Embryology of the Pharyngeal Pouches and Clefts (Easy to Understand)

The development of the pharyngeal pouches and clefts explained in a very simple way.
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
- • Introduction to Embryo...
Post any questions you have about the video below, I read all the comments:
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In summary, the pouches become:
- Pouch 1: Part of the tympanic membrane (ear-drum); middle ear cavity; and internal auditory canal (eustachian tube).
- Pouch 2: Palatine tonsils.
- Pouch 3: Dorsal wing becomes the inferior para-thyroid glands. The ventral wing becomes the thymus.
- Pouch 4: Dorsal part becomes the superior parathyroid glands. The ventral part becomes the ultimobranchial body.
- Pouch 5: There is no pouch five, it is rudimentary.
The clefts become:
- Cleft 1: External auditory meatus and part of the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
- Clefts 2, 3, and 4 should disappear. Otherwise branchial fistula or cysts may persist.
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Summary of video for your notes:
- There are four pairs of pouches, the fifth is rudimentary.
- The first pharyngeal pouch forms a stalk-like diverticulum called the tubotympanic recess. It comes into contact with the epithelial lining of the first pharyngeal cleft.
- The second pharyngeal pouch proliferates and forms buds that penetrate into the surrounding mesenchyme. By month 5 the tonsil is infiltrated by lymphatic tissue.
- The third pharyngeal pouch is characterised by a dorsal and ventral wing. In the 5th week, the dorsal wing differentiates into the inferior parathyroid gland; while the ventral into the thymus. Both glands lose their connection with the pharyngeal wall, and the thymus migrates caudally and medially pulling the parathyroid with it. The parathyroids will hopefully find the dorsal surface of the thyroid as it descends in the thyroglossal duct.
- The fourth pouch also has dorsal and ventral components. The dorsal is the superior parathyroid glands and they detach and find the thyroid as it descends. The ultimobranchial body is later incorporated into the thyroid as the C cells (parafollicular cells). These cells secrete calcitonin, which "calci-tones-calcium down" (if high serum calcium is detected, it is released and reduces serum calcium).

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[@geebanilaishram4662]

One of the best Embryology teachers on youtube . You have made Embryology so easy to understand . Thanks a lot !

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Man where have you been when I took my embryology course 4 years ago 😥 , now I'm studying pediatrics and I needed to review some embryology, anyways thanks God that someone took the courage finally !!

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Godfather of embryology.. thank you for all ur outstanding lecture

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Your videos are short and have all the flavor to cover the topics. Love you man!

[@minass]

Lots of flavour 🌶. Thanks!

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I can't be more grateful, thank you so. Much ! I always hated embryology because it seemed so complicated. Keep it up Dr!

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So thank you very much

[@monaevevaynbergmdcandidate2071]

You are absolutely amazing, Dr. Minas!
Can you please come up with a video about the arches and the mesoderm / neuralcrest component of it.

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I’m glad I found your channel!👍🏻👍🏻
These videos are time saving, life saving and grade saving all together 😃
~Keep creating

[@minass]

Glad you like them! Thank you!

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Really easy to understand.Thanks a lot.

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Thank you for the videos, helped me greatly keep them coming!

[@minass]

Christopher Nunez I sure will! Thanks for watching Christopher

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may Lord bless you

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My pleasure

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Wow really great work here. I didn't understand what happens when the 1st arch extends does to fuse. Please shed more light on this.Thank you.

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[@minass]

Gülçin Kahraman no problem 🙂

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Thanks Dua

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Glad you like them!

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Haha cheers Avik. Glad I could help

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Thanks dear sir
For the awesome lecture

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Your explanation with figures is just amazing

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Saliha M. Ali thanks Saliha 🙂

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Thank you.

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Thank you so much sir
Respect 👍👍💯

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Thanks for watching!

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Kangaroo joke! Loved it!
Keep the videos coming please. You make embryology fun!

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Hehe, I'm glad you liked it. The videos will keep coming. Like me on Facebook and follow on Instagram to keep up to date!

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Made embryology so easy to understand. Thank you so much sir.

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You are most welcome!!!

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it was amazingly helpful. thank you.

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amazing explanation Dr

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thank you so much Dr. really helphful

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Glad it was helpful!

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Glad you like it!

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Sir kindly give a brief lecture on nueral crest cells and craniifacial defects including Robin's sequence and others....

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[@alevelsdemystified3410]

SIR, please make a video on the development of muscular system and 4th to 12th week of development.

[@debarotibhaumik8169]

Very helpful for post graduate exam purpose...thanks

[@minass]

Debaroti Bhaumik you’re welcome! Hehe thanks for watching ☺️

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[@minass]

You too for watching

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I m inspired very much. But what about others vides regarding embryology

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When I did my school I just read and forward but now when I cant read lengthy books I have got a clear concept by you

[@minass]

Exactly. Thats why I made these videos. Thanks for the comment!

[@jayanthabandara110]

Can you please upload a vedio about branchial arch arteries

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Thank you👍❤️

[@minass]

Welcome

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Excellent

[@minass]

Lens man thank you for watching!

[@deziangel91]

Are these all the structures developed from the pharyngeal pouches, no aortic, or any vessel structures that are important?

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u r brilliant

[@minass]

Thanks for the complement. You too

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Legend.

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Plz make video on molecular regulation of development of head and neck

[@minass]

More head and neck videos are coming. Including face and teeth embryology. Molecular development is something thats more advanced, I can send you notes on those if you contact me on FaceBook

[@angelomateria7765]

I believe the 1st pouch forms the internal auditory meatus and the 1st cleft forms the external auditory meatus

[@minass]

Angelo Materia yes

[@moazzamhussain4332]

Back from the dead, are we? 😂 Thank you sir, this was much needed!

[@minass]

I won't ever die as long as people watch keep playing my videos haha. Yes Moazzam, I'm back and will be uploading many more videos at a much quicker pace. There are two more coming this week. Embryology of the tongue, and the thyroid. Thanks for watching!

[@moazzamhussain4332]

I have my anatomy final on 29th August! If convenient to you sir, upload them as early as possible because the embryology of tongue and thyroid are usually hot questions in my Medical School exams! Who knows, I might just pass it because of your help :D :P I shall ever be thankful and in your debt.
Love from Pakistan!

[@minass]

They're up - check it out!

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Mr Minass, did you just smile when you called me a pancake?😂

[@minass]

Lydia Li mmm... pancakes.... 🥞

[@nataleebennam]

which pharyngeal arch makes the mandible, external ear and palate ?

[@minass]

You should watch my pharyngeal arch video :)

[@mariabacha2179]

This may have been implied, but I want to confirm - does the colour coding from the 3 primary germ layers match the material of the pharyngeal components? i.e: Clefts - Ecto, Arch - Meso and Pouch - Endo?

[@UzairMuhammad1999]

yep

[@minass]

Yes it should be colour coded to make it even easier 🙂

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Legend

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Jogadhenu sai prasanna haha thanks. You too for watching 😎👌

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لطييييييييييف جدااا

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Had to google translate this 😂

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very nice video, very helpful thank you very much! Quick irrelevant question. Your name is Minas, are you greek?

[@minass]

apoelpirates79 Armenian 🙂

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I love you..

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Sir when would you keep your video about embryology of female genital organs?

[@minass]

Its up!

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please do histology

[@minass]

Maybe sometime in the future but currently I dont have plans to

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do you have a simple way how to understand about development of face? :')

[@minass]

ain amira I will soon!

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Minass yeayy thank you!

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So happy to know that i was initially a pancake!!! 🤩😂😂

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3 pancakes 🥞

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I m Indian
I like this

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Which book you prefer in embryology?

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11:31 screenshot😉🙃