In following the grand tradition of the British giving mundane and nonsensical names to their new military developments, the great 'bodyguard of lies' Churchill was fond of.
Hi Binkov, I’m an electronic engineer currently researching electronic warfare and I can give you the technical thumbs up on this video. Great work as always
The Germans developed a high speed single and double sideband submarine radio system called Kurier in August, 1944. It replaced the conventional code signals with high speed bursts of 10 words in less than a second, then switched to another frequency and sideband for another burst, and so on until the message was complete. We have examples of the transmitters but no receivers have survived It is presumed that the last character of each transmission was a data burst telling the receiver what frequency and sideband to switch to for the next message part. All German reports were this was a highly effective system, and none of the Allies ever reported being able to successfully D/F a Kurier signal. The RN and USN weren't even aware of the system until war's end. If the Germans had developed this system two years earlier it would have crippled British efforts to locate German submarines by D/F.
It didn't help that the Abwehr was run by Wilhelm Canaris, who opposed the Nazis, so he deliberately disseminated faulty intelligence and got away with it for several years until the July Plot led him to being arrested along with other dissidents.
My dad served on Corvettes during the Battle of The Atlantic. On one of the ships that he was on there was a radar operator who before the war was a Carnie, a carnival shouter. Whenever they went to action stations he'd launch into his routine: "Now on our stage is RADAR, the wonder weapon of the ages! Spell it forwards, spell it backwards, it still spells RADAR!" I hope that the British pilot captured by the Germans who bullshitted them that the British were homing into "signals" from Metox was decorated for "Lying beyond the call of duty".
My middle school teacher Mr. Charles B. Leighton was the navigator on the Memphis Belle in WWII. He was credited for developing a technique to block German Radar during bombing raids for the Americans. He was true American hero and came back to the US and taught science for decades after the war. One of the best teachers I ever had in my education.
Good episode. The jamming by the otherwise off-the-air BBC-TV station earned Alexandra Palace a bomb during one raid on London. Also, there really is such a thing as a "Radar Detector Detector". They are routinely sued by traffic police in places where the possession and use of Radar Detectors is illegal. They work by looking for the "incidental radiation" from the local oscillator circuit of the Radar detector.
The RAF developed an early AWACs aircraft based on a Wellington bomber. It was only used in two brief periods of operation, first in 1941 against Condor bombers directing U boats and in 1944 against Heinkel 111s air launching V1s. I think it was quite effective but a bit Heath Robinson and development was passed to the US. There are some pictures of it that can be found through google images.
Aren't it all wars (business), It is about interception and counter measure. When the sheep eats your flowers, put up a fence, when they learn how to circumvent, you tie red ribbons on them, when they ignore it, you electrify it
Just one pedantic comment; the channel islands aren't under German occupation on the map in video, when in reality they were actually the last pieces of German held territory to surrender.
It really was our finest hour. The media, including RUclipsrs, always under play the amazing role Britain played with defeating the Nazi war machine. Always downplaying it or even overlooking it entirely. I'm glad this video was accurate and respectful.
US won by Industry USSR won by blood UK won by intelligent All nations are as important as other in their own right, British did amazingly well with their ingenuity despite thier limited manpower and industry.
The UK and the USSR did 80 to 90% of the job in defeating germany , then the US came and took 50% of the credit , the cold war should have been the common wealth vs the USSR
@@DOSFS Don't get me wrong, I mean in no way Britain did it alone. Many nations and immensely heroic individuals all play an amazing role destroying the evil Nazi Germany war machine. I just think that in the media, in movies and by RUclipsrs, the extraordinary role Britain played is overlooking, downplayed and ignored.
According to several sources, the myth that carrots are good for vision comes from WWII. After the first nighttime downing of a German plane by a RAF fighter using radar, the British kept it secret by telling the press that the pilot had great night vision from eating carrots.
You completely ignored the contributions made by the United States during the war. The cavity magnitron was invented in England as you stated, but Great Britain did not have the resources needed to perfect it and get it into mass production. They sent sample of their magnitron to the USA, where a crash program, operating out of MIT and with priorities equal to the Manhattan Project, was set up. The result of this collaboration was the mass production of many of the technologies you described. There was one huge development in Radar Tech you skipped over entirely. The radar proximity fuse was developed in the United States and supplied to Great Britain during the war. At first, the fuses could only used by on ships operating at sea, to insure that they could not be retrieved and duplicated by the enemy. But when the Germans began hitting England with V1 buzz bombs, the fuses were supplied to the English and American AA batteries, saving many lives.
Really interesting video! I kinda feel it could have maybe been split into two or three videos to study all systems a bit more in depth, but of course I understand that's a lot more work for you.
Very interesting , thanks! Only these notes: the German nightfighters were efficient enough to force the British to cease bombing operations for some time after serious losses. Needless to say it was not only about tech, but also about resources and industrial power - not to mention the lack of oil for the Germans to lose the war. Still, the British ingenuity was without doubt great.
It's amazing really to think that although the British had their Empire helping them, they were still alone for about a year against all of continental Europe and in Asia and Africa. Give them some credit. All of continental Europe hostile to Britain and it didn't surrender. Thank God for the channel huh
When u dig a little deeper into what the U.K. did in ww2 it’s pretty amazing the sheer scale of there contribution but people like to down play it as if the U.K. was a minor player
Then there was 100 Group which were RAF equipped B17 and B24 liberators which were fly radio counter measure, from September 1944 flying out of Oulton, 223 Squadron (B24 Liberators) setting out to attract the German night fighters by turning on their Monica sets, jostle jamming ground radar. (My farther was a Navigator in 223 Squadron.)
I think the British had a bomber guidance system called Oboe. I think they would head dashes is off couse one way and dots if off course the other way. Or something ?
This ignores some major uses of RADAR on the german side, including the countermeasure to window (and rope), and such things as IFF transponders and the RADAR homing on german night fighters.
Besides text of a book: Chain Home was in many ways technically inferior to German radar developments, but the better German technology came at a cost. The simpler Chain Home stations provided comprehensive coverage by the start of the Battle of Britain, whereas the Germans had only commissioned around eight of their Freya stations by this time. Although simple, Chain Home could determine distance and direction of incoming aircraft formations. The method was called Radio Direction Finding (RDF), later called "radar" (RAdio Direction And Ranging) in the U.S. Most stations were also able to measure the angle of elevation of the formation, which, together with the range, gave the height; local geography prevented some stations from measuring elevation. Although not originally a design goal, the operators became very adept at estimating the size of detected formations from the shape of the displayed returns.
the US as mighty as they are have No chance against the world, USA vs EU ( plus Britain this scenario ) would be more fitting. ( though i can't see the UK joining the EU in the fight for obvious reasons )
The first integrated air defence system in the world ...There's a few good documentaries on RUclips about this electronic War called Battle of the beams.
We made a mistake with the jamming of X-Gerait. We transmitted the wrong audio tone, the Germans filter on their receiver was so narrow, they didn't hear us and Coventry paid the price
@@Naval-Gazing Alas no, I read it in "Practical Wireless" about 40 years ago. My user id is my amateur radio call sign and I do have an interest in WW2 and the to-ing and fro-ing technology wise between the Axis and the Allies. btw X-Gerait was thought of as a bigger headache than Knickerbein so a stronger analgesic was needed. The countermeasure was called "Bromide" Don't you love British humour!
@@g8ymw Yeah, I do love the Brits' quirky humor. 40-years ago!? Admirable memory. You've probably read RV Jones' "The Most Secret War". I was horrified that, believing that the transmission would bring them luck, bomber pilots insisted on leaving their IFF signals on over Germany. It shows the technological naivete of those for whom technology was akin to magic.
As a part two to this video, you should do radar fused proximity shells. Another Wizard weapon from the second world war, the VT Fuze. en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_fuze#World_War_II
2:49 I love how they put a question mark over the sheep's head as well. As if the sheep was wondering "Ooh! I wonder if I can distract them from making a death ray to kill me..."
British and German wizards seemed pretty even in terms of skill and creativity, however British intelligence was on another level (compare to any nation in ww2), they also had help form America (meaning more money and fresh talent) and still where forced to use commandos to steal German radar. The Germans also had a handicap of having Göring in charge and many inner rivalries. My point being I like your video but, your final conclusion is bit off.
@13:28. Operation Biting, Turns out the Radio Technician didn't actually know anything about radar and was sent there as an operator as punishment. The Würzburg Radar was designed so that that anyone with minimal training and understanding could operate it. As a result the British developed window. I think its easy to develop a countermeasure to radar if the troops operating don't care or minimally trained.
It is how any military works, It must be designed for an enlisted man with a little practical, savvy - a farmer. Technology is not hard, implementation is and had to be performed it high speed and super secrecy. Recal how your first TV remote control worked. Just as you grasped the operation, video recorders appeared. I was relearning al you know. Now imagine cellular phone apps, any 5-year-old masters them in a few minutes,
well we did give the US basically all our nuclear research then post war they just turned around and said nah were not gonna share the nukes that you helped us build
Not so, the story is a lot more complicated. The British had a large number of radar devices under development in 1940 plus they were trying to improve the capabilities of what was already in service. The first proposal of a radio detection and ranging device in the UK wasn't from Watson Watt, but from two British Scientists ( W. A. S. Butement and P. E. Pollard) working for the British Army's Signals Establishment in 1931 for a gun laying radar for Anti Ship Coastal defence guns. The Army rejected the idea (No Threat and No Money) at the time, As soon as the War Office found out about what the Air Ministry were developing the same idea Butement and Pollard joined the RAF team to develop systems for the Army. There was a lot of ideas swapped between the Army and RAF which meant they had 7 systems in development and entering service (Chain Home, Airborne Intercept and Air to Surface Vessel for the RAF, Gun Laying (for AA gun ranging) and Coastal Defence (Land based Anti-ship gun laying, based on AI/ASV), Chain Home Low, an RAF development of Coastal Defence and Butement had designed a working model of a Proximity fuze for AA rockets. The USA took the Fuze design and managed to stuff it into the nose of a Shell fired from a Gun!! The Royal Navy had their own signals research Establishment working on a number of radar systems and it was they who were funding the Microwave radar research at Birmingham. Did Randell and Boot invent the Magnetron, NO, did they invent a multi cavity Magnetron, NO. Did they invent a practical High power Multi Cavity Mangetron suitable for Radar Applications, very much a YES. However, the British had done very little research in to all of the other things required to make a good microwave radar (Transmission lines, Antenna, Receivers, etc) and what was in use with the Metric band Radars wouldn't work effectively with the much higher frequency transmitter. The US had been working on their own radar systems and had one in service (US Navy CXAM) and one about to enter service with the US Army (SCR-270). When the British turned up in August 1940 with the Cavity Magnetron, the Primary reason they have bought it across is as bait for the US to open up on what work they have done into microwave radio research as the British had done cock all until they had a Transmitter capable of doing the job. Turns out the US research labs had done a lot more than the British, but didn't have a Transmitter. Three extra devices, (2 US and 1 joint effort) were needed to make practical Microwave radar a reality. The two US ones were a Transmit-Receiver Switch which allowed the radar to use the same Antenna and a decent Klystron for the Receiver Local Oscillator. Before this all British and the US Army radars had to have separate Aerials for Transmitter and receiver. The US gave the TR switch to the British, which allowed them to design the Ground Control Interception (GCI) radar, which was the first Modern Radar as most people think of radar (Rotating Antenna giving 360-degree coverage in the space of 10 seconds or so with a Plan Position Indicator display). This radar could also give elevation data, which allowed a Fighter Controller looking directly at the CRT display to see both the Target and the Interceptor on the screen at the same time. He could then via use of a radio direct the interceptor on to the target where the radar operator in the interceptor could get the fighter on to the target. A separate display system allowed estimation of the target height that was passed to the interceptor. The system also included an Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system that allowed the controller to positively ID the Interceptor (which was invented by Watson Watt) and if you wanted to increase the intercept capability, add a console, radio and controller to the radar. The prototypes of these radars were deployed in late 1940 and over the next 5 months allowed the AI Mk 4 equipped Beaufighter to start racking up the kills against German Bombers towards the end of the Blitz. It led to the AMES Type 7 radar which became the first Modern Radar in use by the Allies. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMES_Type_7 The German night fighter control system needed 3 Radars per Sector, One Freya to locate the target, One Giant Würzburg would then be put on to the target and track it, while a second would track the interceptor which was orbiting a radio beacon. The ranges and bearings would then be passed to a special light table in the fighter control centre which would project the position of the target and the interceptor using projectors under the table on to the frosted glass surface (with a map on it), steered by a pair of operators. The Fighter controller would then vector the interceptor on to the target via radio using the positions on the light dots on the table. As you can see, the British GCI system was much more efficient in both use of equipment and personnel. Problem was the Germans stopped bombing Britian before GCI really started racking up the kills to go and attack the Soviets. Anyhow the real problem the Germans had in building a working Microwave radar (and radar receiver for a homing device) was not the magnetron, or the T/R Switch or the Local Oscillator. All of these devices were quite easily copied and well within the capabilities of the Germans to build in large numbers. What really caused the German’s headaches were the Silicon Crystal Diodes used in the mixer of the Receiver that converted the received signal from the Antenna and the signal from the local Oscillator into an intermediate frequency which could be amplified easily. On the Low frequency radar’s this function could be done by thermionic valves, but they couldn’t do it very well for microwaves due to certain laws of physics. When the MIT radiation lab, built their first microwave radar, they took it over to the UK for evaluation with its British counterpart. The US had been working on Silicon Crystal Diodes from before the British turned up in 1940, but couldn’t get them to work reliably. So, the US prototype radar used Valves as the mixer device. The British and US radars were trialled and where about equal in performance (I.e. Maximum Range). The two development teams then decided to swap the receiver systems between the two radars. The Performance of the UK Transmitter and US Receiver together was abysmal. The US Transmitter and UK Receiver on the other hand gave triple the range. The US Transmitter was better, because they had been given a prototype 8 cavity magnetron in 1940 (The British Team leader who took the thing over in August 1940, had gone to GEC in Wembley who were building the first production devices and picked the one the produced the highest power output. What he didn’t know was the device he picked up was one that GEC had built with 8 cavities instead of the standard 6, which somebody at GEC had done to see what happened. It actually caused the British team some problems when they showed the drawings to the US scientists and when the US X-rayed the device found it didn’t match the drawings they had been given). Seeing the 8-cavity magnetron was more powerful, they copied that design. The British Receiver was much better as it used a Silicon Crystal Diode as the mixer. When the US team asked the British how they had got the Diode to work. The British replied. “we made a 100 of them and binned the 99 that didn’t work”. The US Team then asked the Brits, “Where did you get the Silicon from?”, British reply “From your lot”. At this point, somebody in either team came up with the idea that impurities in the Silicon were the issue and the US team said “We will get the chemists back home to look into it immediately”. This happened and the quality of the Silicon improved so much that the US were producing these mixer diodes by the bucket load by mid-1942 and they were fitted to all Allied Microwave radar. The Germans never really solved the problem and that was why their early microwave radars and detectors like NAXOS were crap. The Germans had better Radar Equipment in 1939, and the US stuff in development was on a Par with the best stuff in the UK in 1940. However, the British built an integrated Air Defence system using it and the other two nations didn’t (though the USA were working on it at the time of Pearl harbour). The Funniest Story about Radar development in WWII has to be the work done by the Japanese. The Army and Navy both have development programmes going in the Same Lab and same factory. The two teams in both were not allowed to talk to each other!!! Does this Win the longest post ever on this Channel?
What is your take on if the USA and Russia were to work together against China? What would the chances be for a coalition of American and Russian forces against China?
While "better wizards" was a factor and so was better spies, the primary reason for Allied victory was just having more stuff. Allies had 4 times the industrial output, more manpower and resources of the whole world, while Germany had Europe and was starved for resources, manpower, even food.
World war 2 started in 1939 and the US only joined in 1942. Before that Germany probably had more manufacturing capability than the UK. Most of the 'battle of the beams' which is what this article is about was before then.
@@mtpaley1 Well, thatswhy Germans did beat the crap out of Britain before the yanks joined. But actually they were considered weaker by a wide margin, just French-British tactics was so inferior Germans could steamroll their troops.
Go to nordvpn.com/binkov and use code binkov to get 70% off a 3-year plan and an extra month for free. Protect yourself online today!
no thank you mr binkov im good but thanks for the offer :)
The thumbnail is very funny, and I really like your videos even though I preferred hypothetical scenarios
I like how this comment was added one day ago even tough this video was posted 5 minutes ago for me
Egypt vs Turkey
Would world wars 3 happen and would you do a updated video on if world war 3 happen
Germany: Um... whatcha got there?
Britain with radars: A carrot.
In following the grand tradition of the British giving mundane and nonsensical names to their new military developments, the great 'bodyguard of lies' Churchill was fond of.
Hi Binkov, I’m an electronic engineer currently researching electronic warfare and I can give you the technical thumbs up on this video. Great work as always
The contributions by *Hogwarts* are _still classified._
Shhhhhh
Love these historical presentations, thanks Binkov!
World in 2020: Ohh $#!t corona
British in 1940s: Ohh yes Corona
This might be one of the top 5 Binkov videos. I learned so much I had no idea about.
Of course the brits won the wizarding war they bloody had Merlin on their side and a wizarding school Hogwarts and Harry and gang.....
That Merlin guy designed some pretty snazzy airplane engines too.
I’ve always believed Churchill to be a wizard
“You’re a wizard Churchill”
I can see that.
So Voldemort/ Grindlewald?
churchill - "watch me disappear 2 million Indians"
God damn it churchill
@@bradenatkinson6401 He did well to one-up disappearing 300k men in the last war.
The Germans developed a high speed single and double sideband submarine radio system called Kurier in August, 1944. It replaced the conventional code signals with high speed bursts of 10 words in less than a second, then switched to another frequency and sideband for another burst, and so on until the message was complete. We have examples of the transmitters but no receivers have survived It is presumed that the last character of each transmission was a data burst telling the receiver what frequency and sideband to switch to for the next message part. All German reports were this was a highly effective system, and none of the Allies ever reported being able to successfully D/F a Kurier signal. The RN and USN weren't even aware of the system until war's end. If the Germans had developed this system two years earlier it would have crippled British efforts to locate German submarines by D/F.
Yeah ww2 is FULL of what ifs.
The British really were the masters of electronics warfare and espionage in the war. It's almost embarrsing how outclassed Germany was.
They even invented the first usable internet system and computer. as well as their nuclear program (pre-1940) was well ahead of everyone else.
Yes as in a democracy at war, talent is given it's due respect but in dictatorships talent has to suffer autocrats loyal to the dictator
It didn't help that the Abwehr was run by Wilhelm Canaris, who opposed the Nazis, so he deliberately disseminated faulty intelligence and got away with it for several years until the July Plot led him to being arrested along with other dissidents.
@@TammoKorsai Brave man that Canaris guy 👍
@@billhanna2148 I think in democracy too due to corruption talent is lost, not related this at all tho.
For me this is your best content you have ever created 👏🏻 ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
My dad served on Corvettes during the Battle of The Atlantic. On one of the ships that he was on there was a radar operator who before the war was a Carnie, a carnival shouter. Whenever they went to action stations he'd launch into his routine: "Now on our stage is RADAR, the wonder weapon of the ages! Spell it forwards, spell it backwards, it still spells RADAR!" I hope that the British pilot captured by the Germans who bullshitted them that the British were homing into "signals" from Metox was decorated for "Lying beyond the call of duty".
What British did very well and earlier was integrating their technology as RADAR to manage efficiently their resources during the war.
Binkov, I oftened wondered who would win in a head to head battle if The Yomato went up against The Bismarck?
Yamato*
Tomato*
as retired EC3M researcher. This was the most interesting video you have yet posted, It triggered immediate memories
People always talk about German technology during WW2, but British tech, intelligence and ingenuity was amazing too
People talk about it, it is said that the British brain, American industry and Russian blood won the war
@@juliuszkocinski7478 Firm believer of that indeed I am
Never a truer word spoken
My middle school teacher Mr. Charles B. Leighton was the navigator on the Memphis Belle in WWII. He was credited for developing a technique to block German Radar during bombing raids for the Americans. He was true American hero and came back to the US and taught science for decades after the war. One of the best teachers I ever had in my education.
U.S. and U.K: Radar
Japanese and Germans: Radaren't
It is really amazing how much we advanced during WW2.
that's what happens when your country is on the line
Also in cold war
The British had H2S the Germans built their own systems to detect it.
That Churchill thumbnail tho 😂😂
ANOTHER GREAT VIDEO BINKOV. GREAT SUBJECT MATTER !! YOU NEVER CEASE TO AMAZE !!!. WELL DONE !!!👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏
Good episode. The jamming by the otherwise off-the-air BBC-TV station earned Alexandra Palace a bomb during one raid on London. Also, there really is such a thing as a "Radar Detector Detector". They are routinely sued by traffic police in places where the possession and use of Radar Detectors is illegal. They work by looking for the "incidental radiation" from the local oscillator circuit of the Radar detector.
In that case, when can we expect the radar detector detector detector?
The saying Soviet blood , American money and British intelligence is very apt here.
The RAF developed an early AWACs aircraft based on a Wellington bomber. It was only used in two brief periods of operation, first in 1941 against Condor bombers directing U boats and in 1944 against Heinkel 111s air launching V1s. I think it was quite effective but a bit Heath Robinson and development was passed to the US. There are some pictures of it that can be found through google images.
The engenuity of this tech battle is astonishing, an epic game of one-upmanship. Brilliant video!
Aren't it all wars (business), It is about interception and counter measure. When the sheep eats your flowers, put up a fence, when they learn how to circumvent, you tie red ribbons on them, when they ignore it, you electrify it
Just one pedantic comment; the channel islands aren't under German occupation on the map in video, when in reality they were actually the last pieces of German held territory to surrender.
and the isle of man
@@JoeMama-sy8ty No.
@@JoeMama-sy8ty no it wasn't
@@Doochos that's not what I mean, it's not colored in red like it's supposed to be
@@JoeMama-sy8ty ah, yes. My mistake
It really was our finest hour.
The media, including RUclipsrs, always under play the amazing role Britain played with defeating the Nazi war machine. Always downplaying it or even overlooking it entirely.
I'm glad this video was accurate and respectful.
Big Bootros yeah it’s only the Americans online in actual care for understanding our role
US won by Industry
USSR won by blood
UK won by intelligent
All nations are as important as other in their own right, British did amazingly well with their ingenuity despite thier limited manpower and industry.
The UK and the USSR did 80 to 90% of the job in defeating germany , then the US came and took 50% of the credit , the cold war should have been the common wealth vs the USSR
@@davidegaruti2582 Didn't the USSR soldiers rape a lot of german women?
@@DOSFS Don't get me wrong, I mean in no way Britain did it alone. Many nations and immensely heroic individuals all play an amazing role destroying the evil Nazi Germany war machine.
I just think that in the media, in movies and by RUclipsrs, the extraordinary role Britain played is overlooking, downplayed and ignored.
According to several sources, the myth that carrots are good for vision comes from WWII. After the first nighttime downing of a German plane by a RAF fighter using radar, the British kept it secret by telling the press that the pilot had great night vision from eating carrots.
Old Cat's Eyes Cunningham. Met him back in the 1980s.
@@richardvernon317 Cool!
You completely ignored the contributions made by the United States during the war. The cavity magnitron was invented in England as you stated, but Great Britain did not have the resources needed to perfect it and get it into mass production.
They sent sample of their magnitron to the USA, where a crash program, operating out of MIT and with priorities equal to the Manhattan Project, was set up.
The result of this collaboration was the mass production of many of the technologies you described.
There was one huge development in Radar Tech you skipped over entirely. The radar proximity fuse was developed in the United States and supplied to Great Britain during the war.
At first, the fuses could only used by on ships operating at sea, to insure that they could not be retrieved and duplicated by the enemy.
But when the Germans began hitting England with V1 buzz bombs, the fuses were supplied to the English and American AA batteries, saving many lives.
Really interesting video! I kinda feel it could have maybe been split into two or three videos to study all systems a bit more in depth, but of course I understand that's a lot more work for you.
Really one of your best videos with a lot of "new in-depth informations! :D Great work!
Very interesting , thanks! Only these notes: the German nightfighters were efficient enough to force the British to cease bombing operations for some time after serious losses. Needless to say it was not only about tech, but also about resources and industrial power - not to mention the lack of oil for the Germans to lose the war. Still, the British ingenuity was without doubt great.
It's amazing really to think that although the British had their Empire helping them, they were still alone for about a year against all of continental Europe and in Asia and Africa. Give them some credit. All of continental Europe hostile to Britain and it didn't surrender. Thank God for the channel huh
When u dig a little deeper into what the U.K. did in ww2 it’s pretty amazing the sheer scale of there contribution but people like to down play it as if the U.K. was a minor player
"You're a wizard Winston."
Fun to think that a project, in hindsight, a waste of public resource , would actually bring the discovery of a game changer tech.
Then there was 100 Group which were RAF equipped B17 and B24 liberators which were fly radio counter measure, from September 1944 flying out of Oulton, 223 Squadron (B24 Liberators) setting out to attract the German night fighters by turning on their Monica sets, jostle jamming ground radar. (My farther was a Navigator in 223 Squadron.)
this probably by far your best video! I am really looking forward for more, it was such a interesting topic
A very good episode. Very comprehensive and we'll researched video. Well done.
The Germans should have ate more carrots
Yer a wizard, Winston
ASEAN VS CHINA
EU vs OIC(Organization of Islamic Cooperation)
This aspect of WWII isn't really talk about much great video on it
I've seen dozens of videos covering this topic, but it's binkov, one just gotta see it
Excellent video,very educational :D
A couple of really great books about its development and application during war, "Radar, the invention that won WWII" and "Most secret War".
I think the British had a bomber guidance system called Oboe. I think they would head dashes is off couse one way and dots if off course the other way. Or something ?
When I saw the thumbnail, I thought its gonna be something more-or-less like "how discovery of The Force from StarWars would change WW2"
That was the best video I’ve watched on this channel 🤙
What did you use for your sources on this video. It's super interesting and I'd love to get more in the weeds. Is there a specific book on in maybe?
Read "A Most Secret War" by R.V. Jones
"Military Intelligence!" people would derisively snort, not knowing anything about this...
This ignores some major uses of RADAR on the german side, including the countermeasure to window (and rope), and such things as IFF transponders and the RADAR homing on german night fighters.
Didnt know there were this much of electronical warfare(I dont know if it is the precise term) in the ww2
God damn the brits are smart
not anymore. now they are just posh.
@Joshua Partridge although you kinda right about a lot of brits are done the average American is more posh then the average Brit for sure
Dumb*
@@alfiehurst7049 bahaha try living in arkansas or the states adjacent
@@joshuapartridge5092 yeh we’ve fallen behind a shit ton😅
Besides text of a book:
Chain Home was in many ways technically inferior to German radar developments, but the better German technology came at a cost. The simpler Chain Home stations provided comprehensive coverage by the start of the Battle of Britain, whereas the Germans had only commissioned around eight of their Freya stations by this time. Although simple, Chain Home could determine distance and direction of incoming aircraft formations. The method was called Radio Direction Finding (RDF), later called "radar" (RAdio Direction And Ranging) in the U.S. Most stations were also able to measure the angle of elevation of the formation, which, together with the range, gave the height; local geography prevented some stations from measuring elevation. Although not originally a design goal, the operators became very adept at estimating the size of detected formations from the shape of the displayed returns.
Komissar Binkov? Your ww2 map is a bit weird with Koningsberg/Kaliningrad splitted, while Germany had it before ww2 started ;)
You forgot canada had a huge fleet protecting the convoys
@@TheManFromFUNCLE Give up ...Canada where the first country to back us a declare war on Germany. ...they are our true family and friends .
@@TheManFromFUNCLE Well Canada often don't get the respect they deserve and your comment seems to show little respect .
Last time I was this early, this video had a Me-110 instead of a 262 on the thumbnail.
RV Jones wrote a book called The Wizard War. It is an fantastic book
You should make a video of Sweden vs the baltic nations. I think that would be a very interesting video
kinda a crazy suggestion, but what about the entire modern US vs the rest of the world but ww2 or ww1 whatever you think would be better.
the US as mighty as they are have No chance against the world, USA vs EU ( plus Britain this scenario ) would be more fitting. ( though i can't see the UK joining the EU in the fight for obvious reasons )
Magic wins wars.
The first integrated air defence system in the world ...There's a few good documentaries on RUclips about this electronic War called Battle of the beams.
Very good video once again!
Wow, what a video! So glad I found it. Always found the ww2 radar aspect so fascinating.
Thank you 🙏 for your work 👍 it's an excellent succinct informative flawless video 👍👍👍
13:47 Ha, that's a picture of Kammhuber in the uniform of the postwar, pro-US/-UK West German Luftwaffe, not the WW2-era Luftwaffe.
that was a sick segue to promo
6:42 Coventry, not Birmingham was the target for Operation Moonlight Sonata.
He didnt say it was?
We made a mistake with the jamming of X-Gerait.
We transmitted the wrong audio tone, the Germans filter on their receiver was so narrow, they didn't hear us and Coventry paid the price
@@g8ymw Interesting. Do you have a url?
@@Naval-Gazing Alas no, I read it in "Practical Wireless" about 40 years ago.
My user id is my amateur radio call sign and I do have an interest in WW2 and the to-ing and fro-ing technology wise between the Axis and the Allies.
btw X-Gerait was thought of as a bigger headache than Knickerbein so a stronger analgesic was needed.
The countermeasure was called "Bromide"
Don't you love British humour!
@@g8ymw Yeah, I do love the Brits' quirky humor. 40-years ago!? Admirable memory. You've probably read RV Jones' "The Most Secret War". I was horrified that, believing that the transmission would bring them luck, bomber pilots insisted on leaving their IFF signals on over Germany. It shows the technological naivete of those for whom technology was akin to magic.
As a part two to this video, you should do radar fused proximity shells.
Another Wizard weapon from the second world war, the VT Fuze.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_fuze#World_War_II
2:49 I love how they put a question mark over the sheep's head as well. As if the sheep was wondering "Ooh! I wonder if I can distract them from making a death ray to kill me..."
British and German wizards seemed pretty even in terms of skill and creativity, however British intelligence was on another level (compare to any nation in ww2), they also had help form America (meaning more money and fresh talent) and still where forced to use commandos to steal German radar. The Germans also had a handicap of having Göring in charge and many inner rivalries. My point being I like your video but, your final conclusion is bit off.
Intelligence is everything in war ...intelligence is a massive force multiplier.
0:00 Why is Königsberg controlled by the Soviets?
@13:28. Operation Biting, Turns out the Radio Technician didn't actually know anything about radar and was sent there as an operator as punishment. The Würzburg Radar was designed so that that anyone with minimal training and understanding could operate it. As a result the British developed window. I think its easy to develop a countermeasure to radar if the troops operating don't care or minimally trained.
It is how any military works, It must be designed for an enlisted man with a little practical, savvy - a farmer. Technology is not hard, implementation is and had to be performed it high speed and super secrecy. Recal how your first TV remote control worked. Just as you grasped the operation, video recorders appeared. I was relearning al you know. Now imagine cellular phone apps, any 5-year-old masters them in a few minutes,
Please do Italy vs Turkey
How would it have affected the battle of Britain had Germany used chaff from the start?
Chaff don't work well against the largest and most powerful Navy in the world .
Chaff known as Window wasn’t used until later in the war II RC, and even then it was very rarely used
The UK gave the US all of this research and tech secrets in return for US manufacturing might. I suppose it was worth it at the time
well we did give the US basically all our nuclear research then post war they just turned around and said nah were not gonna share the nukes that you helped us build
@@danielfield2570 yep
Tube alloys.
Not so, the story is a lot more complicated. The British had a large number of radar devices under development in 1940 plus they were trying to improve the capabilities of what was already in service. The first proposal of a radio detection and ranging device in the UK wasn't from Watson Watt, but from two British Scientists ( W. A. S. Butement and P. E. Pollard) working for the British Army's Signals Establishment in 1931 for a gun laying radar for Anti Ship Coastal defence guns. The Army rejected the idea (No Threat and No Money) at the time, As soon as the War Office found out about what the Air Ministry were developing the same idea Butement and Pollard joined the RAF team to develop systems for the Army. There was a lot of ideas swapped between the Army and RAF which meant they had 7 systems in development and entering service (Chain Home, Airborne Intercept and Air to Surface Vessel for the RAF, Gun Laying (for AA gun ranging) and Coastal Defence (Land based Anti-ship gun laying, based on AI/ASV), Chain Home Low, an RAF development of Coastal Defence and Butement had designed a working model of a Proximity fuze for AA rockets. The USA took the Fuze design and managed to stuff it into the nose of a Shell fired from a Gun!!
The Royal Navy had their own signals research Establishment working on a number of radar systems and it was they who were funding the Microwave radar research at Birmingham. Did Randell and Boot invent the Magnetron, NO, did they invent a multi cavity Magnetron, NO. Did they invent a practical High power Multi Cavity Mangetron suitable for Radar Applications, very much a YES.
However, the British had done very little research in to all of the other things required to make a good microwave radar (Transmission lines, Antenna, Receivers, etc) and what was in use with the Metric band Radars wouldn't work effectively with the much higher frequency transmitter. The US had been working on their own radar systems and had one in service (US Navy CXAM) and one about to enter service with the US Army (SCR-270). When the British turned up in August 1940 with the Cavity Magnetron, the Primary reason they have bought it across is as bait for the US to open up on what work they have done into microwave radio research as the British had done cock all until they had a Transmitter capable of doing the job. Turns out the US research labs had done a lot more than the British, but didn't have a Transmitter. Three extra devices, (2 US and 1 joint effort) were needed to make practical Microwave radar a reality. The two US ones were a Transmit-Receiver Switch which allowed the radar to use the same Antenna and a decent Klystron for the Receiver Local Oscillator. Before this all British and the US Army radars had to have separate Aerials for Transmitter and receiver.
The US gave the TR switch to the British, which allowed them to design the Ground Control Interception (GCI) radar, which was the first Modern Radar as most people think of radar (Rotating Antenna giving 360-degree coverage in the space of 10 seconds or so with a Plan Position Indicator display). This radar could also give elevation data, which allowed a Fighter Controller looking directly at the CRT display to see both the Target and the Interceptor on the screen at the same time. He could then via use of a radio direct the interceptor on to the target where the radar operator in the interceptor could get the fighter on to the target. A separate display system allowed estimation of the target height that was passed to the interceptor. The system also included an Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) system that allowed the controller to positively ID the Interceptor (which was invented by Watson Watt) and if you wanted to increase the intercept capability, add a console, radio and controller to the radar. The prototypes of these radars were deployed in late 1940 and over the next 5 months allowed the AI Mk 4 equipped Beaufighter to start racking up the kills against German Bombers towards the end of the Blitz. It led to the AMES Type 7 radar which became the first Modern Radar in use by the Allies.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMES_Type_7
The German night fighter control system needed 3 Radars per Sector, One Freya to locate the target, One Giant Würzburg would then be put on to the target and track it, while a second would track the interceptor which was orbiting a radio beacon. The ranges and bearings would then be passed to a special light table in the fighter control centre which would project the position of the target and the interceptor using projectors under the table on to the frosted glass surface (with a map on it), steered by a pair of operators. The Fighter controller would then vector the interceptor on to the target via radio using the positions on the light dots on the table. As you can see, the British GCI system was much more efficient in both use of equipment and personnel.
Problem was the Germans stopped bombing Britian before GCI really started racking up the kills to go and attack the Soviets.
Anyhow the real problem the Germans had in building a working Microwave radar (and radar receiver for a homing device) was not the magnetron, or the T/R Switch or the Local Oscillator. All of these devices were quite easily copied and well within the capabilities of the Germans to build in large numbers. What really caused the German’s headaches were the Silicon Crystal Diodes used in the mixer of the Receiver that converted the received signal from the Antenna and the signal from the local Oscillator into an intermediate frequency which could be amplified easily. On the Low frequency radar’s this function could be done by thermionic valves, but they couldn’t do it very well for microwaves due to certain laws of physics.
When the MIT radiation lab, built their first microwave radar, they took it over to the UK for evaluation with its British counterpart. The US had been working on Silicon Crystal Diodes from before the British turned up in 1940, but couldn’t get them to work reliably. So, the US prototype radar used Valves as the mixer device. The British and US radars were trialled and where about equal in performance (I.e. Maximum Range). The two development teams then decided to swap the receiver systems between the two radars. The Performance of the UK Transmitter and US Receiver together was abysmal. The US Transmitter and UK Receiver on the other hand gave triple the range. The US Transmitter was better, because they had been given a prototype 8 cavity magnetron in 1940 (The British Team leader who took the thing over in August 1940, had gone to GEC in Wembley who were building the first production devices and picked the one the produced the highest power output. What he didn’t know was the device he picked up was one that GEC had built with 8 cavities instead of the standard 6, which somebody at GEC had done to see what happened. It actually caused the British team some problems when they showed the drawings to the US scientists and when the US X-rayed the device found it didn’t match the drawings they had been given). Seeing the 8-cavity magnetron was more powerful, they copied that design.
The British Receiver was much better as it used a Silicon Crystal Diode as the mixer. When the US team asked the British how they had got the Diode to work. The British replied. “we made a 100 of them and binned the 99 that didn’t work”. The US Team then asked the Brits, “Where did you get the Silicon from?”, British reply “From your lot”. At this point, somebody in either team came up with the idea that impurities in the Silicon were the issue and the US team said “We will get the chemists back home to look into it immediately”. This happened and the quality of the Silicon improved so much that the US were producing these mixer diodes by the bucket load by mid-1942 and they were fitted to all Allied Microwave radar. The Germans never really solved the problem and that was why their early microwave radars and detectors like NAXOS were crap.
The Germans had better Radar Equipment in 1939, and the US stuff in development was on a Par with the best stuff in the UK in 1940. However, the British built an integrated Air Defence system using it and the other two nations didn’t (though the USA were working on it at the time of Pearl harbour).
The Funniest Story about Radar development in WWII has to be the work done by the Japanese. The Army and Navy both have development programmes going in the Same Lab and same factory. The two teams in both were not allowed to talk to each other!!!
Does this Win the longest post ever on this Channel?
Richard Vernon no it wasn’t british radar tec was more advanced than u.s radars
Talking about the war
Two powers colliding each other
Wait : this vpn is best
Wtf 😂
So Hitler skipped wizard 🧙♂️class 👩🏫 well no wonder germany lost the war...
Emoticon opinator
I knew Churchill was related to Dumbledore
why is this channel even alive with this content
Now I want to see a Potterverse movie on WW 2.
What is your take on if the USA and Russia were to work together against China? What would the chances be for a coalition of American and Russian forces against China?
Usa and Russia together? Only if aliens invade
@@Ag3nt0fCha0s idk man, russia and china have had a shaky relationship in the past 10-15 years
First you have the challenge of communication that us die biggest, You see this clearly between France and UK
What if the FatherLand Replaced WW1 Germany and Austria Hungary?
Engineers of Victory has a great Chapter on this.
What do you have against the Isle of Wight?
While "better wizards" was a factor and so was better spies, the primary reason for Allied victory was just having more stuff. Allies had 4 times the industrial output, more manpower and resources of the whole world, while Germany had Europe and was starved for resources, manpower, even food.
World war 2 started in 1939 and the US only joined in 1942. Before that Germany probably had more manufacturing capability than the UK. Most of the 'battle of the beams' which is what this article is about was before then.
@@mtpaley1 nope, the UK consistently outproduced Germany during the battle of britain
@@mtpaley1 usa was supply engayland since 1940, the fu.. u sayin foo
@@mtpaley1 Well, thatswhy Germans did beat the crap out of Britain before the yanks joined. But actually they were considered weaker by a wide margin, just French-British tactics was so inferior Germans could steamroll their troops.
Roman Empire vs Mordor
Very interesting
stephen baldwin is an actor the prime minster was stanley baldwin
Ultra was the cracking the enigma code and in reality was not of practical use until 1941 after the battle of Britain.
The sheer amount ECW, both by British and Germans can still be seen today. The best use is in red storm rising.
Are you done making country 1v1s?
Could Egypt destroy the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Damn?
I noticed you, so behave.
You show a Tylenol capaul for aspirin lol.
Capsule
from these electronics, you can see why ww2 warplanes are actually incredibly expensive.
layers and mediums to engage the enemy.
At the start of WW2 radios for communications werent even that wide spread in frances army
Respected Sir,
Please make a video on the Missile and Atomic show down between Pakistan and India
Read R.V. Jones's "Most Secret War" - he almost claims to have won WW2 by himself but it is still a very good and informative read.
15:30 mm that is confusing