Nuclear Magnetic Moment

Nuclear particles like protons and neutrons have an intrinsic magnetic moment of their own. Essentially, they behave as tiny bar magnets.
Magnetic moment is a measure of the strength and orientation of a bar magnet or physical objects that act as a bar magnet, i.e. they have a magnetic field of their own; analogous to having two dipoles - North & South poles. For example: a circular current loop, an electron revolving around a nucleus etc.
Essentially, when a particle has an intrinsic charge as well as some kind of angular momentum, then it also has an associated magnetic moment. Particles like electrons, neutrons and protons are fermions, i.e. they are spin half particles, and so have an intrinsic spin angular momentum of their own.
When such particles are placed in the presence of an external magnetic field, it leads to splitting of their energy levels corresponding to the spin up and spin down of their respective orientations.
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