Join the TimeGhost Army bit.ly/WAH_068_PI to be part of forging a better future by knowing our past. With this video we’ve caught up with the backlog on War Against Humanity after the delay due to health issues of the past weeks. Meanwhile, the weekly war episode 202 is a bit late, but being completed as this goes out. For those who know what’s happening this week in 1943, you might know why… lots of maps in this one dealing with a certain location in the USSR. It will come out later today - we thank you for your understanding, and patience.
A4 doesn't "become" V1, the two are unrelated. V1 is a jet powered cruise missile, V2 is the political designation of the A4 ballistic rocket. That's why grandad could shoot down V1s in Doodlebug Alley but do nothing about the V2
@@mehmetkilic2334 you know that if you keep trolling with lies, you’ll get banned, right? We haven’t skipped anything - it was covered already, and will be covered again. Your reaction to Katyn says a lot about your motives, and national sympathies. That said, for now we’re going to assume that you’re not on a payroll somewhere, but this is the last warning. If we’re wrong, you’ll go the sane way as hundreds of accounts managed by your colleagues already have, and soon leave the building.
Hi, one small correction as I have seen this mistake a few times now: I believe the Viceroy of India was called Linlithgow, not Lithlingow :) Thanks for the episodes!
On the 30th of June 1943, Stefan Rowecki, commander of the Polish Home Army, was arrested. This seriously impacted the resistance in the country even before Sikorski's death.
Thank you, as always, for your words of inspiration. As an aside, the French Museum of the Resistance is located in the former Gestapo headquarters in Lyon, and is well worth the trip.
I lived in Lyon, France for a little while, and I noticed there’s still a great public memory of Jean Moulin there. Everyone knows the story of him and Klaus Barbie, how he was brutally tortured but could not be broken. Lots of stuff is named after him there, he’s a proud part of the city’s culture. Un héros de la France!
I visited the Jean Moulin statue and the doctor's house where he and the resistance leaders were arrested, just this week... and inspired by this series. The pharmacie is the "Moulin Pharmacie", the boulangerie (bakery) has Moulin's image entirely covering the wall... plus many others. The French well understand Mr Olsson's invokation.
As brutal as the Vergeltungswaffen were, they also launched a new era of aerial warfare. Thank you Sparty for all you do. Your oratory skills are unmatched.
13:57 Small correction A4 has nothing to do with the V1 on the technical level so the A4 was not to "become" the V1. It is the name that the V2 was assigned during development.
A Werner Von Braun special would be a very cool addition to the series. I've heard that after the first successful V2 launch against England the scientist said in passing at a party "The rocket performed well but it landed on the wrong planet." That night Von Braun was brought out of his house and interrogated and almost killed by the SS if it hadn't been for Dornbergher using his influence to convince higher ups of the need for Von Braun's expertise. The man is a divisive character but it seems deep down he wanted exploration greater than conquest.
It's not just Rocket science whose advancements came at a tragic cost. I remember when my father spoke to me of how his employer, Ampex, benefited from Nazi scientists and their developments in tape technology leading to Ampex's development of the Cassette Tape and VHS. As a young lad in the 60's and 70's hearing this I didn't think twice, but now I understand. And I wonder what other developments, such as medical maybe, came at a tragic price. As always thank you so very much for the video.
Many of the tortures in the prison camps determined how long it took, for instance, for people to last in cold water. This predicted pilot survival chances. Many other studies were done that were not thrown away, as they had cost so much.
Greetings ladies and gentlemen. I am once again back and I’ve binged many WW2 episodes,after some family drama. Thank you to every lady and gentleman of the TG for the consistent incredible episodes.
Sikorski's death of course caused many conspiracy theories in Poland and arguments between historians with different theories. Some of them are very wild. F.e. the body of Sikorski's daughter was never found, nor there was any evidence that she entered the plane, so there are theories that she was abducted by the Soviets before and sent to Gulag where she was later recognized by one of the Polish cichociemny who was also a prisoner there in 1945. It does not help that the British classified the documents concerning the crash for 50 years (supposedly, the regular period should be 30 years), and in 1993, "reclassified" them again - for 40 years. In 2008, the British Foreign Office stated that they don't have any classified documents concerning Sikorski's death and everything was already revealed. Supporters of assassination theories point out that f.e. - autopsy of Sikorski's body was never conducted (until 1993) - photographs of the crash site quickly disappeared - Eduard Prchal, the Czech pilot, who was known for never wearing a life jacket, was wearing one this time. There were also inconsistencies in his statements in the post-crash investigation and he blamed them on losing his memory - Sikorski's planes had a couple of malfunctions already and 6 weeks before the crash Polish clerks in London received a phone call with information that Sikorski died in a plane crash in Gibraltar - as you mentioned, the investigation did not provide any answers, it did not explain the cause of the crash - besides Kim Philby, the Soviet ambassador to the UK Ivan Maisky was also present that day in Gibraltar and his plane was parked nearby Sikorski's unguarded plane on the Gibraltar airfield. The same month Maisky was recalled back to Moscow and seized to hold his position of ambassador The usual suspects are of course the Soviets, the British, the Germans, and the Polish opposition. Sometimes there is more than one conspirator and they get mixed into different combinations, including a scenario where the Germans were working together with the Polish opposition. UK and USSR were to murder him due to his vocal protests concerning the Katyn massacre. The Germans of course loved the idea that it was the British and the Soviets together who murdered Sikorski and quickly picked up on it in their propaganda. The British wouldn't really gain anything by killing Sikorski as anyone who would replace him (they knew it probably would be Sosnkowski) would have a much more uncompromising approach towards the Soviets and Sikorski was the best man the British had in that case. And internal strifes within the Polish army were supposedly taken care of exactly during that visit which he was coming from. It was a severe blow to Poland and its cause in the war. None of the later Polish prime ministers in exile was able to get into such close connections with the British government. Poles, from being loved in the UK for the Battle of Britain, turned into a nuisance that was only weakening the Allied unity and angering the Soviets and Sikorski's death was a final nail in the coffin, it severed any close ties there were left between both governments. Poland's input into the war effort could not be compared with the value of the Soviet Union as an ally. Then, Teheran, Yalta and Potsdam conferences followed. In February 1945, when General Anders' protested at Churchill after Yalta that the British basically sold his country, Churchill was to say "“We have enough troops today and we don't need your help. You can take your divisions."
A friend of mine was a boy in Berlin circa 1945 He recalled after one bombing raid he saw a gruesome sight The local shopkeeper with half his head blown off standing up dead in the doorway of his shop
A lot of heavy events on the War Against Humanity side despite the backdrop of two colossal impending events on the war front. Good work continuing to cover these important events while also dealing with the monumental task of covering Kursk and Sicily. #smittystampofapproval 👍
Thank you for the hard work in making these War Against Humanity episodes. I know that the workload has been busier than usual due to major events that are or going to happen these few weeks. No matter how hard it is to watch them, we will steel ourselves through the third WAH episode released this week. Thanks Sparty & team. Never forget.
Thank you as always, Dickson Phua. I'm always excited to see your name in the comments. Your steadfast support & great commentary has contributed a lot to our channel, and we can't thank you enough. Please stay tuned
Thank you very much! Great Episode like always. Thank you for bringing the story of Polish resistance to a world wide audience! I am curious if Spies & Ties will also cover the story of V2-Rocket and the Polish secret service (by Polish underground state and the Polish Government in Exile)? I think this spy story also could be worth an own episode.
Never forget the heroes who died resisting true tyranny and madness. Also, I think it's supposed to be "Werner von Braun" not "Brown" in the description.
Don't say that he's hypocritical, Say rather that he's apolitical. "Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down? That's not my department," says Wernher von Braun. Some have harsh words for this man of renown, But some think our attitude Should be one of gratitude, Like the widows and cripples in old London town, Who owe their large pensions to Wernher von Braun. -- Tom Lehrer
Werner Braum was a war criminal. Point. It is for ever to the shame of the UnitedStates that they recruited this criminal, and others, instead ofputting him on trial at the end of the war. He was directly responsable for the deaths of thousands of civilians, which makes him a war criminal. You are an extremely cynical and amoral individual for suggesting OTHERWISE.
@@patrickguncuninghame4991 Dude you have heard the song right? It biting satire at the US "recruiting" Von Braun. at no point does it try to pretend that Von Braun isn't a war criminal. ruclips.net/video/TjDEsGZLbio/видео.html
G'day, Oh, no, it wasn't a Cruise Missile. Cruise Missiles have an actual Course to fly, featuring enroute and terminal guidance, originally by Inertial Navigation backed up by a Strip-Map of the Track and Target, to compare with the View from a TV Camera in the Nose - later upgraded to include and then rely on GPS Data... The V-1 was launched on a Magnetic Compass Bearing, and it could make inflight Yaw-adjustments using it's small Rudder to stay on that bearing..., it had an Aneroid Barometer enabling it to trim the nose attitude to roughly maintain Altitude..., and it had an actual Clockwork Timer on the Fuel Shutoff. Not so much of a Cruise Missile as it was a Free-Flight Robotic Kamikaze Warhead, with a Spring-driven Clockwork Autopilot.... The only way to adjust for enroute Wind Effects (Crosswind, Headwind or Tailwinds all drastically shifted the centre of Impact in the CEP - Circle of Equal Probability, wherein 50% of all the arriving Bombs will actually materialise after their blindly wandering perigrination...) ; was to wet a finger, hold it up to the wind, guess at the strength and direction enroute, lay out a Magnetic Course and calculate the alteration required to counter the effect of your "predicted" enroute Wind, and then set the V-1's Compass Bug onto your best Guess - of what might perhaps possibly be the actually current direction in which it should point it's Nose - and thus have the actual Wind Variations gently and cumulatively waft it's otherwise meandering Groundtrack, "Straight towards the Target...". The V-1, to my way of thunkin' was less of a Cruise Missile than it was a blind leap of Faith in the likelihood of Technology to function as perfectly in Reality as it does in Hypotheticality - and in Douhet's Theory of Frightfulness..., which claims that, "Terror Bombing of Enemy Cities will cause the Population to rise up against their Government and demand an immediate end to Hostilities..." In reality, the V-1 never hit any Target it was "aimed at" (launched towards, maybe) smaller than a City...; and Aerial Bombing, by Humans or Robots has not ever ended any Waaauugh(!). {And Hiroshima and Nagasaki did not end the Pacific WW-2, any more than did the Firebombing of Tokyo (which killed 110,000 and destroyed 10 square miles, compared to the 86,000 dead and 1.5 square miles destroyed at Hiroshima)...; the Japanese were already ready to surrender in August 1945 due to Allied Submarine Warfare and Minefields in all Japanese Coastal Waters having halted all Inter-Island Transport and Fishing Fleets..., the Mushroom Clouds were "just another reason..." why Japan could not continue waiting to be invaded - they had to surrender as soon as possible, or starve}. Such is life. Have a good one... Stay safe. ;-p Ciao !
Another excellent episode. I had not known about the Greek victims in the run up to Husky, which created the impression that Greece was the invasion target.
I am worried for the world. It feels like if rage and fear is once more rising, and conflicts emerging. I will do one thing to try to lesser that, and that is promise to talk. Whoever you are, I don't hate you and I don't want you to die. I we find ourselves at a conflict of interest, know that I want to talk, and not kill you. Let's not kill each other, simple as that.
In the early 40s, a Luftwaffe raid blew out the windows of a family in Liverpool, ruining a leather sofa which the family reserved for special occasions. "If I'd known that was going to happen we could have been sitting on it all these years," observed George Harrison's future mother.
@@WorldWarTwo The area of North West London she grew up in is only a couple of miles from RAF Northolt and Moor Park Golf Club, both of which were major command centres.
I think if allies get wind of Peenemuende, they will go for extreme measures to stop or even delay this project. Sikorski's death while Philby is in Gibraltar is highly suspicious - as Stalin had both motives and opportunity to execute one of his major obstacles to domination of Eastern Europe... V-1 is totally different from A-4 which will become V-2, V-1 is a cruise missile of sorts, jet-powered unpiloted plane with warhead, with a very rudimentary autopilot. Polish resistance will have some say in delivering secrets of V-weapons to Allies, if you will do research...
Hard truths are so much harder to say and hear but so much more important than comfortable lies... Thank you Spartacus. PS: I never thought East Grinstead would ever be mentioned in this World War II history ?!...
🤔 Indeed. East Grinstead is where Dr Archibald McIndoe worked as a plastic surgeon at the Queen Victoria hospital. He specialised in treating RAF pilots with severe burns, who became known as the ‘Guinea Pig Club’. Chance often played a major role in whether someone survives or is killed in war. Never Forget 💐.
Thankyou Spartacus and Team you have Produced something that will be a Benchmark for future Generations in understanding and Explaining how and why the world is as it is to this Day
Daniel Thank you for your support and high praise. We are humbled & delighted constantly that we have such an enthusiastic audience of history buffs to join us as we explore this terrible war.
Hey, what happened to the normal weekly episode?? i saw the troop deployment one only?? you guys said in the post that it would release in a couple of hours?
Outstanding work as always. I just wanna point out some error about the A-4 where you said it was first called the V-1 then the V-2. This is false, the V-1 and V-2 were different projects and saw service at the same time in the war. The A4 was always called the V2.
A little technical quibble, the V-1 and V-2 programs were not related in any way save for the general doctrine of their use: striking civilian targets indiscriminately. The A4 was never referred to as the V-1, that designation had always been given to the pulse jet cruise missile manufactured by Fieseler.
@@aleksazunjic9672 this is not true either. Both programs began before the war even started, so there was nothing to revenge. Antwerp was plastered with V2s for strategic reasons because it was a vital port. Southampton was targeted by V1s for the same reasons. You are falling for Hitlers propaganda to some degree
Sorry i know this is in the " future " On the 9th of July '44 swedish Flying officer Fredrik Håkansson age 23 shot down two V - 1 rockets and when going for a third later that day had to bail out over the sea out of Dungeness said over the radio " The rocket is exploding - gonna jump " this is the last anyone heard him say. From Swedes at war 1914 -1945 By Lars Gyllenhaal and Lennart Westberg (2004)
@@WorldWarTwo no worries mate 👍 Can you do a special episode about the July Plot (Operation Valkyrie)? Of course it'll have to wait till 1944 but it's an interesting subject
Please do a special episode on what happened to all of these German displaced people (Indy and Astrid don't have to do them all!), who must be approaching a million and present a major drain on industry and government spending.
One thing that we already know is that much of the clothing given to the displaced by the German version of the Red Cross had owned by Holocaust victims and other "undesirables" prior to their execution.
Isaac Every episode is a great investment of research, time, and money. We do our best to cover the action of this war every single week and to bring you special episodes regularly, but we can't do it without your support! Join the TimeGhost Army today and help us make more of those specials! www.patreon.com/join/timeghosthistory
Regarding rockets, Tom Lehrer says it quite well, "You too may be a big hero, Once you've learned to count backwards to zero."In German oder English I know how to count down, Und I'm learning Chinese," says Wernher von Braun."
@@KatrinaLeFaye He could not do anything to prevent this. All able men were on the front. Rüstungsminister Albert Speer replaced them with Slave Workers from the East. Almost every german company used forced labour cause there were no able german Workers left in this destroyed country.
Another conspiracy theory about Sikorski's death was that it was a work of Czechs, since the only miraculous survivor of that plane crash was the Czech pilot.
I'm wondering--the number of people who lose their homes in the bombing attacks on the Ruhr is typically an order of magnitude above the number killed or wounded. Is this bombs hitting the homes while the population is is bomb shelters? Is it post-bombing fires spreading in residential areas? Could you elaborate a little more on what that number means exactly and where it comes from?
@@alexhussinger3550 that was the term that the British used. I use it with caution as it’s a rather callous euphemism for destroying people’s lives by making them homeless.
There are a number of studies exploring the German evacuation programs, including the KLV. For starters check out Julia S. Torrie - 'For Their Own Good'' Civilian Evacuations in Germany and France, 1939-1945 - Berghahn Books (2010)
@Eric Olson All of our series have different hosts, Indy does the WW2 series, Spartacus presents this War Against Humanity series, Astrid does Spies And Ties and Anna covers On The Homefront
It might just be me, but Spartacus really seems to trail off in volume for the last two or three words of most sentences, making it difficult to hear. I appreciate the content, his tone, and candor, but I did want to offer some constructive feedback.
Maybe it's the whiskey talking, maybe it's the onset of old age. Why do the deaths of two men I never knew, who perished 20 years before I was even born, tear at my heart right now? Is it the fear that their deaths seem to mean nothing to these people, today's people, who seem so willing to throw away the freedoms that they died for? When I see what it going on in the world today I can't help but think that we are on the verge of repeating history. And who will fight and die for freedom this time around? These children who know nothing but video games and easy living?
There is nothing wrong with mourning for someone far removed from ourselves. We must remember kindness, clemency, and understanding if we're ever to avoid repeating this awful past.
Kid Mohair Thank you for watching, and we appreciate the Likes however silly the interface is. It helps us get our show to a wider audience. Stay tuned
You say that the A4 becomes the V1 and later the V2. I didn't think there was anything mechanically similar between the two: one is a liquid fuel rocket, the other a pulsejet cruise missile. My understanding was that the A4 became the V2, and the V1 was only related in that it's an explosive delivery mechanism given the same naming sequence.
1943 Werner Von Braun meets with Hitler and show's him their new missile's. 1963 Werner meets with JFK and shows him their new missile's. Am I missing something?
@@bobtaylor170 No problem. I'm a little obsessive about my own grammar and recheck it. So I understand. I had a little feeling that was the wrong use. But then the comments section is full of run on sentences and bad grammar usage.
I’d say very, very rarely - in this case probably because they crashed in water and didn’t go down nose first. The plane stalled, tumbled, and hit the water belly down with the tail slanting downwards. The type of stall supports the loose cargo theory.
Fell a bit behind on this sub-series due to various other things taking time, so I went and watched two in a row....... that did not lessen the impact at all. I think I'll go watch something more light hearted for a bit, rather then watching the last I was still behind on right away. Thank you for the eloquence to bring it so much more alive though, it would clearly not be the same with out that.
Is it really possible to withstand the most savage, vicious and brutal torture, not revealing anything? I don't think so....especially if the germans knew or suspected he was the head of the resistance movement....
It's been known since antiquity, and proven countless times in the modern age: torture is effective in one thing: getting people to talk, not in getting accurate information. It is only a means of getting whatever answer the torturer wants, regardless of its truth or validity.
@@WorldWarTwothanks for replying and I'm aware of it, but isn't that pretty easy to check??? And how many times can the victim screw them over? If it doesn't ad up, next time it all will be yet more horrible.....I guess....???
@@conceptalfa Jean Moulin actually stayed silent - it's well documented by the Gestapo, was confirmed by Klaus Barbie and others, and has been used as evidence in courts of law where it withstood cross-examination. In fact he refused to even reveal his name (which his tormentors eventually knew anyway of course). How he did it, I have no idea, but he did. The others who were captured with him used another method. They spoke, but they just made stuff up. They kept the fabrications close to reality, but changed essential details like names, dates, and places. They had trained this method before being captured, as it was essential to stay consistent, and repeat the same information, even when barely conscious from the beatings. And easy to check it is not - the questions were about future operations, people that the Gestapo didn't know the identity of, dead drop locations that might never be used again, and so on. Torture is a really inefficient interrogation method, for these reasons and what you mentioned - people will say anything to make it stop.
@@spartacus-olsson thanks, quiet increadible, I would probably s...t my pans if only such a Gestapo sadist glazed at me, brrrr....increadible people....!!!
@@WorldWarTwo English, of course. My guesses? French, Dutch, German... Maybe Polish, his pronunciation seems confident. Understands a few more than he speaks too, I would guess.
Join the TimeGhost Army bit.ly/WAH_068_PI to be part of forging a better future by knowing our past.
With this video we’ve caught up with the backlog on War Against Humanity after the delay due to health issues of the past weeks. Meanwhile, the weekly war episode 202 is a bit late, but being completed as this goes out. For those who know what’s happening this week in 1943, you might know why… lots of maps in this one dealing with a certain location in the USSR. It will come out later today - we thank you for your understanding, and patience.
Thanks for the clarification, I was wondering if there's something wrong with the new episode
A4 doesn't "become" V1, the two are unrelated. V1 is a jet powered cruise missile, V2 is the political designation of the A4 ballistic rocket. That's why grandad could shoot down V1s in Doodlebug Alley but do nothing about the V2
Waiting for regular episode,
@@mehmetkilic2334 you know that if you keep trolling with lies, you’ll get banned, right? We haven’t skipped anything - it was covered already, and will be covered again. Your reaction to Katyn says a lot about your motives, and national sympathies.
That said, for now we’re going to assume that you’re not on a payroll somewhere, but this is the last warning. If we’re wrong, you’ll go the sane way as hundreds of accounts managed by your colleagues already have, and soon leave the building.
Hi, one small correction as I have seen this mistake a few times now: I believe the Viceroy of India was called Linlithgow, not Lithlingow :)
Thanks for the episodes!
So many WAH episodes recently. Scary to think how far we've come from them being only once a month.
Thank you for watching, Ben. No matter how difficult the subject. Never forget
It's only going to get worse as the war goes on. 1944-1945 is going to be pure apocalypse.
On the 30th of June 1943, Stefan Rowecki, commander of the Polish Home Army, was arrested. This seriously impacted the resistance in the country even before Sikorski's death.
Thank you, as always, for your words of inspiration. As an aside, the French Museum of the Resistance is located in the former Gestapo headquarters in Lyon, and is well worth the trip.
Good way to reuse available infrastructure.
Thank you for the recommendation, David.
I lived in Lyon, France for a little while, and I noticed there’s still a great public memory of Jean Moulin there. Everyone knows the story of him and Klaus Barbie, how he was brutally tortured but could not be broken. Lots of stuff is named after him there, he’s a proud part of the city’s culture. Un héros de la France!
I visited the Jean Moulin statue and the doctor's house where he and the resistance leaders were arrested, just this week... and inspired by this series. The pharmacie is the "Moulin Pharmacie", the boulangerie (bakery) has Moulin's image entirely covering the wall... plus many others. The French well understand Mr Olsson's invokation.
@@aleksazunjic9672 Well, yes, it all cast a long, long shadow over French society and politics.
As brutal as the Vergeltungswaffen were, they also launched a new era of aerial warfare. Thank you Sparty for all you do. Your oratory skills are unmatched.
13:57 Small correction A4 has nothing to do with the V1 on the technical level so the A4 was not to "become" the V1. It is the name that the V2 was assigned during development.
The A4 is the same as the V2, and never had anything to do with the V1, which was a subsonic cruise missile.
They were two completely different systems and technologies.
Like the others have already said, can only thank you for your continued hard work on this difficult series.
Thank you Gianni
Those two leaders lives, while lost,are light houses of hope shining on despite their deaths.
A Werner Von Braun special would be a very cool addition to the series. I've heard that after the first successful V2 launch against England the scientist said in passing at a party "The rocket performed well but it landed on the wrong planet." That night Von Braun was brought out of his house and interrogated and almost killed by the SS if it hadn't been for Dornbergher using his influence to convince higher ups of the need for Von Braun's expertise. The man is a divisive character but it seems deep down he wanted exploration greater than conquest.
I would love to see a spacial about the father of NASA.
He still helped the nazis.
It's not just Rocket science whose advancements came at a tragic cost. I remember when my father spoke to me of how his employer, Ampex, benefited from Nazi scientists and their developments in tape technology leading to Ampex's development of the Cassette Tape and VHS. As a young lad in the 60's and 70's hearing this I didn't think twice, but now I understand. And I wonder what other developments, such as medical maybe, came at a tragic price.
As always thank you so very much for the video.
Many of the tortures in the prison camps determined how long it took, for instance, for people to last in cold water. This predicted pilot survival chances. Many other studies were done that were not thrown away, as they had cost so much.
Thank you for watching, Graham. Indeed, much of our current technology and development has unfortunately been brought about with terrible suffering.
"Let us not waste what they have given us." Very poignant message.
Greetings ladies and gentlemen. I am once again back and I’ve binged many WW2 episodes,after some family drama. Thank you to every lady and gentleman of the TG for the consistent incredible episodes.
Sikorski's death of course caused many conspiracy theories in Poland and arguments between historians with different theories. Some of them are very wild. F.e. the body of Sikorski's daughter was never found, nor there was any evidence that she entered the plane, so there are theories that she was abducted by the Soviets before and sent to Gulag where she was later recognized by one of the Polish cichociemny who was also a prisoner there in 1945. It does not help that the British classified the documents concerning the crash for 50 years (supposedly, the regular period should be 30 years), and in 1993, "reclassified" them again - for 40 years. In 2008, the British Foreign Office stated that they don't have any classified documents concerning Sikorski's death and everything was already revealed.
Supporters of assassination theories point out that f.e.
- autopsy of Sikorski's body was never conducted (until 1993)
- photographs of the crash site quickly disappeared
- Eduard Prchal, the Czech pilot, who was known for never wearing a life jacket, was wearing one this time. There were also inconsistencies in his statements in the post-crash investigation and he blamed them on losing his memory
- Sikorski's planes had a couple of malfunctions already and 6 weeks before the crash Polish clerks in London received a phone call with information that Sikorski died in a plane crash in Gibraltar
- as you mentioned, the investigation did not provide any answers, it did not explain the cause of the crash
- besides Kim Philby, the Soviet ambassador to the UK Ivan Maisky was also present that day in Gibraltar and his plane was parked nearby Sikorski's unguarded plane on the Gibraltar airfield. The same month Maisky was recalled back to Moscow and seized to hold his position of ambassador
The usual suspects are of course the Soviets, the British, the Germans, and the Polish opposition. Sometimes there is more than one conspirator and they get mixed into different combinations, including a scenario where the Germans were working together with the Polish opposition. UK and USSR were to murder him due to his vocal protests concerning the Katyn massacre. The Germans of course loved the idea that it was the British and the Soviets together who murdered Sikorski and quickly picked up on it in their propaganda. The British wouldn't really gain anything by killing Sikorski as anyone who would replace him (they knew it probably would be Sosnkowski) would have a much more uncompromising approach towards the Soviets and Sikorski was the best man the British had in that case. And internal strifes within the Polish army were supposedly taken care of exactly during that visit which he was coming from.
It was a severe blow to Poland and its cause in the war. None of the later Polish prime ministers in exile was able to get into such close connections with the British government. Poles, from being loved in the UK for the Battle of Britain, turned into a nuisance that was only weakening the Allied unity and angering the Soviets and Sikorski's death was a final nail in the coffin, it severed any close ties there were left between both governments. Poland's input into the war effort could not be compared with the value of the Soviet Union as an ally. Then, Teheran, Yalta and Potsdam conferences followed. In February 1945, when General Anders' protested at Churchill after Yalta that the British basically sold his country, Churchill was to say "“We have enough troops today and we don't need your help. You can take your divisions."
I never had an appreciation for the difficulties of the various Resistance groups, so kudos for presenting this little know side of WW2.
WAH is why I am a member of the Time Ghost Army.
Thank you Bill. We could not do this series without your support
A friend of mine was a boy in Berlin circa 1945
He recalled after one bombing raid he saw a gruesome sight
The local shopkeeper with half his head blown off standing up dead in the doorway of his shop
A lot of heavy events on the War Against Humanity side despite the backdrop of two colossal impending events on the war front. Good work continuing to cover these important events while also dealing with the monumental task of covering Kursk and Sicily. #smittystampofapproval 👍
Thank you Benjamin
Hi Sparty
Another week of dead and destruction.
This war gave only death both for allies and axis.
So many innocent people died.
Lets not forget.
Thank you for the hard work in making these War Against Humanity episodes. I know that the workload has been busier than usual due to major events that are or going to happen these few weeks. No matter how hard it is to watch them, we will steel ourselves through the third WAH episode released this week. Thanks Sparty & team. Never forget.
Thank you as always, Dickson Phua. I'm always excited to see your name in the comments. Your steadfast support & great commentary has contributed a lot to our channel, and we can't thank you enough. Please stay tuned
Thank you very much! Great Episode like always. Thank you for bringing the story of Polish resistance to a world wide audience! I am curious if Spies & Ties will also cover the story of V2-Rocket and the Polish secret service (by Polish underground state and the Polish Government in Exile)? I think this spy story also could be worth an own episode.
I feel really sad for Greek resistance. It's foreshadowing of what's coming for Poles...
Liberty and self determination are still being fought for today.
Never forget the heroes who died resisting true tyranny and madness.
Also, I think it's supposed to be "Werner von Braun" not "Brown" in the description.
Don't say that he's hypocritical,
Say rather that he's apolitical.
"Once the rockets are up, who cares where they come down?
That's not my department," says Wernher von Braun.
Some have harsh words for this man of renown,
But some think our attitude
Should be one of gratitude,
Like the widows and cripples in old London town,
Who owe their large pensions to Wernher von Braun. -- Tom Lehrer
Call him a Nazi, he won't even frown,
"Ha, Nazi, Schmazi, " says Wernher von Braun
Werner Braum was a war criminal. Point. It is for ever to the shame of the UnitedStates that they recruited this criminal, and others, instead ofputting him on trial at the end of the war. He was directly responsable for the deaths of thousands of civilians, which makes him a war criminal. You are an extremely cynical and amoral individual for suggesting OTHERWISE.
@@patrickguncuninghame4991 Dude you have heard the song right? It biting satire at the US "recruiting" Von Braun. at no point does it try to pretend that Von Braun isn't a war criminal. ruclips.net/video/TjDEsGZLbio/видео.html
The V1 was the world's first operationally used cruise missile.
G'day,
Oh, no, it wasn't a Cruise Missile. Cruise Missiles have an actual Course to fly, featuring enroute and terminal guidance, originally by Inertial Navigation backed up by a Strip-Map of the Track and Target, to compare with the View from a TV Camera in the Nose - later upgraded to include and then rely on GPS Data...
The V-1 was launched on a Magnetic Compass Bearing, and it could make inflight Yaw-adjustments using it's small Rudder to stay on that bearing..., it had an Aneroid Barometer enabling it to trim the nose attitude to roughly maintain Altitude..., and it had an actual Clockwork Timer on the Fuel Shutoff.
Not so much of a Cruise Missile as it was a Free-Flight Robotic Kamikaze Warhead, with a Spring-driven Clockwork Autopilot....
The only way to adjust for enroute Wind Effects (Crosswind, Headwind or Tailwinds all drastically shifted the centre of Impact in the CEP - Circle of Equal Probability, wherein 50% of all the arriving Bombs will actually materialise after their blindly wandering perigrination...) ; was to wet a finger, hold it up to the wind, guess at the strength and direction enroute, lay out a Magnetic Course and calculate the alteration required to counter the effect of your "predicted" enroute Wind, and then set the V-1's Compass Bug onto your best Guess - of what might perhaps possibly be the actually current direction in which it should point it's Nose - and thus have the actual Wind Variations gently and cumulatively waft it's otherwise meandering Groundtrack,
"Straight towards the Target...".
The V-1, to my way of thunkin' was less of a Cruise Missile than it was a blind leap of Faith in the likelihood of Technology to function as perfectly in Reality as it does in Hypotheticality - and in Douhet's Theory of Frightfulness..., which claims that,
"Terror Bombing of Enemy Cities will cause the Population to rise up against their Government and demand an immediate end to Hostilities..."
In reality, the V-1 never hit any Target it was "aimed at" (launched towards, maybe) smaller than a City...; and Aerial Bombing, by Humans or Robots has not ever ended any Waaauugh(!).
{And Hiroshima and Nagasaki did not end the Pacific WW-2, any more than did the Firebombing of Tokyo (which killed 110,000 and destroyed 10 square miles, compared to the 86,000 dead and 1.5 square miles destroyed at Hiroshima)...; the Japanese were already ready to surrender in August 1945 due to Allied Submarine Warfare and Minefields in all Japanese Coastal Waters having halted all Inter-Island Transport and Fishing Fleets..., the Mushroom Clouds were "just another reason..." why Japan could not continue waiting to be invaded - they had to surrender as soon as possible, or starve}.
Such is life.
Have a good one...
Stay safe.
;-p
Ciao !
Another excellent episode. I had not known about the Greek victims in the run up to Husky, which created the impression that Greece was the invasion target.
This is just the beginning of the mass civilian massacres
Thank you for watching, Eleanor
I am worried for the world. It feels like if rage and fear is once more rising, and conflicts emerging. I will do one thing to try to lesser that, and that is promise to talk. Whoever you are, I don't hate you and I don't want you to die. I we find ourselves at a conflict of interest, know that I want to talk, and not kill you. Let's not kill each other, simple as that.
Thank you, Sparty. Never forget.
Thanks for watching and remembering with us, Hannah.
Love the click "slide show" effect.
Bel hommage à nos héros, Sikorsky et Jean Moulin, merci, Danke, Thanks monsieur Spartacus!
Michel Thank you for watching mon ami!
Bone-chilling end speech, great episode as always.
Thank you Waisse
As von Braun so profoundly put it a year later:
“The rocket worked perfectly, except that it landed on the wrong planet.“
I'm reminded of a retort regarding von Braun's book: "I aim at the stars" "... but sometimes hit London!"
Or as Tom Lehrer famously wrote,
"Once the rockets are up
who cares where they come down,
„That's not my department“,
says Wernher von Braun."
Yes.
That‘s an original Quote from the Father of NASA.
Thank you.
Thank you Michael
Interesting fact: Wernher von Braun would later go on to design the saturn v rocket which took the first people to the moon
I think 99.9% of the people watching this show know that 🙄
Odd that this is what I consider a “lighter” episode, but after the previous one…. This is definitely lighter
That's unfortunately the trend in this war. Stay tuned for more.
My mother was born at Pinner in Middlesex in 1942. She claimed that one of her first memories was being put under a table during a V1 rocket attack.
In the early 40s, a Luftwaffe raid blew out the windows of a family in Liverpool, ruining a leather sofa which the family reserved for special occasions. "If I'd known that was going to happen we could have been sitting on it all these years," observed George Harrison's future mother.
Can't imagine what that must have been like. Thanks for sharing about her experience, Keith
@@WorldWarTwo The area of North West London she grew up in is only a couple of miles from RAF Northolt and Moor Park Golf Club, both of which were major command centres.
I think if allies get wind of Peenemuende, they will go for extreme measures to stop or even delay this project.
Sikorski's death while Philby is in Gibraltar is highly suspicious - as Stalin had both motives and opportunity to execute one of his major obstacles to domination of Eastern Europe...
V-1 is totally different from A-4 which will become V-2, V-1 is a cruise missile of sorts, jet-powered unpiloted plane with warhead, with a very rudimentary autopilot.
Polish resistance will have some say in delivering secrets of V-weapons to Allies, if you will do research...
Would be a shame if the RAF paid a visit to Peenemunde
thank you in introducing these kinds of humanity lives glory
Jean moulin's a big pride for France
unlike some others (Laval, Pétain) that some try to rehabilitate here
Canada took a long time to remove Pétain's name from a Western mountain, but it's been done.
Thanks for the video.
Thank you for watching
All of you are so wonderful.
You are too kind
Hugo You're wonderful
I cannot strongly enough with the statement at the end. It is up to us to prevent another war like this and champion the cause of peace.
Hard truths are so much harder to say and hear but so much more important than comfortable lies... Thank you Spartacus.
PS: I never thought East Grinstead would ever be mentioned in this World War II history ?!...
🤔 Indeed. East Grinstead is where Dr Archibald McIndoe worked as a plastic surgeon at the Queen Victoria hospital. He specialised in treating RAF pilots with severe burns, who became known as the ‘Guinea Pig Club’. Chance often played a major role in whether someone survives or is killed in war. Never Forget 💐.
Thank you Siri
Seriously underrated channel.
spykez Thank you for watching
Thankyou Spartacus and Team you have Produced something that will be a Benchmark for future Generations in understanding and Explaining how and why the world is as it is to this Day
Daniel Thank you for your support and high praise. We are humbled & delighted constantly that we have such an enthusiastic audience of history buffs to join us as we explore this terrible war.
I can listen 2 this forever. Great video
Loved what you said at the end about the dead Resistance leaders Sparty. It was very poignant. Have a nice day.
@@aleksazunjic9672---I was talking about what Sparty said. Not one French leader or another.
@@aleksazunjic9672---And again I was talking about what Sparty said. Now I'm washing my hands of you.
Hitler also didn't believe in nuclear power, luckily for us...
Thanks Spartucas.
Thank you for watching, Kevin
What the Nazis used for evil we use for good. And that my friend, is a defeat of the Nazis.
Hey, what happened to the normal weekly episode?? i saw the troop deployment one only?? you guys said in the post that it would release in a couple of hours?
agreed we need our fix : )
Apparently it got delayed a bit further but it's comming. Look at the pinned comment.
Thank you. Never forget.
Thanks!
Outstanding work as always.
I just wanna point out some error about the A-4 where you said it was first called the V-1 then the V-2. This is false, the V-1 and V-2 were different projects and saw service at the same time in the war. The A4 was always called the V2.
Yes, the V1 had a tail mounted engine, the V2 was a rocket.
Thank you Gandalf
Enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up
This is a fine channel.
…with the finest audience.
Thank you
Thanks for the replies!
Congratsulations Sparty your doing good work and all the best to the team too...
Tom Thank you for watching, we appreciate the kind words
Robert H.Goddard ignored by the Federal Government
Steel falls from the Heavens as well as being made for terror on the ground. NEVER FORGET!
I can't say I enjoy these, anymore than I enjoy going to church, but both are at a level far beyond something as banal as enjoyment.
Thank you Bob, that is high praise indeed.
A little technical quibble, the V-1 and V-2 programs were not related in any way save for the general doctrine of their use: striking civilian targets indiscriminately. The A4 was never referred to as the V-1, that designation had always been given to the pulse jet cruise missile manufactured by Fieseler.
Not really true. The Germans did actually target port areas for strategic reasons as well as just aiming at large cities (London)
@@aleksazunjic9672 this is not true either. Both programs began before the war even started, so there was nothing to revenge. Antwerp was plastered with V2s for strategic reasons because it was a vital port. Southampton was targeted by V1s for the same reasons.
You are falling for Hitlers propaganda to some degree
Sorry i know this is in the " future " On the 9th of July '44 swedish Flying officer Fredrik Håkansson age 23 shot down two V - 1 rockets and when going for a third later that day had to bail out over the sea out of Dungeness said over the radio " The rocket is exploding - gonna jump "
this is the last anyone heard him say.
From Swedes at war 1914 -1945
By Lars Gyllenhaal and Lennart Westberg
(2004)
Where's this week's main episode
I love your channel keep up the great stuff!!
Thank you for watching, we will!
@@WorldWarTwo no worries mate 👍 Can you do a special episode about the July Plot (Operation Valkyrie)? Of course it'll have to wait till 1944 but it's an interesting subject
Please do a special episode on what happened to all of these German displaced people (Indy and Astrid don't have to do them all!), who must be approaching a million and present a major drain on industry and government spending.
One thing that we already know is that much of the clothing given to the displaced by the German version of the Red Cross had owned by Holocaust victims and other "undesirables" prior to their execution.
Isaac Every episode is a great investment of research, time, and money. We do our best to cover the action of this war every single week and to bring you special episodes regularly, but we can't do it without your support! Join the TimeGhost Army today and help us make more of those specials! www.patreon.com/join/timeghosthistory
Regarding rockets, Tom Lehrer says it quite well, "You too may be a big hero, Once you've learned to count backwards to zero."In German oder English I know how to count down, Und I'm learning Chinese," says Wernher von Braun."
He was never a convinced Nazi.
But, yes. He was an Opportunist. A Genius. But an Opportunist.
@@karlk.579 was fine using slave labor until they died though...
@@KatrinaLeFaye He could not do anything to prevent this. All able men were on the front.
Rüstungsminister Albert Speer replaced them with Slave Workers from the East. Almost every german company used forced labour cause there were no able german Workers left in this destroyed country.
Another conspiracy theory about Sikorski's death was that it was a work of Czechs, since the only miraculous survivor of that plane crash was the Czech pilot.
I will always chuckle to myself over the irony of the American space program
I'm wondering--the number of people who lose their homes in the bombing attacks on the Ruhr is typically an order of magnitude above the number killed or wounded. Is this bombs hitting the homes while the population is is bomb shelters? Is it post-bombing fires spreading in residential areas? Could you elaborate a little more on what that number means exactly and where it comes from?
Shelters, and cellars.
@@spartacus-olsson Thanks! Is there a specific criteria for what counts as de-housed, or is that just a term the Germans used?
@@alexhussinger3550 that was the term that the British used. I use it with caution as it’s a rather callous euphemism for destroying people’s lives by making them homeless.
There are a number of studies exploring the German evacuation programs, including the KLV. For starters check out
Julia S. Torrie - 'For Their Own Good'' Civilian Evacuations in Germany and France, 1939-1945 - Berghahn Books (2010)
I heard somewhere that the production of the V2 killed more people the its deployment.
Undoubtedly
Yeah, torture doesn't work on people that hate you. It only works on innocents who well try to tell you anything you want to hear.
Well, V-1 doesn't really develop from the A-4. There's a whole parallel development story.
Yes sorry about that. Sloppy writing that I failed to correct.
interesting that famine in India placed alongside the holocaust - a human tragedy but not a genocide
Never forget
I love that pen!
Tomasina Good eye!
Did I miss it or was there no weekly episode this week?
It starts in 12 minutes, enjoy!
@@WorldWarTwo Oooh ok great
Belgium 1914. Best video since thank you.
Thank you for watching through all these years of war. Stay tuned for more
Ah. Wehrner von Braun!
Are there rockets of any other kind? I mean we're not at the apollo program yet.
Rockets have been around hundreds of years. The V2 was a ballistic missile. It had internal guidance.
Where's Indy? Sorry, but I always enjoy these more when they are hosted by Indy.
@Eric Olson All of our series have different hosts, Indy does the WW2 series, Spartacus presents this War Against Humanity series, Astrid does Spies And Ties and Anna covers On The Homefront
As always 👍👍
It might just be me, but Spartacus really seems to trail off in volume for the last two or three words of most sentences, making it difficult to hear. I appreciate the content, his tone, and candor, but I did want to offer some constructive feedback.
When you may give your life so that others live, it is not a life in vain.
Such a powerful ending.
Thank you for watching, Beachie
I just had an ad for the AFD (German right leaning Party) before this video, take that as you want. I am a cynicist so I laughed...
Maybe it's the whiskey talking, maybe it's the onset of old age. Why do the deaths of two men I never knew, who perished 20 years before I was even born, tear at my heart right now?
Is it the fear that their deaths seem to mean nothing to these people, today's people, who seem so willing to throw away the freedoms that they died for?
When I see what it going on in the world today I can't help but think that we are on the verge of repeating history. And who will fight and die for freedom this time around? These children who know nothing but video games and easy living?
There is nothing wrong with mourning for someone far removed from ourselves. We must remember kindness, clemency, and understanding if we're ever to avoid repeating this awful past.
@@WorldWarTwo I'm afraid we might already be on the path to repeating some of this nonsense
I will have to look at the frivolous "like" thumbs up as instead,
I approve this content...the facebookification of history.
never forget, never again
Kid Mohair Thank you for watching, and we appreciate the Likes however silly the interface is. It helps us get our show to a wider audience. Stay tuned
@@WorldWarTwo I have and will, rest assured
Never forget.
你是个帅大叔啊！
You say that the A4 becomes the V1 and later the V2. I didn't think there was anything mechanically similar between the two: one is a liquid fuel rocket, the other a pulsejet cruise missile.
My understanding was that the A4 became the V2, and the V1 was only related in that it's an explosive delivery mechanism given the same naming sequence.
1943 Werner Von Braun meets with Hitler and show's him their new missile's. 1963 Werner meets with JFK and shows him their new missile's. Am I missing something?
@@bobtaylor170
Brilliant!
@@bobtaylor170
Tolerance can bring peace of mind.
@@douglasturner6153 , I deleted, Douglas. It was a somewhat mean joke, and I am sorry.
@@bobtaylor170
No problem. I'm a little obsessive about my own grammar and recheck it. So I understand. I had a little feeling that was the wrong use. But then the comments section is full of run on sentences and bad grammar usage.
@@douglasturner6153 , I have made boneheaded mistakes in usage which made me wonder later if I'd had a small stroke. Happens to us all.
How often does the pilot be the only survivor?
I’d say very, very rarely - in this case probably because they crashed in water and didn’t go down nose first. The plane stalled, tumbled, and hit the water belly down with the tail slanting downwards. The type of stall supports the loose cargo theory.
Great
Excellent! ❤️
❤️
The British still don't want do declassify the documents on Sikorski's death. Coincidence? ... I don't think so ;)
Fell a bit behind on this sub-series due to various other things taking time, so I went and watched two in a row....... that did not lessen the impact at all. I think I'll go watch something more light hearted for a bit, rather then watching the last I was still behind on right away.
Thank you for the eloquence to bring it so much more alive though, it would clearly not be the same with out that.
Is it really possible to withstand the most savage, vicious and brutal torture, not revealing anything? I don't think so....especially if the germans knew or suspected he was the head of the resistance movement....
It's been known since antiquity, and proven countless times in the modern age: torture is effective in one thing: getting people to talk, not in getting accurate information. It is only a means of getting whatever answer the torturer wants, regardless of its truth or validity.
@@WorldWarTwothanks for replying and I'm aware of it, but isn't that pretty easy to check???
And how many times can the victim screw them over?
If it doesn't ad up, next time it all will be yet more horrible.....I guess....???
@@conceptalfa Jean Moulin actually stayed silent - it's well documented by the Gestapo, was confirmed by Klaus Barbie and others, and has been used as evidence in courts of law where it withstood cross-examination. In fact he refused to even reveal his name (which his tormentors eventually knew anyway of course). How he did it, I have no idea, but he did. The others who were captured with him used another method. They spoke, but they just made stuff up. They kept the fabrications close to reality, but changed essential details like names, dates, and places. They had trained this method before being captured, as it was essential to stay consistent, and repeat the same information, even when barely conscious from the beatings. And easy to check it is not - the questions were about future operations, people that the Gestapo didn't know the identity of, dead drop locations that might never be used again, and so on. Torture is a really inefficient interrogation method, for these reasons and what you mentioned - people will say anything to make it stop.
@@spartacus-olsson thanks, quiet increadible, I would probably s...t my pans if only such a Gestapo sadist glazed at me, brrrr....increadible people....!!!
What languages does Spartacus speak? He's got a way with words.
Several
@@WorldWarTwo English, of course. My guesses? French, Dutch, German... Maybe Polish, his pronunciation seems confident. Understands a few more than he speaks too, I would guess.