@@ninjaslash52_98 I’ve literally just been thinking about how mind blowingly cool all this stuff is. Mostly it’s just admiration at Einstein’s ability to forget everything he thought he knew and question everything. This theory was 70 years ahead of its time. And he did it when he was 25. I’ve watched about 2-3 videos in relativity and never got it until now. And boy does it feel good to connect the dots on something so mind blowing.
Imagine being that window washer and living your whole life completely oblivious to the fact that you helped Albert Einstein figure out how the entire universe worked.
2 things that make those videos great : 1. The animations 2. The quality of the questions he asks. It's like he's in your head. I hate it so much when people pretend to explain a concept and leave obvious questions unanswered. Thank you Arvin Ash.
Damn! This guy really breaks it down because he understands it properly. Not a single other video online can simplify it like he could. Kudos Arvin, you're amazing!
@@sushiiroll844 some of us don’t have the patience or even 14 minutes to hear about one of Albert’s delusions. It sounds more like the byproducts of his own insanity more than anything
@@MyVideos-fm7ug imagine calling einstein delusional lmao, if einsteins theories are just delusins than tell us what you know about space an give us a new theory of how space works
Hahaha. Thanks. Enjoyed that. Too bad you weren't a patent clerk. You'd be on your way. Methinks that's what Albert did. "Hey, I'll just get my own patent on this, myself." So he did. "Hmmm. Seems like a weird theory, but look, it's already been patented. I guess it's true. Tell the world."
Stuff like this is so interesting to me. I’m a 16 year old who doesn’t like school, and yet my science teacher was passionate enough about physics and astronomy/cosmology that it got me so invested in it to the point where I go out of my way to look up things like this just because it’s so mind-blowing!
@@tervicke487 Let me tell you, don't let bad teachers and peers at school demotivate you! There's better people out there who are researching on fascinating stuff like this!
Really beautifully explained. I especially appreciate the reminder that distortion in the spacetime fabric occurs in three dimensions, not just in the 2 dimensions we are often shown in graphics. Mr Ash is wonderfully skilled in presenting this material.
I can't thank you enough for making this. I'm 32, and for almost 20 years I thought never in my life would I ever be able to really understand this, I thought I simply wasn't smart enough to ever truly grasp it, but now, thanks to you, I feel I can begin to visualize it, got a lot more to learn of course, but I'm certain that I'll comprehend it. Thank you, this made me incredibly happy.
@@user-yr4os6jz4r yeah... riiiiiight. Which explains the enormous mountains of evidence backing up the theory he's discussing, and zero evidence disproving it... sure, dude. You betcha. 🙄
It's a great feeling, isn't it, Abraham? I really enjoy that feeling learning something from a source that finally helps it just _click_ in my mind and make *sense!* I'm happy for you! 🖖🏼🙂👍🏼
This channel is incredibly good at explaining concepts that I've heard hundreds of times, but presenting them in a way so that I can actually UNDERSTAND them.
@@ballin1006 Well then this means your physics understanding skills is extremely above average(so in a sense you're very smart), but also Arvin Ash is smart to simplify it that good, while Einstein was a genius to have invented it in the first place.
Great video. Thank you for this simplified version of a complex theory. What I learned from this video: 1. Gravity is caused by massive objects in space. How these massive objects cause gravity is unknown till date. (Understood) 2. Gravity curves light as it takes the shortest path between two points. (Understood) 3. Gravity also curves time and so the time near the source of gravity passes slower. (Confusing concept; need to research more) 4. Gravity curves space as well that result in objects moving around the massive objects. (Understood) 4. Gravity concept in actual is a 3d model showed in this video. (Confusing concept; need to research more). If you guys can create additional bullets for us noobs to understand gravity, it would be appreciated.
seeing as time now isnt absolute and grounded just makes it feel like every force in the universe is just floating around without ground to stand on, like gravity and time can be influenced and changed, and space is also expanding and moving, stretching. just makes me feel like the universe isnt the absolute reality because how can infinity expand into something that doesnt exist, maybe the universe just exists as space within a space that you can travel into by going "outside".
I really think that CS Lewis was on to something in the Magicians Nephew. The way the universe/universes are presented in that book is beyond anything I ever thought.
@@captainprice2346 What actually is the cause for mass causing space to bend. I mean we still have no idea why it does this. for the how im just saying. I know that mass bends space, and that light takes the shortest path in between point a and point b, so light must be moving faster to account for the extra linear distance to our point of view.
The Science Asylum has some videos on the subject, also with excellent visual simple explanations - check out the playlist on Gravity as Spacetime Curvature, it is put simply: Great squirrel ruclips.net/p/PLOVL_fPox2K83_36YgnGisn4rxNvgq1iR
Time doesn't move from light speeds perspective. If you were to move at light speed you would effectively arrive in a time further along the line without aging. Travel at light speed for a thousand years; you would not age or start to age until you stopped.
I have watched dozens of videos about relativity in an attempt to understand it completely. I have read Einstein's book called relativity, and I have talked to physicists about this in real life. This video does more to explain the theory than anything else I've ever seen. Thank you and cheers. I still don't totally understand relativity, but then again, I'm told there's only about 12 people on Earth that truly do.
@@Asthepersianssay That's what I saw in a documentary. There aren't just 12 people (that was 10 years ago) understand the concept of it. That would be ludicrous becusse there are God knows how many videos on RUclips exist explaining the CONCEPT of relativity. They were referring to the number of people that can understand and DO the math.
Mr. Arvin Ash, you are the first person who have made me understand this whole mystery very clearly. Whatever the lectures I watched, my understanding was completely obscured. I hope you would keep simplifying scientific topics and uploading new videos as time passes by. I wish you a very active brain and good health. Thank you.
I was going to comment this too. For so many years I never understood this and tried to understand it myself. And this video just completed me. I'm so happy now. Can't wait for the release of what gravity is.
@@rgogue when I read this facts in my own language, I did not even understand. However, his lecture is very simple, to the point and easily understandable
@@hosoiarchives4858 I assumed he couldn't. Simplifying something so incredibly complex will never be conveyed fully. Or if you're saying he actually did something wrong I would like to know. Either way this did help me understand it more and gave me a easier stepping stone into science.
@@rgogue the most important part was the end where Einstein and QM are at odds. QM is going to win. We still don't understand the universe and Einstein is likely a placeholder
Sir, I am a second year engineering student, and this is the first time that I've (At least I think) I understood the General Relativity. Thank you so much!
@@sjm7284 Well you are right about that if its on a straight plane but earth isnt straight. Im assuming you are talking about 05:50 of course. If we open earths surface on a 2d dimension we will see that curve is actually is a straight line.
It's good that you said "at least I think" because you certainly don't understand the gravitational time dilation part of the theory based on this vid. At 10:20, the explanation given for it is NOT correct. It says that the greater distance traveled by a light beam in a gravitational field requires a greater amount of time to pass (to keep the speed of light constant) and that this means time has to slow down. But this is a contradiction - for more time to pass, clocks have to run faster, not slower! If anyone knows of a valid way to explain gravitational time dilation, please let us know.
I'm a 15 year old who before didn't like school and my physics teacher is old but he's so passionate about physics and math that it got me invested in it and now I look up things like this because it's so freaking amazing
To think of the genius that Einstein possessed is incredible. How he was able to think all of this through back in the early 20th century with a lot of naysayers trying to discredit him just for good measure and still knock it out of the park and revolutionise physics and humans understanding of the universe is just legendary.
I watched “why is the speed of light what it is” from this channel right after this video and spent a good hour connecting all the dots between concepts I have read a 1000 times before. Basically went from electromagnetism (maxwells equations) -> generation of electromagnetic waves (astounding explanation!) -> propagation through space at a constant speed -> forcing gravity to cause curvature of space -> which in turn affecting time -> thus the idea of space-time. Amazing explanation! Was sure an eureka moment for me.
"you know that thing, general relativity?" "yes!" "Ok, I have this formula here.. and this here.... please, solve them and put on my desk tomorrow." you still have. Understanding and learning are quite different.
@@donaldjohnson257 yes and you can also download a free narrator that will read all the books to you forever and never stop or get tired I dood it all the time
Thanks. I'm getting closer to being less confused about special relativity thanks to this video. The more it's simplified the clearer the complexities come into focus. Keep up the good work with these videos.
wow wow wow.... That is the simplest and at the same time most complete explanation of relativity I have EVER seen or read. I can now explain what relativity is without using mathematics, the kind of which I am anyway incapable of. Dear Mr. Arvin, you have done a fabulous job. Congratulations. I want to specially give you credit for one thing: almost all the explanations on relativity, however simple they claim to be, straightaway jump to using the conjoined term 'spacetime' without ever caring to explain, as you put it, "how come time jumps in the picture". You cared to explain the two concepts separately. Brilliant. Now I know why we use 'spacetime' while discussing relativity. So Einstein got the idea of equivalence between acceleration in space and gravity on Earth by a simple thought experiment which eventually led to his postulating that matter bends space around it. Was there a similar simple thought experiment that led him to think that light's speed must be constant in all frames of references? In the end, I understand from this video that Einstein's first step towards his revolutionary theories was freedom of thought. Can we say that? I was under the impression so far that he already must have thought about the mathematics of this theory before proposing it. But I guess he had simple ideas, had the courage to work on them and then figured out the mathematics later. Schools and Colleges, even today, tend to box the thinking of students. It is a horrible practise. If a student were to challenge the theories of Einstein, he would surely be ridiculed like how Einstein was initially. Thats horrible.
@@app_game_system Agreed. But schools are doing a great disservice to humanity by presenting to kids a perfect world where all the mysteries have been worked out and there is nothing left to wonder about. I used to get rebellious thoughts when I was taught Newton's law of gravity back in school. I would ask my teacher, 'if Earth is constantly in motion, and Sun is responsible for it, then there is work being done constantly and that means someone must be spending energy to do all that'. Constant force implies constant spending of energy. I don't remember any of my physics teachers wanting to spend time with me on convincing me or telling me that in fact, gravity was never a force.
@Enter the Bragn’ Worst theory in history? His theory revolutionized our understanding of our reality. It took him a decade to work on the mathematics of his theory with the help of one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Do you have a research or theory or formula in physics already that is useful to mankind?
That’s my favorite thing about science. When something new is uncovered, more and more contradictory mysteries come out until eventually, the next person comes along and creates a revolution in our understanding.
As an engineer who has always been passionate about math and physics, I was intrigued by modern physics, despite neither relativity nor quantum mechanics were part of any course syllabus at my university. I studied these subjects on the side and found them really inspiring, I would go as far as to say that they gave me a novel perspective on life itself. That prompted me to create some online courses on Udemy on Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Field Theory, special and General Relativity. It’s not my job of course, but I love talking about these topics while using some mathematics for “intuition”. And I also love watching these videos Arvin, superb!
Got to disagree with you. Einstein was a brilliant physicist with revolutionary ideas of the photoelectric effect, quantum theory, differential geometry, and of course Special and General Relativity ("GR"). His theories made corrections to Newtonian Physics and Galilean Relativity, and thought experiments introduced 4D spacetime, but he had more observational data and technology than what was available at the time of Newton. The GR field equations didn't invent any new physics and still reduces back to Newton's laws for most astrophysics and engineering applications. Newtonian gravity, mechanics, and vector calculus accurately described what was available to him. We still use most of his equations and laws of motion as approximations. Along with Galileo and Kepler, Newton is the father of physics, and most consider him the greatest scientist and mathematician.
RiteMo LawBks damn point proven, and thank you for writing a constructive comment with actual arguments instead of just saying that I'm wrong, I feel like many people don't understand that this is a much better way to change peoples minds. So respect to you for taking time to write this.
@@jjpgaming7995 I love talking about physics, and I'm fascinated by the life and personality of Albert Einstein. All of the giants of physics are much smarter than I'll ever be, but Newton was a different category of genius and ahead of his time. Even Einstein himself wouldn't want to be compared to the greatest physicist and mathematician in the last millennium. The theory of General Relativity is beautifully described by the Einstein Field Equations, 4D geometry, and geodesics in curved spacetime. It's our best theory of gravity, but there aren't many people who've master it. There are also few people who completely understand Newton's Law of Universal Gravity well enough to explain why is wasn't compatible with Special Relativity. There wasn't much of a competition between Einstein and Newton, but if Newton had lived long enough to see General Relativity, he would have easily been able to understand it and would appreciate that Einstein's thought experiments finally explained the mystery of gravitation action at a distance.
I've been DEEP diving topics surrounding this subject and the 3/d graph showing the interaction between gravity and matter was like a puzzle piece and suddenly so much information clicked. I have no idea how I have not come across it but thank you so much. You have also deepend my understanding on time dilation which I was struggling with as well
Ειnςτειn was a fraud, and a bigot . ruclips.net/video/_NQSv22TD2c/видео.html “…Relativity is a begger dressed in the purple robes of the king, whom ignorant people take for a King.” Nicola Tesla.
0:09 this is such an important lesson everyone needs to teach themselves. If someone seems impossible, it doesnt mean it is. Just because our simple brains go error by any 'impossible' thought, it doesnt it is.
Arvin, since I was 15, I've watched countless, COUNTLESS videos on RUclips about general relativity. I'm 22 now, and still nothing comes close to matching your combination of scientific rigor and simplicity of explanation in this video. I just had an eureka moment. I have heard so many times that gravity bends space and time. But every other person that tried to explain why oversimplified it, and didn't walk me through the understanding, and many pieces were missing. I just love your content man. Please keep making explanations like these, putting us inside the heads of the geniuses and how they came up with their revolutions. You may actually be a revolutionary genius yourself lol.
@@yuritardid7761 is the U.S. most teachers couldn’t explain and do not grasp the theory of relativity or space time continuum at all so how could they teach it to us?
for those who cannot figure out things easily, this channel is an ultimate piece of gem. thank u very very much for all these illustrations, explanations, etc ... for everything.
In the peace and tranquillity of his office, a flash of inspiration came to him in 1907, which he later described as "the happiest thought of my life": "I was sitting on my armchair in the Bern Patent Office, when suddenly the following thought occurred to me: 'If a person is in free fall, he does not feel his own weight'. I was amazed. This simple thought made a deep impression on me. It drove me in the direction of a "theory of gravity" - and thus on the way to the general theory of relativity.
Im just amazed at how smart Mr Ash must be to be able to explain it so simply. I have watched countless videos on this topic over several years and I finally feel like I understand 50%.
Awesome!!! I believe there is a young person out there who will one day figure out what Gravity is. His/her passion for Physics will have been sparked by watching your videos. Keep up the incredible work, sir!
That’s because the first example shows space-time curved around the stationary mass, and the effect that has on the moving mass. Whereas the second example shows the effect a moving mass has on three dimensional space-time with no central mass shown at all. Not quite equivalent.
Part of the 2D explanations of general relativity or curvature is that you have to imagine that there is no "above" or "below" the stretched sheet. Light travels along the sheet because, in this analogy, the sheet is the only space that exists.
I agree! 2D is confusing, it is obvious there is something above and below but I couldn't imagine how it would look like. Now I see it for the first time, and what they tried to tell with 2D makes sense now 8:14
For the first time in 21 years I can say that I’m starting to understand relativity/gravity/time and now I’m super interested on it! I want to understand more! Thank youuuuuuu
Well the graph is wrong relative motion is not because of a 2 dimension sheet called the fabric of space it's actually infinite layers of density that's why you can't see what direction matter falls when it enters the black hole 🕳️ as it sinks and that's because the star imploded crushing it to a single point in space because of the singularity weight as it sinks it stretches the density slowing down time eventually at the end of our universe will only be black holes until they all form one with all the matter of the universe on a single point in density is enough weight to fall through to a new layer in density causing a big bang effect starting the universe over again but that is not it there is so much more you just won't believe it I even know what happens when we die and where we came from why we are here and everything really
@@ojjuicemanhe doesn't know, we don't know enoguh about our own brain to answer this question. Most likely nothing will happen tho, our concisousnous will cease to exist.
I'm in my 50's and this video is the first time I really understood time dilation as it relates to gravitational fields. Terrific video! Could have used a physics teacher like you in high school 😆
Hands down, this video gives the best clarity on the two theories of Relativity. I have watched dozens of videos and none does a better job. Thank you sir! Finally, i can say that i understand the theory and what gravity is...until I close the video and try to think of this on my own 😂
I never leave comments but this is so comprehensive. Absolute respect and love to those who made this. I have been researching dimensional geometry for a while and am overjoyed to find a video this good. This is what youtube should have been made for.
Too bad it isnt right in the least. I hate it when people are taught theory. Obviously one planet could orbit in tha manor, but add a few mor in relitve proximity in different planes of orbit and this theory falls on its nose.
Dr. Ash: I love the story about Einstein nailing Mercury's precession, and later, he and Edington et al proving the starlight displacement during the 1919 eclipse. I was particularly struck by your remark that, at one point, Einstein was "...the only person in the world" who knew what he knew. That thought gave me chills!
Oh my gosh, I’ve been watching so many videos trying to understand general and special relativity and this has been the only video that makes sense thank you so much😭😂
@8:08 As I was learning about General Relativity, I determined that the 2D plane could not be right, but I didn't know why. Of course you eventually figure out it should be in 3D, but the 2D model was confusing, especially when they extend the fields to black holes with the 'infinite' bottom. They give us the 2D representation without showing or explaining the full scale version. I thought about how it could look, but never found a good representation, until this video. If I could subscribe again, I would. I'm super thankful that science tries to dumb things down, I don't think most of us want to learn the math to enjoy the product. But there comes a point where you have to describe the next level up. We have these wonderful computer simulations, used to great effect usually, so we should change saying 'we won't use it because it's complicated', to instead, "How do we decrease complication with graphics." Thanks Arvin.
Our parents think we do time pass and watch useless things in phone.....but it is what we actually watch and these are more helpful and useful than our school studies.... Anyone agree..??
Thank you for this wonderful video. There are few things in life that rival the kind of pure transcendent joy as when the light bulb / aha moment occurs and our minds expand and we experience a new dimension of understanding.
This video is so good . Seriously I feel I can 70-80% grasp the full idea , the flow between one idea and another. Like the thought process of Einstein made so much sense. Thanks my guy
Do you believe that a patent clerk could have come up with the relative theory ? Could it have been somebody else ? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativity_priority_dispute
Yes! I’ve been trying to picture it in my mind for years and figured I was wrong cuz I never see it. Awesome! Now, how can I turn that into a tattoo. Lol
Is it me or do the 2D and 3D animations contradict each other. The 3D seems to pull space to it, the 2D seems to push it away. Trying to get this straight in my head!!
@@Simon_PieMan In the 2d simulation it shows a sheet. Imagine placing a marble on the side, it will roll to the center due to the curvature. Thus "pulling in the marble" .
Perhaps my first comments on a RUclips video. I accidentally came across your videos... I must say they are fantastic. This one, the special theory of relativity, importance of Maxwell... all so well described. And the explanations are logica with right amount of graphics. There is absolute clarity...
I did not like physics at all, but this is what my teacher instilled in the sixth grade. He made me love physics because he explains it in an easy way, far from being complicated. Everything that enters the classroom fills us with a passion for physics until we, like him, became in love with physics. My teacher, Imad Al-Zuhairi, I extend my thanks to him
To be honest for almost 20 I never understood the General relativity theory and time-dilation. But now I can grasp it and it's mind blowing. This teacher deserves an award of the century. I was enlightened! 😱 damn! this is so cool.
@@gjojxduijv9152 basically gravity distorts space and time, gravity curves the fabric of space and makes time move slower, meaning that a clock on Earth would be slightly slowly than the one on the international space station because the gravitational field is stronger on Earth
Out of all the explanations of general relativity I've watched, this was the most understandable to me. Thank you for not assuming knowledge on my part, and breaking things down for true laymen!
I always like it when you say, "well that's coming up, " just loads of endorphins released... Yes! I'm going to learn something. Best news you avoid bias and prejudice really well... Your the best type of teacher.
You took a most complex subject that even physicists during Einsteins day couldn't quite understand , I applaud sir for making a most difficult subject such as space time understandable ! Bravo 👏
I've watched dozens of videos on general relativity, trying to wrap my head around it, and this is definitely the best one I've found. I feel I've got a much stronger grasp of the concepts than I did before. Thanks!
@@aetius215 When I saw the 2D trampoline representation, I thought the same thing. I knew why they did that but the less accurate representation does a little dis-service to the theory. I've seen very similar "shortcuts" done by smart people.
this is what i thought first when i learned this at school, my classmates always believed that its a blanket-like but i would try to explain that its more like everywhere (which is 3 dimensional like the figure which i cannot still explain it at that time but i get the visual).
Arvin, you have out done yourself! Amazing video. The best one out there on this subject. I mean you even included what 3d space looks like warped! Way to level up your game!
I love videos like this! For me they simultaneously show the wisdom and the weakness of the human mind. Einstein was able to reach deep into the heart of pure science and pull out something truly amazing. Yet at the finest point, mankind, with all its wisdom and technology still has not been able to unlock the secrets of the simplicity of the function of gravity itself.
That must have been one of the biggest (if not THE biggest) 'See? I told ya!' moments in the history of mankind. I even envy Eddington. That moment of realization: 'He did it. That son of a b*tch did it!' What an emotional rollercoaster it must have been! Great video, as always! Thank you, Arvin!
So is this why there is a maximum speed “c”?! That way time HAS to alter when space is curved by big masses. Otherwise there wouldn’t be gravitation. Very well explained! Thank you!
That's an interesting take, but really the reason our universe needs a maximum speed is to preserve causality. I made a few videos about this. There could be a universe without a maximum speed, but there would be no causality there, which presumably would also preclude the existence of life.
Its amazing how a single theory proven can kick off a big bang of new idea's. kinda like a sudoku puzzle, one just needs to learn the rules of the game and find the first clue, both of wich can take a lifetime. I absolutely love your video's, theres none other i love to hear explaining things more then you! You sir, are defenitly one of my favorite professors :D.
Totally! Completely changed the face of science as we know it. Can't believe they figured out that outer space works so differently than life on earth! :)
I am still confused. If millers planet was affected by gravity, time should run faster there, right ? For the light to be able to maintain same speed, it would need more time(say 20 hrs on millers vs 10 hrs on earth), but in the movie it's shown opposite. What am I missing?
@@nishantjain241 u missed to understand it correctly..its the other way around bro. Miller's planet seems to like having a far greater mass than earth. Mass create gravity. Gravity curve space-time. Curved space-time = longer or greater distance. Speed = Distance / Time. To maintain the same speed, with a greater distance, that means time should go smaller/faster (like u said before). That means, for example 1 second at earth = 0.5 seconds at miller's planet. That means, wut happen at miller's planet is faster 2 times than at earth (since 0.5 = half of 1). So that means, everything he did there is actually more time-consuming then wut he actually feels/experience, because time goes faster there. And to made it simple, for this example, if he go back to earth after spending 1 year at miller's planet, then everyone around him would look like a year older than him (since he only experienced 1 year, while at earth, 2 years already passed). Get it?
amazing explanation! i have a science test tomorrow, and honestly the textbook’s very boring, these videos make those boring topics so interesting! the animation was lovely too!
That's incredible!! I actually understood what you said. Thank you so much for that easy-to-understand video. Of course I have a PhD and I've been trying to figure this out for about 20 years, but it's the first time I really understood it.
I think someone accidentally inverted it or something though, I think it would make a lot more sense if it was shown to expand the space time around it rather than contract it as it does.
It’s a watered-down vision for children. Relativity is the Truth and nothing can exist apart from the Truth! Amen! Reality is darker! This video only talks about two or three phenomena consistent with relativity. What about black mass? What about dark energy? What about the total incompatibility between the mathematical and therefore continuous relativistic view and the discontinuous view of quantum mechanics? What about the Sagnac experience? What about Professor Allais's statistics? And so on and so forth, and some of the best! Check out the list in the video: the collapse of physics ruclips.net/video/QA5b-moh4o0/видео.html
@@christiansutterlin7127 true because I’m in elementary school and I understand this vid except that there’s only so much you can explain and Arvin’s explanation is the best there is
8:10 Best rendition of space time. After seeing so many bowling balls on rubber membranes, this video gets it right! And explains why so many membrane animations to boot. 11:05 Best explanation ever. Time has to give way in higher gravity. What a well-made video!
I have a question- When we say something is bent or curved, that means its bent or curved along the additional dimension. e.g. when a line is curved, it needs 2D representation to describe. Similarly, when plan is curved, it comes 3D object. Likewise, when you say space (3D) is curved, or spacetime (4D) is curved, does it actually involve next dimension to describe the curvature? If not, why? If yes, then what's that fifth dimension and nowhere described in Einstein's theory.
That only depends on how we interpret the dimensions. We have an instinct to view dimensions in straight lines i.e. Euclidean Space. When we think of 1D, we imagine a straight line. When we think of 2D, we imagine a plane. But what if I was restricted to go on a circle and I have no other knowledge of any dimensions. Then, I would be in 1D, since I need only one number to describe my position given a reference point. Now, imagine a world where there is no way to find out whether the Earth is spherical or not and everything looks flat to us on the surface. So, for us that is 2D. To describe the position of any point on a fixed circle, I need only one number (the angle from a starting position). Similarly, to describe the position of any point on Earth requires only two numbers (longitude and latitude). And that's exactly what's happening with spacetime and gravity. We have no way to find out whether there is a fifth dimension and we are restricted in this particular version of spacetime, we need only four numbers to describe our position in spacetime. Hence, we live in 4D.
The mathematician Riemann posed himself the question how we can determine the curvature of a n-dimensional manifold WITHOUT making reference to a higher n+1 dimensional manifold (e.g. the curvature of a the 2-dim surface of a sphere in 3 dimension without looking into 3d ) and developped an mathematical theory to answer this question. E.g. you can determine the curvature or radius of the surface of a sphere by measuring the angles of a triangle on this sphere which will not sum up to be 180° as in flat 3-dim space. Einstein used this kind of Riemann geometry to define curvature of 4dim spaceTime without the need to refer to a 5th dimension. Ok, he had to generalise Riemann geometry it a little bit because an infintesimal straight line maintains its lenght (e.g. dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2) under rotations in space which is not the case in special relativity any more , here the 4-dim "Eigenzeit" (dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2 -c*dt^2) maintains its length under so called Lorentz coordinate transformations. And so infintesimal "distances" in general relativity also transform like the flat spaceTime of special relativity. But astounding coincidence: Riemann some 50 years ealier really paved the way for Einstein to be able for formulate his theory mathematically to be able to make precise predictions. No idea whether or not a "flat" 5th dimension REALLY exists; anyway to find the formulation its was not necessary.
Thank you, as the first time I saw the simplest explanation of time dilation and very easy to understand space-time.. great minds explain the most difficult things in the simplest manner!
I love how Einstein, one guy, went up against the entire scientific "consensus" and proved everyone wrong. I wish he would have lived long enough to figure out how to tie quantum mechanics in. The random/probability-based nature of quantum mechanics makes it seem like we are missing the real underlying nature of what's going on. It's better than nothing, but really doesn't seem complete.
surprised they did not fire him, cancel him, smear him, delete him, and demand an apology to the planet Mercury as it's feelings might be hurt. All the stuff the libs who hate independent thought do.
The best part of the video for me was the more accurate depiction of 3D interaction of gravity and matter. In many videos and explanations I was confused by that 2D model and why the plane was bent only the one way. Also it confused me a lot why then, or better to say how then gravity is observed the same everywhere on earth.
7:48 yes, i loved to see that note. Other videos with that trampoline *analogy* should have such a not. Thus guy finally explains it (very well): ruclips.net/video/wrwgIjBUYVc/видео.html "A new way to visualize General Relativity".
When you see it, it's like oh cool. But when you actually start thinking about it, it's so insane.
kim iamkajorn why did you have to put your ego in here smh the comment section was a vibe
Yeah when he did the thought experiment and explained Einstein’s “maybe it is taking the shortest route” I finally understood
@@ninjaslash52_98 I’ve literally just been thinking about how mind blowingly cool all this stuff is. Mostly it’s just admiration at Einstein’s ability to forget everything he thought he knew and question everything. This theory was 70 years ahead of its time. And he did it when he was 25. I’ve watched about 2-3 videos in relativity and never got it until now. And boy does it feel good to connect the dots on something so mind blowing.
@@kimiamkajorn9393.....you inserted your ego by saying: "it is not hard at all haha"!....@Roast Me was right!...smh2
Absolute right
Now I know how my dog feels when I'm talking to it.
Underrated comment 🤣
My man
lmao!!
this is so true
ekfkefjjerkfn
*wags tail.. smiles back
Shout out to the window washer. Without him this video would not exist.
And to the apple that fell on newton's head. without that, newton wouldn't have invented gravity (just a joke, chill bois)
Shoutout to fruit and dirt.
I'm old but you're welcome.
@@mathematicalninja2756 And if Newton hadn't invented gravity, the window washer would not fall.
@@jfq7223 thats hilarious 😂😂👍
The explanation around 10:50 was a perfect summary of how time can be affected by gravity. I never fully got it until hearing that.
Same here.
Same
Same here. However, I still don’t understand why the speed of light is a constant.
@@osagiezogieif you go back to 10:30, the presumption is that the speed of light is constant regardless of the perspective.
It's actually Not for gravity
I guess It's for mass
More mass more curve
Imagine being that window washer and living your whole life completely oblivious to the fact that you helped Albert Einstein figure out how the entire universe worked.
General relativity doesn't explain "the entire universe", it explains gravity
@@hdj2jmdn746 the universe wouldn't work without gravity biatch
@@hdj2jmdn746 nevertheless I apologise for the hyperbole. If I had said gravity instead the joke would have been much funnier. No sarcasm
Window washers are a proud people, and live a dignified, forthright life 😤✊
@@hdj2jmdn746 ya... but without the General Theory of Relativity we would be hundreds of years behind in understanding how the universe worked
2 things that make those videos great :
1. The animations
2. The quality of the questions he asks. It's like he's in your head. I hate it so much when people pretend to explain a concept and leave obvious questions unanswered.
Thank you Arvin Ash.
RANDOM recommendation for education:
Best social commentary i know: Hbomberguy. Just sayin'.
Also, he's funny af.
sometimes a 14-minute video does more justice than those 14 years at school!
False
Purple
Then that must be one bad school.
Very true
Because in school the goal of every student is to get a diploma and get hired and earn a salary.
Damn! This guy really breaks it down because he understands it properly. Not a single other video online can simplify it like he could. Kudos Arvin, you're amazing!
Well, it still takes him 14 fuckin minutes to explain it. That’s too long
@@MyVideos-fm7ug your reply is killing me😂
@@sushiiroll844 some of us don’t have the patience or even 14 minutes to hear about one of Albert’s delusions. It sounds more like the byproducts of his own insanity more than anything
@@MyVideos-fm7ug imagine calling einstein delusional lmao, if einsteins theories are just delusins than tell us what you know about space an give us a new theory of how space works
@@meruutrnenjnjnj He WAS delusional and belonged in a mental institution
Im a clerk. And also discovered a theory of relatively of time. Time slowdowns on monday. And speeds up on payroll day.
I found that time slows even more on Friday afternoon near the end of the workday, and speeds up during the weekend.
@@wayneyadams no joke
Hahaha. Thanks. Enjoyed that. Too bad you weren't a patent clerk. You'd be on your way. Methinks that's what Albert did. "Hey, I'll just get my own patent on this, myself." So he did. "Hmmm. Seems like a weird theory, but look, it's already been patented. I guess it's true. Tell the world."
Genius...
Brilliant
And yet there are people who still believe in flat earth
Really sad I might add.
If the Earth were really flat, Cats would have shoved everything off of the edge by now.
Oswald Cobblepot I’ve seen that joke millions of times.
You can’t be religious and say the earth isn’t flat
You must be the Grand Ayatollah. What else can we not be, your holiness?
Stuff like this is so interesting to me. I’m a 16 year old who doesn’t like school, and yet my science teacher was passionate enough about physics and astronomy/cosmology that it got me so invested in it to the point where I go out of my way to look up things like this just because it’s so mind-blowing!
Sameee
I’m also 16 and just completely immersed in learning everything because the knowledge is out there!!
Same here , I m 12
Same 16 too, Einstein and Tesla are my rome models
@@tervicke487 Let me tell you, don't let bad teachers and peers at school demotivate you! There's better people out there who are researching on fascinating stuff like this!
Really beautifully explained. I especially appreciate the reminder that distortion in the spacetime fabric occurs in three dimensions, not just in the 2 dimensions we are often shown in graphics. Mr Ash is wonderfully skilled in presenting this material.
I can't thank you enough for making this. I'm 32, and for almost 20 years I thought never in my life would I ever be able to really understand this, I thought I simply wasn't smart enough to ever truly grasp it, but now, thanks to you, I feel I can begin to visualize it, got a lot more to learn of course, but I'm certain that I'll comprehend it.
Thank you, this made me incredibly happy.
Happy for you.
He was blowing smoke the whole time. No questions answered.
wait till you see the math..
@@user-yr4os6jz4r yeah... riiiiiight. Which explains the enormous mountains of evidence backing up the theory he's discussing, and zero evidence disproving it... sure, dude. You betcha.
🙄
It's a great feeling, isn't it, Abraham? I really enjoy that feeling learning something from a source that finally helps it just _click_ in my mind and make *sense!* I'm happy for you! 🖖🏼🙂👍🏼
This channel is incredibly good at explaining concepts that I've heard hundreds of times, but presenting them in a way so that I can actually UNDERSTAND them.
physics by eugine? is another great one for complex stuff like this. their animations and repetition really push the points well.
@@scottmiller4295 Yeah!!...Its just a great channel!😍🤗
twit.
I had exactly tgebsame thought lol
Hey guys if u love to learn quantum mysteries then visit my science channel u gonna love it
This guy is a genius for making it so easy to understand
No actually Einstein is the genius for making it so easy lol it is literally considered a theory of extraordinary beauty because of its simplicity.
@@michaelvaughan8 No ordinary person can explain general relativity to a teenager easily
we are all genius!!!
@@vedantsridhar8378 I’m ten and he explained it so beautifully that I didn’t have to think twice about this theory
@@ballin1006 Well then this means your physics understanding skills is extremely above average(so in a sense you're very smart), but also Arvin Ash is smart to simplify it that good, while Einstein was a genius to have invented it in the first place.
Great video. Thank you for this simplified version of a complex theory.
What I learned from this video:
1. Gravity is caused by massive objects in space. How these massive objects cause gravity is unknown till date. (Understood)
2. Gravity curves light as it takes the shortest path between two points. (Understood)
3. Gravity also curves time and so the time near the source of gravity passes slower. (Confusing concept; need to research more)
4. Gravity curves space as well that result in objects moving around the massive objects. (Understood)
4. Gravity concept in actual is a 3d model showed in this video. (Confusing concept; need to research more).
If you guys can create additional bullets for us noobs to understand gravity, it would be appreciated.
Nice and everything ok; but ..... there is No Gravity, M8 ^
"Time is not absolute"
Gives me chills....
@Terrance Smith our experience of time is absolute, it changes w.r.t experience of other things.
Yeah its kind of scary and gives off a feeling that MAYBE time is just an illusion
seeing as time now isnt absolute and grounded just makes it feel like every force in the universe is just floating around without ground to stand on, like gravity and time can be influenced and changed, and space is also expanding and moving, stretching.
just makes me feel like the universe isnt the absolute reality because how can infinity expand into something that doesnt exist, maybe the universe just exists as space within a space that you can travel into by going "outside".
I really think that CS Lewis was on to something in the Magicians Nephew. The way the universe/universes are presented in that book is beyond anything I ever thought.
Time is not real at all
Finally, 16 years after my graduation someone properly explained it! Great Video
RUclips University I wish it existed in 1960.
I wish Einstein was my teacher
The only problem is that I know how it works but not why it works.
@@isnc24bmusic25 what? What do you mean why does is work
@@captainprice2346 What actually is the cause for mass causing space to bend. I mean we still have no idea why it does this.
for the how im just saying. I know that mass bends space, and that light takes the shortest path in between point a and point b, so light must be moving faster to account for the extra linear distance to our point of view.
You can’t find a better explanation on the web explaining why time actually runs slower in gravitational fields or at lightspeed.
So true..
Here's another really good one explaining why it works
ruclips.net/video/jhpKUapI3cY/видео.html
The Science Asylum has some videos on the subject, also with excellent visual simple explanations - check out the playlist on Gravity as Spacetime Curvature, it is put simply: Great squirrel
ruclips.net/p/PLOVL_fPox2K83_36YgnGisn4rxNvgq1iR
True
Time doesn't move from light speeds perspective.
If you were to move at light speed you would effectively arrive in a time further along the line without aging. Travel at light speed for a thousand years; you would not age or start to age until you stopped.
Watching videos like this at 3:00 a.m. instead of sleeping just hits different
I have watched dozens of videos about relativity in an attempt to understand it completely. I have read Einstein's book called relativity, and I have talked to physicists about this in real life. This video does more to explain the theory than anything else I've ever seen. Thank you and cheers. I still don't totally understand relativity, but then again, I'm told there's only about 12 people on Earth that truly do.
Ditto what Steven said. Toda raba.
@@Asthepersianssay That's what I saw in a documentary. There aren't just 12 people (that was 10 years ago) understand the concept of it. That would be ludicrous becusse there are God knows how many videos on RUclips exist explaining the CONCEPT of relativity. They were referring to the number of people that can understand and DO the math.
and none of the 12 agree!
Einstein himself doesn't understand it.
lmao
Mr. Arvin Ash, you are the first person who have made me understand this whole mystery very clearly. Whatever the lectures I watched, my understanding was completely obscured.
I hope you would keep simplifying scientific topics and uploading new videos as time passes by.
I wish you a very active brain and good health. Thank you.
I was going to comment this too. For so many years I never understood this and tried to understand it myself. And this video just completed me. I'm so happy now. Can't wait for the release of what gravity is.
@@rgogue when I read this facts in my own language, I did not even understand. However, his lecture is very simple, to the point and easily understandable
He didn't explain it correctly
@@hosoiarchives4858 I assumed he couldn't. Simplifying something so incredibly complex will never be conveyed fully. Or if you're saying he actually did something wrong I would like to know. Either way this did help me understand it more and gave me a easier stepping stone into science.
@@rgogue the most important part was the end where Einstein and QM are at odds. QM is going to win. We still don't understand the universe and Einstein is likely a placeholder
Sir, I am a second year engineering student, and this is the first time that I've (At least I think) I understood the General Relativity. Thank you so much!
I am no expert but the shortest distance between two points is a straight line which is not the same as the quickest which can be a curve.
@@sjm7284 I cannot understand what you're trying to say here
@@sjm7284 Well you are right about that if its on a straight plane but earth isnt straight. Im assuming you are talking about 05:50 of course. If we open earths surface on a 2d dimension we will see that curve is actually is a straight line.
@@cagrsendil9879 oh ya, what a trip!
It's good that you said "at least I think" because you certainly don't understand the gravitational time dilation part of the theory based on this vid. At 10:20, the explanation given for it is NOT correct. It says that the greater distance traveled by a light beam in a gravitational field requires a greater amount of time to pass (to keep the speed of light constant) and that this means time has to slow down. But this is a contradiction - for more time to pass, clocks have to run faster, not slower! If anyone knows of a valid way to explain gravitational time dilation, please let us know.
I'm a 15 year old who before didn't like school and my physics teacher is old but he's so passionate about physics and math that it got me invested in it and now I look up things like this because it's so freaking amazing
To think of the genius that Einstein possessed is incredible. How he was able to think all of this through back in the early 20th century with a lot of naysayers trying to discredit him just for good measure and still knock it out of the park and revolutionise physics and humans understanding of the universe is just legendary.
Could it have been somebody else ? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativity_priority_dispute
ruclips.net/video/JlfW2rSljEQ/видео.html
For beginners
@@marek528 Lorentz, poincare laid ground, Einstein built the towers. He himself said he stood on shoulders of giants.
I watched “why is the speed of light what it is” from this channel right after this video and spent a good hour connecting all the dots between concepts I have read a 1000 times before. Basically went from electromagnetism (maxwells equations) -> generation of electromagnetic waves (astounding explanation!) -> propagation through space at a constant speed -> forcing gravity to cause curvature of space -> which in turn affecting time -> thus the idea of space-time. Amazing explanation! Was sure an eureka moment for me.
That is an excellent connection to visualize from the two videos!
Wow! It's a nice way to visualize!
@@ArvinAsh if till now science isn't able to explain gravity then Tell us something that we still fail to explain about gravity ?
@@mr.ramchandermishra2181 everything.
@@JesusGonzalez-vy1fx give me a eg plz
It’s crazy we used to have to read books to learn stuff like this
We need practice also maybe we need to fall from a window and find out more about Gravity
"you know that thing, general relativity?"
"yes!"
"Ok, I have this formula here.. and this here.... please, solve them and put on my desk tomorrow."
you still have. Understanding and learning are quite different.
@RJ Weissenborn.......What are books?.....Can I find them on the net??
@Jason Shearin there are books on flat earth
@@donaldjohnson257 yes and you can also download a free narrator that will read all the books to you forever and never stop or get tired I dood it all the time
Thanks. I'm getting closer to being less confused about special relativity thanks to this video. The more it's simplified the clearer the complexities come into focus. Keep up the good work with these videos.
wow wow wow.... That is the simplest and at the same time most complete explanation of relativity I have EVER seen or read. I can now explain what relativity is without using mathematics, the kind of which I am anyway incapable of. Dear Mr. Arvin, you have done a fabulous job. Congratulations. I want to specially give you credit for one thing: almost all the explanations on relativity, however simple they claim to be, straightaway jump to using the conjoined term 'spacetime' without ever caring to explain, as you put it, "how come time jumps in the picture". You cared to explain the two concepts separately. Brilliant. Now I know why we use 'spacetime' while discussing relativity.
So Einstein got the idea of equivalence between acceleration in space and gravity on Earth by a simple thought experiment which eventually led to his postulating that matter bends space around it. Was there a similar simple thought experiment that led him to think that light's speed must be constant in all frames of references?
In the end, I understand from this video that Einstein's first step towards his revolutionary theories was freedom of thought. Can we say that? I was under the impression so far that he already must have thought about the mathematics of this theory before proposing it. But I guess he had simple ideas, had the courage to work on them and then figured out the mathematics later. Schools and Colleges, even today, tend to box the thinking of students. It is a horrible practise. If a student were to challenge the theories of Einstein, he would surely be ridiculed like how Einstein was initially. Thats horrible.
@@app_game_system Agreed. But schools are doing a great disservice to humanity by presenting to kids a perfect world where all the mysteries have been worked out and there is nothing left to wonder about. I used to get rebellious thoughts when I was taught Newton's law of gravity back in school. I would ask my teacher, 'if Earth is constantly in motion, and Sun is responsible for it, then there is work being done constantly and that means someone must be spending energy to do all that'. Constant force implies constant spending of energy. I don't remember any of my physics teachers wanting to spend time with me on convincing me or telling me that in fact, gravity was never a force.
Wow
I agree 100% with you
Arvin, your students are so lucky to have a professor like you. Thank you so much for this. Keep it up.
Agreed... He explains everything so nicely 👌🏽👌🏽💯💯
@@burhanuddinaranpurwala8892 ss
Hey guys if u love to learn quantum mysteries then visit my science channel u gonna love it
@Enter the Bragn’ It's not physics? Tht must mean you're better than Einstein to say that.
@Enter the Bragn’ Worst theory in history? His theory revolutionized our understanding of our reality. It took him a decade to work on the mathematics of his theory with the help of one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Do you have a research or theory or formula in physics already that is useful to mankind?
I have been struggling for years to grasp the concept of general relativity. So happy I found this video. You explain it so well. Thank you!
ruclips.net/video/OQ-WV18BBIo/видео.html
Totally
let's get knowledge about Einstein Theory of General Theory of Relativity :
www.phyzicsfacts.com/2020/08/que-what-is-difference-between-general.html
I wouldn't bother struggling to understand a concept that is so laughably wrong.
If you smoke some weed it will all make sense.
That’s my favorite thing about science. When something new is uncovered, more and more contradictory mysteries come out until eventually, the next person comes along and creates a revolution in our understanding.
As an engineer who has always been passionate about math and physics, I was intrigued by modern physics, despite neither relativity nor quantum mechanics were part of any course syllabus at my university. I studied these subjects on the side and found them really inspiring, I would go as far as to say that they gave me a novel perspective on life itself. That prompted me to create some online courses on Udemy on Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Field Theory, special and General Relativity. It’s not my job of course, but I love talking about these topics while using some mathematics for “intuition”. And I also love watching these videos Arvin, superb!
They are all models and theories. Nothing true. I don't think reality has so many faces as you have mentioned.
0:16 "how dare he challenge the greatest scientist that ever lived"
Einstein: "bitch I am one of the greatest scientist that ever lived"
Got to disagree with you. Einstein was a brilliant physicist with revolutionary ideas of the photoelectric effect, quantum theory, differential geometry, and of course Special and General Relativity ("GR").
His theories made corrections to Newtonian Physics and Galilean Relativity, and thought experiments introduced 4D spacetime, but he had more observational data and technology than what was available at the time of Newton.
The GR field equations didn't invent any new physics and still reduces back to Newton's laws for most astrophysics and engineering applications.
Newtonian gravity, mechanics, and vector calculus accurately described what was available to him. We still use most of his equations and laws of motion as approximations.
Along with Galileo and Kepler, Newton is the father of physics, and most consider him the greatest scientist and mathematician.
RiteMo LawBks damn point proven, and thank you for writing a constructive comment with actual arguments instead of just saying that I'm wrong, I feel like many people don't understand that this is a much better way to change peoples minds. So respect to you for taking time to write this.
@@jjpgaming7995 I love talking about physics, and I'm fascinated by the life and personality of Albert Einstein. All of the giants of physics are much smarter than I'll ever be, but Newton was a different category of genius and ahead of his time.
Even Einstein himself wouldn't want to be compared to the greatest physicist and mathematician in the last millennium. The theory of General Relativity is beautifully described by the Einstein Field Equations, 4D geometry, and geodesics in curved spacetime. It's our best theory of gravity, but there aren't many people who've master it. There are also few people who completely understand Newton's Law of Universal Gravity well enough to explain why is wasn't compatible with Special Relativity.
There wasn't much of a competition between Einstein and Newton, but if Newton had lived long enough to see General Relativity, he would have easily been able to understand it and would appreciate that Einstein's thought experiments finally explained the mystery of gravitation action at a distance.
@@ritemolawbks8012 so Galileo Kepler and Newton laid out the pieces, and Einstein put them together
@@capshorts00 The point is all of em gave something to the humanity and science.
You are a bacterium that breaks down complex concepts into simpler ones.
lol weirdest but most accurate compliment ever
@@ajcook7777 did you just write an essay to complain about hand gestures on a scientific video?
What a compliment!
Or an enzyme?
Hey guys if u love to learn quantum mysteries then visit my science channel u gonna love it
I've been DEEP diving topics surrounding this subject and the 3/d graph showing the interaction between gravity and matter was like a puzzle piece and suddenly so much information clicked. I have no idea how I have not come across it but thank you so much. You have also deepend my understanding on time dilation which I was struggling with as well
By far, this is one of the best explanations of general relativity I have encountered. Well done, Arvin!
Ειnςτειn was a fraud, and a bigot .
ruclips.net/video/_NQSv22TD2c/видео.html
“…Relativity is a begger dressed in the purple robes of the king, whom ignorant people take for a King.” Nicola Tesla.
absolutely amazing explanation
That tells a lot of your researching abilities.
Man, Einstein was just built different.
Fr
He had a nice rump...
Sometimes it is simply a mixture of intelligence and a willingness to not accept “settled” science!
@@frankphillips7436 A la The Ramones!
He is big boned.... in science!
I want you to be my teacher. The way you talk is so intriguing and it makes me wanna learn more and know more about it!!! Love ur content
If you want a more entertaining version, just watch Hot Tub Time Machine.
Agreed. This guy is great!
Oh cmon we all know we wouldn't have listened anyway unless he had the visualization like the ones in the video
0:09 this is such an important lesson everyone needs to teach themselves. If someone seems impossible, it doesnt mean it is. Just because our simple brains go error by any 'impossible' thought, it doesnt it is.
Arvin, since I was 15, I've watched countless, COUNTLESS videos on RUclips about general relativity. I'm 22 now, and still nothing comes close to matching your combination of scientific rigor and simplicity of explanation in this video. I just had an eureka moment.
I have heard so many times that gravity bends space and time. But every other person that tried to explain why oversimplified it, and didn't walk me through the understanding, and many pieces were missing.
I just love your content man. Please keep making explanations like these, putting us inside the heads of the geniuses and how they came up with their revolutions. You may actually be a revolutionary genius yourself lol.
Thanks my friend. Glad you found it helpful.
This is how high school teachers should be!
School:why you so stupid!
Me:that's why l am here
I think teachers should use animations and simulations like this guy , its make it much easier to visualize what they're explaining
@@kheivin8211 you made me emotional
@@rinkisinha7762 ok
@@yuritardid7761 is the U.S. most teachers couldn’t explain and do not grasp the theory of relativity or space time continuum at all so how could they teach it to us?
Never imagned that someone could explain this in just 14 min. Hats off to you, Sir.
for those who cannot figure out things easily, this channel is an ultimate piece of gem. thank u very very much for all these illustrations, explanations, etc ... for everything.
Great teachers can explain difficult matter in simple terms. You Mr. Ash are one of them
In the peace and tranquillity of his office, a flash of inspiration came to him in 1907, which he later described as "the happiest thought of my life": "I was sitting on my armchair in the Bern Patent Office, when suddenly the following thought occurred to me: 'If a person is in free fall, he does not feel his own weight'. I was amazed. This simple thought made a deep impression on me. It drove me in the direction of a "theory of gravity" - and thus on the way to the general theory of relativity.
It was the time part of his theory that I never understood. This video finally dumbed it down enough to where I can understand it.
Me too. Finally!
It's great to get the precise and untold theories in school, here for a 17yo student like me.
Im just amazed at how smart Mr Ash must be to be able to explain it so simply. I have watched countless videos on this topic over several years and I finally feel like I understand 50%.
@Ligia Gom really? What's the accurate theory then?
Awesome!!! I believe there is a young person out there who will one day figure out what Gravity is. His/her passion for Physics will have been sparked by watching your videos. Keep up the incredible work, sir!
This is the first time I've ever seen a 3D representation of how matter interacts with spacetime and it makes so much more sense to me now
thank you for showing the true 3-D effect and not the "trampoline" depiction every other channel uses!!
8:09 is perfect
2d version confuses me alot
Yes. I wondered what was missing.
That’s because the first example shows space-time curved around the stationary mass, and the effect that has on the moving mass. Whereas the second example shows the effect a moving mass has on three dimensional space-time with no central mass shown at all. Not quite equivalent.
Part of the 2D explanations of general relativity or curvature is that you have to imagine that there is no "above" or "below" the stretched sheet. Light travels along the sheet because, in this analogy, the sheet is the only space that exists.
There is no North South East etc. . .
I agree! 2D is confusing, it is obvious there is something above and below but I couldn't imagine how it would look like. Now I see it for the first time, and what they tried to tell with 2D makes sense now 8:14
For the first time in 21 years I can say that I’m starting to understand relativity/gravity/time and now I’m super interested on it! I want to understand more! Thank youuuuuuu
Well the graph is wrong relative motion is not because of a 2 dimension sheet called the fabric of space it's actually infinite layers of density that's why you can't see what direction matter falls when it enters the black hole 🕳️ as it sinks and that's because the star imploded crushing it to a single point in space because of the singularity weight as it sinks it stretches the density slowing down time eventually at the end of our universe will only be black holes until they all form one with all the matter of the universe on a single point in density is enough weight to fall through to a new layer in density causing a big bang effect starting the universe over again but that is not it there is so much more you just won't believe it I even know what happens when we die and where we came from why we are here and everything really
@@alanmassie1585 damn bruh u god?
@@alanmassie1585alright I'll bite what happens after we die?
@@ojjuicemanhe doesn't know, we don't know enoguh about our own brain to answer this question. Most likely nothing will happen tho, our concisousnous will cease to exist.
I'm in my 50's and this video is the first time I really understood time dilation as it relates to gravitational fields. Terrific video! Could have used a physics teacher like you in high school 😆
Ειnstειn is a fraud.
you say youre physics teacher wasnt good. ill tell that to him
Hands down, this video gives the best clarity on the two theories of Relativity. I have watched dozens of videos and none does a better job. Thank you sir!
Finally, i can say that i understand the theory and what gravity is...until I close the video and try to think of this on my own 😂
I never leave comments but this is so comprehensive. Absolute respect and love to those who made this. I have been researching dimensional geometry for a while and am overjoyed to find a video this good. This is what youtube should have been made for.
Too bad it isnt right in the least. I hate it when people are taught theory. Obviously one planet could orbit in tha manor, but add a few mor in relitve proximity in different planes of orbit and this theory falls on its nose.
Okay, you were already THE BEST at explaining difficult concepts - but now you've stepped up to a whole 'nother level!
Dr. Ash: I love the story about Einstein nailing Mercury's precession, and later, he and Edington et al proving the starlight displacement during the 1919 eclipse. I was particularly struck by your remark that, at one point, Einstein was "...the only person in the world" who knew what he knew. That thought gave me chills!
Oh my gosh, I’ve been watching so many videos trying to understand general and special relativity and this has been the only video that makes sense thank you so much😭😂
Thank you for 14 of the best minutes of my life...
Mike you need to get out more...
@8:08 As I was learning about General Relativity, I determined that the 2D plane could not be right, but I didn't know why. Of course you eventually figure out it should be in 3D, but the 2D model was confusing, especially when they extend the fields to black holes with the 'infinite' bottom. They give us the 2D representation without showing or explaining the full scale version. I thought about how it could look, but never found a good representation, until this video. If I could subscribe again, I would.
I'm super thankful that science tries to dumb things down, I don't think most of us want to learn the math to enjoy the product. But there comes a point where you have to describe the next level up. We have these wonderful computer simulations, used to great effect usually, so we should change saying 'we won't use it because it's complicated', to instead, "How do we decrease complication with graphics." Thanks Arvin.
Our parents think we do time pass and watch useless things in phone.....but it is what we actually watch and these are more helpful and useful than our school studies....
Anyone agree..??
Yup,all of these useless boring lectures should not exist
Agree Completely. 🇺🇸 🇮🇹
@Conie Caldera Meraz bro I literally blame tiktok for all of our worlds problems.
Agree
Thank you for this wonderful video. There are few things in life that rival the kind of pure transcendent joy as when the light bulb / aha moment occurs and our minds expand and we experience a new dimension of understanding.
This video is so good . Seriously I feel I can 70-80% grasp the full idea , the flow between one idea and another. Like the thought process of Einstein made so much sense. Thanks my guy
Do you believe that a patent clerk could have come up with the relative theory ? Could it have been somebody else ? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativity_priority_dispute
I really liked the 3d version at 8:09 awesome!
That's the first demo of space curving that's actually made understand it. I've never understood the old bowling ball on a sheet explanation :)
Yes! I’ve been trying to picture it in my mind for years and figured I was wrong cuz I never see it. Awesome! Now, how can I turn that into a tattoo. Lol
Is it me or do the 2D and 3D animations contradict each other. The 3D seems to pull space to it, the 2D seems to push it away. Trying to get this straight in my head!!
Si PieMan you nailed it. sam question from myside also
@@Simon_PieMan In the 2d simulation it shows a sheet. Imagine placing a marble on the side, it will roll to the center due to the curvature. Thus "pulling in the marble" .
Perhaps my first comments on a RUclips video.
I accidentally came across your videos... I must say they are fantastic.
This one, the special theory of relativity, importance of Maxwell... all so well described.
And the explanations are logica with right amount of graphics. There is absolute clarity...
I did not like physics at all, but this is what my teacher instilled in the sixth grade. He made me love physics because he explains it in an easy way, far from being complicated. Everything that enters the classroom fills us with a passion for physics until we, like him, became in love with physics.
My teacher, Imad Al-Zuhairi, I extend my thanks to him
8:16 That’s a great way to visualize the effect matter has on space time. I have never seen it presented in this way before. Really cool!
Coz it is for kids
same here. the 2d projection never made any sense to me but i now feel like i understand visually how mass distorts space
Exactly , it made all the difference to me also
To be honest for almost 20 I never understood the General relativity theory and time-dilation. But now I can grasp it and it's mind blowing. This teacher deserves an award of the century. I was enlightened! 😱 damn! this is so cool.
@@Skatedgelife I am kids
This is the best video about this topic I have ever watched! I finally understand.
Bro please explain me please I can't understand
@@gjojxduijv9152 which part didn't you understand?
@@gjojxduijv9152 basically gravity distorts space and time, gravity curves the fabric of space and makes time move slower, meaning that a clock on Earth would be slightly slowly than the one on the international space station because the gravitational field is stronger on Earth
@@yuritardid7761 yes bro now I'm clear
@@yuritardid7761where r u from
There's just something about listening to a smart person talk. It's just a breath of fresh air.
😂
Out of all the explanations of general relativity I've watched, this was the most understandable to me. Thank you for not assuming knowledge on my part, and breaking things down for true laymen!
I always like it when you say, "well that's coming up, "
just loads of endorphins released... Yes! I'm going to learn something.
Best news you avoid bias and prejudice really well... Your the best type of teacher.
i'm tearing up. i finally understood time dilation. i cannot thank you enough.
You took a most complex subject that even physicists during Einsteins day couldn't quite understand , I applaud sir for making a most difficult subject such as space time understandable ! Bravo 👏
Now do something useful with this if you can
Could it have been somebody else ? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativity_priority_dispute
I've watched dozens of videos on general relativity, trying to wrap my head around it, and this is definitely the best one I've found. I feel I've got a much stronger grasp of the concepts than I did before. Thanks!
*The 3D model for the curvature of space really helped.*
8:08 Ahh,, finally. Someone showed it perfectly.
I really hated that other 2D animation which is misleading and is always used.
@@aetius215 When I saw the 2D trampoline representation, I thought the same thing. I knew why they did that but the less accurate representation does a little dis-service to the theory. I've seen very similar "shortcuts" done by smart people.
and feels satisfying to watch
Imperfectly ... he missed the most important bit ... the qualification BY einstein when the theory holds true ... in a steady state environment.
this is what i thought first when i learned this at school, my classmates always believed that its a blanket-like but i would try to explain that its more like everywhere (which is 3 dimensional like the figure which i cannot still explain it at that time but i get the visual).
Speaking of relative time: that was the fastest 14 minutes I've ever experienced!
After watching countless videos on yt you were the first to make make fully understand time dilation, thank you
Arvin, you have out done yourself! Amazing video. The best one out there on this subject. I mean you even included what 3d space looks like warped! Way to level up your game!
I love videos like this! For me they simultaneously show the wisdom and the weakness of the human mind. Einstein was able to reach deep into the heart of pure science and pull out something truly amazing.
Yet at the finest point, mankind, with all its wisdom and technology still has not been able to unlock the secrets of the simplicity of the function of gravity itself.
No, we understand the "simplicity of the function" of gravity, we just don't understand what it really is and why, or even how, it exists.
That must have been one of the biggest (if not THE biggest) 'See? I told ya!' moments in the history of mankind. I even envy Eddington. That moment of realization: 'He did it. That son of a b*tch did it!' What an emotional rollercoaster it must have been!
Great video, as always! Thank you, Arvin!
So is this why there is a maximum speed “c”?! That way time HAS to alter when space is curved by big masses. Otherwise there wouldn’t be gravitation. Very well explained! Thank you!
That's an interesting take, but really the reason our universe needs a maximum speed is to preserve causality. I made a few videos about this. There could be a universe without a maximum speed, but there would be no causality there, which presumably would also preclude the existence of life.
Its amazing how a single theory proven can kick off a big bang of new idea's. kinda like a sudoku puzzle, one just needs to learn the rules of the game and find the first clue, both of wich can take a lifetime.
I absolutely love your video's, theres none other i love to hear explaining things more then you!
You sir, are defenitly one of my favorite professors :D.
Totally! Completely changed the face of science as we know it. Can't believe they figured out that outer space works so differently than life on earth! :)
I'm about to go re-watch interstellar after this.
sameeeeee
I am still confused. If millers planet was affected by gravity, time should run faster there, right ? For the light to be able to maintain same speed, it would need more time(say 20 hrs on millers vs 10 hrs on earth), but in the movie it's shown opposite. What am I missing?
@@nishantjain241 this video at 10:40 properly u will get know why times slow in high gravitational force.
@@nishantjain241 u missed to understand it correctly..its the other way around bro.
Miller's planet seems to like having a far greater mass than earth.
Mass create gravity.
Gravity curve space-time.
Curved space-time = longer or greater distance.
Speed = Distance / Time.
To maintain the same speed, with a greater distance, that means time should go smaller/faster (like u said before).
That means, for example 1 second at earth = 0.5 seconds at miller's planet. That means, wut happen at miller's planet is faster 2 times than at earth (since 0.5 = half of 1).
So that means, everything he did there is actually more time-consuming then wut he actually feels/experience, because time goes faster there.
And to made it simple, for this example, if he go back to earth after spending 1 year at miller's planet, then everyone around him would look like a year older than him (since he only experienced 1 year, while at earth, 2 years already passed).
Get it?
Doctor Strange figured it all out.
amazing explanation! i have a science test tomorrow, and honestly the textbook’s very boring, these videos make those boring topics so interesting!
the animation was lovely too!
That's incredible!! I actually understood what you said. Thank you so much for that easy-to-understand video. Of course I have a PhD and I've been trying to figure this out for about 20 years, but it's the first time I really understood it.
PhD in what 😂
8:11 this was the best animation I've ever seen, this demonstrates much more things.
I think someone accidentally inverted it or something though, I think it would make a lot more sense if it was shown to expand the space time around it rather than contract it as it does.
I always thought I understood it, but whenever I tried to explain it I failed. This is the first time I finally overcame this problem ❤️
Great video in a nutshell
Where else would you find Einstein?
It’s a watered-down vision for children. Relativity is the Truth and nothing can exist apart from the Truth! Amen!
Reality is darker! This video only talks about two or three phenomena consistent with relativity.
What about black mass? What about dark energy? What about the total incompatibility between the mathematical and therefore continuous relativistic view and the discontinuous view of quantum mechanics? What about the Sagnac experience? What about Professor Allais's statistics? And so on and so forth, and some of the best! Check out the list in the video: the collapse of physics ruclips.net/video/QA5b-moh4o0/видео.html
@@christiansutterlin7127....A "watered-down vision for children" huh?......The real truth is that some people just can't help being aholes!...Amen!
Was this a reference to Stephen Hawkings book universe in a nutshell cause it's first chapter is on relativity
@@christiansutterlin7127 true because I’m in elementary school and I understand this vid except that there’s only so much you can explain and Arvin’s explanation is the best there is
Danke!
Thanks so much!
8:10 Best rendition of space time. After seeing so many bowling balls on rubber membranes, this video gets it right! And explains why so many membrane animations to boot. 11:05 Best explanation ever. Time has to give way in higher gravity. What a well-made video!
Which is awesome considering the fact that there is no such thing as spacetime.
This is one of the best descriptions of time. And I watched so many videos about it.
Indeed
I have a question-
When we say something is bent or curved, that means its bent or curved along the additional dimension. e.g. when a line is curved, it needs 2D representation to describe. Similarly, when plan is curved, it comes 3D object. Likewise, when you say space (3D) is curved, or spacetime (4D) is curved, does it actually involve next dimension to describe the curvature? If not, why? If yes, then what's that fifth dimension and nowhere described in Einstein's theory.
That only depends on how we interpret the dimensions. We have an instinct to view dimensions in straight lines i.e. Euclidean Space. When we think of 1D, we imagine a straight line. When we think of 2D, we imagine a plane. But what if I was restricted to go on a circle and I have no other knowledge of any dimensions. Then, I would be in 1D, since I need only one number to describe my position given a reference point. Now, imagine a world where there is no way to find out whether the Earth is spherical or not and everything looks flat to us on the surface. So, for us that is 2D.
To describe the position of any point on a fixed circle, I need only one number (the angle from a starting position). Similarly, to describe the position of any point on Earth requires only two numbers (longitude and latitude). And that's exactly what's happening with spacetime and gravity. We have no way to find out whether there is a fifth dimension and we are restricted in this particular version of spacetime, we need only four numbers to describe our position in spacetime. Hence, we live in 4D.
The mathematician Riemann posed himself the question how we can determine the curvature of a n-dimensional manifold WITHOUT making reference to a higher n+1 dimensional manifold (e.g. the curvature of a the 2-dim surface of a sphere in 3 dimension without looking into 3d ) and developped an mathematical theory to answer this question. E.g. you can determine the curvature or radius of the surface of a sphere by measuring the angles of a triangle on this sphere which will not sum up to be 180° as in flat 3-dim space. Einstein used this kind of Riemann geometry to define curvature of 4dim spaceTime without the need to refer to a 5th dimension. Ok, he had to generalise Riemann geometry it a little bit because an infintesimal straight line maintains its lenght (e.g. dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2) under rotations in space which is not the case in special relativity any more , here the 4-dim "Eigenzeit" (dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2 -c*dt^2) maintains its length under so called Lorentz coordinate transformations. And so infintesimal "distances" in general relativity also transform like the flat spaceTime of special relativity. But astounding coincidence: Riemann some 50 years ealier really paved the way for Einstein to be able for formulate his theory mathematically to be able to make precise predictions. No idea whether or not a "flat" 5th dimension REALLY exists; anyway to find the formulation its was not necessary.
both good answers. It's thought provoking. Can this be considered similar to extra dimensions mentioned in the String Theory?
Thank you, as the first time I saw the simplest explanation of time dilation and very easy to understand space-time.. great minds explain the most difficult things in the simplest manner!
I love how Einstein, one guy, went up against the entire scientific "consensus" and proved everyone wrong. I wish he would have lived long enough to figure out how to tie quantum mechanics in. The random/probability-based nature of quantum mechanics makes it seem like we are missing the real underlying nature of what's going on. It's better than nothing, but really doesn't seem complete.
surprised they did not fire him, cancel him, smear him, delete him, and demand an apology to the planet Mercury as it's feelings might be hurt. All the stuff the libs who hate independent thought do.
_"Space-time tells matter how to move, Matter tells space-time how to curve."_
---John Wheeler (1911-2008)
The best part of the video for me was the more accurate depiction of 3D interaction of gravity and matter. In many videos and explanations I was confused by that 2D model and why the plane was bent only the one way. Also it confused me a lot why then, or better to say how then gravity is observed the same everywhere on earth.
7:48 yes, i loved to see that note. Other videos with that trampoline *analogy* should have such a not.
Thus guy finally explains it (very well): ruclips.net/video/wrwgIjBUYVc/видео.html "A new way to visualize General Relativity".