Fuel System Maintenance for Every Car Type: A Comprehensive Guide
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- Опубликовано: 8 янв 2024
- Vehicles have used many different ways to deliver fuel into your engine. What type is in your car? This video shares a brief history of fuel systems and shares the pros and cons of each. This video also shares what maintenance each system needs and how not to get taken to the cleaners for repairs you don't need. ➡️ Don't forget to check out @MrsWizardsWays for great content there.
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Wizard you forgot one more fuel delivery system. My wife has a 2020 Toyota Camry with the 2.5IL 4 cylinder engine that has both direct injectors and sequential fuel injectors in the intake manifold. The injectors in the intake manifold fire often enough to clean the intake vale. This is called dual fuel injection engine. When the intake injectors cycle the direct injectors don't cycle. This is the best of two worlds when it comes to fuel injector engines.
Good engineering for sure.
Yeah but its just a variation of fuel injection designed to compensate for the valve fouling on DI engines
@davva360
That's not what it was designed for - it's simply fuel efficiency; that the intakes get cleaned is just a bonus.
But will Toyota put an electric-drive supercharger on it?
@@atticstattic it was designed for that purpose.
The Wizard finally got a wand
Loved the smell of my 63 corvette after shutdown an hour later in my garage .
Gearhead cologne
You're a born teacher Car Wizard. And that CASE tractor is worthy of a museum.
Please do more of these classes. They are awesome!
If you're curious about carburetors: check out the massive ones used in WW2 Era, aviation piston engines. These were literally mechanical computers and very complex. Especially if the engines were turbo supercharged.
I think that some of those engines were also fuel injected. Like the engine in the ME109 and (maybe) the P38. Correct me if I am wrong here
@@aldenconsolver3428 The 109 did have injection, that caused the carburated Spitfires a lot of grief. Most allied engines had carburetors.
@@gregedmand9939
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Merlin
"Further improvements were introduced throughout the Merlin range: 1943 saw the introduction of a Bendix-Stromberg pressure carburettor that injected fuel at 5 pounds per square inch (34 kPa; 0.34 bar) through a nozzle directly into the supercharger, and was fitted to Merlin 66, 70, 76, 77 and 85 variants. The final development, which was fitted to the 100-series Merlins, was an S.U. injection carburettor that injected fuel into the supercharger using a fuel pump driven as a function of crankshaft speed and engine pressures.[51]"
What's the best plane to look up if I want to get a better understanding of how they work?
Thank you, wizard, great coverage of this subject, IMO. Fortunately, I am old enough to have experienced most of these systems firsthand. The one point I would have mentioned that didn’t come up was how much drivability improved when we got to the modern fuel injection system. Now, the computer knows everything: Ambient temperature, coolant temperature, oxygen sensors, engine load, throttle position, etc. so that an accurate fuel map is available for all operating conditions. Now you can start your vehicle, wait a few seconds for the oil pressure to come up and confidently drive away without fear of the engine misfiring or hesitating during warmup. This has eliminated the need for extended warmup periods and made driving a cold vehicle much safer. I should add that electronic ignition has also helped in that hotter spark is available all the time to ensure there is no misfiring from a spark that is too weak. A spark plug with 0.020” of gap verses one with 0.060” gap supports a much stronger and more reliable source of ignition.
In the 80s, I had a few Mopar slant-6 cars. The exhaust manifold was directly under the intake manifold.
Dear wizard, my wife and I lived in Wichita for a few months and you are by far the most exciting thing to come out of that city in years lol. And that saying something since we’ve lived in one of the most conservative counties in the United States since 1985 in Grand Rapids area.
Volkswagen was the first car company to include electronic fuel injection in their cars in 1968 on the Type 3, with a Bosch system that used a computer (with all analog parts) to manage it. Volvo also began adding EFI to their cars, also using Bosch systems, in 1970. I had a 1970 VW Type 3 Squareback from 1992-1998 and I loved that car, the EFI system never gave me any trouble. It started right up on the first start of the day regardless of outside temperature and it ran perfectly. My 1986 Toyota Truck SR5 has a Bosch EFI system along with the 22RE engine (E for Electronic Fuel Injection). It too runs perfectly. My 1988 Honda Civic had "Throttle Body" fuel injection, with one primary injector and a secondary when hard acceleration was requested.
Citroën started using D.Jetronic 1969 on their DS21ie model. The Bosch that came after th D-Jetronic was the mechanical K-Tronic system. As far as I know.
1:45 updraft carburetors cause performance issues but they prevent the crankcase from filling with gas from overflowing bowl, the fuel metering device/floater closes the circuit as the fuel pushes on it using fluid dynamics and bouncy, the float in the carburetor bowl bouncing around in shipping on trailer around the farm and bumpy roads makes this hard and it WILL overfill, a piece of lawn equipment will always flood badly and be hard to start after bouncing around, will also smoke and burn oil for awhile if you tip it sideways, and maybe not start
While very short lived, electronically controlled carburetors were a thing in the early 80s. My dad had a 84 Ford Tempo with one and it was fine, great mileage, passed emissions with no problem, it was later on sold to a relative and their mechanic had no idea how to work with it, disconnected cables and vacuum hoses and it ran like crap.
I had one of those. Bought it brand new in 1984, Ford Tempo. Loved that car and upgraded to a 1988 Ford Tuarus which I had for 164K miles both were no troubles cars
I had an 84 Nissan Sentra with one. The electronic carburetor had a solinoid that controlled fuel flow through the main jet, I believe. It also had an an oxygen sensor for fuel richness feedback. Engines with electronic carburetors had lots of vacuume lines that operated various sensors and actuators.
Actually the basic carburettor was the surface or wick types. The intake air flowed past a pool of fuel or a fuel wetted wick and picked up evaporating fuel vapour
I loved the TBI ON my little 4.3 Chev pickup. Worked great, no problem. Ever. Love the little S10. Idiot proof.
This is an awesome way for Mrs. Wizard to influence with her teaching skills to help facilitate Mr. Wizard to offer "Auto Clinics" for us auto noobs! Wonderful content. Thank you.
Great video and it will help lots of drivers who aren't good at diy
The Chevy TBI is a slug but its the cheapest and easist system to work on. You can buy a maintenance kit for $100 and have it all put back together by the afternoon. They also have full rebuild kits for under $1000
awesome recap of the history of auto fuel systems, I wish you would have mentioned Toyota's D4S system, that combines direct and port fuel injection
Toyota does it so it would not carbon up the intake valves and keeps the engine running past 100k with no issues of rough running
@@ToomasTellingcertain conditions port injection is more efficient, valve cleaning is a secondary (and necessary) effect.
Is the Gm6.2L gas engine a combination of port and direct injection?
@@dancin4 not sure, the 6.2 has been through many generations of cars, if we're talking older than 2016 (possibly still with some newer model years as well) then it is port injection
So can the extra fuel injectors be spotted on the intake? Or is there an engine designation type ie :LT4 or LS gen 4?
We Kansans own some nice iron Wizard. Excellent talk.
You skipped a step, in the 80s there was some computer controlled carburetors that were a mix of electronic and computer controlled. The Quadrajet E4ME comes to mind. At cruise, the computer used a solenoid in the carburetor to provide fuel, but at full throttle, the secondary's opened mechanically/vacuum like a traditional carburetor.
I like my 87 GMC Sierra with 5.7 TBI fuel injection thanks for sharing your videos with us
Having owned a Delorean for forty years I think I can be honest about the Delorean engine and it's fuel delivery system. First the K-jet was not designed for today's fuels. The modern fuels corrode the interiors of the parts which run the fuel system. However, if you use the car as a daily driver these problems become a non issue. Delorean owners can drive their cars every day and have no problem with them. Having driven mine for 12 years as a daily driver and putting easily over 250,000 miles on it, I never had to fool with the K-jet. In fact the only thing I did was change filters and fluids. The PVR engine is a very robust engine. I did do one thing to make the engine even more bulletproof, I added Slick 50 to it's oil and ran only synthetic oil after 10,000 miles. One down side with Slick 50 was it turned the Delorean engine into a air cooled engine since it is an all aluminum engine, which on cold NJ winters makes it difficult to get heat to warm the interior. On the plus side if you blow a hose and completely run out of coolant the engine cools itself even on a hot summer day in bumper to bumper traffic. Yes, that really happened, with no damage to the engine. First and only car I ever bought NEW. Never regretted that decision.
My 87 crown vic had EFI.worked great!
HEET fuel additive works well, I use right around a freezing temperature, lifetime skier, visit mountains on ski season, never had an issue, keeps water/moisture out and prevents lines from freezing, easy start up at 15F mornings....Along with that do use STP gas treatment avery other 3 fill ups, improves fuel quality....
95 Ford 150's with the inline 6, had throttle body injection. Worked well.
i worked 5 years at the local case dealership from 78/ 82 in the parts room.
I just wanted to say thank you for the videos. I wish I could have learned under you when I first started out. You have a particular way of speaking and explaining things that is exceptional
I would be interested in seeing more of these educational series showing the evolution over time of various components. Gotta put your wizard teaching wand to use!
With closeups.
Another fuel delivery system is the Ford VV variable venturi carburetor. If I recall, it had a bunch of adjustment screws.
Adding tcw 3 marine oil to the gas helps a lot with injector problems. 1 oz. Per 5 gallons. I keep a bottle in my tacoma every time i fill up
Thanks Wizard!
😀
13:00 before carburetor's there were Mixers, and in-between carburetor's and throttle body injection they used to sometimes use an Electronic controlled fuel jet solenoid based on a narrow band 02 sensor and other data accusation engine control systems, Mazda was one of the first to do this and had it on there b2000 b2200 and b2600 series carbureted trucks from the late 80s
I think some of the higher performance VW's with the 5 cylinder turbos had port and direct injection which helped give a HP boost by engaging the port injectors under boost and had the side effect of keeping the valves clean by doing the classic "Italian tune-up" on them.
Awesome as always.Thanks for sharing and taking us along
Very awesome and most excellent guide. Always learning or getting a refresher course from The Car Wizard!
Keep the educational videos coming. There's plenty of mechanical videos already on RUclips. Thanks and have a good day.
I've built two Rochester Ram Jet fuelies and when they are set up right they run amazingly well! Way better than a carb, and almost as good as electronic fuel injection.
A great explanation of all the carb / injection systems. Thanks Wizard. Even Cessna planes with high wings have the fuel in the wings. No fuel pump.
Wizard, you missed one, the Direct and Port Injection cumbo available on some cars. It reduces the caking of carbon and crud on the intake valves of a solely Direct Injection.
This video is one of the best I've ever seen from Mr. and Mrs. Wizard. Hope for more like this in the future. Thanks, Wizards!
Glad i have a port injection moddel, works great and keeps on going without anny problems. (VW 1.8T 2003)
I think it'd be awesome to see a series going over the major parts of a car from various years, what the average person should know about them & how they work.
This video is a really great overview of the various types of fuel delivery systems! Well done, Mr. Wizard.
As somebody with a car that produces 66 BHP [Hyundai i10] I always use the fuel with the least Ethanol. It makes a huge difference!
If it's the Kappa engine, it's the same 998cc as my 1980 Mini, minus one cylinder. 🤣 But me, I'll never touch or buy a Hyundai or KIA. EXCEPT maybe the first gen Sportage. But that's if I failed to get a Suzuki Samurai, or a classic Lada Niva, which I have seen a Niva in my neighborhood.
Ethanol increases octane and can make more power. . . It does hurt fuel economy, however.
Honestly not noticing a dip in mpg using E10… you’d need a flat rolling road for a fair test I guess but I think it’s placebo mate especially on small N/A engines
Had Hyundais for 25 years and can't fault them! My 10 year old i10 should see me out! _ would love a Niva - one of me dream cars! Couldn't afford the petrol! @@alpine1600s
This was an awesome would. Would love to see similar "evolution" style videos for other automotive systems (e.g., timing, brakes/abs/traction control, suspension)
My 89 LTD Squire has the Ford Speed Density fuel injection system that has no MAF, it just goes off of a lookup table based on manifold pressure and RPM. It actually seems to work pretty well, it definitely works for a car that has no sporty intentions and gets me 10hp over the previous factory carb, now a scorching 150hp lol.
It works well on engines that won't see modifications or upgrades. Unfortunately it's not very flexible when you want the speed density system to start dealing with engine upgrades.
Let me guess; out of a 7.5 litre engine?
@@SuperDirk1965 it's actually the 302, the LTD Crown Vics got it from 87 onwards for a few years while the 351 stayed carb'd
My 89 Lincoln mark vii LSC has the 225hp SD 5.0 from factory but you can do gt40p heads and intake upgrade.Its the camshaft you can't change unless you convert to mass air or aftermarket computer.
In Australia because of less strict emission laws my 1997 Toyota Hilux has a Caburator and in England some Triumph cars had mechanical fuel injection back in the 1960s
Excellent commentary Wizzard, very well done. 👏
Very informative tutorial Mr. Wizard . Many thanks
Excellent video. Thanks Wizard.
This wizard is very wise, has a cool wand also 😎
Apreciate the tuition on the fuel systems that were used over the age of the motor vehicle - as this would be very helpful to some motorists. My only constructive critisisms is that the fuel pressure generated by the 'second' pump fitted to direct injection engines can be circa 300 psi at idle and circa 2,000 to 3,000 psi at full power/load - noting that these will vary somewhat depending on the type of engine.
As for the Buick, it has an electro-mechanical device fitted to the carburetor for effecting gear shifts - i.e. it is not an electronic device.
Wizard, awesome description and explanation of the CIS K-jetronic mechanical fuel system. It explains why everyone assumes Deloreans are "junk". It's an antiquated fuel delivery system that not many people around can service anymore. I had to learn it myself to be able to maintain it in my Delorean. As long as it's maintained, it can be just as reliable a car as any
"As long as it's maintained" can be translated to "drive your car regularly". My DeLorean has over 255,000 miles on it. All I do is drive it. K-Jet is all original as well as the fuel lines. Yes, I know that scares alot of D owners, start the flames now. The reason I have had no issues is that they are used and not just sitting for a long time. Only "maintenance" I have done is to clean the injectors a few times. Yes, they are original too. K-Jet is nasty if left sitting for a long time. I have helped a few owners get theirs back running again. Not fun, but once back up and driven regularly they are reliable. Sorry, I am sounding like a broken record now.
@@shannonyocom5378 agreed. Too many people buy these cars, let them sit, then don't understand why there are problems. Drive em! The reason people talk about replacing the fuel lines so much is that under that rubber hose are thin plastic tubes that are the actual fuel lines. They have started getting more brittle as they age and with all the crap they do to gas these days. If they do split or break then you could just go up in flames. Again, maintenance.
I have already clicked thumbs up and I haven't even watched the video yet!!!! Great video BTW 👍
I SO appreciate your honesty, it's too bad it's not the norm when it comes to shops. If I were closer I wouldn't go anywhere else. I was going to buy a 09 Toy Matrix in Texas & then call you to check it all out, yet with the snow & 09 being a possible lemon year for those I decided not to do it. I'm all the way on the East coast & that's a heck of a drive back! If I'm ever out that way, I would love to come by to say HI! Cheers!
Ooh, Weeezard, you have a magic wand! Loved this video, thank you! Those old gravity-fed carbs were updraft specifically because they had to be below the fuel tank and hence below the cylinder head so side draft or downdraft was not an option (isn't it also funny that up and down are one word but side needs two?).
Well done, very informative. Thank you.
Great video again ✅
I will prepare popcorn and go watch✅
Thank you for your work.🙂
My 93 Grand Cherokee once had the gas tank boiling!
Out on a trail, fuel was pouring out from the top of the tank. I cracked the cap and pressure came spewing out. Was fine the rest of the day.
I replaced the fuel pump and a pressure relief valve on the tank and haven't had that problem since.
🤷♂️
Man learned a lot today!!! Thanks for the video!!
One he did not mention is the dual injection system, port and direct. Toyota/Lexus went to this on many engines around 2010 or so in part to get away from the carbon build up issue.
Great job! thanks
Great video Mr Wizard...👍👍
Really informational and much appreciated
Man I love your content, and the way it’s broken down
superb video THANK YOU VERY MUCH !!!!
Great video Mr Wizard 👍 👏
Well done video lots of good info! Thanks!
Great video - please do more like this!
Great video
Learned a bit there, cheers wizard 👍🏻
Thanks for this.
A LOT OF GREAT INFO IN THIS VIDEO.....Thanks Wizard for showing us different fuel deliver systems 👍
Old F-4 2 Shoe🇺🇸
Learned something today! 😊
Great presentation....
Direct injection secondary fuel pump (mechanical and typically runs off the camshaft) pumps fuel pressure up to an insane 2000psi or even higher.
Anybody remember that old R&B group from Detroit, Straight Eight and The Pistons. They had that hit 'Don't Go Out to Meet the Shrimp Boat,Cuz Sisters Coming Home with the Crabs
I have the old Jetronic system in my '84 VW Rabbit. Great runner
Great. Thank you.
Thanks again.
Greetings from 🇬🇧 l drive a 2010 1.6 diesel ford focus. Love it.
0:56 Joke's on you, I'm already in the bathroom.
Changing the fuel filter on a really old car is a good idea regardless of the type of injection though. Usually pretty cheap and easy as well.
Audi/VW addressed the problem with direct fuel injection and added port injection as well. My 2016 1.8 TSI has both.
The visual of the Wizard using a magic wand to point out fuel system parts on a tractor is hilarious to me.
I like the wand, a true wizard now hahaha
Nice topic.
One system that is missing was the CPI injection on the original GM 4.3 Vortec. It was kind of weird that it had a single main injector attached to 6 tubes with poppet valves at each cylinder. Not exactly the most reliable system, especially compared to the TBI, as it was prone to leaks. Made way more power, though.
Yeah, I was really hoping he'd touch on the Spider Injectors
Yes that system was really weird but it was basically a remote mounted multi port injection system. there were 6 or 8 mini injectors in the fuel block which replaced the fuel rails with plastic tubes and poppet valves going into each intake runner. they released an updated spider assembly that ran tubes from the fuel block with the injectors relocated to the intake runners where they should have been in the first place. also now all the tubes and wiring are sitting inside the intake manifold and probably cause turbulence in the intake path. honestly they would have been better off having normal port injection the real power gain was the vortec heads not the spider injection.
On the Model T's, sometimes you had to go up very steep hills backwards if the fuel tank was not full to get gas to the carburetor.
Great educational video. Toyota also has both port and direct injection on some engines. My son-in-law's 2021 Tacoma with the 3.5L V6 Atkinson Cycle engine has this type of fuel delivery (12 total fuel injectors). The computer changes when the port or direct injector sprays based on data feed. You get the benefit of more power /efficiency with the direct injection, but the port injectors keep the back side of the valves clear of carbon build up. Best of both designs.
I was going to mention the same thing. I personally would not buy a car with only Direct Injection, as I knew the carbon would build up on the backs of the valves. We keep our cars for 15-20 years, and did not want to have to deal with buildup. My wife currently drives a 2021 Toyota Highlander Hybrid. The engine has both port and direct injection. I also add a bottle of fuel system cleaner to the fuel tank every 5K miles, when the oils gets changed. It actually lists that on the oil change intervals as a to-do item. I just wanted people to know that if you have port and direct, I would skip induction cleaning, especially at the dealer, as they try and upsell that to most people. The port injection is for low throttle. And they shut off at high throttle and the direct take over. The systems never operate together though. Thank again for the ongoing videos.
eliminate the fuel boiling problem with Marvel Mystery Oil - here in Oklahoma we have non ethanol gas to which I add MMO at every fill up.
I install a wooden or like carburetor intake manifold spacer which works great!
Compare these fuel injection pressures to high pressure common rail systems in today’s diesel engines…diesel systems typically run well over 20,000 psi…sometimes over 30,000!
The TBI on my 89 Suburban works great as does the K Jet on my 77 280Z....
If you have a GDI car I would recommend sucking seafoam from one of the vacuum lines going into the intake to clear out some of that carbon
informative,,, thank you
This vid was very educational. Sidenote: I've never seen so many Benz's in the shop. Should be an exciting month.
If you like the DMC fuel injection youll like the Kugelfischer fuel injection (found on BMWs)
Really enjoy your videos Wizard. Nice demeanor. Is a catch can helpful to minimize the buildup you highlight with direction injection systems and turbo charged engines in particular?
Hey Wizard!! Can you have a discussion about Top Tier gasoline? Does it minimize carbon buildup in direct injection systems? We drive a 2017 Hyundai Sonata with the 2.4L., direct injection. You can actually hear it when it’s running.
The Sonata has 51k miles on the odometer and it runs as good as new. Excellent fuel mileage - 38 mpg Highway, 26 City. We do use Top Tier gasoline.
Thanks for your entertaining and informative content!!
The attraction of Americans to snake oil never ceases to amaze me. How can petrol that does not pass the valves, clean the valves? That's just the whole point with direct injection problems, the petrol doesn't clean the valves, no matter the fancy name you give the petrol.