Punic-Sicilian Wars - Hannibal's Revenge (410 BC) DOCUMENTARY
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- Опубликовано: 13 сен 2024
- A history documentary on the Hannibal's Revenge in the Second Punic Sicilian War. Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: try.magellantv.... Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch "Sigurd Bjornson: Viking Exile" about the daily life of Medieval Scandinavian warriors: www.magellantv...
Long before Carthage and Rome faced off in the climactic Punic Wars for control of the Mediterranean, the island of Sicily played host to a series of 7 great wars between the Carthaginians and the Greeks.
The First Punic Sicilian War would eventually break out when the Dorian Greek tyrants, Theron and Gelon, threatened to lay claim to the island of Sicily. In response, Ionian Greeks called upon Carthage for help. The Punic Senate was all to happy to oblige and now sent a massive invasion force under the command of Hamilcar the First. This assault from the west would coincide with the Persian Invasion on the Greek homeland in the east under King Xerxes. However both assaults upon the Greek world would be thrown back following a series of disasters and the staunch fighting of the defenders. For Carthage, this would occur at the Battle of Himera in 480 BC where their general Hamilcar would be killed and his army defeated.
For 70 years, no Carthaginian army would set foot on Sicily. However it would be Hannibal Mago who now marshalled a new force with which to once more make a play for the island and avenge his grandfather.
You can learn more about the armies of Carthage through our Units of History episodes:
The Sacred Band of Carthage : • Units of History - The...
Carthaginian War Elephants : • Units of History - Car...
Numidian Cavalry : • Units of History - The...
Balearic Slingers : • Units of History - The...
Sources and Suggested Reading:
"The Carthaginians" by Dexter Hoyos
"Carthage's Other Wars" by Dexter Hoyos
"Carthage Must Be Destroyed" by Richard Miles
Credit:
Research = Vaughan Fenton
Script = Vaughn Fenton
Narration = Invicta
Art = Penta Limited
#history
#documentary
#military
What wars of antiquity should be cover next?
Part 1: ruclips.net/video/Q5JWaWE68MU/видео.html
The Mauryan conquest of India or Persian wars against the Scythians would be pretty cool. I would also love to see a video on the society and military of the Philistines. They are often written off as “those guys the Israelites fought” and not much more.
The Pyrrhic war or an updated version on the Punic wars perhaps, although the originals are well-detailed.
March of the 10,000.
Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BC).
persian Egyptian war
you should mention the difference between Hannibal Mago and Hannibal Barca the legendary one , most people will get confused.
Ah, thanks for this.
Fax I was pretty confused until I did a simple google search
Yeeeah I was like "Hannibal died in Siccily? Wait..."
Thanks for clarifying this, that this hannibal is a mago not a barca
Barca died in Persia I believe
Very nice. Impressive. Let's see Paul Allen's revenge.
🤣🤣🤣🤣
LOL
😂😂
We honestly just learned so much 👏
🤛
There are actual centuries of history here that never get discussed! We've got many more episodes coming ;)
Just to clarify: this was "Hannibal Mago", about 200 years before the famous "Hannibal " (Barca)
Well, both were famous. . . .
This great series about an underrated topic continues! I thank the invicta team.
*Meanwhile, in Rome*
Senator 1#: "Did you hear about that Carthaginian general who is now terrorizing the Greeks?"
Senator 2#: "You mean Hannibal, right?"
Senator 1#: "That man really does justice to that scary name of his, don't you think?"
Senator 2#: "Yeah. Glad we're not the ones having to fight someone with that name!" *both men laugh*
To be continued......
Scipio: "Heh, I'll do it"
*Laughs in ambush*
meanwhile after 10 generations, 194 years later...
200 years Laaterrr...
It gets a bit confusing with so many notable Carthaginians having the same names, but I think it should be pointed out that the Hamilcar I (Mago) and Hannibal (Mago) mentioned in these wars are *not the same generals* as the famous Hannibal (Barca) who marched to Rome and his father Hamilcar (Barca).
I know most of you Invicta fans already know this, but I still felt like this needed to be said, because it still confuses me as well sometimes.
Same with Hanno. Besides the Hanno politicians, there is also "Hanno the Navigator"
@@aether3697Honestly, I have no idea how these people got their mail to arrive to the right people xD
You left out a crucial part of why Carthage actually was so successful in this campaign: It wasnt only strategy but they were first to utilize advanced siege engineering in the Mediterranean such as siege towers & tortoises (roofed battering rams covered with iron plates for fire resistance). These were engines that were unknown to the greek world yet in 410 BC and thus they didnt know how to actually defend against this since siege warfare between greek city states was different at the time & only consisted of cutting the besieged city from supply lines & starving out the opponent. That's also a reason why Syracuse under Dionysius copied & deployed them 10 years later for his campaign vs Carthage. From Syracuse then they reached mainland greece & were then later commonly used in the hellenic empires under Alexander the Great & the following Diadochi Empires. This kind of advanced siege warfare was a legacy of Carthage that spread across the entire Mediterranean in the centuries to come.
Same, I'd also love a source for this. Fascinating.
EDIT: Did some research and although I couldn't easily find any mention of the Carthaginians pioneering siege warfare, it does indeed appear that siege towers, at the very least, started entering the Hellenic world after about 350 BC on average.
Source please
I would like to add that advanced siege warfare likely came from Assyria to Carthage. The Assyrians invented most siege engines used in the ancient world/classical world. Source: wikipedia 🤷🏽♂️
@@omayah nobody claimed that Carthage invented them but phoenicians from the Levante brought the know-how from the Assyrians, who invented the first known siege engines, to Carthage which then they developped them even further and were then first to utilize them in the mediterranean on the battlefields
i was trying to post sources but it wouldnt let me post links here so I just quote it directly: "The first Mediterranean people to use advanced siege machinery were the Carthaginians, who used siege towers and battering rams against the Greek colonies of Sicily. These engines influenced the ruler of Syracuse, Dionysius I, who developed a catapult in 399 BC." "The Catapult: A History", Tracy Rihall, 2007
The primary source is Diodorus Siculus in his work "Library of History" Book 13 Chapter 54 & 55:
[...]"after he had invested the city and put his siege-engines in position, he began the assaults with all speed. [7] He set up six towers of exceptional size and advanced an equal number of battering-rams plated with iron against the walls; furthermore, by employing his archers and slingers in great numbers he beat back the fighters on the battlements. The Selinuntians, who had for a long time been without experience in sieges and had been the only Sicilian Greeks to fight on the side of the Carthaginians in the war against Gelon,1 had never conceived that they would be brought to such a state of fear by the people whom they had befriended. [2] But when they saw the great size of the engines of war and the hosts of the enemy, they were filled with dread and dismayed at the magnitude of the danger threatening them."
Punic-Sicilian Wars are underrated. No less important than Punic Wars, in my opinion.
You and your team bring the ancient world alive through amazing retellings, or walking through ancient cities. I cannot emphasise how much I enjoy what you and your team do, may the gods give you plenty this campaigning season 😊
Thank you for this! it means alot. nobody covers this at all.
Good video as always! This part of Carthaginian history is not well known and only one source (Diodorus) paints a rather detailed picture of the period. But as far as Carthaginian history was concerned sources were always against them one way or another.
This campaign is the height of the Carthaginian power in Sicily. But throughout the history of the Sicilian Wars Carthage never meant to capture and rule over all the Sicily they sacked and razed cities but never populated them with their own or allied citizens. Most Carthaginian campaigns aimed the prevent greeks cities from becoming too solid or over-aggressive.
"Most Carthaginian campaigns aimed the prevent greeks cities from becoming too solid or over-aggressive."
This is what most campaigns, throughout history, are done for. Whether you conquer them, depopulate a city, enslave them etc. If you win, you set your enemy back, in the hopes of keeping them from becoming more powerful. Greece, Rome, China, Mongolia etc are no different in this aspect.
Rome unlike Carthage encouraged it's settlers to move into conquered areas.
The citizen population of Carthage was never that large and they, (I think) thought like some other later empires that it was only necessary to send out administrative and military rule.
@@Zeerich-yx9po Carthage had bigger population that Rome (500 000 vs 350 000) during Punic wars, if we go back in history difference would be much bigger. Thing is that Romans gave Roman citizenship to some conquered or allied cities, practice uncommon in ancient world, especially uncommon among Greeks and Punics.
@@Zeerich-yx9po it is pretty well established that they did sacrifice children
There is always a Hannibal when you need him most.
I hope you continue the series and cover the greatest Chad to ever live, Timoleon the Corinthian who diposed all Sicilian tyrants and saved the Greeks of Sicily from inevitable anihilation in the hands of Carthage.
Besides one victory in an ambush while carthages army crossed a river he achieved not much while Hannibal Mago & Himilco literally Blitzkrieged the entire island with destroying half a dozen greek cities and a few battle victories vs greek armies lol these were the real chads
@@nisarbo3781 He won a decisive engagement against an army 7 times larger than his that guaranteed Greek presence on the island that lasts to this day, while Carthagenian influence has been long been extinguished.
@@mk9650 extinguished by the Romans, not the Greeks
@@ihebbenrhouma3957 roman loved greek culture and hated carthage, later roman empire was basically greek and identified as such
@@qwasyx0 Still, Rome destroyed Carthage and not the greeks :) Rome conquered Carthage and they conquered Greece. What you're talking about ( the greek identity ) came with Byzantium later on. But yes, the Roman copied the greek culture at first, but they also had greeks as slaves.
16:34 a siege within a siege
Caesar: write that down write that down!
This video is about Hannibal Mago .
Not Hannibal Barca .
For those people that are confused
Interesting to see that there was some form of diplomacy near the end.
Also, allowing the citizens to escape the siege was a great humane move.
To storm the city would have been almost impossible otherwise.
It has nothing to do with humanitarianism. It was a 100 percent tactical choice
Rome later: * I’m in danger!*
Scipio africanus joins the chat
Mental this happened so long ago. You had continent spanning empires of technical marvels, meanwhile my family in England was probably living in huts catching fish.
And my family in the forests of Eastern Europe trying to hide from the marijuana smoking, human skin saddle riding Scythians.
Thank God i live in a time with no steppe nomads.
Civilization started in warm places. It later migrated elsewhere.
Most regular mediterranean people also lived in huts catching fish (and farming). And british tribes definitely had epic stories of their own at this time, it's just that we don't know about them. But I get what you mean.
Your family likely wasn't in England at this time.
Depends actually
If you're Welsh then maybe .but from anywhere else on the British isles you are likely of Saxon/Dane heritage
A thousand years of colonisation occured on the UK's shores before the Vikings rocked up
A lesson from history - if there's a guy named Hamilcar who has a descendant named Hannibal, it's worse for you in the long run to defeat them
General + Hannibal = A fuckin genius monster no matter the era
In your video "Growing up as a Carthaginian", we had two persons, a numb Punic Soldier, and a Greek-Sicilian Child, both victims of the Punic-Sicilian war!
I love the Pheonicians. One of my favorite Peoples through History.
* u mean carthaginians
thanks, great art. i'd like to see more of the sicilian wars!
Excellent made and interesting presented
2:53 Why did you depict the Carthaginians wearing Greek hoplite armour?
Most native Carthaginians either fought as a cavalryman or hoplite. Many Carthaginians adopted the greek hoplite warfare due to their interaction with them
The war clothes were mostly the same in the Mediterranean civilizations
@@nisarbo3781 I think it has more to do with us sadly not knowing much on what the Carthaginians looked like thanks to Rome removing most of the evidence. We have like one unique chest plate showing what some of the higher ranked soldiers or generals would have worn but not much else. I would think they used Greek style armor later on in their wars and contacts with the Greeks but maybe would have still used more of their own unique set of armor as well. Taking some inspiration from the Romans as well who themselves used Chain mail armor they took from the Gauls is also something I have heard.
This hannibal is as bold and ambitious as his descendant 200 plus years later
Anyone interested in reading a historical novel set in Carthage should read Gustave Flaubert's novel "Salammbo" which is set in the period when Carthage's mercenaries revolted following its defeat in the First Punic War.Flaubert deliberately made an anachronism in this novel by having the protagonist enter Carthage despite the siege by climbing up the aqueduct (which was not actually constructed until the Roman period)The highlight of the story is the immolation of the children to Moloch which the Phoenicians allegedly did in times of crisis.
Nice, very nice! Not much is known about these wars. Looking forward for next episode on Sicilian wars.
I love anything Carthage.
Child sacrifices
@@wankawanka3053 western propaganda
The animations are amazing! Great video.
For anyone wondering, no, this is not Hannibal Barca, this is Hannibal Mago, Barca is the one who crossed the alps and wreaked havoc through Italy
Great video! These wars are fascinating to study.
i was confused by the dates and it took me a while to figure out there is 2 hannibals
Appreciate your videos and thank you for your hard work
Thanks for your work! Well done!
After this video, I realize there are at least more than 2 Hannibal;
Can you list how many Hannibal served as general of Carthage?
Probably more. This same channel has an episode ("growing up carthaginian") in which it is mentioned that though their naming method offered vast possibilities, families of high standing most often chose from a much shorter list of prestigious names
Wow, so it turned out that building fortifications around the enemy who were fortifying their position around your allies' fortress could not stop the fortified enemy from effortlessly taking the fortified allied city which ,as a result, allowed them to fortify their power on the island and prevented you from fortifying relation with your allies!
How fortuitous to see a series on this topic when LittleWarsTV is having a Hannibal campaign series.
2 different Hannibals fighting 2 different 2nd Punic Wars. What a strange coincidence.
Romans are seriously bad ass,to be able to defeat Carthage is no joke.
Eeehh pyrrhus of epirus had already defeated with pyrrhic victories the romans and he recked the Carthaginians in Sicily
can you do Xenophon's Anabasis next??
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
I found the title for this video very confusing at first lol
That tends to happen with Carthaginian history where a ton of leading figures share names
@@InvictaHistory hey Invicta
Perhaps you guys should add a year count at the top of your videos
It may help abit for those that aren't already familiar with the history
Great video btw
10:28 No wonder they won the siege, they had two Dodge Rams!
Always good to see why Sicily is so hostile
Thank you for a breathless, detailed war between the Greeks and Carthagians over Sicily.
I cannot find any source that refers to Hamilcar as King, except as shown in quotation marks.Also because of the limited patrimony or lack of imagination in Carthage, it would probably help to list the family names of Gisco, Mago, Barca to keep the Hasrubal, Hannibal, Hanno etc separated. I guess upon reflection the Punic commanders should have realized that a conglomerate group of Greeks giving them such trouble bodes ill for a war of extinction with those arrogrant, single minded guys further up the Italian peninsula.
The names repeating is actually really common in astocratic societies. Even rome is guilty of it
Calling Hamilcar king is what I am saying. The Carthaginians did not have kings at this time.@@MohamedRamadan-qi4hl
Amazing
History is bloody.
Might want to purge the bots at the bottom of the comments
You’re right!! I was thinking about Hannibal Barca
I read about this in the book Tyrant by Manfredi the exact same day this video came out. What a crazy coincidence!
Great Video
This was brilliant
"GREEK SIGNATURE DNA influence can be seen in Southern Italy and Sicily, where the genetic contribution of Greek chromosomes to the Sicilian gene pool is estimated to be about 37%, and the southern Balkans"
Di Gaetano, Cornelia; et al. (2009). European Journal of Human Genetics. 17 (1): 91-99.
Awesome content! May Baal and Tanit bless you! Hail Carthage!
Watching ;)
I live with the hope that you one day will do a video on King Sigurd I of Norway and his crusade to jerusalem a.k.a. the Viking Crusade.
Good video 👍🏻
I have a question that I've wondered for so long because I'm interested in history.
How come when they give several accounts about how large armies were in the past, we never believe them? We don't just say oh they were probably off by a couple thousand, we outright say they were lying about the number by more than half?
Cause many numbers are just ridiculous. Like Persia having 600 000 troops in a battle against Alexander doesn't make sense at all. The logistics of feeding such an amount of people on the open field in ancient times would be insane
@@meisterproper8304 what proof do we have that they are false claims.
Many historical texts were once seen as too crazy yet countless times the epic histories have been shown as true
Damnnn, no mercy for the wicked.
In the end, Carthage reaped what it sowed. The final revenge, coming from Rome only 250ish years later
Incredible
I love your videos but I think you should do this over
amazing video 📹
amazing graphics 👌
Once the Carthage were masters
I approve of this video
Nice but I want to see some mercenary war content. Hamilcar is even more underrated than Phillip of Macedon.
Phillip of Macedon is far better he literally took the most backwards greek state and made it number one
@@wankawanka3053 And Hamilcar actually made a loyal effective army of his own that would aid his son just like that of Phillip would Alexander.
@@ktheterkuceder6825 yeah but did they take a backwater state and make it the most powerful one in the known world like phillip did?
Hi invicta btw can you make history of Indonesia?
2:03-2:25, casual Greeks. Killing each other when they don't have anyone else to fight.
Epic ⚔
Units of History: Athens - Infantry, Light Infantry, Skirmishers, Navy, Cavalry, etc.
The mighty Carthage being challenged by two cities that fight amongst themselves while having one of the strongest empires of the age
Carthage was literally "one city" too. All their other colonies & towns were smaller residents than a greek city state on average except Carthage itself which was more populous & larger. Definitely more than 2 cities syracuse for instance used as much mercenaries as Carthage did. Recorded by Diodorus they hired Iberian & Italian soldiers as well such as Oscans, Bruttians, Samnites, Etruscans, Senones (Celts of Northern Italy) & Campanians. Under Dionysius Syracuse almost controlled the entirety of southern Italy up until Tarentum & eastern Sicily and also received help from mainland greece occassionally too such as from Corinth or Sparta hence why he was able to assemble an army of 83,000 men for example
@@nisarbo3781 geographically speaking Carthage had an advantage
@@wankawanka3053 No they did not. They had more lands and money to draw mercenaries from but the Geography favored the Greeks who lived in most of Sicily.
Dionysius of Syracuse, Timoleon, Agathocles, Pyrrhus. There are still a lot more to come.
Yes excellent point. I knew Hannibal Barca was not even born during this conflict!
Is hannibal mago
Which Hannibal is this? Whats his nickname or epithet ?
Hannibal was a famous name .
But this hannibal was " hannibal Mago " not hannibal Barca
@@hannibalbarca8411 yup exactly, thats why asked. Wasnt sure, thank you
Idk why Hannibal didn't stay in Sicily. Carthage never seemed to press the advantage very well, allowing their opponents to recover and making their wars long and bloody. Seems to be one of the reasons they lost to the Romans despite them suffering heavy losses from natural causes.
They were dumb and deserved what came to them
It's because Carthage did not fight to expand their lands, more their trade networks and protectorates. Where as Greeks and especially Romans would send colonists of their people to inhabit the lands their conquered, the Carthaginians were more concerned with keeping their enemies in check and allowing their trade routes to flourish and keep their allies well off. It definitely started to bite them in the ass against the Greeks and later Romans but for a time it made sense with their strategy of focusing more on trade and not over expanding themselves when they could not afford to hold over such a vast amount of land.
You also have to remember that Carthaginian army composed of mercenaries, which probably required a fortune to keep and supply from a long term perspective
I grew up in an Italian neighborhood in Kansas City, my grandparents immigrated from Castlevetrano Sicily, I hope to see it someday.
Interesting
Early, but is the title meant to say 410BC?
We're super confused. Hannibal? 410 BC? If it's a different Hannibal you ought to make it clear in the title bcs we're all thinking of the wrong person :P Or the dude is just a vampire who lived for 300 years...
Many Hannibals were generals of Carthage and this is indeed the Hannibal Mago and not Barca
Anyone know the name of the music song starting around 7:00?
Bois have I been transported to another parallel universe because I swear I watched an invicta video on the siege of the city of Carthage before, now I can't find shit on youtube about it
May have been kings and generals
It's funny how both Hannibals come to the areas their at war with completely dominate and then just leave
This would be Hannibal Mago, not Barca.
Background music name?
Glory to the Barcids💫✨🎉🎊
I thought Hannibal was Hamilcar’s son.. not grandson?
And it was Hamilcar that was the Carthaginian General of Sicily..
Hannibal was only 9 by the time the 1st Punic war ended.
This is about Hannibal Mago
Not the famous barca
Their was many Hannibal generals
Wow the Carthaginians were brutal when sacking cities, surely this will not eventually bite them in the ass. 🤔
Oops, wrong Hannibal.
300 year timeline difference
13:03 wasn’t Hamilcar his father?
This Mago
Not Barca
@@kp-legacy-5477 oh silly me I didn’t notice the year was 410 B.C. 😂
Your dates are wrong Hannibal was born 247 BC , His Father Fought in Sicily , Not him - Barca - translates to lion ---the Ancient world referred to the Familiy As the "Lion's Brood" because of how they tamed spain and paid of the Roman War tax . in 1 generation. Almost all of Hamilcar' s Family were very talented. There was Hasdrubal , Mago and a sister that almost , seduce and almost married , Massinisa . King of the Numidian's. How different would the battle of Zama have been with all the Numidians fighting for Hannibal???? all good we both love our history.
4:45. wait.........Segesta is in sicily and not north of Rome? My whole life has been a lie.
❤️
Evolution of the Roman legion Part 2. ???????????
I'm getting pretty old. Cant wait too long. LOLOLOLOL
Typically, Greeks fighting one another...
❤
I'm so happy I wasn't born in the Iron Age
easy to see why the Greeks backed up Rome in their Punic wars
Not true the hellenic world was divided during the punic wars some backed Rome and some backed Carthage, Carthage's army especially during the 1st punic war had large contingents of greek troops from mainland greece & sicily recruited as mercenaries fighting for them. One of these greek mercs even became famous as he led a Punic army to victory in North Africa. A Spartan named Xanthippos. Also during the 2nd punic war after Cannae, entire sicily including Syracuse and former greek city-states such as Tarentum, Croton & most of Southern Italy which were by then mostly still greek-speaking then allied with Hannibal, as well as Macedon under Phillip V.
Depends on what greeks you are talking about sonce they had different views on things