, Slavs, Vlachs and Bulgarians. So even today, Greek People are really still Greek Speaking Eastern Romans! Perhaps they should change their flag back to the Imperial one 😬

    • @ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ
      @ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ 2 года назад +2

      @@corvusglaive4804 the impact of slavic and romanians(vlachs to dna is very small,and the Turkish one is even less Researches have shown that modern greek dna is more than 75% similar to the Mycenaeans,the descendants of ancient Greeks which proves you wrong

    • @corvusglaive4804
      @corvusglaive4804 2 года назад +3

      @@ΠαυλοςΕξαρχος-γ3κ nonsense. How could that be possible when the Pontic and Anatolian Greeks were not even Greeks? They were Isaurians, Amorians, Pontics etc those guys spoke Greek but they weren't "Greeks".

  • @vdLeo-je6os
    @vdLeo-je6os 2 года назад +8

    Long Live the Last Roman Emperor Long Live Hellas. Thank you for the video.

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  2 года назад +4

      Thank you, it was really interesting to actually research Constantine's reign beyond just the 1453 siege.

  • @spartanwulf9852
    @spartanwulf9852 4 года назад +42

    Was I the only one who cried?

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  4 года назад +20

      It has an epic quality to it, I hope you enjoyed it.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +8

      I cried to bc he my ancestor😭

    • @lordofhostsappreciator3075
      @lordofhostsappreciator3075 4 года назад +2

      @@Vaelar2007
      Wow that's cool

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад

      Gaming will NEVER be good again what's cool

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +2

      @Constitution First he had brothers I descend off his brother Thomas Palaiologos despot of Morea

  • @shihlin1
    @shihlin1 3 года назад +12

    That quote of 4000 men, women, and child casualties at the hands of Memet's men sounds way underestimated.
    The reported rapes alone numbered 10,000 including male victims of all ages.
    More like 20,000 casualties is a closer estimate while 30,000 taken into captivity.

  • @edermanutencaoejardim9138
    @edermanutencaoejardim9138 Год назад +2

    Our great Christian emperor, recognized for his courage throughout the world, including in Brazil, his heroes were not in vain Constantine XI ✝️🇬🇷

  • @batuhanyldz2835
    @batuhanyldz2835 3 года назад +7

    much respect to him from turkey as he fought alongside his soldiers till he died in the fall of constantinople

  • @iDeathMaximuMII
    @iDeathMaximuMII 2 года назад +9

    The Roman Civilization began on April 21st, 753BC with Romulus founding Rome & becoming it's First King with the *Kingdom of Rome*
    *The Roman Republic* took it's place in 509BC & lasted until 27BC with the rise of Octavian
    *The Roman Empire*
    With it's foundation under Augustus on January 16th, 27BC to the Fall of the Western Half on September 4th, 476. To it's survival in the East
    Latin stopped being the Official language of the East after Heraclius (610-641)
    But the Traditions & Laws of the Romans carried on through the centuries with it's people. I will never call the Eastern Empire the "Byzantine Empire" as it was never called that by the Emperor, Government & people living there. It was just a term that everyone used After 1453
    Constantine XI died as a Roman should, with a sword in his hand as he would rather die with the Empire than escape the city & become a slave to the Turks or the West
    The Roman World lasted 2,205 Years from Kingdom, to Republic, to Empire

  • @ΠαῦλοςΠαυλίδης-χ7θ
    @ΠαῦλοςΠαυλίδης-χ7θ 4 года назад +34

    🇬🇷🇬🇷🇬🇷🇬🇷 marble king will be back

  • @brokenbridge6316
    @brokenbridge6316 3 года назад +9

    This man sounds like he could've been great. Except he ruled an empire that was too far gone. What a shame. Great video, friend.

  • @TitansQuarterback16
    @TitansQuarterback16 Год назад +1

    Incredible video. We stand on the shoulders of giants of the once great men that came before us. We owe it to the men of history to be worthy of their sacrifice

  • @serbianboss3294
    @serbianboss3294 3 года назад +13

    His mother was Jelena Dragas, Serbian princess!!! He took her last name as well!

  • @SuperWalshBros
    @SuperWalshBros 4 года назад +47

    I love how the Romans even at their weakest were still taking advantage of their enemies and conquering other states such as Athens.

    • @charadradam9985
      @charadradam9985 3 года назад

      he took back the city of athens from the Accaioli latin conquest in those times. he did not took back the city as a roman from athenians. what a fuck man?? we are not in the antiquity and the conquest of greece. its 15th century AC

  • @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903
    @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903 5 лет назад +95

    Exactly......the last emperor of THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE EAST......NOT THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE. THERE WERE NEVER A BYZANTINE EMPIRE.

    • @BIONICLECLAYPOKEMON
      @BIONICLECLAYPOKEMON 5 лет назад +9

      I mean, you're absolutely right. The point of the difference is for easier historical study. Especially due to the deviation in culture.

    • @hurinthalion9129
      @hurinthalion9129 4 года назад +6

      Exactly! The so called "Byzantine empire" was just a western invention in my belief. During the middle ages there was a great antagonism for the legacy of Roman empire between east and west. All started with Charlomagne usurping a title it was never his... Just my opinion

    • @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903
      @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903 4 года назад

      @@hurinthalion9129 well......Charlemagne was the last emperor who tried to unite east and west and he was recognized as roman emperor by his eastern colleague Michael I ragaves in 812 ad and his name comes right after that of Constantine VI the eastern emperor who was deposed in 797 ad by irene his mother. until the 800 ad events in theory the roman empire was still....united in the east and the west but after the death of Charlemagne in 814 and especially after the treaty of Verdun in 843 ad the empire of the west collapsed for good this time only to be resurrected in name only in 962 by otho the great who created the FIRST REICH...….the first holy roman empire of the Germanic nations.....(that Germanic nations reference became official only in 1530 ad)
      we can say that the united roman empire ended in 800 ad with the coronation of Charlemagne and his failure to reunite east and west.
      the western roman empire ended in 843 with the treaty of Verdun but officially in 887 with the depose of Charles the fat last successor of Charlemagne who reigned in the whole western empire for a short only time.
      the eastern empire ended in 1204 when crusaders sucked new rome but officially in 1453 when turks ended what remained in the east of the empire of the romans who by that time had become more greeks than romans.
      finally in 962 ad we had the creation of a new roman empire in the west which was more of a german empire and a roman empire in name only. that holy empire lasted until 1806 AD when francis II abdicated in favor of napoleon the great THE LAST MAN WHO BORE THE OFFICIAL TITLE OF...KING OF ROME BY THE POPE until he fell from power a few years later and officially we had the END OF WHAT WE CALL ROMAN EMPIRE AS A WHOLE IN EUROPE.
      that empire was officially the holy roman empire until 1530 when it became the holy roman empire of the Germanic nations until 1806 the so called FIRST REICH.
      second reich was created in first world war and hitler created the third reich in 1940.
      finally Mussolini was the last Italian dictator who tried to resurrect the roman empire in the 1930s and for a time he conquered part of north Africa and invaded also Greece in 1940. he was to be defeated.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад

      flavius honorius emperor of rome 395-423 Justinian of the Byzantine empire tried to reunite Rome to but failed due to a plague and Persian and Ostrogoth threat

    • @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903
      @flaviushonoriusemperorofro3903 4 года назад +1

      @@Vaelar2007 Justinian was a roman emperor from 527-565 which means the roman empire was still united even in the west as the germans who ruled the western provinces ruled them in the emperor's name and minted coins with his bust.
      as for Justinian he conquered rome and the whole of Italy from the ostrogoths from 534 to 554 ad and he also conquered Africa from the vandals in 533 ad and part of spain from the visigoths in 555 ad but then due to the plague like u said and other reasons the empire lost spain and most of Italy while Africa was retained until 700 ad...…..but in theory in the minds of the people who lived in the empire in those times the unity of the empire was axcepted at least until the 800 ad events.

  • @oio11101
    @oio11101 5 лет назад +25

    Palaiologos etymology=palaios(old in greek language)+logos(speech in greek language)

  • @michaeldriskell2038
    @michaeldriskell2038 Год назад +1

    I hope you see this. I once read that his body was found due to being recognized by his shoes, which had an Imperial emblems on them. It said he had stripped off his Imperial emblems off the rest he wore to be un recognized, but omitted the footwear. It went on to state that he was beheaded and the Sultan had it sent around to other moslem chief cities as a " trophy " of sorts to establish his conquest. Constantine's remains were interned in an Orthodox church somewhere in Constantinople, ( sans head ? ) according to this book. Regrettably it's been YEARS since I read this so I can't recall the source ! Any thoughts or info is welcome!!😊 You obviously are more up on things than I .Thanks for a great presentation!!! Oh! Where is that statue of Constantine located ? Thanks again.

  • @malicant123
    @malicant123 2 года назад +7

    Genuine question. If, when Constantine tore off his purple regalia and charged into his death, would you have followed him knowing that you would die?

  • @FieldHoodGaming
    @FieldHoodGaming 2 года назад +4

    One last charge, honorable ending for a great empire with thousands of years existence.

  • @ostrio
    @ostrio 3 года назад +6

    It's sad that Constantine wasn't able to mary our princess(the portuguese) it would be awensome to say that we mary the romans i wonder what if they married would we help with our navy in 1453? Now that would be glourious

  • @creamycereal
    @creamycereal 4 года назад +31

    Yo don’t worry he’s chilling with me and Aurelian in Elysia stillicho hanging with Trajan it’s all good here 😎

  • @NickariusSN
    @NickariusSN Год назад +1

    It's not Constantine the XI' that is said to be the marble Emperor. Constantine was distinguished among the dead after the siege by his unique greaves. The Marble Emperor is St.Ioannes Vatatzes the Merciful. He was, as you figured out, the one saintized by the church, and one of the very late emperors, just like Constantine, thats why people tend to confuse the two, or even not even know about Vatatze's existance at all. With a springle of an epic last stand and sacrifice, people make it out that Constantine is the one who recieved divine intervention.

  • @Eddy1938-b
    @Eddy1938-b 2 года назад +5

    If only Romulus Augustulus (or Nepos depending on who you ask) gave us such a heroic end for the end

    • @iDeathMaximuMII
      @iDeathMaximuMII 2 года назад +6

      Romulus Augustulus was a boy when he was overthrown. Hench why he's called Augustulus (meaning "Little Augustus") so he's out of the question for heroics

  • @Alfred_Atheling
    @Alfred_Atheling 3 года назад +2

    I was wondering about the Englishman named Constantine and if there’s an article or something online I can read about him, I’m writing a historical fiction novel about an immortal Anglo-Saxon prince who joins the Varangian guard and tries to protect his peoples new home, Nova Anglia.

    • @charadradam9985
      @charadradam9985 3 года назад +2

      it was a common name those times and even now

  • @SA41959
    @SA41959 Год назад

    Mehmet did offer to spare his life just before conquering the city if he surrendered, and would allow him to establish himself elsewhere. Mehmet also promised not to punish the populace of Constantinople if they willingly surrendered but Constantine refused. He knew what would happen to his people so I’m not convinced about the last part where he would essentially rather die than see his people suffer because there was the choice to spare them.

  • @alikhidzam3749
    @alikhidzam3749 4 года назад +11

    Damn it's like the Battle of Berlin

  • @goodfella5654
    @goodfella5654 4 года назад +7

    Hes grandfather was Konstantin Dragaš, serbian noble.

  • @medievalhistorybuff
    @medievalhistorybuff 4 года назад +6

    You deserve more subscribers

  • @TheDeeryboy
    @TheDeeryboy Год назад

    Constantine was a man who was aware of his immense power alive and after death. Respect

  • @justinpachi3707
    @justinpachi3707 5 лет назад +2

    Is this a reupload?

  • @MarkusTronsg
    @MarkusTronsg 2 года назад

    There is an anachronistic depiction at 11:35 of Saint Sophia with minarets.

  • @khada6226
    @khada6226 2 года назад +4

    Roman empire: i might lose but i wont i wont lose without a bang

    • @Joanropo
      @Joanropo 10 месяцев назад

      "I won't go quietly into that good night"

  • @jacobcantrell82
    @jacobcantrell82 5 лет назад +13

    A big F for my boi.

  • @zahirhussain5913
    @zahirhussain5913 Год назад +1

    Constantine-XI betrayed orthodox Church.

  • @xcreenzm8
    @xcreenzm8 4 года назад +6

    The Marble Emperor

  • @killercd7682
    @killercd7682 5 лет назад +1

    Great video thanks

  • @Herstal8389
    @Herstal8389 3 года назад +4

    Chad constantine vs virgin mehmed

  • @FaustSu-xg8fe
    @FaustSu-xg8fe Год назад +1

    ah, 570years ago

  • @charadradam9985
    @charadradam9985 3 года назад +4

    ΄΄ καταφύγιο όλων των χριστιανών, ελπίδα και χαρά πάντων των Ελλήνων΄΄ Constantine Palaiologos, 1453, included in one of his last speeches when he refers to the importance of the city.. better the barbarians should check up the meaning..

  • @onetwothreefourfive12345
    @onetwothreefourfive12345 3 года назад +5

    They died with honour

  • @garygardener2138
    @garygardener2138 3 года назад +5

    Let down by the cowards of europe 😬

  • @jkelsey555
    @jkelsey555 Год назад

    Not to be a stickler, but I think John VIII's final wife, Maria Komnenos was the last empress, not Dragas.

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  Год назад +1

      You are right, Maria was the last empress. However, she was dead in 1439 and so Helena Dragas was the last women to bear the title of Empress though she was dowager-empress.

  • @dimostychalas9716
    @dimostychalas9716 5 лет назад +5

    Greek catholic church?

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  5 лет назад +12

      The Eastern Catholic Church in the East. Those Catholics in the East that adhear to the doctrine of Rome be they Greeks, Ukrainians, Serbs, etc. Remember Constantine XI was Catholic.

    • @LancetFencing
      @LancetFencing 4 года назад

      Eastern Roman History Demos Tychalas I doubt he was Catholic. Just because you have a british accent doesn’t make you credible.

    • @aokiaoki4238
      @aokiaoki4238 4 года назад +8

      Catholic is a Greek word and title, adopted by Catholics

    • @patriarchprime
      @patriarchprime 4 года назад +3

      @@EasternRomanHistory in this video you explained that he became anti unionist, which Dukas and Sphrantzes both emphasize with his repentance

    • @paulmayson3129
      @paulmayson3129 3 года назад +1

      @@aokiaoki4238
      And grossly misused as well...

  • @sandrinamn3797
    @sandrinamn3797 Год назад +2

    The last empereror ... He was half roman half Serbian.

  • @RPe-jk6dv
    @RPe-jk6dv 2 года назад +3

    in fact he was the last emperor of the rhomaoi, id est the greeks who called themselfs "romans:"

  • @cpegg5840
    @cpegg5840 4 года назад +18

    Amongst the holiest of all the Martyrs in Christ. A brave emperor who refused to betray our Lord Jesus Christ, and defended the holy city of Constantinople until he was wickedly slain by soldiers of Satan. He now dwells at the river that flows by the throne of God.

    • @atrides7
      @atrides7 4 года назад

      +++++++++

    • @ashtonhaggitt216
      @ashtonhaggitt216 3 года назад +1

      Lol delusional.

    • @kostaspappas9655
      @kostaspappas9655 3 года назад

      He was son of Leonidas of Sparta. His last words-answer- to Mehmed was:Τὸ δὲ τὴν πόλιν σοι δοῦναι, οὔτ’ ἐμόν ἐστιν οὔτ’ ἄλλου τῶν κατοικούντων ἐν ταύτῃ· κοινῇ γὰρ γνώμῃ πάντες αὐτοπροαιρέτως ἀποθανοῦμεν καὶ οὐ φεισόμεθα τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν».
      "To give you the CITY it is not in my power and in no one who lives here. Our common opinion is willingly to die and dont spare our lives...."
      And then the Barbarians entered Constantinoupoli,.
      Every barbarian at this time, when asked:where are you going? the answer always was "εισ την Πολιν", "ish tin poli", "ishtinpoli", "istabul".

  • @mylifeisgoodgg
    @mylifeisgoodgg 5 лет назад +18

    CONSTANTINVS PALAIOLOGVS REX ROMANVM ET HELLENVS

    • @kyriakospapadopoulos6289
      @kyriakospapadopoulos6289 5 лет назад

      Freddie Mercury Romaios he signed. Never ever Hellen!

    • @nodspruductionss3812
      @nodspruductionss3812 4 года назад +3

      @@kyriakospapadopoulos6289 διαβασε τον τελευταιο του λογο. Ρωμιος και ελλην ειναι το ιδιο πραγμα, δε καταλαβενω γιατι δημιουργει συνχιση...

    • @kyriakospapadopoulos6289
      @kyriakospapadopoulos6289 4 года назад

      @@nodspruductionss3812 Αυτά παθαίνει κανείς, όταν δεν γνωρίζει τις πηγές...ο λεγόμενος ``Τελευταίος λόγος'' του Κων. ια' Παλαιολόγου είναι παρμένος από τον ψευδο-Σφραντζή, και ΟΧΙ από τον γνήσιο Σφραντζή (Βραχύ χρονικό). Τον συνέγραψε ο Μακάριος Μελισσηνός/Μελισσουργός, δεκαετίες μετά την Άλωση (διάβασε τα έργα του Marios Philippides / Amhrest, Massachuchets, για την γλωσσολογική μελέτη και τις αποδείξεις). Το δε Γραικός δεν είναι παρά το ητικός του Ρωμαίος. Όταν οι Φράγκοι, φερειπείν, μιλούν για Γραικούς, δεν αναφέρονται στους αρχαιοέλληνες, αλλά στους Ρωμαίους. Ο Μελισσηνός/Μελισσουργός, με την ομάδα του στην Νάπολη, μετέφρασαν κείμενα από τα λατινικά, τα σλαυικά, τα ιταλικά, και συνέθεσαν το Μεγάλο Χρονικό, στο οποίο (ΕΙΔΙΚΑ στο βιβλίο περί της Αλώσεως!!) αναφέρονται πολλά ψευδεπίγραφα γεγονότα!

    • @nodspruductionss3812
      @nodspruductionss3812 4 года назад +3

      @@kyriakospapadopoulos6289 Δηλαδη για να καταλαβω που το πας, θεωρεις πως ειμαστε ρωμαιοι, και πως ο τιτλος ελληνες μας φορεθηκε απο τη δυση μετα την ανεξαρτισια για να μη μας κοψει πιθανους επεκτατισμους;

    • @kyriakospapadopoulos6289
      @kyriakospapadopoulos6289 4 года назад +2

      @@nodspruductionss3812 Αγαπητέ, σε προσκαλώ να κάνεις αυτές τις ερωτήσεις στο μπλογκ του Σμερδαλέου: smerdaleos.wordpress.com/ όπου θα βρεις πάρα πολλούς ιστορικούς και γλωσσολόγους, διεθνούς φήμης, στα σχόλια...

  • @nergnera5205
    @nergnera5205 2 года назад +2

    I DID FIVE MINUTE AGO MY SALAT-NAMAZ (PRAY OF ISLAM) TO ALLAH IN HAGIA SOPHIA OF MY ISTANBUL ... I THANK TO ALLAH AS SINGLE GOD... NOT THREE... NOT A HUMAN... NOT A FATHER... NOT A SON ... NOT COMPREHENSIBLE.... IN HAGIA SOPHIA MOSQUE ALL GREEK IDOLS WAS COVERED BY CURTAINS... EVERYWHERE SMELLS ROSES... THE AZAN ECHOS IN EVERYWHERE... I REMEMBERED SULTAN MUHAMMED 2...I THOUGHT PROPHETS OF ALLAH... I THINK ABRAHAM, MOSES, JESUS, DAVID, JOSEPH, MUHAMMED... I AGAIN THANK TO ALLAH FOR RIGHT WAY OF HIM... ISTANBUL IS ETERNAL CAPITAL OF TURK ISLAM EMPIRE...

    • @killuminati470
      @killuminati470 2 года назад +1

      You're right.sending love from east 🙏

    • @Lvisredalin
      @Lvisredalin 10 месяцев назад

      No longer covered by curtains. You still pray under the icon of Mary and infant Jesus. Muslims praying under icons 🤣

  • @jasonjason-b7i
    @jasonjason-b7i 3 месяца назад

    Happy Birthday John 10/31

  • @knight.templer20
    @knight.templer20 3 года назад +4

    "If this city falls I will fall with it " by constantine 🔥

  • @thegrimmarcher202
    @thegrimmarcher202 4 года назад +6

    *crys in romanian*

  • @Gfyxnkkzssndbdhdj
    @Gfyxnkkzssndbdhdj 2 года назад +1

    Where do the descendants of Constantine XI live??

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  2 года назад +3

      Actually, the descendants of Thomas Palaiologos, moved first to Italy and then to England. Constantine XI had no children.

    • @Gfyxnkkzssndbdhdj
      @Gfyxnkkzssndbdhdj 2 года назад +2

      @@EasternRomanHistory Who was Thomas Palaiologos??

    • @EasternRomanHistory
      @EasternRomanHistory  2 года назад +2

      @@Gfyxnkkzssndbdhdj Thomas was the younger brother of John VIII and Constantine XI. He was the Despot of Achaea.

  • @Synystr7
    @Synystr7 5 лет назад +4

    Empire Earth music loool

  • @boredhi3454
    @boredhi3454 3 года назад +4

    There is a prophesy of Constantine XI Palaiologos

  • @Tommykey07
    @Tommykey07 4 года назад

    If only he hadn't threatened to release Orhan.

    • @TheBlackCat352
      @TheBlackCat352 4 года назад +10

      Wouldn’t have mattered anyways, Mehmed was hellbent on capturing Constantinople since he was born, Constantine’s threat just made the city’s fate come slightly closer.

  • @Redknight-i3b
    @Redknight-i3b 8 месяцев назад

    He has died on the 29th of May than is my birthday

  • @zahirhussain5913
    @zahirhussain5913 Год назад

    Fraudulent and peace breaker emperor : 1
    However, Emperor Constantine’s diplomatic relations with Venice ( in Italy) were complicated by his aggressive actions toward the republic while despot of the Morea ( in Greece). Specifically, Constantine’s capture of Patras ( Greece), a port city in the Moreote northwest, irritated Venice ( catholic)and characterized the future emperor as a maverick. In the fifteenth century, the city of Patras was administered by its Latin archbishop, Pandolfo Malatesta, under the suzerainty of the Papacy. The Venetians briefly held possession of the city between 1408 and 1419, but sold the city to the Latin ruler of Epiros, Carlo II Tocco, who later placed the city under Rome’s protection. However, the Venetians still coveted Patras as a commercial center and conducted a brisk trade within the city. They also still viewed the city as a target for Venetian territorial expansion in the Morea, as Patras was located across the Corinthian Gulf from their base of Naupaktos.
    However, after John VIII established his brother Constantine in the northwest Morea as despot, the port city was a prime target for him as well. The despot did not waste time attacking the city. Constantine moved against Patras in 1428, shortly after his arrival in the Morea. However, even with the aid of his brothers John and Thomas, the despot could not capture the city. He accepted instead an annual tribute of 500 gold coins from the city’s defenders. While the Venetians in Naupaktos were not pleased with this arrangement between Patras and Despot Constantine, it still allowed them to maintain their commercial ties to the city as before.
    Constantine’s subsequent actions surprised Venetian observers. Almost immediately, he laid siege to the city once again, this time with a larger, more committed army. The despot actively engaged the defenders, barely escaping death during a skirmish when archers killed his horse from under him. After a brief but intense struggle, the defenders and the despot reached an agreement, since the bishop was traveling through Italy during Constantine’s sieges of Patras. If he did not return after a month, the defenders would surrender to Constantine and proclaim him their overlord. When the metropolitan did not return in the allotted time, Patras surrendered to Despot Constantine, although the city’s citadel, defended by men loyal to the bishop (including some
    Venetians), did not surrender for another twelve months. Constantine’s occupation of Patras annoyed the Venetians and frustrated their plans for domination over the city. In addition, the Byzantine capture of Patras threatened the status of Venetian mercantile interests in the city, as the despot could force new taxes to finance his further Moreote campaigns. Despot Constantine’s actions against Patras would become important after his accession to the throne in 1449, as the military campaign established him as a maverick in Venetian eyes. Even twenty years later (1453), the Republic of Venice viewed Constantine as a threat to their possessions in Greece and throughout the Levant, and was reluctant to provide him with aid. "
    Source:
    Thesis: Foreign relations and the end of byzantium - the use of personal diplomacy during the reign of Constantine-XI Palaiologs. (1448-1453)
    Thesis submitted in University of Michigan on 2006
    Author: Adam William Hellebuyck.
    Page: 83,84

    • @Lvisredalin
      @Lvisredalin 10 месяцев назад

      You keep spamming all of this. But the truth is he was a heroic emperor that died fighting against foreign oppression.

    • @zahirhussain5913
      @zahirhussain5913 10 месяцев назад

      @@Lvisredalin
      Not foreign oppressor but cousin of Kingdom of Constantinople

    • @Lvisredalin
      @Lvisredalin 10 месяцев назад

      @@zahirhussain5913 Nope. If we go by your logic then turks are bloody turks and chinese. Even if it was a "cousin" kingdom you still have the right to defend against it. If your cousin is a serial killers of course you should defend yourself against him.

  • @Rocinante2300
    @Rocinante2300 5 лет назад +3

    Pardon?

  • @Primzebra_01
    @Primzebra_01 2 года назад

    Great wonderful video greeting from Macedonia 🇲🇰🥰🌹Thank you

    • @sgeosg
      @sgeosg 2 года назад +3

      You mean the Fake one i see

    • @sgourkon8742
      @sgourkon8742 Год назад +1

      ​@@sgeosgIt's Mc' Donalds flag 😂

  • @bosniencommie1202
    @bosniencommie1202 4 года назад

    You men justinian the grate

  • @JamesJJSMilton
    @JamesJJSMilton 3 года назад +2

    A good emperor in a bad empire.

  • @solidus1995
    @solidus1995 3 года назад +4

    Christianity destroyed rome. In its final moments as an imperial power it was ultimately executed not by the ottomans but by its brothers who refused to help unless they all reverted to their sect.

    • @reidparker1848
      @reidparker1848 3 года назад +9

      What a ridiculous take, although you don't look quite like the usual neopagan fool... There were many factors leading to it's fall, but do you really think some paganistic crap would have prevented the Muslims frrom being their bloodthirsty selves? But to you, I'm sure religious faiths are of no more weight than ice cream flavors, and the Byzantines should've picked chocolate paganism instead of strawberry Christianity.

    • @august8696
      @august8696 3 года назад +3

      the west attempted a rescue with the crusade of varna. you’re ridiculous

    • @GOF-pk9mg
      @GOF-pk9mg 3 года назад +1

      @@reidparker1848 in fact if rome was still pagan that would probaly divide europe more and cause a premature end

    • @nikiforos7145
      @nikiforos7145 2 года назад

      The west betrayed him.did not send help

  • @randommuslim2149
    @randommuslim2149 4 года назад +2

    When Mehmed left the sanctuary, he asked for the
    grand duke who was immediately brought forth. He approached
    and made obeisance, and then Mehmed spoke to him, "Did you
    do well not to surrender the city? Behold the damage and ruin!
    Behold the captivity of so many!" The duke replied, "Lord, we
    did not have the authority to give you the City. The emperor
    himself did not have that authority. When he heard the name of the emperor, he
    asked if he had escaped in the ships. The duke replied that he
    did not know because he was posted at the Imperial Gate when
    the Turks, who entered by the Gate of Charisios, encountered
    the emperor. Two youths from the army now stepped forward.
    The first informed the tyrant, "Lord, I slew him. I was in a
    hurry to enter the City with my companions to search for plunder, so I left him behind dead." The second youth added,
    "I struck him the first blow." The tyrant ordered both men to
    bring back the emperor's head. Running swiftly, they found
    him, and cutting off his head, they presented it to the ruler. The
    tyrant inquired of the grand duke, "Tell me truthfully if this is
    the head of your emperor." Upon careful examination, he
    answered, "It is his, Lord." Others saw it too and recognized it.
    Then they affixed it to the Column of the Augustaion, and it
    remained there until evening. Afterward, the skin was peeled off
    and stuffed with straw, and Mehmed sent it around, exhibiting
    the symbol of his triumph to the chief of the Persians and
    Arabs, and to all the other Turks.

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +10

      His body was never found

    • @randommuslim2149
      @randommuslim2149 4 года назад

      @@Vaelar2007 Of course it was never found because the conquerors cleaned the city and got rid off the christians bodies

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +15

      Zainuddin bc when he charged into the turks he wasn't wearing imperial clothes so he was seen as a regular soldier

    • @randommuslim2149
      @randommuslim2149 4 года назад

      @@Vaelar2007 The grand duke identified the body of constantine, his head was decapitated and exposed for all to see. Yes, we dont what they did to his body and head after that

    • @Vaelar2007
      @Vaelar2007 4 года назад +11

      Zainuddin the grand Duke of Constantine was killed in the final ottoman charges into the city once again Constantine XI Palaiologos Dragas/Dragras his body was never found historians have agreed he died in a last charge into the ottomans while doing that not wearing imperial clothes meaning when he was slayed he was seen as a regular soldier maybe low rank officer.

  • @hyrijemaliqi3314
    @hyrijemaliqi3314 3 года назад +1

    Lol they lost

  • @roleplayinggamer795
    @roleplayinggamer795 4 года назад +4

    Allahu Akbar

    • @ervinmestan786
      @ervinmestan786 3 года назад +2

      Lol, I see now that you are butthurt. It was a waste trying to talk to you. You have to be a degenerate to hate the phrase Allahu Akbar.

    • @davidmc1084
      @davidmc1084 3 года назад +2

      I always think of that phrase when Israelis are bombing the hell out of Hamas. :)

  • @snakebite9761
    @snakebite9761 3 года назад

    thank God it capured and well preserved by the Muslims started by Ottomans, we barely see it whole now if it was captured twice by the catholic crusaders 🤣🤣😂😂