If you are enjoying walking the ground with Jim and Al, please do like our videos and subscribe to the channel. We are so appreciative of all the comments and support. As you were 🫡
I was there a month ago with a British Legion cycling group and our historian informed us that they were Czech built guns and that for every shell that the battery fired, the naval ships returned about 200. One of the reasons was that communications with their forward observation point right above the cliffs was destroyed by the last bombardment.
On one of the gun emplacements, (1 or 2) you can clearly see where one of HMS Ajax's shells has hit the concrete on each of the stepped sections of concrete before it's direct hit on the gun. Parts of the gun barrel are outside the emplacement, half buried.
The holes in the metalwork / shield to the left of the gun, where James squeezes by 16:31, are bent outwards. Suggesting an internal explosion. Perhaps from the direct hit from Ajax. Certainly would not want to be manning the gun at that point. Nice series guys. Thank you.
Definitely, when you consider there were 7 battleships and 5 heavy cruisers. Including,hms warspite (8x15in guns only 6 operational at the time) and uss Texas (10x14in guns). Plus the many smaller cruisers and destroyers around.
I went earlier in the year and walked the ground myself. The very french animated experience at merville was actually quite moving. Thanks for the send off al, daz and charlie
It looks pretty much the same as when we visited with our Staff College Course in 2005. We wondered about the ability of the construction of the observation post to hold up the roof then but it is still there and hopefully will be for a few more years to come. You can see why Rommel realised that they needed to do so much more, not only to blunt the landings but also in depth. Relying on fixed albeit impressive looking structures gave a false sense of security. You would have thought that they would have realised having neutralised Eban Emael and the Maginot Line in 1940, that static defence was not the way to go and tied down huge numbers of troops and resources.
I wouldn't say those coastal batteries are as rare as hens teeth, but their not far behind and I can't help thinking those guns could do with some preservation, the gun barrels and concrete will be around for a long time to come, but the rest of the metal is looking in bad shape. Needs protecting for generations to come. I doubt WW2 has ever been so widely covered as it is today with the multitudes of YT channels, so the interest is probably growing by the day. Anyway, loving this series, the dynamic between Al and James is something special. I always think of that comment on a Tank Chats Top 5 video when Al said something like "I've been Al Murray and I hope you've enjoyed the video, if you haven't, I'm most definitely James Holland." 🤣 Still cracks me up. Looking forward to the next instalment.
In having found a video on RUclips of James Holland, from 20 years ago (VE Day) . So much has changed. Yet the history is best in still being kept alive.
Thanks for bringing each story to life , love the shows. My grandad was on HMS Ajax during the battle of the river plate,so I love hearing stories about her, he left Ajax to join the Artic convoys to earn some extra money ( my grandmother died during an air raid on Chatham naval dock yard luckily my dad who was 2 weeks old survived) and joined HMS Achaties and unfortunately was killed during the battle of the Barents Sea
A must-visit location if you are in Normandy. Hitler boasted "I am the greatest fortress builder of all time", he built what has often been called a "threadbare fortress". The gun you gents examined, the way the side shielding has been bent back and the securing heavy screws have been sheared away, and the splinter damage that can be seen piercing it from the inside to the exterior of the gun shield to the bunker walls, a killer shot. Ajax did great work, a testament to her gunnery systems and to the experience of her gun crews and above all the men who directed their fire, the defense network around the site is also worth a look. Nice "on-site" presentation.
Really enjoying this series fellas. More of the same please. A bit of trivia to throw into the mix ….. HMS Ajax was one of the three cruisers, along with HMS Achilles & Cumberland that engaged the KMS Admiral Graf Spee at the battle of the River Plate in December 1939, where the Panzerschiff was scuttled in the estuary outside of Montevideo. Ajax took a bit of a hammering in that encounter and limped back to the Falklands for emergency repairs. Clearly she was back up to speed by 1944, as I didn’t realise that she was involved in this engagement.
There a couple of days ago. The descriptive boards do make the point about how ineffective the battery was but also mention that the stadiametric rangefinder hadn’t been installed on the command bunker and the landline communications were destroyed so guns had rudimentary aiming and were controlled by visual signals.
James and Al are a great team - James does facts but Al does feelings a nice and sobering combination however I was quite surprised they neglected to mention the Fire Control Post wasn't completed on D-Day the structure was complete but none of the equipment had been fitted including the range finders - the earth berm in front of the FCP was only lowered for the making of the film The Longest Day so they could create a more cinematic shot - the scene in TLD was an imagined recreation of what would have been seen along the invasion front at the time however there is some conjecture about whether Pluskat was there at all - the cannon could still fire with some accuracy as they retained their optical sights but without proper fire control and rangefinding their effectiveness would have been dramatically compromised. Ships are big but there's an awful lot of sea between them. -Although built for the Kriegsmarine the battery was apparently transferred to the german army prior to D-Day so I imagine the crews would have been even more inexperienced
Great episode. The battery forced HMS Bulolo to move station. She was the HQ ship for Force G (Gold Beach). Other than that there was not much to write home about.
I would love some info on the design and engineering of those particular and similar bunkers. Why they were the way they were with all that geometry. Super interesting.
Another enjoyable and educational video. Those guns look incredibly intimidating, but were almost useless to defend against the invasion. That is something I have never really thought of before I watched this video. Great job and keep it up guys! Love your stuff! You two are so much fun to watch!
So many different references out there as to what happened at Longues sur Mer on D-day. Part of it I think is due to Stephen Ambrose’s D-day book which goes to great lengths to praise a direct hit by Ajax on one of the guns. However if you’ve been to the site, Ambrose is clearly describing the damage to casemate #4, which was in fact not caused by naval gunfire but by an ammo storage accident on the part of the Allies. Ajax’s fire was certainly accurate and caused the Germans to retire temporarily for repairs, and certainly accurate enough to sever communications with the observation post. I believe the most destructive naval gunfire was later, on the part of a couple of French ships one of which was Georges Leygues (referred to colloquially by the Americans as “George’s Legs) plus the U.S. battleship Arkansas.
Loving this series, one of the best subscriptions I ever made on YT. I was here some years ago and overheard an explanation as to why the weld lines on those guns are still silver while everything else has rusted, they're chromium which apparently the nazis bought from turkey using gold they 'appropriated' from the camps. Not a particularly nice story but a piece of history in itself.
@@TheFatNumpty it's the tiny little facts and details like that as much as the whole human Drama and "could I have coped with that?? " aspect that make the second world war so ibloody fascinating and a subject of endless interest.
One of my favorite WW2 sites, discovered it in the early 2000s, love going there, very austere, I was kind of disappointed they are building a visitor center, I liked it the way it was. Go there on a rainy weekday in April and it has a different perspective, cold in every way.
This is just one of many batterys along the Atlantikwall. Four guns and a leitstand or OP to aim the guns. The stationary guns in the emplacements were captured in the early days of the war. Ammo was limited and not wasted on practice. So, the gunners were not well trained. I visited this site last year. The same battery stood 3 miles from my house in the Netherlands. The guns near my place were taken from a captured naval ship. Apart from the big guns there was a whole infratructure of auxillary bunkers with MG’s and antitank guns. The battery near my town was demolished in 1953 with jack hammers.
The Utah museum states that the USS Corry (DD-463) sank on D-Day, The German Saint Marcouf (Crisbecq) battery hit the destroyer amidships at around 6:30 AM. It stated a smoke screen operated by a French plane was lost when that plane was shot down and the gun placement was able to hit it.
"Can't think about it too much," in regards to if the gun had been manned when hit. I think that's the distinction between a historian and a reenactor. The historians focus on the facts. The reenactors focus on the experiences.
Living in Guernsey, Channel Islands, which as many people know were very heavily defended by the German occupiers, my understanding of the German hierarchy when it comes to gun battery's is that Guns placed to engage targets at sea were controlled by the Navy, Guns placed to engage aircraft were controlled by the Airforce and Guns and other defensive positions to repel an invasion were controlled by the Army
Somewhere there's an account of Ajax knocking out one gun after x rounds, and a second after y. Until that turns up, Admiralty Battle Summary No.39 says: "This battery came to life again later and was engaged by the Argonaut. It was subsequently found that two guns had been put out of action by direct hits with 6-in. shell through the embrasures. These hits must be attributed to chance, since the density of craters around the guns was not high. The remaining two guns were undamaged, though in one case the casemate had been hit. In all, 150 rounds of 6-in. (Ajax) and 29 rounds of 5.25-in. (Argonaut) were fired at the Longues battery."
Ajax had 8 x 6 inch guns. She wasn’t even a particularly big cruiser. Drachinfidel has done an excellent video on naval gunnery. To hit anything, a ship had to allow for (at least) its own movement on 3 axis AND the consequent momentum on the shell, the temperature, the air pressure, the wind (which could be different over the course of the shells flight) and even, at these ranges, the curvature of the sodding earth. You also have to know the range to about 50m otherwise all the above would be wrong. And that’s on a stationary target. It always amazes me that anyone hit anything at typical naval engagement ranges.
@@WW2WalkingTheGround Ajax had a pretty distinguished career including taking on a much bigger and more dangerous vessel in the Graf Spee at the River Plate. Light cruisers weren’t totally unarmed but they were by no means proof against even land based artillery.
I had never thought that about the German defences. The Allies were always going to show up "somewhere", and they'd show up in force when they did. But the Germans only had so many guns, so many people, so many resources. Defending the whole north coast of France was always going to be a tall order. Rommel had it right by trying to get a fast response team setup instead of relying on concrete bunkers etc. The man was a great tactician, hampered by bad bosses.
It’s reasonably instructive to compare these guns performance to that of one, badly outdated, gun in Norway in 1940. The latter sunk the Blucher in short order. These achieved very little. I find that interesting.
The reason there were so many naval guns along the Atlantic wall was surplus in the naval logistic chain. Like the surplus Czech and French guns re-purposed at places like Merville and Pont Du Hoc, lots of naval guns became surplus in 1943, when Hitler lost confidence in his navy and began cutting git back. The 15 cm TbtsK C/36 (5.9inch) gun used at Longues was a very common weapon, several hundred had been produced by 1944 for several classes of warship since the late 1920s. They were the main armament of destroyers, the light cruisers of the Emden, Koln and Leipzig classes, the secondary armament of the Deutschland class heavy cruisers, Scharnhorst class battlecruisers and Bismarck class battleships. There were even left over 5.9" guns from WW1. Guns wear out, the C/36 had a life expectancy of just 1,600 rounds (practice and combat, with new barrel liners every 400 rounds), so for every 5.9"installed in a warship you could expect one in storage and one or two coming through the production line. It was mostly these reserve guns that were transferred to shore defences. Hitler began pruning back his surface fleet after the loss of Bismarck in May 1941. He actively began cutting it back after the Battle of Barrent's Sea in December 1942, where a superior Kriegsmarine surface squadron had failed to break through a British destroyer screen and get at a Russia convoy. Hitler ordered the surface fleet stripped of its guns as a result. Very few German warships had their armament actually removed, but the large stocks of reserve weapons and ammunition were removed from their logistic tails in 1943. These weapons, with their associated fire control systems and mounts became surplus to reduced naval requirements just as the Atlantic wall building reached fever pitch, and so they were transferred there. Coastal Artillery was a very poor relation in the Wehrmacht. To preserve the life span of the guns, they were test fired very rarely, the guns at Pont Du Hoc never got around to being finished after over a years work, and Merville battery had worn out Austro-Hungarian 100mm guns from WW1.
I first visited this site in August 1967 when at that time one of the gun emplacements was occupied by some gypsies and another had a wire fenced off area at it's rear with stacks of unearthed WW2 munitions!
I think many people can't easily comprehend that naval artillery is orders of magnitude more massive then most ground-based artillery. 152mm is a very heavy piece of artillery by army standards but the Battleships have guns of 356-406ish mm caliber (14-16 inch) so your average person seeing the coastal guns can be forgiven for seeing them as more formidable then they actually were. I guess if those were naval guns it would also make sense to man them with Kriegsmarine crews since they would already be familiar with the guns which might save some headaches with training new crews
They weren't even German guns. Captured Czech items. The gun crews got little training due to shortages of ammo and the communications were non existant due to the bombing. So they just fired at what they could see, instead of hitting the beaches as intended. The gun crews were Navy for the same reason AA batteries were Luftwaffe. They weren't doing anything else more useful. In early 1945, Uboot crews were used as infantry.
In late WW2, standard army divisional artillery was about equal to destroyer guns and heavy artillery is about equivalent to cruiser guns. It's only battleships or similar that have guns much larger than the army uses. And although battleships can be effective at bombarding targets on land, it's not what they are designed for.
@@jrd33 not what they were designed for true but as they were designed to fire at long range against mobile targets switching to relatively static targets on land would have been an easier task in terms of accuracy and by that time of the war the majority of main battery fire from Battleships was aimed at land
For the sake of accuracy three of the four bunkers were knocked out by fire from US ships after the Longues Battery guns fired on Omaha Beach, this because Ajax failed to knock them out but did take out a Flak gun.
Makes you wonder how those naval guns determined the fall of shot so accurately. Easier on water, but shelling so far away they must have had spotters in the air I would have to think. Imagine if those emplacements were hit by 14" shells. There'd be nothing but a crater left.
I just watched this whilst cuddled up with my four year old son. Thankfully he's showing an interest! He'll be coming along to WHWfest with me in a few years 😆
I wonder what that ship is at 13.35. It certainly isn't HMS Ajax. For a start, Ajax had one funnel, not two. Ajax also had two forward turrets. The ship at 13.35 doesn't even look British. It looks rather like the Turkish Yavuz, formerly the German SMS Goeben.
@@whiteheatherclub Correct. If you look in the video description, we have placed a correction. A mistake in our archive photos meant a picture taken from HMS Ajax was used and not of HMS Ajax. Thanks for pointing out. Carry on!
Not to take away from the shot by Ajax, but it's more likely, given all the variables inherent in naval gunnery, that that one shot was luck as opposed to expertise and really aiming to put one right down the barrel of the gun.
In reality, it’s both. You have to put down a large amount of fire for the law of averages to produce a direct hit, but you have to be really good in the first place for the law of averages to stand a chance.
It’s a lucky shot to directly hit the gun, it’s a great shot given the equipment of the time to even hit the emplacement. After that it’s luck, although I don’t like to take away from the skill and bravery of the naval gun crew You didn’t comment on the massive shrapnel damage to the part of the gun shield you squeezed past, that damage has come from the inside so must have been a 6” shell exploding inside the casement 😮
Getting a direct hit from a 6 inch naval rifle might not bear thinking about, but you don't need to think about it for long. I'm surprised the gun wasn't blown clean out through the firing port
The battery is to engage ships, not the beaches, and such anti-shipping coastal defence is the job of the kriegsmarine, not the army (it's sort of fighting at sea). Hence, big guns, for long ranges. The Longue sur Mer guns were not a threat to the troops on the beach, but all the ships at sea.They are built to withstand naval gunnery (all except a direct hit on the embrasure), RAF bombing would do little. What are chances of hitting an embrasure? it's a lucky shot, a good one though. So disguising them isn't a priority... they can just take the pounding and keep shooting is the thinking... but they couldn't.
Fancy having to look up Ajax haven't either of you ever watched "The Battle of the River Plate" when Ajax, Achilles and Exeter two light cruiser's and a heavy cruiser ran down the pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.
These emplacements were a serious threat, despite not ending up doing much historically on D-Day. We have to remember the huge forces the Allies had to bring in to neutralise them, & all the other gun batteries. Only the British, Americans & their allies had the industrial capacity & ability to do this, & the Germans had no idea just how much production the Allies were capable of, & how quickly it built up. In 1943 the Allies postponed their invasion landings in France, as they knew they weren't strong enough. Avoiding another Dieppe, only 2 years before, was in all the Allied High Commands minds. I believe the guns were 'Navy' operated due to their size, the army tended to use guns of a smaller calibre.
Loving these but please get the photos right. The ship photo that is on screen for a few moments as James & Al are waxing lyrical about HMS Ajax’s gunnery is not HMS Ajax. I suspect that it is actually the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben pictured in Istanbul after outrunning two Royal Navy battle cruisers in the Mediterranean in August 1914.
Gents with your connections with film and television producers can’t you get a film or mini series of Pegasus bridge and the beaches to the breakthrough.🇬🇧
I found the WHW’s Ep:167 The History Of Concrete fascinating. If the RAF hit Nazi Fairy Liquid production in conjunction with the Dams Raid the results would have been spectacular. But let’s not deal in conjecture.
The serrations/reveals are to stop ricochets going into the opening I believe. The domes/radius top is to help shells bounce off. Having a smaller construction in the middle would save on concrete, but also provide more observation & light for the gun crews & their optical sights for the gun being turned both ways.
HMS Ajax 8 x 6inch guns so approx same calibre as those in the emplacements. So whilst twice as many guns a single target whereas the emplacements were dispersed and probably didn't have anywhere near as good fire control.
I always thought the defenses on dday were a bit sparse. Once they took all the land after their initial invasions. The Germans didn’t do too great with the defense of land they took
Many of you will have seen the observation bunker many time's from the film The Longest Day where pluskats can be seen looking out on the horizon shouting zee coming zee coming and seen laughing hysterical 😀 😢
It's a shame James didn't show Al the German mortar position closer to the cliffs where the builders scratched a crude cartoon of a horse with a gigantic d*ck and a date into the wet concrete, where it remains to this day.. It might have appealed to Al's sense of humour ! - There's another example of the excellence of the Allied Naval gunnery at one of the batteries behind Utah beach, (I think it was either Azeville or Crisbecq) a large calibre US Navy shell entered a German emplacement through the edge of the gun port, went through an internal wall and exploded against the back wall, killing the entire crew and wrecking the gun in a millisecond, with just one shell. You can stand outside looking in and look right along the path the shell took until it exploded..
I always get excited over that wonderful piece of nickel welding on the mantel of that gun. All the rest is rusty while the weld is still bright after all these years.
If you are enjoying walking the ground with Jim and Al, please do like our videos and subscribe to the channel. We are so appreciative of all the comments and support. As you were 🫡
I was there a month ago with a British Legion cycling group and our historian informed us that they were Czech built guns and that for every shell that the battery fired, the naval ships returned about 200. One of the reasons was that communications with their forward observation point right above the cliffs was destroyed by the last bombardment.
You two are like a couple of kids in a sweet shop, absolutely brilliant broadcasting and your podcast is on another level....Thank you.
This 👊
On one of the gun emplacements, (1 or 2) you can clearly see where one of HMS Ajax's shells has hit the concrete on each of the stepped sections of concrete before it's direct hit on the gun. Parts of the gun barrel are outside the emplacement, half buried.
The holes in the metalwork / shield to the left of the gun, where James squeezes by 16:31, are bent outwards. Suggesting an internal explosion. Perhaps from the direct hit from Ajax. Certainly would not want to be manning the gun at that point. Nice series guys. Thank you.
Al’s point about the Atlantic Wall being outgunned by the Allies is very well made.
Definitely, when you consider there were 7 battleships and 5 heavy cruisers. Including,hms warspite (8x15in guns only 6 operational at the time) and uss Texas (10x14in guns). Plus the many smaller cruisers and destroyers around.
I went earlier in the year and walked the ground myself. The very french animated experience at merville was actually quite moving.
Thanks for the send off al,
daz and charlie
Only tuned in to see James running. Run Forest run!
This is a relief; I thought the videos were over with the debrief!
Don't worry -- lots more to come! Next stop Omaha beach...
Really excellent stuff, this. Placing those megastructures in context. Very good!
It looks pretty much the same as when we visited with our Staff College Course in 2005. We wondered about the ability of the construction of the observation post to hold up the roof then but it is still there and hopefully will be for a few more years to come. You can see why Rommel realised that they needed to do so much more, not only to blunt the landings but also in depth. Relying on fixed albeit impressive looking structures gave a false sense of security. You would have thought that they would have realised having neutralised Eban Emael and the Maginot Line in 1940, that static defence was not the way to go and tied down huge numbers of troops and resources.
I’m so glad to see you’re back at it and talking about the Senior Service to boot! Brilliant.
I wouldn't say those coastal batteries are as rare as hens teeth, but their not far behind and I can't help thinking those guns could do with some preservation, the gun barrels and concrete will be around for a long time to come, but the rest of the metal is looking in bad shape. Needs protecting for generations to come. I doubt WW2 has ever been so widely covered as it is today with the multitudes of YT channels, so the interest is probably growing by the day.
Anyway, loving this series, the dynamic between Al and James is something special. I always think of that comment on a Tank Chats Top 5 video when Al said something like "I've been Al Murray and I hope you've enjoyed the video, if you haven't, I'm most definitely James Holland." 🤣 Still cracks me up. Looking forward to the next instalment.
Glad your'e enjoying the series! Next instalment is from Omaha beach....if you are subscriber we can alert you when it's out.
@@WW2WalkingTheGround Subscribed the first minute I saw a video with Al and James walking Normandy. Watched every video so far with pleasure 👍🏼
In having found a video on RUclips of James Holland, from 20 years ago (VE Day) . So much has changed. Yet the history is best in still being kept alive.
Al Murray is a dude, can feel the passion 👊👊
Thanks for bringing each story to life , love the shows. My grandad was on HMS Ajax during the battle of the river plate,so I love hearing stories about her, he left Ajax to join the Artic convoys to earn some extra money ( my grandmother died during an air raid on Chatham naval dock yard luckily my dad who was 2 weeks old survived) and joined HMS Achaties and unfortunately was killed during the battle of the Barents Sea
A must-visit location if you are in Normandy. Hitler boasted "I am the greatest fortress builder of all time", he built what has often been called a "threadbare fortress". The gun you gents examined, the way the side shielding has been bent back and the securing heavy screws have been sheared away, and the splinter damage that can be seen piercing it from the inside to the exterior of the gun shield to the bunker walls, a killer shot.
Ajax did great work, a testament to her gunnery systems and to the experience of her gun crews and above all the men who directed their fire, the defense network around the site is also worth a look.
Nice "on-site" presentation.
Sure, Ajax did hit the gun from 6 miles away. But hitting from that far out is hard, many many shells did not hit.
@@BeerSougionIt only takes 1!
Really enjoying this series fellas. More of the same please.
A bit of trivia to throw into the mix ….. HMS Ajax was one of the three cruisers, along with HMS Achilles & Cumberland that engaged the KMS Admiral Graf Spee at the battle of the River Plate in December 1939, where the Panzerschiff was scuttled in the estuary outside of Montevideo. Ajax took a bit of a hammering in that encounter and limped back to the Falklands for emergency repairs. Clearly she was back up to speed by 1944, as I didn’t realise that she was involved in this engagement.
Present were Ajax, Achilles and Exeter. Cumberland missed the battle but joined from the Falklands before Graf Spee was scuttled.
@@johnculver2519 Apologies you are correct. And in fact I think it was Exeter that had to retire to the Falklands and not Ajax. Kind regards
There a couple of days ago. The descriptive boards do make the point about how ineffective the battery was but also mention that the stadiametric rangefinder hadn’t been installed on the command bunker and the landline communications were destroyed so guns had rudimentary aiming and were controlled by visual signals.
Enjoy the video mate can't wait for the next one
It's quite incredible how peaceful it is today. People walking their dogs, out exercising etc - but once the site of a major battle 80 years prior.
Loving these as a devotee of We Have Ways pod and having spent last week driving through Normandy and walking the ground
James and Al are a great team - James does facts but Al does feelings a nice and sobering combination however I was quite surprised they neglected to mention the Fire Control Post wasn't completed on D-Day the structure was complete but none of the equipment had been fitted including the range finders - the earth berm in front of the FCP was only lowered for the making of the film The Longest Day so they could create a more cinematic shot - the scene in TLD was an imagined recreation of what would have been seen along the invasion front at the time however there is some conjecture about whether Pluskat was there at all - the cannon could still fire with some accuracy as they retained their optical sights but without proper fire control and rangefinding their effectiveness would have been dramatically compromised. Ships are big but there's an awful lot of sea between them. -Although built for the Kriegsmarine the battery was apparently transferred to the german army prior to D-Day so I imagine the crews would have been even more inexperienced
That last comment made me laugh 🤣🤣
Great episode. The battery forced HMS Bulolo to move station. She was the HQ ship for Force G (Gold Beach). Other than that there was not much to write home about.
I would love some info on the design and engineering of those particular and similar bunkers. Why they were the way they were with all that geometry. Super interesting.
Another great walk and chat.. very entertaining..love the banter with the knowledge you reveal, can't wait for Omaha.
Another enjoyable and educational video. Those guns look incredibly intimidating, but were almost useless to defend against the invasion. That is something I have never really thought of before I watched this video. Great job and keep it up guys! Love your stuff! You two are so much fun to watch!
great video gents, If i may ask what jacket is James wearing ?
It’s an M1941 Field Jacket, OD, Summer - so, cotton twill not poplin, which was the finish for the standard M1941.
So many different references out there as to what happened at Longues sur Mer on D-day. Part of it I think is due to Stephen Ambrose’s D-day book which goes to great lengths to praise a direct hit by Ajax on one of the guns. However if you’ve been to the site, Ambrose is clearly describing the damage to casemate #4, which was in fact not caused by naval gunfire but by an ammo storage accident on the part of the Allies.
Ajax’s fire was certainly accurate and caused the Germans to retire temporarily for repairs, and certainly accurate enough to sever communications with the observation post. I believe the most destructive naval gunfire was later, on the part of a couple of French ships one of which was Georges Leygues (referred to colloquially by the Americans as “George’s Legs) plus the U.S. battleship Arkansas.
I had exactly the same thought when I was in the observation bunker in June looking at the four spindly rusted supports holding the roof up
Ajax had - 8 (4x2)[3] BL 6-inch (150 mm) Mk XXIII guns
And Fire Control Radar type 282 after a refit in the USA. So aiming should be easier then optical aiming alone.
Loving this series, one of the best subscriptions I ever made on YT.
I was here some years ago and overheard an explanation as to why the weld lines on those guns are still silver while everything else has rusted, they're chromium which apparently the nazis bought from turkey using gold they 'appropriated' from the camps. Not a particularly nice story but a piece of history in itself.
Thank you for watching and thank you for this great comment!
That's fascinating
@@jamesross1799 I agree, this was a tour guide that said this incidentally, one of those things you'd miss ordinarily.
@@TheFatNumpty it's the tiny little facts and details like that as much as the whole human Drama and "could I have coped with that?? " aspect that make the second world war so ibloody fascinating and a subject of endless interest.
One of my favorite WW2 sites, discovered it in the early 2000s, love going there, very austere, I was kind of disappointed they are building a visitor center, I liked it the way it was. Go there on a rainy weekday in April and it has a different perspective, cold in every way.
This is just one of many batterys along the Atlantikwall. Four guns and a leitstand or OP to aim the guns. The stationary guns in the emplacements were captured in the early days of the war. Ammo was limited and not wasted on practice. So, the gunners were not well trained. I visited this site last year. The same battery stood 3 miles from my house in the Netherlands. The guns near my place were taken from a captured naval ship. Apart from the big guns there was a whole infratructure of auxillary bunkers with MG’s and antitank guns. The battery near my town was demolished in 1953 with jack hammers.
The Utah museum states that the USS Corry (DD-463) sank on D-Day, The German Saint Marcouf (Crisbecq) battery hit the destroyer amidships at around 6:30 AM. It stated a smoke screen operated by a French plane was lost when that plane was shot down and the gun placement was able to hit it.
Great video, thank you all. FYI HMS Ajax was equipped with 8 6 inch (150mm) guns. I think that was the same calibre as the guns in the casemates.
Great series, keep it coming 😊
Loving these, ✌️
Glad to hear! Do subscribe (if you haven't already!) and we'll alert you when new episodes are released, usually Fridays. Next stop is Omaha.
@@WW2WalkingTheGround i subscribed from the start, been a keen listener to the pod since 2020. WNTL
Who spotted the bat that flew near Al Murray's head while they were standing at the damaged gun at about 17:30 ?
James say don't think about the guys on that gun.... I doubt they knew what hit them and the clean-up crew would have used a hose D+7 or 8 days later?
"Can't think about it too much," in regards to if the gun had been manned when hit. I think that's the distinction between a historian and a reenactor. The historians focus on the facts. The reenactors focus on the experiences.
Living in Guernsey, Channel Islands, which as many people know were very heavily defended by the German occupiers, my understanding of the German hierarchy when it comes to gun battery's is that Guns placed to engage targets at sea were controlled by the Navy, Guns placed to engage aircraft were controlled by the Airforce and Guns and other defensive positions to repel an invasion were controlled by the Army
Fantastic video guys , me and my family visited here last year , now I can tell them a bit more of what happened 👍🏻
Somewhere there's an account of Ajax knocking out one gun after x rounds, and a second after y. Until that turns up, Admiralty Battle Summary No.39 says:
"This battery came to life again later and was engaged by the Argonaut. It was subsequently found that two guns had been put out of action by direct hits with 6-in. shell through the embrasures. These hits must be attributed to chance, since the density of craters around the guns was not high. The remaining two guns were undamaged, though in one case the casemate had been hit. In all, 150 rounds of 6-in. (Ajax) and 29 rounds of 5.25-in. (Argonaut) were fired at the Longues battery."
Thank you
All that concrete around that gun.....you hear about hits on ship gun turrets and the carnage inside, then you look at that tomb....
Amazing work lads! I was there two weeks ago myself. By the way, the observation bunker is the one used in the movie "the longest day".
Ajax had 8 x 6 inch guns. She wasn’t even a particularly big cruiser.
Drachinfidel has done an excellent video on naval gunnery. To hit anything, a ship had to allow for (at least) its own movement on 3 axis AND the consequent momentum on the shell, the temperature, the air pressure, the wind (which could be different over the course of the shells flight) and even, at these ranges, the curvature of the sodding earth. You also have to know the range to about 50m otherwise all the above would be wrong. And that’s on a stationary target. It always amazes me that anyone hit anything at typical naval engagement ranges.
@@qjnmh Well noted. Tomorrow’s episode ‘D-Day DeBrief Part Two’ James says to Al that Ajax was a light cruiser.
@@WW2WalkingTheGround Ajax had a pretty distinguished career including taking on a much bigger and more dangerous vessel in the Graf Spee at the River Plate. Light cruisers weren’t totally unarmed but they were by no means proof against even land based artillery.
He's not 'Drachinfidel' !
I wouldn't not want to be the one doing the risk assessment for this episode.
My father was on HMS Ajax that day and said the noise was deafening.
Static defence in a war of mobility, who'd have thought it was a bad idea?
You'd think the Germans would have had the self-awareness on that after Blitzkrieg'ing half of Europe.
I had never thought that about the German defences. The Allies were always going to show up "somewhere", and they'd show up in force when they did. But the Germans only had so many guns, so many people, so many resources. Defending the whole north coast of France was always going to be a tall order.
Rommel had it right by trying to get a fast response team setup instead of relying on concrete bunkers etc.
The man was a great tactician, hampered by bad bosses.
It’s reasonably instructive to compare these guns performance to that of one, badly outdated, gun in Norway in 1940. The latter sunk the Blucher in short order. These achieved very little. I find that interesting.
Blucher was also hit by torpedoes fired from the Norwegian coastal fort.
The reason there were so many naval guns along the Atlantic wall was surplus in the naval logistic chain. Like the surplus Czech and French guns re-purposed at places like Merville and Pont Du Hoc, lots of naval guns became surplus in 1943, when Hitler lost confidence in his navy and began cutting git back.
The 15 cm TbtsK C/36 (5.9inch) gun used at Longues was a very common weapon, several hundred had been produced by 1944 for several classes of warship since the late 1920s.
They were the main armament of destroyers, the light cruisers of the Emden, Koln and Leipzig classes, the secondary armament of the Deutschland class heavy cruisers, Scharnhorst class battlecruisers and Bismarck class battleships. There were even left over 5.9" guns from WW1.
Guns wear out, the C/36 had a life expectancy of just 1,600 rounds (practice and combat, with new barrel liners every 400 rounds), so for every 5.9"installed in a warship you could expect one in storage and one or two coming through the production line.
It was mostly these reserve guns that were transferred to shore defences. Hitler began pruning back his surface fleet after the loss of Bismarck in May 1941. He actively began cutting it back after the Battle of Barrent's Sea in December 1942, where a superior Kriegsmarine surface squadron had failed to break through a British destroyer screen and get at a Russia convoy.
Hitler ordered the surface fleet stripped of its guns as a result.
Very few German warships had their armament actually removed, but the large stocks of reserve weapons and ammunition were removed from their logistic tails in 1943. These weapons, with their associated fire control systems and mounts became surplus to reduced naval requirements just as the Atlantic wall building reached fever pitch, and so they were transferred there.
Coastal Artillery was a very poor relation in the Wehrmacht. To preserve the life span of the guns, they were test fired very rarely, the guns at Pont Du Hoc never got around to being finished after over a years work, and Merville battery had worn out Austro-Hungarian 100mm guns from WW1.
I first visited this site in August 1967 when at that time one of the gun emplacements was occupied by some gypsies and another had a wire fenced off area at it's rear with stacks of unearthed WW2 munitions!
Im loving this series. And hoping that you will do arnhem next month.
On further study the ship you briefly show could be SMS Goeben!
Love this series and I’m delighted it’s here on RUclips so we can all see and share it. Maybe the camera person should walk backward next time 😂
Can't believe Al and James stood in the OP and didn't recreate that scene from The Longest Day - golden opportunity missed!! 🤣
I've been there twice, a really cool place to visit.
I think many people can't easily comprehend that naval artillery is orders of magnitude more massive then most ground-based artillery. 152mm is a very heavy piece of artillery by army standards but the Battleships have guns of 356-406ish mm caliber (14-16 inch) so your average person seeing the coastal guns can be forgiven for seeing them as more formidable then they actually were. I guess if those were naval guns it would also make sense to man them with Kriegsmarine crews since they would already be familiar with the guns which might save some headaches with training new crews
They weren't even German guns. Captured Czech items. The gun crews got little training due to shortages of ammo and the communications were non existant due to the bombing. So they just fired at what they could see, instead of hitting the beaches as intended. The gun crews were Navy for the same reason AA batteries were Luftwaffe. They weren't doing anything else more useful. In early 1945, Uboot crews were used as infantry.
In late WW2, standard army divisional artillery was about equal to destroyer guns and heavy artillery is about equivalent to cruiser guns. It's only battleships or similar that have guns much larger than the army uses. And although battleships can be effective at bombarding targets on land, it's not what they are designed for.
@@jrd33 not what they were designed for true but as they were designed to fire at long range against mobile targets switching to relatively static targets on land would have been an easier task in terms of accuracy and by that time of the war the majority of main battery fire from Battleships was aimed at land
Is Al doing the drumming?
Yes he is!
@@WW2WalkingTheGround needs to add the gong he took along on Taskmaster
Yes!
That observation bunker was used on the movie the longest day
How far back does the space for the crew go? Are there tunnels?
There’s actually not much behind the gun emplacement. Just a corridor with some rooms either side then an exit at the back.
For the sake of accuracy three of the four bunkers were knocked out by fire from US ships after the Longues Battery guns fired on Omaha Beach, this because Ajax failed to knock them out but did take out a Flak gun.
Any sources for that claim, please?
Makes you wonder how those naval guns determined the fall of shot so accurately. Easier on water, but shelling so far away they must have had spotters in the air I would have to think.
Imagine if those emplacements were hit by 14" shells. There'd be nothing but a crater left.
My dad was with 6th green Howard's on d-day
My respect to your father for his brave service ❤
Amazing. Did he know Stanley Hollis?
He never mentioned it but then never talked much about. His experience. Going by his records he was with D company in the August.
Hitting a target from 6 miles away from a moving ship comes down to 2 things. Luck and throwing out enough shells.
I just watched this whilst cuddled up with my four year old son. Thankfully he's showing an interest! He'll be coming along to WHWfest with me in a few years 😆
My grandfather was there in HMS Ajax.
Bat @17:44
If one wants to see impressive German fortifications one only has to go to Alderney harbour. Staggering.
Sitting in an outhouse holding your helmet... steady on old boy 😂😂😂
I wonder what that ship is at 13.35. It certainly isn't HMS Ajax. For a start, Ajax had one funnel, not two. Ajax also had two forward turrets. The ship at 13.35 doesn't even look British. It looks rather like the Turkish Yavuz, formerly the German SMS Goeben.
@@whiteheatherclub Correct. If you look in the video description, we have placed a correction. A mistake in our archive photos meant a picture taken from HMS Ajax was used and not of HMS Ajax. Thanks for pointing out. Carry on!
Not to take away from the shot by Ajax, but it's more likely, given all the variables inherent in naval gunnery, that that one shot was luck as opposed to expertise and really aiming to put one right down the barrel of the gun.
In reality, it’s both. You have to put down a large amount of fire for the law of averages to produce a direct hit, but you have to be really good in the first place for the law of averages to stand a chance.
So guys, when are you touring HMS Belfast for the other end of this.
Nice idea!
@@WW2WalkingTheGround film one episode relating to D-Day etc, but then do another about the battle of North Cape and save it for a rainy day.
It’s a lucky shot to directly hit the gun, it’s a great shot given the equipment of the time to even hit the emplacement. After that it’s luck, although I don’t like to take away from the skill and bravery of the naval gun crew
You didn’t comment on the massive shrapnel damage to the part of the gun shield you squeezed past, that damage has come from the inside so must have been a 6” shell exploding inside the casement 😮
Getting a direct hit from a 6 inch naval rifle might not bear thinking about, but you don't need to think about it for long. I'm surprised the gun wasn't blown clean out through the firing port
The battery is to engage ships, not the beaches, and such anti-shipping coastal defence is the job of the kriegsmarine, not the army (it's sort of fighting at sea). Hence, big guns, for long ranges. The Longue sur Mer guns were not a threat to the troops on the beach, but all the ships at sea.They are built to withstand naval gunnery (all except a direct hit on the embrasure), RAF bombing would do little. What are chances of hitting an embrasure? it's a lucky shot, a good one though. So disguising them isn't a priority... they can just take the pounding and keep shooting is the thinking... but they couldn't.
Fancy having to look up Ajax haven't either of you ever watched "The Battle of the River Plate" when Ajax, Achilles and Exeter two light cruiser's and a heavy cruiser ran down the pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee.
And, those holes from shell splinters look like they came from the inside? Frightening....
the photo is not of HMS Ajax it's the Turkish flagship Yavuz (ex SMS Goeben), the picture was taken FROM Ajax on 18 September 1945 in Istanbul.
These emplacements were a serious threat, despite not ending up doing much historically on D-Day. We have to remember the huge forces the Allies had to bring in to neutralise them, & all the other gun batteries. Only the British, Americans & their allies had the industrial capacity & ability to do this, & the Germans had no idea just how much production the Allies were capable of, & how quickly it built up. In 1943 the Allies postponed their invasion landings in France, as they knew they weren't strong enough.
Avoiding another Dieppe, only 2 years before, was in all the Allied High Commands minds.
I believe the guns were 'Navy' operated due to their size, the army tended to use guns of a smaller calibre.
Not necessarily. The German army operated batteries in the 10cm to 24cm caliber range.
First class!
good lad
Concrete in short supply: Germans - Bunkers, Brits - Portable Harbours bigger than Dover.
Loving these but please get the photos right. The ship photo that is on screen for a few moments as James & Al are waxing lyrical about HMS Ajax’s gunnery is not HMS Ajax. I suspect that it is actually the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben pictured in Istanbul after outrunning two Royal Navy battle cruisers in the Mediterranean in August 1914.
No, it is. Firing at the port of Bardia in 1941 and the photo of it in entirety is taken in Turkey in 1945.
Great.You needed to show the fields of fire.
Gents with your connections with film and television producers can’t you get a film or mini series of Pegasus bridge and the beaches to the breakthrough.🇬🇧
Captured Skoda guns I beleive.
It’s life Jim but not as we know it!😂
I found the WHW’s Ep:167 The History Of Concrete fascinating.
If the RAF hit Nazi Fairy Liquid production in conjunction with the Dams Raid the results would have been spectacular. But let’s not deal in conjecture.
Why are all the concrete structures built with the upside down wedding cake over the opening? Is there an obvious engineering reason I’m missing?
The serrations/reveals are to stop ricochets going into the opening I believe. The domes/radius top is to help shells bounce off. Having a smaller construction in the middle would save on concrete, but also provide more observation & light for the gun crews & their optical sights for the gun being turned both ways.
@@eric-wb7gj Thanks!
18:44 "Nazis, eh?" 😆
WW2 summed up in two words! 😂
HMS Ajax 8 x 6inch guns so approx same calibre as those in the emplacements. So whilst twice as many guns a single target whereas the emplacements were dispersed and probably didn't have anywhere near as good fire control.
I always thought the defenses on dday were a bit sparse. Once they took all the land after their initial invasions. The Germans didn’t do too great with the defense of land they took
Many of you will have seen the observation bunker many time's from the film The Longest Day where pluskats can be seen looking out on the horizon shouting zee coming zee coming and seen laughing hysterical 😀 😢
It's a shame James didn't show Al the German mortar position closer to the cliffs where the builders scratched a crude cartoon of a horse with a gigantic d*ck and a date into the wet concrete, where it remains to this day.. It might have appealed to Al's sense of humour ! - There's another example of the excellence of the Allied Naval gunnery at one of the batteries behind Utah beach, (I think it was either Azeville or Crisbecq) a large calibre US Navy shell entered a German emplacement through the edge of the gun port, went through an internal wall and exploded against the back wall, killing the entire crew and wrecking the gun in a millisecond, with just one shell. You can stand outside looking in and look right along the path the shell took until it exploded..
Will check this out next time. Thank you for watching.
I always get excited over that wonderful piece of nickel welding on the mantel of that gun. All the rest is rusty while the weld is still bright after all these years.
Can't you find someone better tha remoaner Murray for a walk?