What triggers a chemical reaction? - Kareem Jarrah
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- Опубликовано: 10 сен 2024
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/less...
Chemicals are in everything we see, and the reactions between them can look like anything from rust on a spoon to an explosion on your stovetop. But why do these reactions happen in the first place? Kareem Jarrah answers this question by examining the two underlying forces that drive both endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions: enthalpy and entropy.
Lesson by Kareem Jarrah, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc.
i to love it when i pour vinegar in baking soda and my oven explodes
lmao
This is fake lemme try it...
How did it work?
@@user-pz1gd3nv4n he exploded from the amazement
I'm gonna do it todat
I love how he's casually like, " you know when you pour your baking soda into the vinegar jug and your oven explodes"
me: _yep..._
ikr lul
#relatable
333 likes
#relatable
Who cooks a hotdog with the condiments already on it?
That guy.
Greg Fulton Entropy And Enthalpy
YEET THAT HOTDOG
Me
sorry greg
would have loved it if they included a few examples where entropy and enthalpy changes of different sizes pointed in the different directions versus the same direction to show how the balance of these determine which reactions occur spontaneously.
me right now 😵💫😵💫😵💫 to many smart words
That Green Squash Shaped Guy looks like a Gentleman. Give him a Top Hat, and he’ll be complete.
People might relate entropy and disorder but these are different concepts. One way to think of entropy is via a probability distribution. If I am concerned with heat capacity/stability, I can think about the number of different vibrations that can be stimulated by energy. If I am concerned with reactions, I can think of the different states I can transmit through the TS or the "width" of my TS.
This video is really good since it explains clearly with the golf metaphor and the other examples, it mases it easier to understand and, also the animationas are pretty good and make the video more enjoyable and funnier.
Thank you so much for making such useful videos for students
great video, but i just want to add a few things: the potential energy stored in chemical bonds is internal energy, not enthalpy. but enthalpy is the sum of the internal energy and the product of pressure and the changing of volumes in the system (H = U + pV). the product of a chemical reaction has an internal pressure that leads to pushing it's volume away. that way it's performing an extra amount of energy. i always find it hard to image entropy. it's highly misleading when you define it only as 'a measure of chaos'. entropy is fundamentally linked to temperature. it tells us in which direction the energy of a system is flowing and it cannot be destroyed, it can only be created. entropy tells us that high temperature gases always flow into colder temperatures, not the other way around.
can you explain me the role of the PV term in enthalpy? I mean enthalpy not change in enthalpy. I don't seem to find it anywhere on the internet
Entropy is not disorder. It's the tendency, overtime, in an isolated system, to move toward an homogeneous state. Calling it "chaos" is misleading.
Jese Joon It is not exactly Matter that obeys it, the entire system obeys it, but only if we're analyzing it isolated.
You are wrong m8. Entropy IS a measure of disorder. More exactly de measure of the number of ways a thermodynamic system can be arranged.
In other words, an ordered system does not vary much thus having low entropy, a chaotic system has a lot of variations an ways it can be arranged, so it has a high entropy
Ricardo Rodriguez Homogeneity of high entropy is quite "orderly". Thus, the "chaos" concept is unsuitable.
Jese Joon Matter doesn't "obey". This is not a sociological law or a choice, it's an observation.
Ricardo Rodriguez you can say that entropy is a measure of disorder, but you cannot make any comparison where the 'chaos' from point A to point B has risen. some people compare entropy to your tidied room, that seems to be getting chaotic by itself (e.g. your clothes and your notes are scattered all over you room in disorder). but you cannot say that the entropy of your room has risen over the time! thats a completely false comparison! entropy IS fundamentally linked to temperature and gases.
“ exothermic reaction is more likely to occur than endothermic reaction, because it requires less energy to occur.” Why is that so? Doesn’t it depend on the activation energy for the reaction? Can’t an endothermic reaction have a lower activation energy than exothermic? 2:02
exactly! 100% right, and if it is rare for an endothermic reaction to have a lower activation energy than an exothermic one, it could be only because - since less energy then activation energy must be released when making bonds (that's the definition of an endo reaction) - you have fewer possibilities left.
Wow! So much information! I love Ted-Ed videos! Definitely a lifesaver!
Thank you SO MUCH! 😭😭😭😭😭😭 you don’t know how badly I needed this and how much I’ve been looking for this😭😭😭. You really are the bast. I love you so much.
Man you guys explain things perfect!, I Love Ya'll Videos, yeees, keep inspiring and teaching, We need it.
but how and why does entrophy increase?
My 4 year old is absolutely obsessed with TedEd. Whenever he stumps me with a question, I find myself turning to TedEd
Thanks this helps a lot for my schoolwork!! :)
keerah you got that right
Good lesson😘😘
化學反應是化學中非常基礎和重要的概念，除了酸鹼反應，還有以下幾種反應：
氧化還原反應：氧化還原反應是指一種化學反應，其中電子從一個分子轉移到另一個分子，產生氧化物和還原物。在這種反應中，原子的氧化態會發生改變。
酸鹼中和反應：酸鹼中和反應已經在問題中提到過，這是指酸和鹼的反應，其中產生水和一種稱為鹽的化合物。
沉澱反應：沉澱反應是指當兩種溶液混合時，其中一種或多種化學物質形成不可溶的沉澱物質。這種反應可以用來分離和分析不同的化學物質。
雙水解反應：雙水解反應是指一種化學反應，其中一種化合物被水分子分解成兩個分子，同時另一種化合物被水分子結合形成一個新的分子。
酯化反應：酯化反應是指酸和醇反應生成酯的過程。酯是一種常見的有機化合物，廣泛存在於天然和合成的物質中，例如油脂和香料等
Please make a video on Redox reaction.
It's ok my CBSE mate😂
@@SG-SilverGaming It's been 2 years I asked it. I don't think I want a video on it anymore. 😁
Ok,Salute for your impatience😂🤪
@@SG-SilverGaming 😏🤣
Crash Corse did one on that
Is the nitroglycerin molecule structure correct?
Yes
0:29
MOM I LEARNT A NEW BAD WORD IN SCHOOL CALLED THE E-WORD
Lana Motaz 😅
😂😂😂
Hey super !
Your animation and that message
Its like my imagination
I can view my imagine in real with more explanation..
Super ..👌🙂🙂🙂🙂👌👌
The fact that I take AP chem makes me very happy to see this video but also makes me cry because all that I have suffered.
elbette, kimya, psikiatri açısından en en en mühim alan, bileşenleri moleküler bazda incelerken, 6-7 faz işlemden geçirmek, malesef ki, oluşturulan maddenin vucuda alınımında da, vucudu enerjetik olarak dönüşüm fazına alır, bu compoundlar işlenirken, en saf moleküller seçilmeli, en safları, reaksiyon kapasitesi en aksiyon barındıranlar yani, ve faz olarak da, çok fazla fazda bir kimyasal reaksiyona sokulmamalı, bunu umarım ileride yetişecek bilim adamlarımız çok çok daha iyi kavrayacaktır ... ve muazzam derecede şifalı ve yan etkisiz ilaçlar üretilecektir .
what cause of chemical reaction?
OK, nice analogies, but what exactly is the hump an analogy for?
+comprehensiveboy the activation energy it needs for the reaction to occur.
thank you for making this.
I always trip and my baking soda and vinegar mix together then my oven explodes. Happens to my all the time.....
Mr Jarrah seems to think about food a lot.
I have exam it’s good vid ❤
Really good
This is very helpful as I have a test on chemical reactions. It's easy to understand.
I dont
This video is great if youre trying to confuse people.
Val Cronin lol i know what they mean and even i got confused haha
Entropy/enthalpy/energy are merely elegant mathematical concepts which the universe does not know of. The reason two massive objects attract each other is not that the universe wants to lower the potential energy of the system, rather, the mathematical concept of energy was defined so as to match observations such as gravitational attraction. You can predict the outcomes of complex chemical reactions using the linearity of those mathematical quantities with respect to the elementary building blocks of the system. But the behaviour of each elementary building block must not be explained using these concepts. Otherwise you could explain absolutely everything using the argument that "after all, if it happened, it must have increased the entropy of the universe".
How are people actually being serious about this video?
What are two chemicals that have low entropy and two that have high entropy? Also, explain why you chose them please!
great video!
I really got a good reaction out of this one
Bonds don’t store energy, the atoms/molecules/functional groups involved in it do.
EXCELLENT 👏, THANK
the hebrew title is wrong
הכותרת בעברית צריכה להיות: מה גורם לתגובה להתרחש (תרמודינמיקה) ולא מה מתחיל תגובת כימית (קינטיקה, אנרגית שפעול)
I was going to make a joke about chemistry but...
I didn't think their would be a reaction.
MILITARY-GAMING ur is so hilarious I'm laughing out loud haha 😶
Thanks I was also gonna make a joke about Sodium but Na
Thanks I was also gonna make a joke about Sodium but Na
This was the reaction I had as well (*there)
You have friends?
What's the charaterstes of physical property and non-example of physical property
1:49 That's not how cakes bake...
no matter how many videos I watch , I still cannot understand entropy.
It's the tendency to go from a high energy state (complexity, high degree of order) to a low energy state (less organised, less complex state). Example given in the video of nitroglycerin vs nitrogen gas at 0:38
How can bond store energy when bond form it releases energy!!!!
awesome channel!
from where do they bring these examples!!
Great!
I love you guys and gals.
yea i feel like that everyday
great vid man
2:43 is that a real compound?
I want to try that
بالله وش اسم برنامج
More science video please 😉 and thank you
KrispyKareem! sorry couldn't resist,
Her doughnuts make me go nuts!
Great video! Thanks!
Do you not see that every reaction has a golf player??? You don’t see the pre-reaction is as important as the reaction?
The action that causes the whole process is the observer
Can you explain the distillation setup
The apparatus used consists of three major parts: distillation flask (or pot) to heat the mixture and volatilize the components, a condenser to cool the vapors back to liquid state, and a collection vessel. Distillation is used to separate liquids from nonvolatile solids, as in the separation of alcoholic liquors from fermented materials, or in the separation of two or more liquids having different boiling points, as in the separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from crude oil. So, liquid H2 will be distilled first, after this liquid N2 will be distilled, followed by liquid O2 and liquid CO2 will be distilled last.
Oh boy
yep that's my cooking
But why is there energy in things at all?
And what is it that makes things require more energy?
Energy comes from initial formation of the Universe, it is not created nor lost but only transformed. On earth the sun provides the energy, which is absorbed by molecules and atoms and triggers chemical reactions all the time. Photosynthesis is a good exemple of a way earth absorbs energy from the sun.
3:21 who does that?
that hotdog on a stick just-
Vinegar and baking soda? I must try this.
Is...is that CGP Grey narrating?
I just Though about why chemical reactions happen wow
i love it
Excellent,
Thank you:) 💚
they really made enthalpy change diagrams with a golf course lmao
Y'all forgot about quantum tunneling. It happens all the time such as in the metamorphosis in frogs, between nitrogenous bases in DNA, etc!
I love the voice of this guy, I could listen to him talking about anything anytime... all the time. I wonder what he looks like. :)
Nobody’s gonna see this it’s last in top comments lol
i did see it tho
What triggers a chemical reaction? Insert Tumblr joke here.
Cool I did not know that
Don't feel like this actually was explained very well
I still don't get what he was saying. could you explain again without using these words, Enthalpy Entropy
entropy? disorder? lmao what say you have a bunch of silicone atoms, and they bond to each other to form their crystalline lattice? isn’t it order from disorder and still entropy? wouldn’t it have been better if you said ‘entropy is a measure of the number of different ways a state can occur’?
relatable
This is so cool😠✊🏻
okay habibti
Bon appetit.... Enjoy your meal. ;)
2:55 lols 😂 look
I'll
it's really 2:56
So, the conclusion of the vedio , other than understanding the laws of thermodynamics was. It is better to cook food on a log of wood in forest.otherwise you will end up creating chaos in your house. 😥🏚
😂😂
CHAOS CHAOS
And then nitroglycerin is drawn wrong (0:51). It was going so well too.
wouldn't I be dead if my oven exploded im so Confuse☠️
from disorder to order
everyone seems to have an idea about Entropy and everything is explained by it, i hear this word a lot lately
probably because of the theory of chaos.
Jokes
1: I was going to make a jump but they all of them argon
2. I was going to make a joke about sodium but Na
3. I was going to make a joke about chemistry but I didn’t think there would be a reaction
Pls like so everyone can see I want enough likes so that someone sees it who lives by me and tells it to me
disliked
Uh oh, Fine brothers, they used the word react
This is literally wrong, reaction entropy has NOTHING to do with activation energy, you're conflating thermodynamics with kinetics....
Diamond spontaneously transforms into graphite, the reaction is exothermic AND entropically favorable, so the free energy surely will decrease, why doesn't it happen before our eyes at any measurable rate each time we simply observe a diamond?
Because it's kinetically limited by a huge activation energy, which has NOTHING to do with the entropy of reaction or the enthalpy of reaction......
I repeat, getting "over the hill" does NOT depend on enthalpy or entropy of reaction, it depends on the activation barrier, this is kinetics NOT thermodynamics.
Why does TED promote wrong information?
sweetheart. I think you need to watch the video again. Your statements are so painful to read like did you even pay attention? No where in the video does it say getting over the hill DEPENDS on enthalpy or entropy, it didnt even say HOW it is getting over the hill 😒 because that's not relevant, that's kinetics. Stop acting like your smarter than a big group of scientists. This is meant to be understandable for the public. You are the only one overthinking it.
im 11 i dont understand speak in english mate
use google translator
I still don't get what energy is, it sounds like metaphysical nonsense tbh
A substance or matter capable of producing movement in any form
Entropy is NOT the same as disorder. Argh!
well it's a good way to explain it.
hillcon45 Well, the entropy of a system is simply the heat in the system divided by the temperature. It is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a thermodynamic system may be arranged, or a measure of the unavailability of a system’s energy to do work. It has nothing to do with "order" or "disorder".
An "ordered" system may have lower entropy than a "disordered" system.
TheLeftLibertarianAtheist dG=dH-TdS, ordered system have low entropy.
The analogy to disorder might be off I agree, but it's pretty accurate.
Disorder is always favored, not by a supernatural force but by probabilities, for a system to conform in orderly structures it requires an other force, enthalpy. For example water is surprisingly liquid in normal conditions: the reason is hydrogen bonds an enthalpic force, while methane is a gaz because there are no hydrogen bounds and not enough enthalpic forces to force a more orderly liquid.
hillcon45 Wrong. There are systems which are more "ordered" and still have higher entropy. Sixty Symbols explained this quite well a while ago: watch?v=vSgPRj207uE
hillcon45 methane has no hydrogen bonds? methane has more hydrogen bonds than water xD
E.
this guy's mouth shaped like arrow
I'm watching basketball ---- > Chemical reaction
Boo why did my teacher makes us watch this
E
What about the cake...?