The Code of Hammurabi
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- Опубликовано: 26 июл 2024
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In this video:
Hammurabi was the oldest son of Sin-Muballit, and he became the sixth king of Babylon upon his father’s abdication around 1729 BC (based on the short chronology timeline).
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Sources:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammurabi
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sippar
www.britannica.com/EBchecked/t...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonia
www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancien...
www.commonlaw.com/Hammurabi.html
Have you checked out my latest channel Business Blaze? It's interesting business stories with a dose of ridiculousness thrown in. Check it out here:
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All your channels are good Simon. Everything is fairly unbiased, the writing staff is amazing. Callum and danny, really all the staff.
I remember one law from the Code of Hammurabi. For some reason I haven't been able to entirely forget it, and it occasionally just...pops up in my head sometimes, for no reason.
"If a child dies while in the care of a wetnurse, she may not feed another child until informing the parents of the dead child. If the wetnurse breaks this law, the punishment is to have her left breast cut off." Or something to that affect (its been 20 years since I read it).
Babyloanian "Mastectomy" called “Lactoglandular Reshaping”. The glands which "lactate", from latin “lactuca”, root being lact, a lettuce plant’s "milky" juice.
In the Professional Practice course (called Pro Practice by students) in Architecture School, we were taught that the law concerning the house you designed falling down, killing someone, and thus resulting in you being put to death is considered to be the first building code.
*Solon:* "Here, I have made these laws. I want everyone to abide by them and nobody can change them but me. Now I am going to leave the city for 10 years. Good luck with that."
*Athenian:* "But Solon..."
*Solon:* "Solon, suckers."
@Steven Baal Sullae did it too. Too bad he fucked up big time.
Too funny - I love a Good-Bad Pun!
I remember learning about this in high school, I actually went to a high school that taught actual world history not just the Romans and the Greeks.
Why was the code developed???
@@asmahan4080 as a form of law. Long before Christianity and even Judaism there were other religions and cultures that were magnificent. Did you know Egypt was a thriving civilization when the in Europe you had cavemen and woolly mammoths. And before Egypt there was Babylon, the first major civilization. And in a civilization you need laws, thus Hammurabi created a code of laws. Well really the first civilization was Sumeria, but Sumeria became Assyria and eventually became Babylon. He was the first king to declare his code of laws, that we have a record of.
Hmmmm... I woule love to go to ASSyria 😉
@@darkashtar Egypt and Babylon seemed to arise almost at the same time and independently. Most archaeologists have given up trying to determine which invented writing first or any connection to the two.
I just started freshman year and I'm learning about River Valley Civilization in world history
The 9:59 length of this video stresses me out...... one more second.... just one....
We must find thy rouge who das left this terrible hanging tale!
An amusing legend about Draco: When he was meeting with his supporters, they showed their appreciation in the traditional way by throwing their capes at him. So many capes were thrown that they buried him and he suffocated.
Secret subtle assassination.
Cool legend! Although I think the lower people must've felt like They were the ones suffocating under Draco's laws!
Who put draco into power?
There's so so much to learn how often nothing much has changed.
Thank you Simon. You're the best.
I've been watching Simon for years, and even though I haven't even watched this video yet, this is like my FAVORITE stuff. I can't believe that not only did I never find this, but also it took so long for RUclips to recommend it!
Love you all, Simon and team!
Thank you for this video, reminding everyone about Hammurabi and the first known Law Code.
The Code of Ur-Nammu, was written between 2100-2050 BC, is the world’s earliest extant legal code. It was written centuries before the more famous Code of Hammurabi was penned by the Babylonian monarch Hammurabi (lived 1795-1750 BC), enacted as law between 1755-1750 BC. This is important as in 1763 BC, Hammurabi came to power and 8 years later, the business of adopting existing laws and rewriting to replace with his own legal reform, is where the Code of Hammurabi was made. This means, in contrast to what many scholars state about the reign of Hammurabi, being the most fair of rulers for his time, it was in fact only in the twilight of his reign, his Code of Hammurabi, replaced the lesser known, Code of Ur-Nammu.
Even earlier law-codes exist, such as the Code of Urukagina.The prologue, typical in Mesopotamian law codes, invokes deities for Ur-Nammu's kingship, Nanna and Utu, which decrees "Equality in the land".
The Hammurabi Code also stated people with epilepsy (a seizure disorder) couldn’t marry, and if a slave showed signs of epilepsy within 3 months of purchase, that slave could be returned for a full refund.
Source?
@@manuelredgrave8348 "The Hammurabi code, dated 1780 B.C., dictated that the person with epilepsy could not marry, or testify in court, and the purchase contract of a slave was considered void if the slave suffered an epileptic seizure within the first three months of purchase."
Source: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046/j.1528-1157.44.s.6.2.x
@Please Complete All Fields All that epilepsy is is when someone has at least 2 seizures without any provocation or other cause (so a seizure caused by a brain tumor or dehydration wouldn't count), and seizures are very noticeable. Epilepsy in general is one of the oldest known diseases, and all it was described as by these ancient peoples was basically "otherwise healthy person is having these strange episodes (aka seizures)". Most ancient civilizations thought the seizures were due to some sort of curse or blessing from the gods and not some abnormal event in the brain, and they all had their own name for epilepsy.
@Please Complete All Fields - they called it "the falling sickness". Julius Caesar had it, too.
Writing so good here. Such an excellent way to describe how this code was the cutting edge social technology of its time.
It is said that Drakon himself, when asked why he had fixed the punishment of death for most offences, answered that he considered some crimes to be worse than other but he thought these lesser crimes to deserve the death penalty, and he had no greater punishment for more important ones
Draco, lived in the 7th century BC. An Athenian lawgiver. You maybe got mixed up with Akon, a Senegalese-American rapper, singer, songwriter, and businessman.
I meant Draco
The issue with laws like the Draco ones that demanded death for a minor theft or indeed the 3 strikes laws that are in some places, they basically make it worth the criminals time and effort to kill the person to take their fruit or whatever, especially if there are no other witnesses around, they were far more likely to get away with an unwitnessed murder than a witnessed theft. This is very much the case in ancient times when being seen committing the crime was virtually the only way for someone to be caught, obviously other than the massive corruption around at the time. Not so much these days with all the other crime detection methods but still a far more likely choice for the criminal than it would be otherwise.
I liked the fact the laws of Hammurabi were harsher for the rich than the poor as was sometimes the case, or at least in theory and according to the law. I'm sure things were quite different in reality and the rich would st0get away with much the poor would be convicted of.
Nick Tarry which is the kind of laws we have now.....3 strike laws still exsist in some places in the usa. True eye for an eye is the best.
Wow - interesting - I hadn't thought about that!
i mean......You can point your social media finger at someone and quite literally destroy their lives...this is 2020 after all.
Yeah I was surprised they said that at 6:55 after previously mentioning _Law no. 3_ that says, if someone accuses another without evidence to prove it, they face capital punishment. .... Nowadays, any th0t can show up right before I'm about to be appointed as a judge of the supreme court, and accuse me of things that supposedly occurred when we were kids, without evidence too.
What are you talking about? There's no one who has been accused through social media that was jailed without evidence.
@@oslonorway547 calls women thots, defends Kavanaugh... Your opinion is worthless. And the fact that Kavanaugh was still appointed judge mean you are wrong too.
@@imyourmaster77 Not jailed. Accusations on social media, without evidence. The goal is to destroy a person's reputation and credibility, not to send them to jail. They accuse without evidence, to destroy the person's reputation and credibility, and if the accused is a public official, to cause the public to lose faith in their credibility. And when the false accusation is proven false, the false accuser is let off without consequences. So it's a free-for-all situation, where any th0t can throw accusations at anyone, for social drama and attention, knowing there won't be consequences if they are later found out to have falisified it.
.... Hey _jaun dra_ stupid, have I explained it clearly enough now, or you need more time to ask your low IQ parents for some more brain cells?
Oh stfu cancel culture is what non privileged people call forcing people to take responsibility
Honestly it only got bad there at the end bits the whole false witness thing and an eye for an eye is pretty good in my opinion.
An eye for an eye is terrible. Only an utter retard would approve of such a backwards, barbaric concept.
He's really going all out after losing the dollar shave club gig
You would too lel can you blame him
Syukran.
Going back to the wife who was accused but not caught, she doesn't necessarily drown in this scenario. Apparently, "if a woman’s husband accused her of adultery she may in the presence of a priest swear to her innocence and then return home, but if someone else was to accuse her she was to swear before the gods to her innocence and then jump in the river. If she drowned it was a sign of guilt; if she survived it meant the at the river spirits knew of her virtue and saved her.
" Although this might just be someone's undergrad paper I'm linking to!
www.coursehero.com/file/p28hrqg/If-the-finger-is-pointed-at-a-mans-wife-about-another-man-if-she-is-accused-of/
I studied Hammurabi at school in Baghdad and even visited Babylon when I was young. But they never told us about his laws
...that's a pretty shitty school
Maybe the mention of those laws could lead to some "unnecessary confusion" (history, law, religion etc.) with the current system in that region at the time?
Just thinking loud...
In your neighboring country (iran) we pretty much learned about Babylon and other ancient civilization especially those in the Middle East in school, i remember there was a page about hammurabi code in history book
@@grilledleeks6514not school here in iraq all schools study the same thing until high school
And yes they didnt teach us much about our history even tho iraq have the longest history in the world
Only today did I finally figure out the neon sign behind Simon. Always thought it was WS, finally figured out it's SW for "Simon Whistler".
The pillar of Hammurabi's code is in the Louvre and because of its cultural significance as one of the first written laws, I consider it the most important piece there (i.e. more important than any other artifact or work of art there such as the Mona Lisa).
Great video!
I’m quite curious about Babylon, maybe it could be a future video for Geographics? Great info!
Always interesting!!!
Draco; "Whatya got for me today, Oracle"
Oracle; "The good news is that you'll be remembered throughout time …"
I saw the title and flinched because this is what we're learning about in grade 11 history right now
Well, feel free to use this to learn a little more than you would.
i had no idea that's where the word draconian came from. fascinating, ty
some of these laws are actually pretty good, i like the ones about false accusations...in the case of false accusations the person doing it should be given the max sentence the law offers for that particular crime.
Thank you for pointing out that even the Code of the big H was stilted towards those of wealth and power. Poor die or are imprisoned, wealthy pay a fine.
The idea here being, the death of a poor person will be easily forgotten, but the death of an influential individual might have major consequences. Not a fair system, but one can see why it was the way it was.
Wait so if a slave had both ears removed and still insists he has no master, what then? Im betting its not being set free.
Alan McGowan the tongue from which the lie was said would be cut. Even in the south as of the late 1800’s it still happened if a slave was caught lying or speaking bad otherwise they would be killed but only as a last resort.
What else would they take?
Answer - You don't want to know.
Like: Don't. Look. DOWN!
Master has given us.... clothes.
There were no slaves in the USA in the late 1800s. At least not legally.
"The ears will be reattached so that then they may be cut off once more"
I read the title of this video too quickly and thought it was titled “The Code of Harambe.”
Basilick if we were only so lucky to be blessed by our lord and savior like that
HomoRabbi...
Normie
Janeen Phayne someone has a thing for normies out here lol
Same here.
Super interresting, give us more
So, Shamash that like button...
Actually I believe most of the laws were just and specific. Shows he had really put effort into his civilization. The laws addressed property, wages, contracts, marriage, child custody, divorce, domestic violence, murder, transport of goods and services, rental, medical practices, military draft, construction and so much more. There are many penalties that lead to death but to tell the truth would that not leave society a better place for the victims?
Your ear cancer intro sound scared my cat☹️.
But awesome video! I love everything Babylonian!
That's a wicked diagonally-striped beard he had.
Can you make a video on why we get paid every two weeks? I always wondered the origin of that!
The less frequently an employer files payroll, the cheaper it is. Some employers pay weekly, bi-weekly, or even monthly. It’s just a way to reduce work and expenses. If you want to get off of that system you can always start a business and start investing in yourself. Put yourself in power!
Omg you are so beautiful that you could get payed for every night you work..
Sounds like Hammurabi was concerned with "balance". Balance results in harmony.
He was concerned with order. Order is masculinity. Chaos is femininity. Why men will always outstrength women.
Holy Enlightening Content! Yowza!!
The first lawyer is actually the upper mid class who could read the codes themselves and play the law to their advantages.
The only thing I like abut the code is, perjury means death.
I remember this from my Archaeology degree ... the word 'iddak', he shall be put to death, stayed with me all these years :)
You're a good teacher
Civilizations and individuals rise in the knowledge of the Seven Hermetic Principles and fall in the knowledge of them
"NO murder? Ah.. I see there's been abit of misunderstanding" 👀👀👀
I have appreciated your presentations and your sense of humor. Draco was in no wise a democrat, but a tyrant . It is said that his laws were not written in ink, but in blood.
I remember walking through the hanging gardens of Babylon and around the Ziggurat with my mate Hammurabi like it was yesterday, good times.
Hammurabi's code was not our 1st code of law in Mesopotamia. Many were conducted before him.
"Seven Sages of the Ancient World"? That would make a nice Today I Found Out video. (Hint hint)
I second that! As. Soon as I heard it I thought it'd be a great show.
You guys might want to clarify that it’s a STELE tablet, not a STEEL one.
Maybe I’m just a complete idiot, but I was absolutely baffled until I looked up the Wikipedia article, wondering how on earth a steel tablet had survived ~4000 years when we can’t even reliably recover steel Viking swords.
Love Goegraphics too!!
A section on the Justinian Code would have been great here.
Draco: I spend three damned years writing this. You better damn BELIEVE the punishments are gonna be harsh!
1:43 "Bas-relief" is pronounced "bah reh-leaf" not "bass reh-leaf" ("bas" is French for "low").
He pronounced "Draco" two ways, so which is it?
He said 'steel' for stele.
Its bah reh-lee-eff.
Well the Brits pronounce alot thing differently....
11:52 Wait, what is this law actually saying? I *think* it says more or less, “If a married woman is accused of adultery, even if she has not been caught in the act, she will be thrown into the river anyway.” Is that right? What is it with ancient texts and modern people picking the most confusing way to translate them?
Codes, laws, Rules, Policies, tradition, etc notice the pattern. They're all filtered by ideologies and popular principles. It's at a point now were human naturality can't evolve uncharted.
What happened to the live feed?? I watched it and it went down, then I watched again and it dropped again?
Sounds like they had little tolerance for mofos.
Very
There's a critical need to implement these tenets in the universe I revolve in...I'm betting it was sorly needed and useful to keep lots of dumbasses and crimes under control
The Sumerians, the Babylonians had schools, medicine, astronomy, trigonometry. The people knew how to read.
"The costly tuition ensured that only boys of wealthy families could afford to acquire any level of Mesopotamian education. The sons of the nobility, government officials, priests and rich merchants went to school from dawn to dusk each day. Due to the difficulty in learning cuneiform script, few Sumerians were literate, although they could probably recognize some common words."
@ AM Simon
6:69 the sumerians were very resolut in theiy judgment i see,judging the wicked with accurat punishment.
What a coincidence, I've just started reading the actual lapidary text of the code.
Sounds like many of these arose and were written (and put into implementation) based on some specific situations that were presented to Hammurabi at the time ..such as the one regarding the mother and son who shall be executed who lie together after the death of the father.He must have had to deal with some real winners back then..
This dude is everywhere
That's lewd🖑🖑🖐🖐
Saw a RUclips™ short about this. Searched for something more detailed.
Of course Simon has a video on this. 😂
"If a man borne false witness... so on so forth... that man shall be put to death" is very reasonable to me. The false witness if not caught can lead to a guiltless person dying or losing everything. Hell maybe we should bring that lay back and actually punish perjury with some teeth since in the modern world a person can lie in court and get 5 years in prison or if they get away with their lie the innocent person would be charged with 20 years for examples. Its only fair if you lie about someone committing a crime that you receive the punishment that you are trying to unjustly force on another
plunging into the sacred river is not to be taken lightly.
Are we sure it means drowning? Are we sure they didn't didn't think the plunge might have some sort of magical effect that would discern the truth?
Certainly not by the "Plungee"!
Law number 182 - "Not hitting the THUMBS UP button punishable by removal of offender's thumbs"
Good ol' days....
Speaking of...Vlad the Impaler was so strict that at least 1 village had a gold cup to be used by the public at the village well. No one dared steal the cup knowing what might happen to themselves and their family.
6:55 But we just said that evidence was needed! Pointing a finger without evidence causes your face to be scarred.
And now I want an episode about Draco...
The past was the worst.
Allegedly.
YO YALL BEST BE ABIDIN TO THE CODE OF HAMMURABI BRUH😂👀🔥🔥🔥😜
Hammurabi’s Bro Code
ree
Interesting. The Underwriting Essentials course offered by the Insurance Institute of Canada mentioned this by name, accredited as the earliest known origin of insurance, but never really went in depth.
king harambe is alive!!!
Plunging in a sacred river could litetally mean just that. Wash in the river. There would be very few women left if they have to die just by being accused... lol
My thought exactly. Specifically because if they had not cought her doing it, while there being some circumstancial evidence (or he would have his brow cut).
Agree. They used to have ducking stools as punishment in pre-colonial times.
Low key thought that said the code of harambe
High key normie !!
@@Perririri I'm sure you're fun at parties.
Me too! You're the 3rd person who thought that! I feel less foolish with every comment. I read!
Yo Simon have you ever considered making a discord so your fans one solid place thru can talk about and share new ideas for videos and channels?
Patron Saint of all Lawyers... =))
Also the inspiration for the Star Trek Rules of Acquisition
Yes lol
Ferengi
You damn ferengi
Well someone got Sapiens for Christmas!
Could we get an episode explaining why some popular television shows get canceled while other not so popular shows are continued.
What was his position on shrimp?
“We’ve got some problems to solve.”
If we don’t, say hello to the setting of Mad Max. We’re pretty fucked.
Not going to lie thought the title was "The code of Harambe" for a sec. . . and I didn't even take part in the meme when it was active. Just heard about it. lol
I'm sure there's gotta be something in the Code about injuries caused by animals to trespassers. I'm thinking Harambe might still be alive today if we followed the code of Hammurabi.
I subscribe to all your channels. And I love TIFO! ...but not the background music.
I can only watch so many of these videos in a row before that pulsing sound really starts to get to me. Have you considered changing it up a little or just lowering the volume?
Just general channel feedback. Take it or leave it 🙃
I’m not the only one here who did this for school work even though it’s 2020? And not 2019?
this question just popped into my head "why aren't non-rechargeable batteries rechargeable?" i expect the answer is on youtube somewhere, but i haven't looked yet.
They are, but don't hold a charge very long or well because of how they're manufactured.
The episode writer is Theodorus II? That's an interesting name for a writer.
Not as quite as simple as the old “eye for an eye” is it? More like eye for decapitation
"Eye for Decapitation" sounds like the worst makeover show ever.
The brutality never ended, law just started affecting the slaves almost entirely.
The law is hard but it is the law
It’s crazy how much the world is still living by these laws til this day.
so thats where 'draconian' came from.
We have went back to draconian laws for the most part
No, not even close. Even the death penalty is made to be as painless as possible. In those days they made sure that you would suffer in the most horrific ways before you died, it was quality entertainment for the whole family by their standards.
its not better today, its just more refined
Do we know for sure that "thrown in the scared river" means drowning? Or is it some kind of a test of guilt? or a purifying ritual? Because if it was drowning they would have said put to death like the others.
I think these laws were very good and fair. Harsh, but necessary for the time.
Question, as i have heard and seen the term across many years, is there such a thing as a "certified badass"
What else are civil and military decorations for?
Does "plunge" mean drown or is it a reference to form of early baptism? Doesn't seem too far of a stretch.