What is and how is the resting membrane potential or cell membrane polarity produced?

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  • Опубликовано: 23 июл 2024
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    It describes what the resting membrane potential or membrane polarity is and how it is produced. The effect of a different concentration of non-diffusible ions (non-diffusible anions, AND) in the intracellular (LIC) and extracellular (LEC) compartments is described. The most abundant ANDs (organic proteinates and phosphates) in the LIC generate electrochemical gradients between LIC and LEC for diffusible ions (e.g.: Na, K, Cl) and also generate a charge gradient with the more electronegative interior. That is, they are generators. In addition, they generate an osmotic gradient towards the cell interior. The Na/K ATPase (the Na-K pump) in each cycle pumps 3 sodium out and 2 potassium into the cell. So the Na-K pump pulls a net positive charge per cycle out of the cells. Finally, leak channels (unregulated channels), which are highly permeable to potassium, less permeable to chlorine, and very poorly permeable to sodium, are also electrogenic because they allow the net outflow of positive charges and the net inflow of negative charges. Therefore, DNAs, Na-K ATPase, and leak channels are responsible for cells having membrane polarity.

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