"Theory is when everything is known, but nothing works. Practice is when everything works, but no one knows why. We combine theory and practice: nothing works and no one knows why!" Albert Einstein Sean Carroll have not read "Time Matters eBook".
There is a symbiotic relationship between consumerism and industrialization. But clean energy and green transition are not intrinsic parts of this equation because reversing the climate digression does not generate income. One way of integrating environmental issues is by considering the climate as a commodity that has its own fungible and tradable value. And convincing customers that the most desirable commodity is the climate and that climate currency supersedes the value of any other commodity.
Hmmm maybe because Oxygen gives both birth and rebirth but also is a very volatile carbon element…meaning energy is not created nor destroyed. And we all know the term “oxidation.” What is that? Hmmmm oxygen, oxidation… hmmmm. So oxygen both provides life and at the same time kill’s biological material. we know when everything is crumbling around us. And you’re an idiot because there’s more than 3 dimensions and that’s the simple conclusion of moving a spacecraft from the ground to past the atmosphere. You don’t need to be a biologist or scientist at all when it comes to energy. We cannot create nor destroy it. Simple as that. Let’s not forget Trump saying “clean coal”😂😂😂haha I love it. What a fucking idiot. Let’s not forget there’s an entire county burning because of coal and it’s still on fire 30 years after. Sounds familiar right? “Anti-oxidation or anti-oxidants” hmmm interesting. 😂and what has the drug and food administration done ? Nothing to fix the problem we have. And when was that? Oh during the four year trump one time president 😂
“Thermal equilibrium is found in a test tube” doesn’t have anything to do with real solar rays. It’s a fake truck republicans use because when solar panels are finally set up they do actually work. But so many of these asshole republicans have money invested in coal and oil (thank you bush 😂 you didn’t do anything)
Also - with the expansion of spacetime - is the entropy of the universe REALLY increasing? Is the expansion itself a byproduct of increasing entropy? Perhaps space, as a medium, can only accommodate so much entropy per unit of “density” and expands elastically when more entropy is dumped into it?
Entropy isn't really a physical thing, like you can't hold a unit of entropy. It's just a way we describe arrangements of things that do exist, like atoms and the changes between their relative states of energy. In this case, maybe it would be less the entropy doing the expansion, but more likely the atoms or the energy. Maybe!
You could imagine the box at 3:38 to be expanding, meaning that the distance between balls is increasing but the relative distances staying constant. Since entropy really measure your failure to predict the state of the total system knowing a tiny part of it, then by this picture it should be constant (maybe), we should keep investigating.
what about 'Stop engines' -- instead of speeding up - why not slow an object relative to the space time curve ? - multiplying the various speeds of galactic forces ( solar , galaxy , local group speed) we could travel much further than lightspeed if all those variables in "motion" are taken into account... cheers thanks -- send the Nobel prize to po box ....
I love your explanation, Sean Carroll. It is a keeper. Personally, I am making difference between time and timing. While time is immeasurable, timing is within a measurable scope.
The general population does that with everything, and as a result we live in a world of people who think they know everything about everything, because they spent a day learning about it on some random videos lol But because they simplified it so much it completely misses the point... If your foundations of study aren't done correctly then your end result will be wrong. Time, for me... Is just the measurement of motion But I'm not an expert in this area, and I never pretend that I am... Shame no one else these days can say that about any subject at all, everyone thinks they know everything because they read about it in Wikipedia lol Or because a Liberal college told them it so don't question it just obey lol
If you think on flat spacetime then they are not So different; for two events on the universe to be causal with each other, there Must be a difference on time, but you must also specify how far they are separated. So causality is a property shared by events with specific time And space separations. If light can connect those events, then they are causal.
@Daz this is basically what i find it to be as and when you really think about it the way we measure times with clocks the units of measurement are the tools themselves, the clock hands, and we based that off the sun, our rotations and revolutions around it and narrowed it down more but really we're just measuring change, we just measure the change of everything by using our constants for change, translating it like we translate imperial to metric, etc. How something so simple can also be so complex and amazing is just... amazing. I can't think of another word right now, but I just love the thought.
"The answer to the question of what time actually is, is still not apparent here. Time is defined as the sequence or collection of events, but what exactly is an 'event'? If everything is made of matter and by that made of energy, and there is a fundamental relation between time and energy. Then this same relation holds universally as long time and energy are related. What I propose, in this comment section, is that time and energy are not two separate physical quantities but are in fact interdependent. Time is the change of Energy. A change in the energy of a system, Entropy, is what registers as an event and that event registers as time." - Keyboard Physicist
I think it's not a Big bang which gave us "Time" it's the time in which a Big Bang happened among many Big bangs like in an "Eternal Time". (Big bangs) are Consequence of time. It's like It's the time in which Everything is happening every moment it is happening or may be it was Just "Nothingness" and a moment happens where the Nothingness for the first time "Oscillated" and that created the physicality hence ( The / A Big bang Got Time to happen in lap of "Space" . Because there is "Time" distance is possible, we can only move From point A to point B only if time allows the space for physicality to Move from one place to another, it's like " Now & Then" not Here & There. Without Now & Then Here & There cannot Happen . Just a Humble Thought. May Nothingness Bless us All.❤
Lost me after, "What I propose...". Maybe I'm just not smart enough or flexible enough, but after that phrase it sounds as clear as mud. (To preserve my ego I'm recalling that Bohr, Thompson, Rutherford, etc had no clue about things we take for granted today- thanks to their efforts many years ago.)
@@brucemiller1696 Then again this question comes , where is movement happening ? If you say space then what is allowing space to allow physical movement? Time as we know are just devices that were built by humans apart from that we keep and understand Time in Cyclical motion and whatever is cyclical in motion has a natural tendency to go away from its core as it creates "Centrifugal force". When that string breaks which held the physicality in the Cyclical Motion then it's an eternal Time where all the creation is happening! Time is only relevant until we are dealing in physics aspect of the universe the moment we disengage from physical aspect we do not need time. Why everything decays as time passes? If we sit on a chair for 3 hours even if our mind doesn't tell but our body would remind us of time all the limbs and bones would start paining , that's how physical aspect of universe keeps the measurement of time. There is no "Here and there without Now and Then"!
@@shankhan6685 time started with the movement of the first atom. Time is measured the way anyone wants to measure it in the universe. On earth we measure by how the earth rotates. Same as someone on another planet across the galaxy. Their bodies are in sinc with their planet just as we are here. If you are trapped in a bubble seperate from the rest of the universe, your measurement of time is different than the outside world. Great episode.....captain janeway of star trek was trapped in another worlds spacial gravity. Starship and planet were in different times.
Have you heard of Brian Greene ? See, 'What was God doing before Creation?' from the channel Rational Believer. Probably you would get something more enlightening. Though there's a flaw in this question, its just for conceptualization.
@@wailinburnin Where does the time go go? "It's around in a circle shouldn't we know, the clock and the calendar tell us of it's way's 24 hours 365 days. So as for this mystery that's dumbfounded generations, it's just an illusion from the harnessing of Earth's rotations". Bruce Dillon.
He seems, to me, to make sense of things that have really puzzled me all my (very long) life. I am sincerely grateful that he's spent so much of his time and effort to do so.
@@JonnyUnderrated Yes. It was, as you stated in your well expressed, casual and throwaway style, 'cool'. I'm assuming that your comment was meant solely for me. I may be wrong with that assumption.
@@philjamieson5572 Your casual utilization of commas has thrown me for a proverbial "loop" , Phil. I was trying to ingest your verbage and je ne sais quois but they took me off guard and now I'm all messed up. But yes, I was trying to communicate with you Phil.
I had a question very related to this a few weeks ago: "How could life have come about if the entropy of a system has to increase?" The answer I found is that the entropy of a *part* of a system can decrease or stay the same if the entropy of a whole system continues to increase. And life, really, as he said, is a system that feeds off of entropy, we are fine tuned by the edge of evolution to adapt to change and to overcome it, in a reasonably stable solar system with a constant source of energy and somewhat constant conditions.
Exactly. Entropy is always increasing ON THE COSMIC SCALE. That doesn’t mean that occasionally local areas can experience a decrease in entropy. Living systems maintain a low entropy state only because they interact with their environment. The real mystery is what caused the low entropy state to begin with.
Sean Carroll's mind takes flight, Unraveling time's mysteries, day and night. Physics' dance, a mesmerizing show, With each tick and tock, new insights we'll know.
"And you run and you run to catch up with the sun as it's sinking. Racing around to come up behind you again. The sun is the same in a relative way but you're older. Shorter of breath, one day closer to death."
This video is a fascinating exploration of the interconnectedness of time and entropy. Sean Carroll does an excellent job of breaking down complex concepts and presenting them in a way that's accessible and thought-provoking. The idea that time is merely a label we use to distinguish events is mind-boggling, and the discussion on the arrow of time and its connection to the Big Bang is truly intriguing. I appreciate Carroll's challenge to the notion that life is a fight against increasing entropy, emphasizing that life actually owes its existence to the increase in entropy. It's a fresh perspective that opens up new possibilities for understanding the emergence of complexity in the universe. Overall, this video has sparked my curiosity and left me with a lot to ponder.
He did. But the gap between his level of knowledge and ours is so huge, that we can’t see the connection between our knowledge and what he’s explaining. So yeah. I think it requires so much prerequisites to understand him.
He kinda did in the sense that by talking about the physics of 'evolving systems of energy', he made the concept of 'time' completely redundant. What he forgot to mention was, whether the perfume is in the bottle or spread out across the universe, it will _always_ be an evolving configuration of energy: there is _no_ 'equilibrium' for _any_ dynamic system because it will _always_ be changing its configuration. Energy causes 'change' and 'change' is what we perceive as the flow of time.
I just finished watching "The mind-bending physics of time" by Sean Carroll and I have to say, I really enjoyed his unique perspective on the subject. I found it fascinating how he was able to explain such a complex topic in a way that was easy to understand. I particularly liked how he delved into the concept of time being a "block" and how this theory can help to reconcile some of the discrepancies in our current understanding of physics. Overall, I thought it was a thought-provoking and enlightening video and I highly recommend it to anyone interested in the nature of time.
I'm especially fascinated by the idea time itself does not exist but is an emerging property of entropy, which also only goes in one direction. For some reason, that one feels right to me. Why, can't say.
If that would be true, at a blue shift (not a red shift) time would go backwards as entropy gets lower. but It does not. Entropy is an emergent phenomena from complex systems. It shares a lot with time but is not time it self nor does time emerges from it.
@@blijebij Entropy and time only go in one direction so there's no going backwards and it's an idea many physicists suspect is correct. The universe started at a very low entropy state and only increases, which this vid discusses.
@@willbrink If entropy makes time goes forwards then when entropy goes lower, blue shift time should go backwards. It does not. What I find more logic that entropy is a big part of change, you could even say is linked to most changes in the universe. Time is linked to all changes in the universe. So they seem to fall almost always in one line. So its easy to think entropy is time. But quantum fields occilate, thats why particle pairs pop out of the vacuum of space. Quantum fields will always occilate but that doesnt mean automatically entropy rises for a quantum system. So not all process work by entropy. One thing I realize though from our talk (pondering over it) that you are correct when you link this to spacetime. Then indeed entropy and time always fall in to one line up. But for quantum fields this does not have to be so. So within spacetime if u take just that compartment, you are right.
@@blijebij Bottom line is we don't know, which is amazing considering like gravity (something else we know amazingly little about...) it's what we experience every day of our lives. There's also theory time is an emergent property of quantum fields, and others. Time and gravity are interrelated also, exactly how, also unclear. If they could just find that graviton... :)
The issue I have with a lot of these explanations is that the argument we have for existence is that we were very “low entropy” (order) when matter was spread across the cosmos, but then things became more complex when “high entropy” (chaos) and the evenness became unevenness in planets and creatures. That chaos made things that were, by their very nature, more complex, but that level of complexity requires vast amounts of energy to maintain in a stable order (low entropy). Since things move from order to disorder (second law of thermodynamics), you have to have some unique situation where disorder becomes order, you need some force pushing back high entropy to create a low entropy environment. We know the 2nd law is still in effect as if we leave a complex being or machine to sit, it becomes less complex, eventually non-functional, and then eventually breaks down into its simplest molecules. So what introduced the low entropy system, what maintains it, and how long does it continue unless something invests in it?
Yes. And if there was a big bang, why? What initiated it? Something never comes from nothing. Before the big bang, what? Gases swirling around? WHERE DID THEY COME FROM? It's maddening, not to know.
This is correct. Time is emergent and the measurement of the comparison of rates of change. Time is not an energy or force that asserts itself on objects. Milk does not got bad because 2 days have past, it is because of bacteria and heat energy, we are just able to expect a similar result, having previously seen a certain amount of days or hours pass under similar circumstances.
It is a theory. "Theory" in science means something totally different than it does in popular language. "Theory" is moreso a framework for which to think about something (such as the beginning of the universe). The Big Bang "Theory" will most likely never become a "law" because we cannot observe or experiment with the beginning of the universe.
@ I’m aware what Theory means and thanks to the ground breaking technology of ChatGpt, I can harness the energy of my key pad and type in a series of letters and words to find the exact meaning of Theory in a scientific sense. I’m not a fan of perspectives based in “actuality” when they’re mere speculation. That is all I will say in regard to the definition of Theory and this Video. 🕺🕺🕺
The “Big Bang Theory” is a high horse the atheist scientific community straddles to justify their research from an Empirical standpoint, But, even observation has its bounds. We assume we have the capabilities to observe anything outside our senses. Just in the way we need special tools to detect radio waves. Though, tools were used to form the Big Bang theory, those same tools were used to analyze one area of observation. “The more I learn, the more I realize how much I don’t know” -Albert Einstein
Bingo! All of our daily experience exists in our minds. Only rigorous science can show us some of the approximations of reality that is independent of our minds
Time is fascinating. I worked the subway stations for nearly 10 years. From one end of the city to the other. Every so often I would notice the city would be saying that, "Today just flew by" or "The day was just dragging along." How can an entire city complain about the same time paradox unless it was effected by it. Maybe a time distorted bubble the earth passes through in its revolution around the sun. Maybe random waves of time distortion hitting the earth? Maybe they're randomly given off by the sun. Maybe they're from outside our Terran system and reach us in intervals. ???? Ti-i-i-ime, is on my side. Yes, it is!
I would rather suspect a bias of confirmation on your part, I'm sorry. For one if time stretches, then our perception of time should stretch with it, shouldn't it ? Well, maybe not. But there are other factors to take into account. The whole city is subject to the same weather, it's the same day of the week for everybody (monday VS saturday, the mood differs). Plus city-wide, nation-wide events affecting the mood. All the people taking the subway at the same time, probably have a common lifestyle (working day jobs), they are linked socially. Etc.
@@yan-amar that's fine. You don't have to believe me. Great part of this is, this "phenomenon" is reoccurring. Just spend a year or two in the subway. Rush hours are best. Stopping at every station on the line. From students to working class to business class. You get to hear how an entire city's day went. After a year or two, you'll see it, too. The pattern in the chaos. ;-P
@@yan-amar while everything you say about social uniformity and cultural synchronicity is true, time _does_ stretch. Or to be precise, matter travelling through spacetime _shrinks._ But time itself does have elastic properties, beyond merely those of relative perception. As Einstein showed in special relativity, and as has been proven in every experiment ever conducted since the theory was published in 1905, how you move through space affects the way that time passes. Specifically, the faster one moves through space, the slower one moves through time. There is a very precise trade-off that occurs in order for the universe to maintain an upper-limit on the speed that matter can move through it - namely, 291,000,000 metres per second - the speed of light. Travelling at the speeds we do here on Earth the effect is almost unnoticeable, though for a few thousand dollars you can buy clocks accurate enough to see for yourself. At the speed that satellites orbit the Earth, around 27,000 Kph, the effect is strong enough that Google maps would be a useless app if the effects weren’t adjusted for. And should you travel out to Alpha Centauri at about half the speed of light before returning home to Earth again, you’d find that everyone back home had aged by about 40 years, while you had only aged 5. Einstein showed that time is personal, that there is no such thing as a universal time (as Newton had believed), and that it doesn’t even make sense to say that there is a “same” moment of time for any two objects in the universe. There’s a 5pm in NYC for you, but only you. Time is personal - the faster you move through space, the slower you move through time. Trippy, but absolutely true. Cheers!
@@yan-amar I should have added that the shrinking and expanding component is called ‘length contraction’, when travelling at relativistic speeds matter experiences time dilation (the slowing of time), and length contraction (where matter is ‘squashed’ in the direction of momentum. Again, here on Earth, and travelling at our speeds, the effect is completely imperceptible. Driving a car on the HWY for example, will reduce its total length by about the width of a proton… Yeah, I wouldn’t worry about that one too much either :/
I believe you. I'm far from your location, but I noticed the same thing, not in a subway but in live as a whole. I even got to name it, I call it "wave" or maybe a " low or high center of pressure" of some sort as in the atmosphere but of course not related to weather. I even avoided some corners or gas station because I "felt" as if a particular location "brings" a certain mood or even to happens. I though sometimes myself a bit superstitious for this but here you are talking about the same thing.
The steady increase in entropy, in addition to being beneficial as you point out, helps us keep track of cosmological time and explains a lot of the local features of time (aging, ice melting, etc.) That increase is something that takes place in time; not something that explains time. Suppose someone pokes a hole into a whole nuther Kosmos and the total entropy of this K begins to decrease as a result. We can speak of the time before and after this happened. Time's arrow survives.
When someone says “ meet me a 42ed. and 7th., at such and such a date at 7:30 PM, what do they really mean? They mean when both of our watches (a mechanical device which are presumably synchronized) reach what what we have previously agreed is 7:30 on a specific date again previously agreed upon, we will show up at an agreed place on the map in NYC. It’s purely a convention designed to organize human activity. Nothing more.
I think time seems to slow down when you're engaged in transformative activities. The constant changes in your environment fill your time with memorable moments, making you feel like you've actually made good use of your time. When nothing changes in your life, the relative change between one moment to another is small, and so your time speeds up. You've few moments to look back on and it feels like you've wasted your time.
I wish I actually knew if reaching a state of maximum entropy would mean that there is no longer Mass and therefore no longer time but I am extremely impressed with Roger penrose's conformal cyclic cosmology theory it's very impressive the way he was able to think out of the box on this one I really like the conformal geometry part also I wish I was better qualified to like it even better or just say no this is wrong
I hear you. I have been impressed of sir Penroses ccc theory. It just is impressive, and like u said out of the box thinking, challenging other scientists in a good way. Overall I have been fan of his thinking and I have watched some of his lectures from yt. You have a great taste 👍🏻😅
As per Indian Texts, one of basic fundamentals of this universe is "Vikaar" much similar concept like entropy but with a different meaning/reasoning. Vikaar means for everything in existence is going to decay/degenerate/get worse than before. Reason - the universe/consciousness has to spend x amount of energy to maintain things as they are. So in order to maintain the balance consciousness decides to produce new things and decayed things are used fertilizer for generation of new. Hence maintaining the process of creation and destruction at optimum levels.
Sean says the universe began at it's lowest state of entropy and has been getting higher and higher ever since. Entropy is defined as "a lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder." But when the universe began forming galaxies, solar systems, suns, and planets, it actually became far more ordered than how it began. It just stared out as a mass of unorganized matter and energy, then organized itself into the structures we see today. This seems to contradict what Sean is saying.
You’re misunderstanding entropy. Don’t look at individual galaxies and solar systems, you may look at the entire universe as a whole. You’re right, it initially started out as one glob (low entropy) and is spreading out and developing new celestial bodies over time (high entropy.) The matter on earth and in our solar system/galaxy has come from many, many dead stars and galaxies before us.
No... universe as a system is moving towards high entropy. There are local systems like stars, galaxies, crystals, organisms, etc. that are low entropy but the overall entropy of the universe system is always increasing.
@@6piyushc So the prediction is that all galaxies will eventually lose the ability to create new stars/solar systems? Have the Hubble or Webb telescopes been able detect galaxies that are in decline? If so, how do they determine that they're in decline?
When after the big bang a hot cloud of gas is expanding, it is also cooling down, so the entropy increases but nor that much. Then, when parts of the gas cloud is condensing to form stars, the temperature goes up. Here, condensing means entropy decreases and getting hot means entropy increases, and the net effect may be entropy increases but not that much. So far no obvious contradiction
The big mystery is that the arrow of time is the same everywhere and that it never ever changes. So time definitely has a direction. If you look at a pool table break on a video you can (with almost 100% perfect certainty) know the direction of time of the recording. No one needs to tell you. Ever. That you cannot tell from a small simple quantum physics event does not mean that it is not there. As soon as chance comes into play it can only go one way. So why is that? Because that is just how the universe works, in every single cubic cm of space we have ever looked at. I find that fascinating.
Yep. It doesn't exist, except as a manmade construct - a way of imposing order on events/action in order that we can make sense of it all and plan our lives . . But it is based on physical constants of atoms in order to be accurate, and therein lies the problem when we move too fast - near the speed of light, when the properties of atoms are so affected that the constants no longer apply/are changed.
I know that time isn't linear. We just think it is due to the limitations of human perception. I occasionally have dreams that come true. I'm not talking metaphorically, or about deja vu. I mean dreams that are very brief, but clear visions of random future moments. Just long enough to get the layout of a place or part of a sentence. It's never anything useful, like saving lives or winning lotto numbers. And I never know the context or how long it'll be before it happens. Sometimes it takes weeks, months, even years. I also have memories of moments that apparently never occurred (just like the Mandela Effect, but in my personal life), and objects have either moved or vanished entirely. As someone who studies science, the fact that I can't prove or replicate any of this is incredibly annoying. It sounds like symptoms of schizophrenia, but all the therapists I've had over the years have said no. My current therapist has even suggested I've attained some kind of spiritual awareness, but I don't what to think about that. My theories are that 1) all events are either happening simultaneously, and we can only understand them in a certain sequence. Or 2) multiple timelines exist simultaneously and sometimes interconnect, but the mind is supposed to remember only one at a time. I just wish there was a way to test them.
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I saved my self a lot of TIME by remembering that no one knows what it is. Therefore there is no point in watching this.
Hi Mr Carroll hope you doing good You gave us the wonderful explanation about universal facts but not at all but I can help you out with rest of the answers that you asked in this video. Because knowledge has to be shared.
Exactly what I thought, and commented about. Carroll says around 1:21 min that what time is, is not a question. But he doesn't explain what time is. So I can only deduce that he dosn't know what time is.....
This video explained almost nothing. He simply restates simple concepts in a way that makes it sounds insightful. Reminds me of The Onions "Onion Talks" videos.
I know nothing about what he's talking about, academically0 but I'm fascinated by all he's talking about. Understanding Space including earth is mind blowing. All Scientists have my admiration for what they have achieved in their respected fields in such a short time. On the shoulders of past giants 👽🖖
I see time as having 3 dimensions like space does. In fact, I believe it's really just another 3 dimensions of space. People think that you go forward and theoretically backward in time. I believe that moving through space makes you move through time. The changes we make in space change our direction in time. You're not going linearly forward through time as much as steering through it, like driving a car. When you turn your steering wheel in a car, you turn left or right in space, but you do the same in time. If you went "back in time" and turned left, you would see events that, to your perception, never happened, just as if you turned your car around and went back the way you came, but then turned onto a side street you did not traverse before, you would see things there that you didn't see before. If you stop completely in space, you might very well stop completely in time. We don't know how to stop in space, however, as we can only use bodies in space for reference, all of which are moving in an unknown absolute direction. We know what speed we are moving relative to the object on this planet around us. We know how fast our planet is moving relative to the sun and other planets. We know how fast our sun is moving relative to our galaxy. And we know how fast our galaxy is moving relative to other galaxies. But we don't know in what direction this whole swirl of activity of all of the galaxies collectively is ACTUALLY moving, or how fast. So while time might seem to be on autopilot, it is only as much as objects moving through space.
Physics can't actually explain entropy, because the exponential expansion and diversity of the universe is not only from the big bang, but also from the unseeable mesh interweaving the universe in complexity, that steers the direction of things not entirely based on physics or math. There is more that we don't know than we know, and physics is a limited study with alot of great answers, and alot of gaps without answers. There is a bigger encompassing undiscovered formula, that includes both quantum physics and gerneral relativity. .... but we don't know what it is yet.
I really want to hear the many speakers on Big Think, but the background music is too distracting. I realize that Big Think must believe this is adding to the show, but to me, a musician, it is not. I know they won''t stop, but wouldn't it be great if they made it so we could block out the music if we choose? I have to turn these wonderful speakers off because I am too distracted by the music.
Absolutely beautiful explanation. So when an object is able to escape the gravity of our giant vicinity toward another celestial sector with weak gravity (to do more,get old faster) or stronger gravity (to do less,stay as same age longer), that’s how time travel work, ie. Being away to deep space and missing out, either for long or short duration) of the time of those left behind in earth.
Enjoyed listening to this explanation of time and entropy that both started with the big bang. To state the obvious, both are also forms of organisation. 😊
Time is a mental construct which we create to separate events sequentially, so that we can exist and maneuver and navigate them. Truth is everything is all at once
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Watch our full interview, "The Universe in 90 Minutes," with Sean Carroll: ruclips.net/video/tM4sLmt1Ui8/видео.html
Pretty cool stuff! I like the direction this idea was taken in the “Rise Of The Moments” books by Carl L. Gabriel.
"Theory is when everything is known, but nothing works.
Practice is when everything works, but no one knows why.
We combine theory and practice: nothing works and no one knows why!" Albert Einstein
Sean Carroll have not read "Time Matters eBook".
We make up time in our heads to make sense of things we do every day, but time doesn't exist.
There is a symbiotic relationship between consumerism and industrialization. But clean energy and green transition are not intrinsic parts of this equation because reversing the climate digression does not generate income.
One way of integrating environmental issues is by considering the climate as a commodity that has its own fungible and tradable value. And convincing customers that the most desirable commodity is the climate and that climate currency supersedes the value of any other commodity.
Time isn't anything more than a human perception. A measurement between one event and another. The "phisics" of time is bunk.
Sean Carrol is so articulate and masterful at summarizing big concepts to the laymen. His Mindscape podcast is a true gem.
Articulateness and masterful summarization are not discovery. They are the tokens of entertainers and con men.
Hmmm maybe because Oxygen gives both birth and rebirth but also is a very volatile carbon element…meaning energy is not created nor destroyed. And we all know the term “oxidation.” What is that? Hmmmm oxygen, oxidation… hmmmm. So oxygen both provides life and at the same time kill’s biological material. we know when everything is crumbling around us. And you’re an idiot because there’s more than 3 dimensions and that’s the simple conclusion of moving a spacecraft from the ground to past the atmosphere. You don’t need to be a biologist or scientist at all when it comes to energy. We cannot create nor destroy it. Simple as that. Let’s not forget Trump saying “clean coal”😂😂😂haha I love it. What a fucking idiot. Let’s not forget there’s an entire county burning because of coal and it’s still on fire 30 years after. Sounds familiar right? “Anti-oxidation or anti-oxidants” hmmm interesting. 😂and what has the drug and food administration done ? Nothing to fix the problem we have. And when was that? Oh during the four year trump one time president 😂
“Thermal equilibrium is found in a test tube” doesn’t have anything to do with real solar rays. It’s a fake truck republicans use because when solar panels are finally set up they do actually work. But so many of these asshole republicans have money invested in coal and oil (thank you bush 😂 you didn’t do anything)
@@Sean420-f6l You're blathering.
@@Sean420-f6l You gibber.
I heard a really good time travel joke tomorrow.
i know, i laughed about it yesterday.....
Haha love it
Finally I found you.. aren't you telling about the joke I told you 2 years ago?
I’m not going to get it.
Please check your facts! I’m yet to tell that joke to you yesterday.
That perfume example was genius. Like many, I equated entropy with disorder, but now I realize that it's possibilities.
Now someone should bottle it - "Entropy, by Dior. Capture Time, Unleash Possibilities."
i could listen to him talk forever. it's so fascinating and intellectually stimulating, yet easy to understand.
I like Neil or Brian Coxs voice better
A man with this much interesting information can pass his all day talking with himself without a need of anyone.
I understood entropy so easy when he talks...if I had a teacher like him in school...I would loved to learn more.
Because he is explaining only the interesting parts of a boring sea... But in academic ways you have to learn/teach every drop of a boring pond.
You make such lucid, clean, and clear videos. Your pacing, content, and imagery are pitch-perfect. Thank you.
You are very welcome. Please keep watching for more videos.
Also - with the expansion of spacetime - is the entropy of the universe REALLY increasing? Is the expansion itself a byproduct of increasing entropy? Perhaps space, as a medium, can only accommodate so much entropy per unit of “density” and expands elastically when more entropy is dumped into it?
Entropy isn't really a physical thing, like you can't hold a unit of entropy. It's just a way we describe arrangements of things that do exist, like atoms and the changes between their relative states of energy. In this case, maybe it would be less the entropy doing the expansion, but more likely the atoms or the energy. Maybe!
You could imagine the box at 3:38 to be expanding, meaning that the distance between balls is increasing but the relative distances staying constant. Since entropy really measure your failure to predict the state of the total system knowing a tiny part of it, then by this picture it should be constant (maybe), we should keep investigating.
I FEEL LIKE TAY ZONDAY, I FEEL LIKE TAY ZONDAY, I FEEL LIKE TAY ZONDAY, I FEEL LIKE TAY ZONDAY.
what about 'Stop engines' -- instead of speeding up - why not slow an object relative to the space time curve ? - multiplying the various speeds of galactic forces ( solar , galaxy , local group speed) we could travel much further than lightspeed if all those variables in "motion" are taken into account... cheers thanks -- send the Nobel prize to po box ....
Wrong idea
Sean Carroll is definitely one of the best science communicators around.
Big think professional editing+sean carroll brilliant presentation= an absolute masterpiece
I love your explanation, Sean Carroll. It is a keeper. Personally, I am making difference between time and timing. While time is immeasurable, timing is within a measurable scope.
Time is different than causality, but we use them interchangeably.
No
@@fullyawakened possibly
The general population does that with everything, and as a result we live in a world of people who think they know everything about everything, because they spent a day learning about it on some random videos lol
But because they simplified it so much it completely misses the point...
If your foundations of study aren't done correctly then your end result will be wrong.
Time, for me...
Is just the measurement of motion
But I'm not an expert in this area, and I never pretend that I am...
Shame no one else these days can say that about any subject at all, everyone thinks they know everything because they read about it in Wikipedia lol
Or because a Liberal college told them it so don't question it just obey lol
If you think on flat spacetime then they are not So different; for two events on the universe to be causal with each other, there Must be a difference on time, but you must also specify how far they are separated. So causality is a property shared by events with specific time And space separations. If light can connect those events, then they are causal.
@Daz this is basically what i find it to be as and when you really think about it the way we measure times with clocks the units of measurement are the tools themselves, the clock hands, and we based that off the sun, our rotations and revolutions around it and narrowed it down more but really we're just measuring change, we just measure the change of everything by using our constants for change, translating it like we translate imperial to metric, etc. How something so simple can also be so complex and amazing is just... amazing. I can't think of another word right now, but I just love the thought.
These videos are so well made.
"The answer to the question of what time actually is, is still not apparent here. Time is defined as the sequence or collection of events, but what exactly is an 'event'? If everything is made of matter and by that made of energy, and there is a fundamental relation between time and energy. Then this same relation holds universally as long time and energy are related. What I propose, in this comment section, is that time and energy are not two separate physical quantities but are in fact interdependent. Time is the change of Energy. A change in the energy of a system, Entropy, is what registers as an event and that event registers as time."
- Keyboard Physicist
I think it's not a Big bang which gave us "Time" it's the time in which a Big Bang happened among many Big bangs like in an "Eternal Time". (Big bangs) are Consequence of time. It's like It's the time in which Everything is happening every moment it is happening or may be it was Just "Nothingness" and a moment happens where the Nothingness for the first time "Oscillated" and that created the physicality hence ( The / A Big bang Got Time to happen in lap of "Space" . Because there is "Time" distance is possible, we can only move From point A to point B only if time allows the space for physicality to Move from one place to another, it's like " Now & Then" not Here & There. Without Now & Then Here & There cannot Happen .
Just a Humble Thought.
May Nothingness Bless us All.❤
Lost me after, "What I propose...". Maybe I'm just not smart enough or flexible enough, but after that phrase it sounds as clear as mud. (To preserve my ego I'm recalling that Bohr, Thompson, Rutherford, etc had no clue about things we take for granted today- thanks to their efforts many years ago.)
@@shankhan6685 Time is the measurement of movement. That is it.
@@brucemiller1696
Then again this question comes , where is movement happening ? If you say space then what is allowing space to allow physical movement?
Time as we know are just devices that were built by humans apart from that we keep and understand Time in Cyclical motion and whatever is cyclical in motion has a natural tendency to go away from its core as it creates "Centrifugal force". When that string breaks which held the physicality in the Cyclical Motion then it's an eternal Time where all the creation is happening! Time is only relevant until we are dealing in physics aspect of the universe the moment we disengage from physical aspect we do not need time. Why everything decays as time passes? If we sit on a chair for 3 hours even if our mind doesn't tell but our body would remind us of time all the limbs and bones would start paining , that's how physical aspect of universe keeps the measurement of time.
There is no "Here and there without Now and Then"!
@@shankhan6685 time started with the movement of the first atom. Time is measured the way anyone wants to measure it in the universe. On earth we measure by how the earth rotates. Same as someone on another planet across the galaxy. Their bodies are in sinc with their planet just as we are here. If you are trapped in a bubble seperate from the rest of the universe, your measurement of time is different than the outside world. Great episode.....captain janeway of star trek was trapped in another worlds spacial gravity. Starship and planet were in different times.
Big Think, You're so talented! I had to hit the like button!
Best Teacher Sean Carroll.
Have you heard of Brian Greene ?
See, 'What was God doing before Creation?' from the channel Rational Believer.
Probably you would get something more enlightening. Though there's a flaw in this question, its just for conceptualization.
Sean Carroll is international treasure.
When people say they don't have time ,they are always true ....they don't actually have time 😂
time has them
@@willdesouza3968 right where it wants them >:)
@@wailinburnin time goes far beyond expectations 👀
@@wailinburnin Where does the time go go? "It's around in a circle shouldn't we know, the clock and the calendar tell us of it's way's 24 hours 365 days. So as for this mystery that's dumbfounded generations, it's just an illusion from the harnessing of Earth's rotations". Bruce Dillon.
I have no time to listen to your nonsense on time. 😁
Beautifully explained. Loved it
Perfume in a bottle 👍👍👍. The complex concept described in one line.
Thank you Sean 😊
He seems, to me, to make sense of things that have really puzzled me all my (very long) life. I am sincerely grateful that he's spent so much of his time and effort to do so.
well im not sure he did it specifically for you Phil. But yeah it was cool.
@@JonnyUnderrated Yes. It was, as you stated in your well expressed, casual and throwaway style, 'cool'. I'm assuming that your comment was meant solely for me. I may be wrong with that assumption.
@@philjamieson5572 Your casual utilization of commas has thrown me for a proverbial "loop" , Phil. I was trying to ingest your verbage and je ne sais quois but they took me off guard and now I'm all messed up. But yes, I was trying to communicate with you Phil.
@@JonnyUnderrated what are you both doing here 😃
@@suhail_69 im trying to chill., our dear friend PHIL here is on some kind of diatribe again
Sean Carroll is a great teacher!
Youre a good student Stan.
I had a question very related to this a few weeks ago: "How could life have come about if the entropy of a system has to increase?" The answer I found is that the entropy of a *part* of a system can decrease or stay the same if the entropy of a whole system continues to increase. And life, really, as he said, is a system that feeds off of entropy, we are fine tuned by the edge of evolution to adapt to change and to overcome it, in a reasonably stable solar system with a constant source of energy and somewhat constant conditions.
Exactly. Entropy is always increasing ON THE COSMIC SCALE. That doesn’t mean that occasionally local areas can experience a decrease in entropy. Living systems maintain a low entropy state only because they interact with their environment. The real mystery is what caused the low entropy state to begin with.
@@davidreidenberg9941 Imagine the cosmic scale is just a local part of an even bigger scale 😅
Is there a God in this?
@@batouttahell454 In any serious discussion of cosmology or physics there never is.
@@batouttahell454Of course there is, logically speaking.
Wow what a great explanation sir!!❤✨
Love how you make complicated concepts so easy to understand.
“I know what it is, but when you ask me I don't.” Saint Augustine.
"I know what it is and when you ask me I still know" Bruce Dillon
Sean Carroll's mind takes flight,
Unraveling time's mysteries, day and night.
Physics' dance, a mesmerizing show,
With each tick and tock, new insights we'll know.
Thanks a lot for bringing such wonderful videos!
"And you run and you run to catch up with the sun as it's sinking. Racing around to come up behind you again. The sun is the same in a relative way but you're older. Shorter of breath, one day closer to death."
Fabulous explanation!
This video is a fascinating exploration of the interconnectedness of time and entropy. Sean Carroll does an excellent job of breaking down complex concepts and presenting them in a way that's accessible and thought-provoking. The idea that time is merely a label we use to distinguish events is mind-boggling, and the discussion on the arrow of time and its connection to the Big Bang is truly intriguing. I appreciate Carroll's challenge to the notion that life is a fight against increasing entropy, emphasizing that life actually owes its existence to the increase in entropy. It's a fresh perspective that opens up new possibilities for understanding the emergence of complexity in the universe. Overall, this video has sparked my curiosity and left me with a lot to ponder.
To be honest, this guy really didn't explain time
He is explaining the physics behind time not necessarily time itself.
Or maybe his understanding is much higher then ours so it seems like he didnt when he actually did.
So time is nothing but increasing Entropy?
He did. But the gap between his level of knowledge and ours is so huge, that we can’t see the connection between our knowledge and what he’s explaining.
So yeah. I think it requires so much prerequisites to understand him.
He kinda did in the sense that by talking about the physics of 'evolving systems of energy', he made the concept of 'time' completely redundant. What he forgot to mention was, whether the perfume is in the bottle or spread out across the universe, it will _always_ be an evolving configuration of energy: there is _no_ 'equilibrium' for _any_ dynamic system because it will _always_ be changing its configuration. Energy causes 'change' and 'change' is what we perceive as the flow of time.
Our use of time is all that is important.
Superb explanation 👌👏👏👏
I just finished watching "The mind-bending physics of time" by Sean Carroll and I have to say, I really enjoyed his unique perspective on the subject. I found it fascinating how he was able to explain such a complex topic in a way that was easy to understand. I particularly liked how he delved into the concept of time being a "block" and how this theory can help to reconcile some of the discrepancies in our current understanding of physics. Overall, I thought it was a thought-provoking and enlightening video and I highly recommend it to anyone interested in the nature of time.
Someone had a school assignment... lol.
100% a chatGPT comment lol
He "reconciled" nothing - you've been taken in by pseudoscience.
@@bobbeckstead8340 Prove your statement.
@@Cosmo_P0litan What an inane challenge.
I'm especially fascinated by the idea time itself does not exist but is an emerging property of entropy, which also only goes in one direction. For some reason, that one feels right to me. Why, can't say.
If that would be true, at a blue shift (not a red shift) time would go backwards as entropy gets lower. but It does not. Entropy is an emergent phenomena from complex systems. It shares a lot with time but is not time it self nor does time emerges from it.
@@blijebij Entropy and time only go in one direction so there's no going backwards and it's an idea many physicists suspect is correct. The universe started at a very low entropy state and only increases, which this vid discusses.
@@willbrink If entropy makes time goes forwards then when entropy goes lower, blue shift time should go backwards. It does not. What I find more logic that entropy is a big part of change, you could even say is linked to most changes in the universe. Time is linked to all changes in the universe. So they seem to fall almost always in one line. So its easy to think entropy is time. But quantum fields occilate, thats why particle pairs pop out of the vacuum of space. Quantum fields will always occilate but that doesnt mean automatically entropy rises for a quantum system. So not all process work by entropy. One thing I realize though from our talk (pondering over it) that you are correct when you link this to spacetime. Then indeed entropy and time always fall in to one line up. But for quantum fields this does not have to be so. So within spacetime if u take just that compartment, you are right.
@@blijebij Bottom line is we don't know, which is amazing considering like gravity (something else we know amazingly little about...) it's what we experience every day of our lives. There's also theory time is an emergent property of quantum fields, and others. Time and gravity are interrelated also, exactly how, also unclear. If they could just find that graviton... :)
@@willbrink yes hehe its an exciting field of interest :) universe&reality are fascinating.
The issue I have with a lot of these explanations is that the argument we have for existence is that we were very “low entropy” (order) when matter was spread across the cosmos, but then things became more complex when “high entropy” (chaos) and the evenness became unevenness in planets and creatures. That chaos made things that were, by their very nature, more complex, but that level of complexity requires vast amounts of energy to maintain in a stable order (low entropy). Since things move from order to disorder (second law of thermodynamics), you have to have some unique situation where disorder becomes order, you need some force pushing back high entropy to create a low entropy environment. We know the 2nd law is still in effect as if we leave a complex being or machine to sit, it becomes less complex, eventually non-functional, and then eventually breaks down into its simplest molecules. So what introduced the low entropy system, what maintains it, and how long does it continue unless something invests in it?
Yes. And if there was a big bang, why? What initiated it? Something never comes from nothing. Before the big bang, what? Gases swirling around? WHERE DID THEY COME FROM? It's maddening, not to know.
Wow! Very piercing question and well put reasoning
Very interesting I would like to know the answer now too
Great every day samples , easy to understand
very good explanation....thank you
Unfortunately, the question of why we age has nothing to do with time but instead it’s a design issue.
Yeah, time is just a system that measures the process that makes us age.
This is correct. Time is emergent and the measurement of the comparison of rates of change. Time is not an energy or force that asserts itself on objects. Milk does not got bad because 2 days have past, it is because of bacteria and heat energy, we are just able to expect a similar result, having previously seen a certain amount of days or hours pass under similar circumstances.
Thank you.
@@dennisgalvin2521 It measures the rate, NOT the process of aging.
@@bobbeckstead8340 To be specific, it measures he rate of the process.
Having a comprehensive understanding of the physics of time doesn’t make me any less late for work. 😂
Time is our abstract explanation of change. It is our illusion.
More precisely, of motion - change is derivative of motion.
@@bobbeckstead8340 no idea what motion without time means
Thank you for your Time 😊
Very well explained!
I wish scientists would quit acting as if the Big Bang isn’t a theory
Everything is a theory..
It is a theory. "Theory" in science means something totally different than it does in popular language. "Theory" is moreso a framework for which to think about something (such as the beginning of the universe).
The Big Bang "Theory" will most likely never become a "law" because we cannot observe or experiment with the beginning of the universe.
@ I’m aware what Theory means and thanks to the ground breaking technology of ChatGpt, I can harness the energy of my key pad and type in a series of letters and words to find the exact meaning of Theory in a scientific sense. I’m not a fan of perspectives based in “actuality” when they’re mere speculation. That is all I will say in regard to the definition of Theory and this Video. 🕺🕺🕺
@@peterlerette6175 ah Peter an Oxymoron in a minor sense. Wouldn’t that mean your comment is a Theory? Happy 2025
The “Big Bang Theory” is a high horse the atheist scientific community straddles to justify their research from an Empirical standpoint, But, even observation has its bounds. We assume we have the capabilities to observe anything outside our senses. Just in the way we need special tools to detect radio waves. Though, tools were used to form the Big Bang theory, those same tools were used to analyze one area of observation. “The more I learn, the more I realize how much I don’t know” -Albert Einstein
Wow the clarity of his explanation makes every concept crystal clear! Thanks Sean
so will you invest in shiney DIAMONDS or shiney GOLD Sir ?!??
Time exists in our brain
Where our brain exist?
Bingo! All of our daily experience exists in our minds. Only rigorous science can show us some of the approximations of reality that is independent of our minds
Just met Sean at a meeting in Abu Dhabi. Loved his talk and chatting with him!
Good video, thanks for making it
The intricacy of entropy renders the Newtonian world in abstraction. It’s a labyrinth. ❤
Time is fascinating. I worked the subway stations for nearly 10 years. From one end of the city to the other. Every so often I would notice the city would be saying that, "Today just flew by" or "The day was just dragging along." How can an entire city complain about the same time paradox unless it was effected by it. Maybe a time distorted bubble the earth passes through in its revolution around the sun. Maybe random waves of time distortion hitting the earth? Maybe they're randomly given off by the sun. Maybe they're from outside our Terran system and reach us in intervals. ???? Ti-i-i-ime, is on my side. Yes, it is!
I would rather suspect a bias of confirmation on your part, I'm sorry. For one if time stretches, then our perception of time should stretch with it, shouldn't it ? Well, maybe not. But there are other factors to take into account. The whole city is subject to the same weather, it's the same day of the week for everybody (monday VS saturday, the mood differs). Plus city-wide, nation-wide events affecting the mood. All the people taking the subway at the same time, probably have a common lifestyle (working day jobs), they are linked socially. Etc.
@@yan-amar that's fine. You don't have to believe me. Great part of this is, this "phenomenon" is reoccurring. Just spend a year or two in the subway. Rush hours are best. Stopping at every station on the line. From students to working class to business class. You get to hear how an entire city's day went. After a year or two, you'll see it, too. The pattern in the chaos. ;-P
@@yan-amar while everything you say about social uniformity and cultural synchronicity is true, time _does_ stretch. Or to be precise, matter travelling through spacetime _shrinks._ But time itself does have elastic properties, beyond merely those of relative perception. As Einstein showed in special relativity, and as has been proven in every experiment ever conducted since the theory was published in 1905, how you move through space affects the way that time passes. Specifically, the faster one moves through space, the slower one moves through time. There is a very precise trade-off that occurs in order for the universe to maintain an upper-limit on the speed that matter can move through it - namely, 291,000,000 metres per second - the speed of light. Travelling at the speeds we do here on Earth the effect is almost unnoticeable, though for a few thousand dollars you can buy clocks accurate enough to see for yourself. At the speed that satellites orbit the Earth, around 27,000 Kph, the effect is strong enough that Google maps would be a useless app if the effects weren’t adjusted for. And should you travel out to Alpha Centauri at about half the speed of light before returning home to Earth again, you’d find that everyone back home had aged by about 40 years, while you had only aged 5. Einstein showed that time is personal, that there is no such thing as a universal time (as Newton had believed), and that it doesn’t even make sense to say that there is a “same” moment of time for any two objects in the universe. There’s a 5pm in NYC for you, but only you. Time is personal - the faster you move through space, the slower you move through time. Trippy, but absolutely true. Cheers!
@@yan-amar I should have added that the shrinking and expanding component is called ‘length contraction’, when travelling at relativistic speeds matter experiences time dilation (the slowing of time), and length contraction (where matter is ‘squashed’ in the direction of momentum. Again, here on Earth, and travelling at our speeds, the effect is completely imperceptible. Driving a car on the HWY for example, will reduce its total length by about the width of a proton… Yeah, I wouldn’t worry about that one too much either :/
I believe you. I'm far from your location, but I noticed the same thing, not in a subway but in live as a whole. I even got to name it, I call it "wave" or maybe a " low or high center of pressure" of some sort as in the atmosphere but of course not related to weather. I even avoided some corners or gas station because I "felt" as if a particular location "brings" a certain mood or even to happens. I though sometimes myself a bit superstitious for this but here you are talking about the same thing.
Great video, thank you! Love it, when BT is about science, not agendas.
Fascinating discussion
The steady increase in entropy, in addition to being beneficial as you point out, helps us keep track of cosmological time and explains a lot of the local features of time (aging, ice melting, etc.) That increase is something that takes place in time; not something that explains time. Suppose someone pokes a hole into a whole nuther Kosmos and the total entropy of this K begins to decrease as a result. We can speak of the time before and after this happened. Time's arrow survives.
Sean’s got a great style of communication. I very much enjoy all of his talks. Every time.
Probably the best explanation of time i have seen in a video, amazing explanation from Sean and thank you Big Think for the illustration and platform
Except that he didn't actually explain what time is . . .
When someone says “ meet me a 42ed. and 7th., at such and such a date at 7:30 PM, what do they really mean? They mean when both of our watches (a mechanical device which are presumably synchronized) reach what what we have previously agreed is 7:30 on a specific date again previously agreed upon, we will show up at an agreed place on the map in NYC. It’s purely a convention designed to organize human activity. Nothing more.
Thank you for this thought-provoking topic.
Me when my boss asks why I’m late for work for the 4th time in a row:
I love when people sidestep questions by saying the question isn't the question lol
I think time seems to slow down when you're engaged in transformative activities. The constant changes in your environment fill your time with memorable moments, making you feel like you've actually made good use of your time. When nothing changes in your life, the relative change between one moment to another is small, and so your time speeds up. You've few moments to look back on and it feels like you've wasted your time.
That's how individuals experience time - no relationship with space/ time whatsoever
@@twotubefamily9323 Notice i wrote "seems"
I wish I actually knew if reaching a state of maximum entropy would mean that there is no longer Mass and therefore no longer time but I am extremely impressed with Roger penrose's conformal cyclic cosmology theory it's very impressive the way he was able to think out of the box on this one I really like the conformal geometry part also I wish I was better qualified to like it even better or just say no this is wrong
I hear you. I have been impressed of sir Penroses ccc theory. It just is impressive, and like u said out of the box thinking, challenging other scientists in a good way. Overall I have been fan of his thinking and I have watched some of his lectures from yt. You have a great taste 👍🏻😅
As per Indian Texts, one of basic fundamentals of this universe is "Vikaar" much similar concept like entropy but with a different meaning/reasoning. Vikaar means for everything in existence is going to decay/degenerate/get worse than before. Reason - the universe/consciousness has to spend x amount of energy to maintain things as they are. So in order to maintain the balance consciousness decides to produce new things and decayed things are used fertilizer for generation of new. Hence maintaining the process of creation and destruction at optimum levels.
Thank you.
Sean says the universe began at it's lowest state of entropy and has been getting higher and higher ever since. Entropy is defined as "a lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder." But when the universe began forming galaxies, solar systems, suns, and planets, it actually became far more ordered than how it began. It just stared out as a mass of unorganized matter and energy, then organized itself into the structures we see today. This seems to contradict what Sean is saying.
You’re misunderstanding entropy. Don’t look at individual galaxies and solar systems, you may look at the entire universe as a whole. You’re right, it initially started out as one glob (low entropy) and is spreading out and developing new celestial bodies over time (high entropy.) The matter on earth and in our solar system/galaxy has come from many, many dead stars and galaxies before us.
No... universe as a system is moving towards high entropy. There are local systems like stars, galaxies, crystals, organisms, etc. that are low entropy but the overall entropy of the universe system is always increasing.
@@6piyushc So the prediction is that all galaxies will eventually lose the ability to create new stars/solar systems? Have the Hubble or Webb telescopes been able detect galaxies that are in decline? If so, how do they determine that they're in decline?
When after the big bang a hot cloud of gas is expanding, it is also cooling down, so the entropy increases but nor that much. Then, when parts of the gas cloud is condensing to form stars, the temperature goes up. Here, condensing means entropy decreases and getting hot means entropy increases, and the net effect may be entropy increases but not that much. So far no obvious contradiction
I don't have time to watch this.
Lol
Underrated comment
😅
Unfortunately
I do.
The big mystery is that the arrow of time is the same everywhere and that it never ever changes. So time definitely has a direction. If you look at a pool table break on a video you can (with almost 100% perfect certainty) know the direction of time of the recording. No one needs to tell you. Ever. That you cannot tell from a small simple quantum physics event does not mean that it is not there. As soon as chance comes into play it can only go one way. So why is that? Because that is just how the universe works, in every single cubic cm of space we have ever looked at. I find that fascinating.
I love listening to brilliant physicists dumb stuff down for us, that in and of itself is an amazing feat 👍
Kevin Jenkins: Excellent comment. Well said.
I love bots.
Entropy is my favourite concept in the course work I have completed, order to disorder. Always stuck with me too. Great video so far
Well explained and universe is intresting
Time is simply man made, as a unit of measurement. The eternal moment that has always existed and always will, is the brain twister !
Well said my pops always told me that
It’s all been explained in the Bible you big dummy.
Yep. It doesn't exist, except as a manmade construct - a way of imposing order on events/action in order that we can make sense of it all and plan our lives . . But it is based on physical constants of atoms in order to be accurate, and therein lies the problem when we move too fast - near the speed of light, when the properties of atoms are so affected that the constants no longer apply/are changed.
@Jim Hogg Not entirely true. It was conceived as a tool, but like any tool it could be used to build good and bad things.
@Jim Hogg Not entirely true. It was conceived as a tool, but like any tool it could be used to build good and bad things.
I know that time isn't linear. We just think it is due to the limitations of human perception. I occasionally have dreams that come true. I'm not talking metaphorically, or about deja vu. I mean dreams that are very brief, but clear visions of random future moments. Just long enough to get the layout of a place or part of a sentence. It's never anything useful, like saving lives or winning lotto numbers. And I never know the context or how long it'll be before it happens. Sometimes it takes weeks, months, even years. I also have memories of moments that apparently never occurred (just like the Mandela Effect, but in my personal life), and objects have either moved or vanished entirely. As someone who studies science, the fact that I can't prove or replicate any of this is incredibly annoying. It sounds like symptoms of schizophrenia, but all the therapists I've had over the years have said no. My current therapist has even suggested I've attained some kind of spiritual awareness, but I don't what to think about that. My theories are that 1) all events are either happening simultaneously, and we can only understand them in a certain sequence. Or 2) multiple timelines exist simultaneously and sometimes interconnect, but the mind is supposed to remember only one at a time. I just wish there was a way to test them.
I saved my self a lot of TIME by remembering that no one knows what it is. Therefore there is no point in watching this.
This is very heavy. Thank you,
Hi Mr Carroll hope you doing good
You gave us the wonderful explanation about universal facts but not at all but I can help you out with rest of the answers that you asked in this video. Because knowledge has to be shared.
“Time is an illusion. Lunchtime doubly so.” ― Douglas Adams
Hammer time is real damn it.
Is this video mislabeled or am I just that much of an idiot?:) I definitely missed the part about "The mind-bending physics of time."
Exactly what I thought, and commented about. Carroll says around 1:21 min that what time is, is not a question. But he doesn't explain what time is. So I can only deduce that he dosn't know what time is.....
This video explained almost nothing. He simply restates simple concepts in a way that makes it sounds insightful. Reminds me of The Onions "Onion Talks" videos.
I had to watch it twice before my brain processed the information. I got there in the end. Thank you for another wonderful video. 😎
thanks for providing the information, thanks to Professor Carroll again! very cogent.
Time to get off youtube and go to sleep.
😂
This video is sick dope yo! 🎉😊
Excellent video. Thank you.
Daniel Schmachtenberger's talk on Emergence takes a crack at some of these questions.
I know nothing about what he's talking about, academically0 but I'm fascinated by all he's talking about. Understanding Space including earth is mind blowing. All Scientists have my admiration for what they have achieved in their respected fields in such a short time. On the shoulders of past giants 👽🖖
very cool talk
Love this. Reminds me of why I enjoyed the movie Tenet so much.
I see time as having 3 dimensions like space does. In fact, I believe it's really just another 3 dimensions of space. People think that you go forward and theoretically backward in time. I believe that moving through space makes you move through time. The changes we make in space change our direction in time. You're not going linearly forward through time as much as steering through it, like driving a car. When you turn your steering wheel in a car, you turn left or right in space, but you do the same in time. If you went "back in time" and turned left, you would see events that, to your perception, never happened, just as if you turned your car around and went back the way you came, but then turned onto a side street you did not traverse before, you would see things there that you didn't see before.
If you stop completely in space, you might very well stop completely in time. We don't know how to stop in space, however, as we can only use bodies in space for reference, all of which are moving in an unknown absolute direction. We know what speed we are moving relative to the object on this planet around us. We know how fast our planet is moving relative to the sun and other planets. We know how fast our sun is moving relative to our galaxy. And we know how fast our galaxy is moving relative to other galaxies. But we don't know in what direction this whole swirl of activity of all of the galaxies collectively is ACTUALLY moving, or how fast. So while time might seem to be on autopilot, it is only as much as objects moving through space.
Physics can't actually explain entropy, because the exponential expansion and diversity of the universe is not only from the big bang, but also from the unseeable mesh interweaving the universe in complexity, that steers the direction of things not entirely based on physics or math.
There is more that we don't know than we know, and physics is a limited study with alot of great answers, and alot of gaps without answers.
There is a bigger encompassing undiscovered formula, that includes both quantum physics and gerneral relativity. .... but we don't know what it is yet.
I really want to hear the many speakers on Big Think, but the background music is too distracting. I realize that Big Think must believe this is adding to the show, but to me, a musician, it is not. I know they won''t stop, but wouldn't it be great if they made it so we could block out the music if we choose? I have to turn these wonderful speakers off because I am too distracted by the music.
Thank you for sharing this video that was very interesting.
Learnt a new word today : Entropy! Thanks. I’ll try and use it now.
Love this ❤
Absolutely beautiful explanation. So when an object is able to escape the gravity of our giant vicinity toward another celestial sector with weak gravity (to do more,get old faster) or stronger gravity (to do less,stay as same age longer), that’s how time travel work, ie. Being away to deep space and missing out, either for long or short duration) of the time of those left behind in earth.
Thanks brothers 🙏🙋♂️
Enjoyed listening to this explanation of time and entropy that both started with the big bang. To state the obvious, both are also forms of organisation. 😊
WOW! I actually understood what he was trying to explain!
YOU ARE CORRECT ABOUT SPACE-TIME, PROFFESSOR SEAN CAROL. I, TOO, DON'T HAVE THE TIME TO WATCH THIS, OR DO ANYONE WHO MATTERS OR DO ANYTHING! PERIOD❤
Time is a mental construct which we create to separate events sequentially, so that we can exist and maneuver and navigate them. Truth is everything is all at once