3:54 They think Victoria developed the hemophilia gene from a random mutation because their was no history in her ancestors before and because her father was older when she was born. Older men are likely to have random mutations.
Great video! Just wanted to add that the minimum number of individuals needed to avoid inbreeding effects-known as the Minimum Viable Population (MVP)-is actually specific to each species. Factors like genetic diversity, reproductive rates, and environmental pressures all play a role in determining this number. Understanding the MVP is crucial for conservation efforts to prevent inbreeding depression and ensure the long-term survival of a species. Keep up the awesome work!
I think the main reason why royals come up when people talk about incest is because royals are so well-documented. There are paintings, journal entries, accounts of their lives that can be learned from. Unfortunately everyday people were not usually the subjects of paintings or historical accounts. And royals didn't marry to keep their bloodline pure, it was to keep the wealth in the family. You married off you cousin to another noble, you had to provide her with a dowry. If she married your nephew instead, that dowry stays in the family. Most regular people never left their home towns, I'm pretty sure they ended up marrying their cousins too.
I'm from a south asian country where cousin marriages are incredibly common (you can probably find the name on Wikipedia) and in a lot of places even preferred. So yes, it definitely varies based on cultural upbringing and a society's world view. And I have now immigrated to the west, lots of people here think that incest means that the child will be some deformed monster. Nope, I have several friends and family members back home who are perfectly normal and you would never be able to tell. However, in my country due to how prevalent cousin marriages are, the rates of recessive disorders and birth defects are also higher. So you're right in that it makes populations a lot more vulnerable.
FYI incest in game of thornes is portrayed as negative. The saying about Targaryens is "Madness and greatness are two sides of the same coin. Every time a new Targaryen is born, the gods toss the coin in the air and the world holds its breath to see how it will land."
If that was the case then the Targaryeans and Valyrians would've killed themselves off centuries before the 14 flames catastrophically erupted. Doesn't matter how "magical" your people are. The basic principles of deleterious recombination from genetic homozygosity will kill a family "tree" that is excessively incestuous. Countless species throughout Earth's fossil record have died off from population bottlenecks and successive interbreeding, including the other hominin species Homo neanderthalis and H.denosiva that lived along side H.sapiens. These other hominin species already had to compete with our species on niche level, AND LOST because they had smaller and more fragmented populations that were very incestuous.
22:11 the strong, albeit casual, scientific disagreement reminds me of socializing at research conferences. Two esteemed profs disagreeing over sequencing methods over some pancakes lmao
I love how you explain the recessive dominant traits. Would have loved for you also to spend more time on explaining hemophilia. It’s a blood disease I don’t get how you look at a painting and tell someone has it.
Around 16:00: Nobel marriages were not about mutual attraction but political considerations and that was even true for peasans - even if it was to reunite plots of land that each party inherited as a result of a split when the land was bequeathed earlier. In the village of my grandmother they had girl-twins who were so inbred, they stuttered so badly that they had to halt their walk - apart from the exceedingly thin hair. On the recessive genes: Bunny breeders even breed for individuals that have possibly many of the recessive genes. These can then be used as an indicator for whether the main breeding stock is free of recessive genes.
in a Guardian article in May about bring new drugs to market ... Steve Wilcox called for a legal ban on first cousin marriage in the UK "I do research that helps people with rare genetic diseases. I also work in common diseases (ones which pharma typically prefer). Often the work we put into one patient to obtain a sensible diagnosis for a rare genetic disorder is as much as we do to uncover a common disease mechanism. There is a reason why big pharma is shy to research in this area. On the other hand we should be clear about the amount of considerable cost and effort goes into the current clinical approach to rare genetic disorders. In my research the vast majority of the cases I need to deal arise due to consanguinity. A considerably large percentage of the children suffering with a rare genetic disorder have parents who are first cousins (30% have first cousin parents and nearly 90% with elevated evidence of consanguinity -- e.g. repeated second cousin marriage). We could do a lot to alleviate the suffering in our country through outlawing first cousin marriage like we outlaw sibling marriage. In addition to creating laws we could well to better inform the public on this risk (which is seemingly ignored)."
😂what has been showing up with genetic testing is how much incest DOES happen. I think like child abuse, we just don’t want to know about it. It may still be less than 10%. And what IS incest - by your definition? Is it not incest if it’s farther than 3rd cousin removed?
To add to the comment from @frankpazdera2740, one negative portrayal of incestuous relationships in GoT was demonstrated by Joffrey Baratheon, the son of Cersei and Jaime Lannister who had emotional developmental issues.
Looking at the human inbreeding problem: look at the Hapsburgs of Spain (prognathism at first culminating in the tragic Carlos II of Spain with weakened constitution, impotence, low intellect, etc.) and the health issues the isolated Ashkenazi communities developed and still struggle with. Both communities strove to keep the bloodlines “pure” (one for ego (Hapsburgs) and the other, as I understand it, for religious reasons). Many plants cannot self-pollinate and many species of animals use smell (pheromones) to detect close relatives and do not mate with close genetic relatives, as well as the social mechanisms of pushing out males. These mechanisms maintain a more diverse gene pool and keep problematic genes more dilute in the population.
Personally, I only take inbreeding/incest into consideration IF a child can be produced from intercourse. If not, then it is not a consideration. The prohibition from incest/inbreeding is the result of genetic disorders appearing in offspring from such mating practices. If there were no genetic disorders possible from the act of inbreeding/incest, then it would not be any more taboo than fornication or adultery.
@@matthewcollins4157I agree but I also think anti-incest laws & attitudes exist 2 further deter sexual interaction with the unmature. When I think of a twin brother/brother situation, I usually think nothing bad could actually come from this that’s out of the ordinary. It’s taboo but also a taboo that hardly has ethical implications.
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3:54 They think Victoria developed the hemophilia gene from a random mutation because their was no history in her ancestors before and because her father was older when she was born. Older men are likely to have random mutations.
Great video! Just wanted to add that the minimum number of individuals needed to avoid inbreeding effects-known as the Minimum Viable Population (MVP)-is actually specific to each species. Factors like genetic diversity, reproductive rates, and environmental pressures all play a role in determining this number. Understanding the MVP is crucial for conservation efforts to prevent inbreeding depression and ensure the long-term survival of a species. Keep up the awesome work!
"Blue eyes is a perfect example ... because it doesn't really affect anything." Me sitting over here with my light sensitivity.
I think the main reason why royals come up when people talk about incest is because royals are so well-documented. There are paintings, journal entries, accounts of their lives that can be learned from. Unfortunately everyday people were not usually the subjects of paintings or historical accounts. And royals didn't marry to keep their bloodline pure, it was to keep the wealth in the family. You married off you cousin to another noble, you had to provide her with a dowry. If she married your nephew instead, that dowry stays in the family. Most regular people never left their home towns, I'm pretty sure they ended up marrying their cousins too.
It makes me sad when mommy and daddy fight in front of me 😞
Haha…I was like what??? Then I hit the 20 minute mark. 😂
Ahahaha I love this
I'm from a south asian country where cousin marriages are incredibly common (you can probably find the name on Wikipedia) and in a lot of places even preferred. So yes, it definitely varies based on cultural upbringing and a society's world view. And I have now immigrated to the west, lots of people here think that incest means that the child will be some deformed monster. Nope, I have several friends and family members back home who are perfectly normal and you would never be able to tell. However, in my country due to how prevalent cousin marriages are, the rates of recessive disorders and birth defects are also higher. So you're right in that it makes populations a lot more vulnerable.
FYI incest in game of thornes is portrayed as negative. The saying about Targaryens is "Madness and greatness are two sides of the same coin. Every time a new Targaryen is born, the gods toss the coin in the air and the world holds its breath to see how it will land."
If that was the case then the Targaryeans and Valyrians would've killed themselves off centuries before the 14 flames catastrophically erupted. Doesn't matter how "magical" your people are. The basic principles of deleterious recombination from genetic homozygosity will kill a family "tree" that is excessively incestuous. Countless species throughout Earth's fossil record have died off from population bottlenecks and successive interbreeding, including the other hominin species Homo neanderthalis and H.denosiva that lived along side H.sapiens. These other hominin species already had to compete with our species on niche level, AND LOST because they had smaller and more fragmented populations that were very incestuous.
22:11 the strong, albeit casual, scientific disagreement reminds me of socializing at research conferences. Two esteemed profs disagreeing over sequencing methods over some pancakes lmao
What did he say at 10:18 ? “Yeah cause you’re from _.” I couldn’t make it out and the captions didn’t catch it
31:39 Watch Annihilation (2018) is the perfect analogy to what humans are to animals and other life forms.
I love how you explain the recessive dominant traits. Would have loved for you also to spend more time on explaining hemophilia. It’s a blood disease I don’t get how you look at a painting and tell someone has it.
An x- linked trait will always express in males because of the missing tail on the Y chromosome.
Wow I need Forrest valkai and Clint Laidlaw both on this show!!
Forrest Valkai is awesome, would love to see him on the show!
Does Clint talk about the human animal?
Around 16:00: Nobel marriages were not about mutual attraction but political considerations and that was even true for peasans - even if it was to reunite plots of land that each party inherited as a result of a split when the land was bequeathed earlier.
In the village of my grandmother they had girl-twins who were so inbred, they stuttered so badly that they had to halt their walk - apart from the exceedingly thin hair.
On the recessive genes: Bunny breeders even breed for individuals that have possibly many of the recessive genes. These can then be used as an indicator for whether the main breeding stock is free of recessive genes.
in a Guardian article in May about bring new drugs to market ... Steve Wilcox called for a legal ban on first cousin marriage in the UK
"I do research that helps people with rare genetic diseases. I also work in common diseases (ones which pharma typically prefer). Often the work we put into one patient to obtain a sensible diagnosis for a rare genetic disorder is as much as we do to uncover a common disease mechanism. There is a reason why big pharma is shy to research in this area. On the other hand we should be clear about the amount of considerable cost and effort goes into the current clinical approach to rare genetic disorders.
In my research the vast majority of the cases I need to deal arise due to consanguinity. A considerably large percentage of the children suffering with a rare genetic disorder have parents who are first cousins (30% have first cousin parents and nearly 90% with elevated evidence of consanguinity -- e.g. repeated second cousin marriage). We could do a lot to alleviate the suffering in our country through outlawing first cousin marriage like we outlaw sibling marriage. In addition to creating laws we could well to better inform the public on this risk (which is seemingly ignored)."
37:47
In Sweden, you can marry your first cousin
😂what has been showing up with genetic testing is how much incest DOES happen.
I think like child abuse, we just don’t want to know about it.
It may still be less than 10%.
And what IS incest - by your definition? Is it not incest if it’s farther than 3rd cousin removed?
I don’t like how high that estimated statistic still is ☹️
Anyway, r we considering a spectrum of incest?
Haemophilia is both recessive and sex-linked.
Barry Lyndon is a great historical movie. Also Pride & Prejudice (2005).
To add to the comment from @frankpazdera2740, one negative portrayal of incestuous relationships in GoT was demonstrated by Joffrey Baratheon, the son of Cersei and Jaime Lannister who had emotional developmental issues.
i loved this episode ❤ thank you
All the hashtags 😭
The title 😂 ☠️
TITLE 😂😂😂😂
Looking at the human inbreeding problem: look at the Hapsburgs of Spain (prognathism at first culminating in the tragic Carlos II of Spain with weakened constitution, impotence, low intellect, etc.) and the health issues the isolated Ashkenazi communities developed and still struggle with. Both communities strove to keep the bloodlines “pure” (one for ego (Hapsburgs) and the other, as I understand it, for religious reasons). Many plants cannot self-pollinate and many species of animals use smell (pheromones) to detect close relatives and do not mate with close genetic relatives, as well as the social mechanisms of pushing out males. These mechanisms maintain a more diverse gene pool and keep problematic genes more dilute in the population.
I can't believe Mitch didn't know about sushi and ate it with a fork smdh 😞
It doesn't apply to gay brothers, they should be free to do whatever they want
Wait, you guys don't clean your fruit??
Is that normal only in the EU?
I was so dumbstruck HUH
Lollll
okay but if youre gay and have a silverfox dad?
Personally, I only take inbreeding/incest into consideration IF a child can be produced from intercourse. If not, then it is not a consideration. The prohibition from incest/inbreeding is the result of genetic disorders appearing in offspring from such mating practices. If there were no genetic disorders possible from the act of inbreeding/incest, then it would not be any more taboo than fornication or adultery.
@@matthewcollins4157I agree but I also think anti-incest laws & attitudes exist 2 further deter sexual interaction with the unmature. When I think of a twin brother/brother situation, I usually think nothing bad could actually come from this that’s out of the ordinary. It’s taboo but also a taboo that hardly has ethical implications.