I don't think humans ever thought that the tragedy of the commons would apply to the vast oceans of the world. But it does. We're experiencing that now.
that's correct. capitalism allows overfishing instead of management of resources. corporations take too much out of the ocean before the "livestock" can restock itself. look up the australian ruffy (roughy?)
I hope your not making a case for privatization of land and natural resources. Private ownership of resources is much more prone to this problem. Corporations are largely unaccountable for their environmental destruction and can hijack governments to remove any such protections. What needs to be done is to make private corporations public, non-for-profit entities with charters to operate in the public good. Public ownership of all resources with adequate regulatory government over site.
The Tragedy of the Commons is a manifestation of the belief that simple models can explain human behavior. My view is that history is not that simple. Many thinkers form a worldview based on reactions to excesses in behavior their time. Ayn Rand, Friedrich Hayek and John Maynard Keynes are good examples. One's worldview these days should look also at the studies of Amos Tverksy, Alfred Kahneman, and their research into prospect theory.
Based on arcane notions. The Commons is only tragic when examined through the free market of resource valuations, and assuming that commons holders do not communicate effectively.
+Eric Christopher Adams It's also imperialist. It implies that "primitive" hunter gatherer societies (who often own land in common) should be "civilized" so that they don't make the mistake of abusing their resources.
Great example but hardly managed as a Commons. The quota system for fisheries management in the northern Pacific is fundamentally flawed, starting with the corrupted framework under which fisheries are managed. The Commerce Department imposes management under the confines of economic policy rather than resource stewardship.
It's also false to assume that regulation would prevent it, even though it still applies, it just has the regulation, but since it's open to the public, criminals can do what they want with, other actors who might be the ones claiming to own it (the Government) might not have the best interests at hand in it, but mainly the criminal factor is what makes it a tragedy because it's open to these types of people because no one has the incentive to protect it if it's not directly hurting your finances or your home area
I feel that when I'm at the grocery store and I'm buying organic stuff and foods with as little packaging as possible so I won't ruin the environment and see a family with 6 kids with a shopping cart full of junk food in plastic containers and I think "why do i bother??'
@SonOfTanit Yes, sorry. The Tragedy of the Commons is not guaranteed to happen, all it takes to avoid it is a means to monitor those who use the commons, and a will to punish those who consume more than their fair share. Permits (along with government) are one such system that can prevent the Tragedy from occurring. Thus, public resources will be abused unless extra work is put in to prevent the abuse. How was that? I can clarify further if I'm still too vague. :)
depletion is at some point profitable for Al and Carol, they will be able to rais their prices. So it is morel standards we need, responsibility over profit
This is not a good solution because make it private will just increase the capability to create same errors. *We could control this by meanings of education and trust, that would be ideal. Were they would, not want to gain more, but to offer the best they can, with love. & I have some thoughts that even with a government intervention, assuming that the persons involved in that would trust on it, could happens a tragedy of commons inside the government. *We could put a third, to take care of the big lake, and the gains would serve to make the life better for the three ones ? That would be weird, because the third one would look quite like an employee. We have to make the right question. We're not looking for money, we're looking for permissions, there have to be love on , thinking like, we two are trying to empower our companies, or we're empowering our society. It's the society the father of the companies, who feeds it's employees. They are treating with the Mother Nature, then it have to be like they're looking after their sons.
he can't because he doesn't own it. Only thing he can do is voluntarily and good-willingly stop fishing. That wouldn't stop others to come and over-fish the non-owned pond. He would only be seen as 'a fool'.
Dragonhammer Soulbreath I think you mean it the pond was owned privately instead. and yes, that is a great solution to the tragedy of the commons. the American Buffalo was saved through privatization and animals in Africa are being saved from poachers in this way.
@StatelessLiberty certainly, you can hire other people to regulate the one in charge of the common. with no interest in the 'profit' of missuses of the common, just the interest of keeping their job. Who's the private owner that will hire someone to tell him to take less profit ?
@moestietabarnak Free marketer would say that the market just corrected itself. A sad consolation to the worker that lost their jobs. And the CEO doesn't care in his private island.
@LechuCzechu But without the government involved in things like this, you wouldn't need any "strong and fair government" with "good regulations" to deal with public property, because public property wouldn't exist. Tragedy of the Commons is the problem with property in a socialistic society, and the only way to fix it is to introduce private elements (leasing, permits, etc.). Even then, the best way to solve the Tragedy of the Commons is to simply have private property rights.
I can't believe this myth is still being perpetuated. Everyone should read "Governing the Commons," which debunks this myth with tons of empirical evidence and won the Nobel Prize in Economics. ;) It's not just a dichotomy between privatizing it or having an external authority manage it. It has to do with creating place-based rules with self-enforcement, which is achieved by the participants designing the rules and monitoring the resource themselves. Elinor Ostrom. Check her out!
Ostrom's work only empirically reveals cases where the tragedy can be averted through careful organization and collaboration of the CPR. It doesn't turn the tragedy into a myth. Rather, it reveals a possible solution that might work in certain contexts.
@SonOfTanit The Tragedy of the Commons is not inherently capitalist or socialist. It assumes that everyone has free reign over an area. In a capitalist society, the area is divvied up so that parts are privately owned. In a Socialist society, the use of the area is regulated by the government. The man who came up with this even said that he didn't know if capitalism or socialism was the better way to deal with this. The concept assumes an unregulated resource, not one under any system.
Karl Marx said "From each according to his ability. To each according to his need." The problem is that those with ability are not rewarded accordingly, thus creating a disincentive to produce. This was the flaw with Communism leading to its demise. Under Capitalism, common property is supported through taxation in the form of progressive taxes, flat taxes or regressive taxes. That is the Tragedy of the Commons for Capitalism.
Dr.Mantis Tobbogan deforestation. when Land ownership is discouraged, people have no incentive to limit harvest, wait until a 🌲 is mature or plant more after. go on Google maps and look at the border between Haiti and the Dominican republic. you can see this tragedy of deforestation from space...
@moestietabarnak No, my solution would be to have property in as many hands as possibly, not in the hand of one supposedly omniscient, monolithic government And if the theory is true, that all property would be owned by a few rich elites, why isn't it like that now? I own property and I am hardly considered rich, and neither is my next door neighbor The rich people you need to worry about are the ones who use the arm of the government, not the ones who make their money though voluntary trade.
@EliteKiller07 "And if the theory is true, that all property would be owned by a few rich elites, why isn't it like that now?" Geez, have you ever studied history ? It did happen, war were fought over this, the commoner revolted, etc.. With the current capitalism, looking for next quarter profit, you cannot trust the private owner to manage the common for the prosperity. see the CEO that bankrupt company as long as they get their bonus and get out before it's too late.
"Rational people are going to over fish the pond' Rational = based on or in accordance with reason or logic. Logic dictates that if the pond is over fished there will be none left the potential for profit will dry up, the rational individual will seek a market equilibrium of sustainability vs, production. I have to disagree with Khan Academy with this double speak, no a rational person will not fish a pond to extension, an irrational person will.
TheTruther.us logic dictates that overfishing will deplete the pond. logic also dictates that, in a commons, it will be overfished. it is rational and logical to see this and to see that one can gain benefit now or never and choose now. those who overfish receive more value than those who do not, when overfishing is extremely probable. rational doesn't mean good. there is not always one logical analysis.
I agree that this is the "best" choice for now but, would be nice to mix this with the idea of not consuming animals and instead, use those lands to more grain production or giving it, simple, different uses. I don't agree with this if its a permanent solution, (as it seems) If this does not mix with education, we will be always people that take advantage of a land without being aware of the consequences, and will always be controlled by corporations or the government. Good video anyway, thanks.
@moestietabarnak "Geez, have you ever studied history " Give me an example of a society where all property was owned by a few rich people without the helping hand of government. "the CEO that bankrupt company as long as they get their bonus and get out before it's too late." The ONLY way a business man can make money is to provide a good or service that someone else wants to buy. If they can't, they will go bankrupt or lose money. You have a very naive view of what the free-market is.
@SonOfTanit Yeah, a much better, unbureaucratic and "american" ("freedom") solution would be to let the industry extinguish any edible fish (and non-edible as fish food for aqua cultures) in any ocean they can reach,... Much less bureaucratic... freedom... yay... Fact is, even with the permits the fishing industry overfishes most species.
@moestietabarnak Problem: Gov't ownership of resources leads to tragedy of the commons. Your proposed solution: The gov't should regulate itself. Dumb.
I don't think humans ever thought that the tragedy of the commons would apply to the vast oceans of the world. But it does. We're experiencing that now.
that's correct. capitalism allows overfishing instead of management of resources. corporations take too much out of the ocean before the "livestock" can restock itself. look up the australian ruffy (roughy?)
Pond C Scheme?
haha!
Thanks for being my substitute teacher for my Lazy Professor in my University
as our Professor linked this video to us students in Online Class
I hope your not making a case for privatization of land and natural resources. Private ownership of resources is much more prone to this problem. Corporations are largely unaccountable for their environmental destruction and can hijack governments to remove any such protections. What needs to be done is to make private corporations public, non-for-profit entities with charters to operate in the public good. Public ownership of all resources with adequate regulatory government over site.
Can you give explanation on public goods and common resources ?
Thanks, i understood this as soon as you got to the point.
love this video , My change the world class rules .
thank you.
Nice video but how abt in a situation whr the solution of making it a private property does not work.
Khan Academy is the best
Watching for Econ 2302 class and professor rambles and uses old recorded lectures. Thank you.
The Tragedy of the Commons is a manifestation of the belief that simple models can explain human behavior. My view is that history is not that simple. Many thinkers form a worldview based on reactions to excesses in behavior their time. Ayn Rand, Friedrich Hayek and John Maynard Keynes are good examples.
One's worldview these days should look also at the studies of Amos Tverksy, Alfred Kahneman, and their research into prospect theory.
Based on arcane notions. The Commons is only tragic when examined through the free market of resource valuations, and assuming that commons holders do not communicate effectively.
+Eric Christopher Adams It's also imperialist. It implies that "primitive" hunter gatherer societies (who often own land in common) should be "civilized" so that they don't make the mistake of abusing their resources.
+Eric Christopher Adams
Three words: Pacific fishery collapse
Great example but hardly managed as a Commons. The quota system for fisheries management in the northern Pacific is fundamentally flawed, starting with the corrupted framework under which fisheries are managed. The Commerce Department imposes management under the confines of economic policy rather than resource stewardship.
+Eric Christopher Adams one setence "hardin didn't got empirical material to proof his thought"
The tragedy of the commons also applies to our Corporate/capitalist system with fishery's depleting fish populations in the open ocean
Lol, no, it's more like publicly owned areas you absolute brainwashed soundin zombie
It's also false to assume that regulation would prevent it, even though it still applies, it just has the regulation, but since it's open to the public, criminals can do what they want with, other actors who might be the ones claiming to own it (the Government) might not have the best interests at hand in it, but mainly the criminal factor is what makes it a tragedy because it's open to these types of people because no one has the incentive to protect it if it's not directly hurting your finances or your home area
Your videos are the best. Short, to the point, and simple. :D
I feel that when I'm at the grocery store and I'm buying organic stuff and foods with as little packaging as possible so I won't ruin the environment and see a family with 6 kids with a shopping cart full of junk food in plastic containers and I think "why do i bother??'
This only applies to publicly owned lands as they're generally commonly owned and no one has incentive to take care of the land.
i like this guys voice
so this is why minecraft server public storage chests are always empty
carol is a fishess :)
@SonOfTanit Yes, sorry. The Tragedy of the Commons is not guaranteed to happen, all it takes to avoid it is a means to monitor those who use the commons, and a will to punish those who consume more than their fair share. Permits (along with government) are one such system that can prevent the Tragedy from occurring. Thus, public resources will be abused unless extra work is put in to prevent the abuse.
How was that? I can clarify further if I'm still too vague. :)
Hi, I know it's been long, but can you explain and give another solution?
The solution to the public pond is to have someone put up a sign beware Poisonous Fish,
depletion is at some point profitable for Al and Carol, they will be able to rais their prices. So it is morel standards we need, responsibility over profit
Can any one suggest me a book for this topics(Tragedy of commons)
omg this helped me out alot thank you so much !!
If Al and Carol were some Banks, they would overfish their own ponds and the cost will still be paid by the public...
This is not a good solution because make it private will just increase the capability to create same errors.
*We could control this by meanings of education and trust, that would be ideal. Were they would, not want to gain more, but to offer the best they can, with love.
& I have some thoughts that even with a government intervention, assuming that the persons involved in that would trust on it, could happens a tragedy of commons inside the government.
*We could put a third, to take care of the big lake, and the gains would serve to make the life better for the three ones ? That would be weird, because the third one would look quite like an employee.
We have to make the right question.
We're not looking for money, we're looking for permissions, there have to be love on , thinking like, we two are trying to empower our companies, or we're empowering our society. It's the society the father of the companies, who feeds it's employees. They are treating with the Mother Nature, then it have to be like they're looking after their sons.
this really helped. thankyou :D
Cant a private owner also temporarily close the pond to restock it/ let the fish breed?
he can't because he doesn't own it. Only thing he can do is voluntarily and good-willingly stop fishing. That wouldn't stop others to come and over-fish the non-owned pond. He would only be seen as 'a fool'.
Dragonhammer Soulbreath I think you mean it the pond was owned privately instead. and yes, that is a great solution to the tragedy of the commons. the American Buffalo was saved through privatization and animals in Africa are being saved from poachers in this way.
This theory of hardin must be banded because it isn't not based on empirical material.
@StatelessLiberty certainly, you can hire other people to regulate the one in charge of the common. with no interest in the 'profit' of missuses of the common, just the interest of keeping their job.
Who's the private owner that will hire someone to tell him to take less profit ?
Yeah. There's no reason for govt to hold that land
Is there a video about import tariffs and quotas?
great video!
I was thinking about the enviornment and the CO2 quotas.
Too bad they're worth about as much as the paper they're printed on.
@moestietabarnak Free marketer would say that the market just corrected itself. A sad consolation to the worker that lost their jobs. And the CEO doesn't care in his private island.
@LechuCzechu
But without the government involved in things like this, you wouldn't need any "strong and fair government" with "good regulations" to deal with public property, because public property wouldn't exist.
Tragedy of the Commons is the problem with property in a socialistic society, and the only way to fix it is to introduce private elements (leasing, permits, etc.). Even then, the best way to solve the Tragedy of the Commons is to simply have private property rights.
I can't believe this myth is still being perpetuated. Everyone should read "Governing the Commons," which debunks this myth with tons of empirical evidence and won the Nobel Prize in Economics. ;)
It's not just a dichotomy between privatizing it or having an external authority manage it.
It has to do with creating place-based rules with self-enforcement, which is achieved by the participants designing the rules and monitoring the resource themselves. Elinor Ostrom. Check her out!
Ostrom's work only empirically reveals cases where the tragedy can be averted through careful organization and collaboration of the CPR. It doesn't turn the tragedy into a myth. Rather, it reveals a possible solution that might work in certain contexts.
@SonOfTanit The Tragedy of the Commons is not inherently capitalist or socialist. It assumes that everyone has free reign over an area.
In a capitalist society, the area is divvied up so that parts are privately owned.
In a Socialist society, the use of the area is regulated by the government.
The man who came up with this even said that he didn't know if capitalism or socialism was the better way to deal with this. The concept assumes an unregulated resource, not one under any system.
Sounds like something someone would use as propaganda for capitalism. Privately owned is good, commonly owned is bad.
Karl Marx said "From each according to his ability. To each according to his need." The problem is that those with ability are not rewarded accordingly, thus creating a disincentive to produce. This was the flaw with Communism leading to its demise.
Under Capitalism, common property is supported through taxation in the form of progressive taxes, flat taxes or regressive taxes. That is the Tragedy of the Commons for Capitalism.
pond B has a hole in it. all the water would leak out. stopped watching
Could this apply to Global warming? Would really appreciate some examples or feedback. Thanks :)
Dr.Mantis Tobbogan deforestation. when Land ownership is discouraged, people have no incentive to limit harvest, wait until a 🌲 is mature or plant more after. go on Google maps and look at the border between Haiti and the Dominican republic. you can see this tragedy of deforestation from space...
@moestietabarnak
No, my solution would be to have property in as many hands as possibly, not in the hand of one supposedly omniscient, monolithic government
And if the theory is true, that all property would be owned by a few rich elites, why isn't it like that now? I own property and I am hardly considered rich, and neither is my next door neighbor
The rich people you need to worry about are the ones who use the arm of the government, not the ones who make their money though voluntary trade.
How public resources will be abused unless extra systems are added.
FTFY
@EliteKiller07 tell that to Enron investor.
@EliteKiller07 "And if the theory is true, that all property would be owned by a few rich elites, why isn't it like that now?" Geez, have you ever studied history ?
It did happen, war were fought over this, the commoner revolted, etc..
With the current capitalism, looking for next quarter profit, you cannot trust the private owner to manage the common for the prosperity. see the CEO that bankrupt company as long as they get their bonus and get out before it's too late.
poor commons, never has a chance....
"Rational people are going to over fish the pond' Rational = based on or in accordance with reason or logic. Logic dictates that if the pond is over fished there will be none left the potential for profit will dry up, the rational individual will seek a market equilibrium of sustainability vs, production. I have to disagree with Khan Academy with this double speak, no a rational person will not fish a pond to extension, an irrational person will.
TheTruther.us logic dictates that overfishing will deplete the pond. logic also dictates that, in a commons, it will be overfished. it is rational and logical to see this and to see that one can gain benefit now or never and choose now. those who overfish receive more value than those who do not, when overfishing is extremely probable. rational doesn't mean good. there is not always one logical analysis.
I agree that this is the "best" choice for now but, would be nice to mix this with the idea of not consuming animals and instead, use those lands to more grain production or giving it, simple, different uses.
I don't agree with this if its a permanent solution, (as it seems) If this does not mix with education, we will be always people that take advantage of a land without being aware of the consequences, and will always be controlled by corporations or the government.
Good video anyway, thanks.
@SonOfTanit thus the need for regulation
@moestietabarnak
"Geez, have you ever studied history "
Give me an example of a society where all property was owned by a few rich people without the helping hand of government.
"the CEO that bankrupt company as long as they get their bonus and get out before it's too late."
The ONLY way a business man can make money is to provide a good or service that someone else wants to buy. If they can't, they will go bankrupt or lose money. You have a very naive view of what the free-market is.
I thought it said the tragedy of condoms
@SonOfTanit Yeah, a much better, unbureaucratic and "american" ("freedom") solution would be to let the industry extinguish any edible fish (and non-edible as fish food for aqua cultures) in any ocean they can reach,... Much less bureaucratic... freedom... yay...
Fact is, even with the permits the fishing industry overfishes most species.
poggies
Yup, this is why libertarian logic fails....unless we somehow privatize the air we breathe.
@moestietabarnak
Problem: Gov't ownership of resources leads to tragedy of the commons.
Your proposed solution: The gov't should regulate itself.
Dumb.
Pretty much explains open borders; people flood in and we all suffer