Embryology of the Diaphragm and Thoracic Cavity (Easy to Understand)

The development of the diaphragm and thoracic cavity explained in 15 minutes.
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
- • Introduction to Embryo...
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SUMMARY OF THE VIDEO FOR YOUR NOTES
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Thoracic cavity
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Septum transversum is a thick plate of mesoderm that lies between the thoracic cavity and the stalk of the yolk sac.
The septum transversum comes from visceral lateral plate mesoderm. Its position changes as the fetus grows, curving into the fetal position
This septum isn’t enough to form the diaphragm, as it leaves an open communication between the thoracic and the peritoneal cavity. The canals are called the pericardioperitoneal canals. There is one canal on each side of the GIT.
When the lungs begin to grow, from their humble beginnings of “buds”, they fill the thoracic cavity by growing laterally, and inferiorly, into these canals.
The pleuropericardial folds then appear, as growths into the thoracic cavity. Then, mesoderm of the body wall contribute to the formation of the pleuropericardial membranes. The pleuropericardial membranes are extensions of the pleuropericardial folds, which now contain the common cardinal veins and the phrenic nerves.
As the heart develops, shifting downward, the common cardinal veins move medially, and the pleuropericardial membranes finally fuse with each other and with the root of the lungs. Thus the thoracic cavity is now divided into the pericardial cavity and the two pleural cavities
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Diaphragm
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The diaphragm is made from 4 parts
1. Septum transversum - central tendon
2. Pleuroperitoneal membranes x2
3. C3,c4,c5 somites to form the muscles of the diaphragm
4. Dorsal mesentery of oesophagus in which crura of diaphragm develop
The pleural cavities have now separated from the pericardial cavity, but it still is in open communication with the peritoneal cavity via the pericardioperitoneal canal. These canals are closed by the pleuroperitoneal folds, which grow downwards into the canals. They keep growing towards the middle and the front of the body, and by week 7 they fuse with the dorsal mesentery of the oesophagus and the septum transversum. The division between pleural and peritoneal cavities are completed by the pleuroperitoneal membranes. As the pleural cavity expands, the mesoderm of the body wall adds a muscular component to the pleuroperitoneal membranes. This muscular component is derived from myoblasts, originating from somites at c3-5. This is the muscular part of the diaphragm.
In week 4, septum transversum lies opposite to cervical segments of the spinal cord, therefore the nervous innervation of the septum transversum / diaphragm is from these levels, of C3-5. These are the phrenic nerves. The phrenic nerves pass into the septum transversum via the pleuropericardial folds. This explains why the diaphragm is innervated by cervical nerves, even though its final position will be opposite the thoracic level of the spine, in the fibrous pericardium. The phrenic nerves provide sensory and motor control to diaphragm. However, since the most peripheral components of the diaphragm are developed from thoracic tissue, the intercostal/thoracic nerves contribute some sensory fibres.

[@minass]

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[@noblemasterchief2287]

love the fact he gave a basic overview on the development of the diaphragm before delving deeper

[@favouralabi619]

Thanks for taking your time to explain it all, you’re a really good teacher. Please for future purposes, try and adjust the lights in a way that it doesn’t reflect on the board, that way we would be able to view the diagrams more clearly.

[@minass]

Sorry about that, I uploaded the part of the image that was affected to insta

[@jessicakenton5213]

This is one of the best videos I have ever seen for embryology! Well explained briefly and in details, plus basic diagrams with colour coding. Thank you!

[@libos14]

Thank you for this video!
It's adequately detailed, well-drawn. Just perfect!

[@AhMedicine23]

Sir, you made my day. Thank you for your big contribution and for making us understand these difficult topics.

[@allen331199]

Thank you so much for explaining the embryology of the diaphragm and the thoracic cavity!! I laughed when you talked about the coming test,which is really hard.you explain so well that I can almost understand the development of the two structure, even though English is not my mother tongue

[@swarajdrk]

very simply and aptly explained with diagrams. perfect.

[@Jan2844]

Your videos are truly easy to understand.❤️

[@abdumalik_choriyev]

Thanks Dr Minass, now it become really easy to understand my textbook

[@thatmaroonjacket]

Thank you Dr. Minass

[@anetaromanova6410]

thank you! currently studying for a kinesiology test and this video helped a lot

[@mariageist1547]

so clearly and simply explained. you can see how much work has gone into this video. thank you!

[@minass]

Very welcome

[@reemsAbd]

How wonderful you are, I understood that well yet
Long hours I did not understand what you explained in a minute thank you so much

[@shaimakhalid6178]

Finally!! I was waiting for this video from your channel
your explaining is soooooo clear and simple!
just try to remove these lightnings cuz they hide some parts of the drawings
wish you the besst bro

[@minass]

I'll re-draw that image affected and upload it to instagram 👌

[@soubhielgebaly1517]

EXCELLENT, I LOVE YOU SO MUCH. IAM A NEUROPSYCHIATRIST AND TEACHING ANATOMY IN UNIVERSITY.

[@osadaregideon3858]

This is so nice. Thank you

[@tamunotonyeedward2544]

At least something I can understand after hours of searching online. Thanks sir.

[@dreamingvangogh]

Thank you, this was so helpful!!!!

[@alfarouqelboom8465]

amazing video! keep it up man!

[@edwardneal2363]

Great job!

[@rezasalamati5976]

that was amazing , thank you sir🙏

[@kushal2005]

This was the best explanation I found....
Sir i have a request
May you please upload lectures of topics namely
1. Development of axial skeleton
2. Muscular system
3. Limbs
4. Integumentary system
5. Folding of the embryo
6. Somites and somitomeres
I would be highly thankful to you

[@nakatomackline7540]

Love it..my lessons simplified

[@kaffresh]

THANK YOU IT WAS VERY HELPFUL

[@mohammedalfarsi5685]

Thank you man . You made it so simple 👍🏻

[@minass]

My pleasure

[@miamimazinfikrat6430]

Very helpful 😊

[@camrynferns8500]

Thank you Dr Minass! You have really helped me with my exam preparation, much appreciated!

[@minass]

Glad to help!

[@Wolfiebti]

Thanks alot

[@ravindrachavan9590]

Just brilliant

[@zlegend9443]

Arigato Sensei Minass!

[@ali47560]

thankyou so much, i hope this can help me pass my exams

[@owaisahmad6478]

thanks really appreciate it

[@user-ow4nz7zw8d]

thank you Dr. Minass

[@minass]

Most welcome!

[@netsebrakgezu3189]

It's Nice, Keep going...

[@prashantmandal5640]

You made it simple and easy….

[@vaishmahen7586]

thankyoufor a fantastic lecture, really clearly explained and easily understood. absolute lifesaver!!

[@minass]

Thanks for watching

[@MAM-ze2uy]

Thankssss

[@AnestesiaASMR]

Thanks Minass!

[@minass]

Very welcome

[@highlife2067]

Wow best drawings, and explanations thank you!!!!!

[@minass]

Thanks!

[@owoeyepaul8995]

Your explanations are quite clear. Thank you so much sir. God bless you

[@minass]

And bless you too!

[@SarahHassan-rr8gv]

Tank you❤❤❤❤❤

[@ronnietalmon9357]

Great explanation! Thank you very much :)

[@minass]

Thanks for watching!

[@medicinevolutionbodyworkbe2515]

Thanks Dr Minass! I have a question. Do you think that maybe if someone feels pain in their upper back/traps/shoulders that they might find relief by developing better function of the diaphragm and surrounding muscles? I'm seeing that probability in my practice but I'm wondering if that's plausible from this developmental standpoint. Thanks

[@somibenam9280]

thank u Dr. I am always wondered to know that why the contraction of diaphragm can make it smooth not dumb?

[@tijaniemmanuel6163]

Hi. Thanks

[@waltermatei2886]

You are one amazing dude. Thank you

[@minass]

Thanks Walt 😊

[@chineduogbonnaya465]

Thank you so much

[@minass]

You're most welcome

[@helenakobren1993]

awesomeee class! thank you

[@minass]

Very welcome

[@bookpen7453]

Thank you!!!

[@minass]

Thanks for watching

[@Vanhidrado]

thank you for the great video ....Question: Why right part of the diaphragm is bigger than a left dome .....from the embryologic point of view?

[@kayla5714]

Very great video thank you! I liked how you explained the whole story of embryology in the beginning before getting into the weeds. Only problem was the ring light reflection was blocking one of your beautiful drawings :(

[@minass]

that ring will not make an appearance again

[@nvarmuhamad9874]

HEY can you talk about the origin of the diaphragmatic crurae?

[@HabibKhan-kz1tx]

I was very confused sir .... Thanks sir for making it easy

[@minass]

Happy to help

[@TrueBagPipeRock]

Just found u. Just subscribed

[@minass]

Champion, you are.

[@manahilmalik1911]

Just wow

[@minass]

thanks for watching

[@medicalobsessed7566]

Thanks 🤍

[@ugbongogar7407]

wonderful lecturer i will commend but the lighting obstructs the view of the diagram

[@ssenyonjomusa1361]

great

[@minass]

Thanks

[@ocenwilfred4293]

caught it now but that white thing on lung bud description interferes our watch

[@sarahkateboyette1306]

ily

[@minass]

🤔

[@TheJcaban]

It would be great if you could step away from the drawing for a few seconds so we can get a complete screen capture of the images for our notes!

[@minass]

Notes available in high definition on Facebook 👌🏼

[@pasinduchamod4705]

Hey try to hire a cameraman so that he can focus on where you are teaching.

[@minass]

Check my most recent video 😉

[@debxgood1564]

You are write because my exam is in 10 days😂😂😩

[@minass]

Did you pass?