The Domesday Mill (Dotton, Devon) | Series 14 Episode 9 | Time Team
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- Опубликовано: 28 авг 2021
- After you watch this episode, check out the official commentary video on the Time Team Official RUclips Channel! • Time Team Commentary: ...
Tony and the team travel to the banks of the River Otter in Devon to dig a `Time Team' first: a watermill. It's a small site but the challenge facing the team is huge: they have over 900 years of history to investigate. `The Domesday Book' of 1086 records a mill at Dotton, while the last mill on this site was pulled down as recently as the 1960s. It's down to the diggers to work out what happened here between those dates.
Series 14, Episode 9
Time Team is a British TV series following specialists who dig deep to uncover as much as they can about Britain's archaeology and history.
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I just love Phil's enthusiasm! I always look forward to watching Time Team for whatever mischief he can get into.
Stewart is so clever….I am always impressed by his reading of the landscape….
And you never know if he'll show up in period attire 😅
I wish he had his own show where he walked through different landscapes explaining what to look for, and how to read them. As a kid he always amazed, and watching them back now, he still does.
Small businesses built all of our countries. Everything we have today was built on the backs of our ancestors.
This reminds me of how things were even back in the 1970's. Every neighborhood in my city had an electronics repair shop, an automotive repair shop, a tailor, a cobbler, a baker, and etc. In those ways, everything was more far sustainable.
And all the stores were locally owned, not big chains who have long ago driven the locals out of business.
You said it perfectly hello from CANADA. 🇨🇦
I’m 58. When I was little, just about everybody, regardless of your actual job, knew how to make or repair something. You knit, you crocheted, you quilted, you sewed, you worked on cars, you could add a porch on your house, replace a window, work on a furnace or help a neighbor with a plumbing problem. I can spin, weave, quilt, knit and crochet. My dad taught me how to change a tire and do simple car maintenance. Now days, not so many people have the skills to pass on, and nobody seems to want to learn.
Nicely Stated!
@@bwktlcn you are absolutely right -
I love this episode. We got not one, but two "stone the crows" from Phil in this show. Well done Phil!
Phil is so wonderfully unpretentious.
@@anncoffey8375 He is a man who is so wonderfully honest about the fact he's spent his life doing what he loves.
@@Blisterdude123 Yes. I like the way he's so happy in his own skin. He is proof positive of what can be achieved without a degree through the love of something, hands-on experience and a very inquiring mind. I introduced my two grandchildren to Time Team when they were aged 5 & 7 and they both instantly fell in love with Phil. Kids just seem to gravitate towards good people.
I’m always impressed by the skill of the front end loader operators at these sites.
What about the lawnmower ?
As a gardener and landscaper, I’d like to consider myself a professional ditch digger, and I’m always impressed by their clean turf cutting skills and deep trenches. Especially anyplace they excavate that’s wooded. Chopping through centuries of gnarled English hardwood tree roots and underbrush has got to labor intensive.
@@johansmallberries9874 need a good tractor like a ferrari
They are very easy to operate. Quite fun to play around with.
I love all TT Episodes - but this one was especially fun. Who doesn't love a Mill?
This episode was particularly interesting for me. My ancestors owned a water powered flour mill in Westhofen, Germany from 1654 to 1746 when my 5th Great Grandfather Wilhelm Gorkum sold it and came to Nova Scotia in 1752 (later a province of Canada). That building still exists although no longer a mill.
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☣ ☠ ☣🌈⛲️☀️🕶👣🏄♂️🌌
@@user-lj5xn4ro2g ???? No idea what this is or how it would be relevant to my comment.
here’s a comment that hopefully IS relevant;
really cool story! great research, how fantastic to know so much about one’s ancestors
Fascinating! Thank you for this 🙂
I used to walk by an old mill-race. Out of use, the mill was missing but the big millstone was by the side of the dirt track about 90 feet higher up.
Obviously all had been dismantled.
Some things occur to me about this episode.
It should be pointed out the difference between grinding grain and milling. When you grind you have two stones in contact with grain being passed between the stones. This leads to pulverized stone being mixed into the product (meal or flour). This is important in examining dental wear as people who eat stone ground foods had increased wear of the tooth enamel. Willing, on the other hand uses stones which are precisely shaped and the stones never touch. A very fine adjustment of the clearance between the stones allows them to pulverize the grain with very little stone wear and little stone getting into the product.
The bottom of the wheel pit would have had erosion from the water flowing through it and would have had regular repair work done over it's life.
Floods would have likely have over-topped the regulator gate at some times in the life of the mill and the uncontrolled flow would have damaged the mill wheel and pit and that would have required major repairs from time to time.
18th and 19th century construction habits often used heavy oak timbers as the foundation for stone and masonry construction and those timbers buried deep under ground can survive for a surprisingly long time. I've seen 150 year old stone culverts built on 2 inch by 8 inch oak planks where the planks show in the bottom of the culvert under the water and they appear very solid.
French mill stones are considered the best and they developed a large industry and shipped them almost everywhere during the 19th century shipping them cheaply as ships ballast to their destination.
The Phil and John banter at the start had me in stitches.
Phil "let's get digging"
John " no, we've got to geophys this first"
Something about finding the kitchen floor got me this time, that was someone's home, or at least close to being it, within LIVING memory. All under buried the ground and you wouldn't know it was there. The pictures of the mill owner and local people talking about him over them was just lovely.
There was an episode where they found 2000 year old hair in a grave. That one got to me
I also thought that was nice, but they then promptly dug it up to try to find something older underneath which they didn't. I doubt it'd be put back...
@@richardevans8979 well they have to put all the dirt back and if they'd not cared about the tiles why bother trying to lift the tiles individually instead of digging them out in a big mass with the digger? They mention on many occasions putting things, that don't need to be taken to be studied, back as they were found for future archeologists.
@@richardevans8979 Archaeological excavation is destruction which is why accurate recording of what you find is so important. If they hadn't looked for something older under the floor then that question would have gone unanswered.
Me too! I loved it and want to re-purpose that flooring. I think it would be lovely to use in a current home.
Ooof!! The layer-cake that is England, fabulous stuff. Many thanks.
I love this, my family through the ages where the millers of dotton mill. So quite emotional watching
Phil always impresses in his Daisy Duke’s. 😁
He certainly gives George Michael a run for his money!
Bridget got nothing on him this man is a thing of beauty.
Omg!! 😂 Funny enough, more than the daisy dukes, l love Phil cuz he's funny AND smart. The perfect guy to an old girl like me, lol!😉👍
Happy weekend!!🐾🌈🇨🇦☘️⚜️
He really does have a nice pair of legs.
I prefere Helen in her red shorts 🤗
By the way, regarding that metal wheel with wooden cogs: In Guédelon they reconstructed a wooden mill and they experienced a LOT of abrasion in the cogs at the beginning, but it turns out this stops once the cogs have... basically found a shape that has minimal forces. In a way, you let abrasion shape precision cogs instead of making them to the necessary precision yourself.
Breaking them in. Running in. We still do this with machinery to this very day. We machine them a lot tighter in tolerance these days but the final fitting is done by the machine in its first hours of service.
This is the reason you run any new engine/gearbox in and replace the lubricants at tighter intervals at first, to let things mate properly and then get rid of all the tiny metal pieces that wear off. 😁
Fascinating little thread. I've watched some of the Guédelon videos as well what a brilliant project.
Im someone with lots of skills but no engineering brain at all. I puzzle how a hand loom works, never mind anything more complicated.
They had the same issues with manually operated drawbridge mechanisms until they had a bit of seasoning
What comes across strongly from viewing ‘Time Team’ over many years is the general good natured repartee that exists in interaction between the team’s members. Clearly they have their disagreements as their passion boils over from time to time, but overall they clearly have respect for each other’s contributions. The area most likely to cause disagreement appears to be that of geophysics and technical aides as opposed to that of the ‘trowel and spade’ technology. The like of Stewart and Phil who constantly disagree on the value of their expertise. ‘Off camera’ I suspect they voice their differences, but ‘On camera’ it’s good natured banter. Overall they appear to get on well.
You're so right, it's the playful banter & the great working relationships that makes me prefer Time Team to many others, and has done for MANY a year!👍🌈🇨🇦☘️⚜️
such a great find, and such a shame that in the 1960's people though it was of no use anymore so tear it all down:-(. All that history, almost disappeared until Time Team came along, and found it again.
Indeed! back then it was viewed as just an old derelict building and an eyesore. these days it would be bought by a developer for a song, renovated/remodeled with all mod cons, and sold to a rich American for a couple millions. the locals would still think it an eyesore though.🙄
Best episode ever. I live in a 420 year old mill in Wales with a stone lined leet in the garden. Sadly all of the machinery was removed around 100 years ago.
The wheel pit Is in my walled courtyard!
How exciting!☺️
Just a note to say that I really appreciate your TT videos as they have helped me through my personal vulnerability lock down which has now lasted 2 years. I have learned a lot of technical stuff as well as admiration for all the skills evident in your team! Thank you so much. Fiona
Phil, Your determination took me right back to my favorite era, the medieval period. I thank you and the whole Time Team for illustrating how this area was perfect for a mill or should I say mills that cover 1000 years and is even listed in the Domesday Book. 🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟
The 60s truly were a bizarre and dark time for British heritage. So many wonderful buildings, that later would have been given protected/listed status, were demolished and flimsy and often ugly buildings erected in their stead. That mill would never have been demolished if it had hung around another decade or so. That said, Britain’s covered in old mill buildings, with leets and mill ponds, so they’re not exactly rare.
it appears in the 60's with the likes of Sir John Betjeman/ St Pancras, that there was the start of the presevation of such buildings. I think after the war there was a rush to lets just knock it down, and maybe a disregard due to the damage during the war , and build horrid utilitarian buildings, but that in itself grew the call to preseve what was left.
I'm always amazed at the knowledge and skill of the team and their ability to piece together bits of data to paint a picture of a site, in this case, a picture that spans over one thousand years. Bravo!
I really just like the self-existant joie de vivre of Stuart.
One of my favorites which is tricky because they were all so superbly done 👍
What a fantastic investigation by the whole team...... Brilliant. The one gripe..... Not about the Time Team - but who ever saw fit to pull the mill down !
There was not the market then for such property for conversion and they were often simply pulled down to save paying the rates - the UK Property Tax at that time.
i just need the person closest to Tony Robinson right now to give him a big, strong hug - and tell him he is simply lovely.
In the Domesday book, a virgate, yardland, or yard of land was an English unit of land. Primarily a measure of tax assessment rather than area, the virgate was usually reckoned as ¹⁄₄ hide and notionally equal to 30 acres.
Thankyou for this very interesting information. I'm always looking up definitions of the terms that are used.
Gosh. Id call 30 acres a good sized piece.
Love this one though it greatly saddens me that the building was destroyed along with so much history!
Agee, it's sad so much history was lost when they tore down the mill 💔
Cant wait for this to be released, something to watch in the bath on a Sunday afternoon.
Sunday afternoon. 6pm Time Team used to be on when I was a child, like many people my age into history we call ourselves the 'time team generation'!
Time Team and Antiques Roadshow make sundays. Blast from the past (pun intended)
@@kierluke2018 now I watch both programs on youtube any time I want to!
The episodes where the team deals with stuff they're not familiar with are the best.
There was no mention but, was the domestic part of the building linked through a doorway to the mill proper? I would expect NOT. Many times I've seen where its stated that no naked flames can be within the flour mill as the dust can ignite. I'd assume then the miller would actually leave his 'home' and walk around to the mill part of the structure? This was a particularly interesting episode.
Time team what a great success, a good percentage of the programmes I have watched over the years great team and great banter with all the team some of the original team have left us but left some great memories what a great series hope to see more of time team with new members xx
One mill, iteration after iteration. Great history!
I find it an amazing act of vandalism, if the wheel pit was a safety hazard there was nothing to stop it simply being filled in. To demolish the whole mill, with the history that this place had, defies belief & matches the Victorian attitude toward old buildings that resulted in the loss of so many similar irreplaceable locations.
Great episode as usual guys and girls. Thank you for showing us this beautiful video.
The 1960's has got a lot to answer for
So much got destroyed in the name of "progress"
8:00 undershots might be the most inefficient when it comes to percentage of the energy converted, but it's the only one that you can use in flat lands with barely any level difference and when they are made without the underwater dam, they don't even disrupt the waterflow. It was even possible to make a small one directly on a creek or small river that would just always turn, and belts were used to spin up the cogs. Those are all things that you couldn't do with the other ones. I wouldn't try to run a sawmill on it, though... hehheh.
This show is so good. Thanks guys for some great entertainment.
One of the most interesting episodes I have had the pleasure of watching, thank you!
I'm watching from all the way down under with my eldest daughter Amber and we are from Mount Gambier in the State Of South Australian.🥇🇦🇺🦘⚜️👑⚜️🏴🇬🇧
I'm exhausted from all their digging. Wow. So enjoy all of these episodes. Our early families were so smart. Bless them.
It is sad that such a old site could not survive . A thousand years of different mills on the same site milling flour . That would translate into about 50 generations people receiving flour to make their daily bread from there . That would have touched peoples life more than a church , castle or abbey .
We don't need as many mills anymore, and we can't keep all of them around just to look at. A modern mill replaces hundreds if not thousands of smaller mills.
I'm from the area of Staffordshire where that pottery came from, so it was very nice it was found, representing a lost industry (and more besides) from its place of origin.
awesome. you dig the most interesting sites. I volunteered on a couple of sites and it was the most exciting thing I've done. I love history but finding it is so thrilling. thanks for all your work. I look for ward for the next episode.
This one is very interesting. So much history
Ack, Phil diving into the concrete with a pickaxe and no eye protection 😅 Amazing and most interesting episode!
As a point of interest, the wooden gear wheel cogs that were morticed into the cast gear would most likely have been made from hornbeam, a white hardwood that is in fact very hard indeed and perfect for such work.
+as with the waIking sticks?
@@arigatuxful Quite possibly. I have some in my workshop that I used for decoration on woodwinds in place of ivory. It turns beautifully.
I've read that apple tree wood was used and that mills often had an orchard. That way the miller got gear teeth, apples, cider and firewood.
Interesting. In the 70s I was in a windmill in the north of the Netherlands and all the gears were made of oak. Specifically oak from Poland as it was the hardest oak available. The sound inside the mill as the the sails turned was amazing, very deep low rhythmic noise that vibrated through your body. The wooden heart of the mill.
I’m lucky enough to live over the river in sidmouth.
Great presenter Tony his enthusiasm shines through great all round a national treasure
If a river is named otter, surely there are otters in the river, making them River Otter river otters.
This epersoid bring back history back to live from pages of history and the mist of time that we all on the jouney of life .
Any time you hear Phil say "Stone the crows!" [23:21] you know you have something really special...
As a long time Time Team watcher i have come to the conclusion that there are two very different Phil's, and i'm afraid we have not got the smiling, laughing, engaging and happy one in this episode................
What a wonderful episode. Well done you lot.
to the persons who give the thumbs down...your on the wrong channel. go away.
you're*
It doesn't really matter, youtube channels earn equally on likes and dislikes :)
@@Schmorgus RUclips*
@@larryzigler6812 No.
@@Schmorgus You poor little thing that cannot admit to a spelling error.
@@larryzigler6812 Depends on how you see spelling errors. I spelled it correctly. If you want to be specific about it, it's "RUclips". But not using capital Y on a name, isn't actually incorrect, because you still know the meaning of it. Writing "your" instead of "you're", on the other hand, is a major error.
Great upload thanks for the proffessionalism of all the of the tt works. Phil will dig anywhere his spade lands, Tony never gets dirty and niomi gets to work in sespits. while mick tries solve the puzzle and explains it all to Tony
Lots of comments talking about how corn wasn't in Britain not checking that the meaning of the word is what they assume. Corn is just a generic term for a grain. Just a quick google search would fix the misunderstanding.
"The sense of the Old English word was "grain with the seed still in" (as in barleycorn) rather than a particular plant. Locally understood to denote the leading crop of a district. It has been restricted to the indigenous "maize" in America (c. 1600, originally Indian corn, but the adjective was dropped), usually "wheat" in England, "oats" in Scotland and Ireland, while Korn means "rye" in parts of Germany."
We came for the dig...we stayed for the GEO PHYS!!!!!
Thanks for sharing.
Pub game: take a drink every time you hear the word " trench" 🤣😂
Thanks so much for posting.
''In a a pony and trap'''.. How far we have come in one generation or not
I found this all fascinating!
What a great episode. I know it was probably dangerously dilapidated, but it's sad that the last mill-house was demolished in the 1960s. When we saw the other, working, mill in Dotton, we saw the fascinating potential of a living museum.
Some of my ancestors owned water paper mills in the town of Heerde, Netherlands..., even until into the 19th century.
You gotta love Phil. Eager to get his hands dirty and to hell with the rules...
Tremendous trenches in this one, and so much to learn about mills!
Leat, that brings back memory of walking at Dartmoor ages ago.
My neighbour's house used to have a mill, the wheel pit still there, but the wheel and machinery now gone. The same stream that once drove his mill also drove a sawmill that lies on my property. The saw pit still resides in the stream, the circular saw blades are in my garden.
Well done Time Team , very entertaining programme
I love this show, it's so interesting
Love these reruns!
Every time someone says Geophys- I take a drink.
Geophys!
My favorite part was Stuart on the lawn tractor doing a free cutting for the landowner...
I have to ask this again. Why was it knocked down? It is interesting that everyone just takes it at face value that it was knocked down but no one shows any curiosity as to why such a valuable artifact was knocked down, seemingly for no reason at all. They would not need to excavate anything if the damn thing was left alone.
As the site has not been developed, presumably the building was derelict and considered uneconomical to repair. Sadly, in the post-war period Britain lost a lot of historic buildings and underground archaeological remains in the quest to modernise.
Tony's daily grind!
That's... that's literally where that phrase comes from.
Brilliant 👌
Good job that they tore down that old mill as it was in the way of....ABSOLUTELY NOTHING! Could have been a beautiful home had it survived. I guess it probably all but fell down on its own but it grieves me how short sighted we can be when it comes to preserving our history.
Well, y'know, it was the 1960s. The decade of concrete boxes.
I don't understand why they knocked it down, it appears the area was not reused and now adays that would have been restored either as a house our a working mill. I don't remember seeing this one before so well done.
The 60's was a bad period for preserving things like buildings, demolition was rife, no one seemed to care somuch about presevation ,ive seen it myself at the time, probably today that building may have been preserved, one good thing about today!
Thank you ❤
I have grown up in the true heartland of the US. Grains, potatoes, sugar beets, ect... Until we throw the big how do you do..our State (employee) run grain mill. This is something great to watch.
I guess there must have been a lock at the river Otter to regulate the waterflow. The choice for wooden cogs is also based on the wear and tear of the mill gears. If wooden cogs run together with iron cogs, the wooden ones will erode away after some years, but the iron ones will not. So the maintenance is an easy job. Replacing a cast iron gear is close to a nightmare and cannot be done by the miller himself. In Dutch mills, these wooden cogs are often made of boxwood imported from the Mediterranean and greased with beewax. I did not catch where this first piece of cast Iron frame served for which was discovered by Phil Harding.
Very, very cool!
A big shout out to Phil and Phil's doppelganger!
Thanks for the good show.
I love how they zoomed onto Baldwin in the domesday book.
Nice to see this . Mick was a great guy rip
A great video. Thank you. Cheers everyone! 🇬🇧😊👍🇺🇸
First aired 11th March 2007 UK
Brilliant
Matt seems to be the TT whipping boy who gets stuck with doing the nasty work every time it comes up...brave lad.
The bread looked good!
I miss this program
If only the mill had stood a few more decades. Today there would have been people grinding fancy grains in there and there would have been a bakery in the living quarters next door baking very expensive loaves of bread that everyone would have to buy. It would have all been very artsy.
This show always brings me back down to earth was a bit sad to see slaves in the book do 27:23
Slavery has been a part of human history since the beginning. It is well known that the Romans practised it but it was also common amongst the Vikings, and when the Europeans began buying slaves in Africa they were buying them from established merchants that had been buying and selling africans for centuries. Then there were the Barbary Pirates who kidnapped white europeans to sell in africa and the middle east. So the History of Humanity is the History of Slavery.
@@SevCaswell well written👍🏻 especially about the slave trade in the middle East that people always ignore
That slave was possibly freed, shortly after the writing of Domesday william the conqueror banned the slave trade and freed about 25% of slaves in England
I like the idea of having flour locally grown, produced and baked.
Lots of our history was destroyed in the 60s. Many important historical places where I live was 'demolished in the 1960s'
Thank you for bringing Team Team to YT! I love this show and have watched all the full episodes. I've noticed that there is some judder in most (all?) of the videos. I'm quite certain the show was originally produced at 25 frames per second, or possibly 50 interlaced. However YT has encoded it as 24 fps, which I believe results in the judder. If there is some way to fix this it would be greatly appreciated, so we can enjoy the beautiful English countryside in all its fluid-motion splendour. If not, we'll enjoy it anyway. Again, thank you!
Not a major problem in the scheme of things is it? These guys are trying to do more New Time Teams programmes and trying to be able to pay for and asking for contributions as they are no longer funded by television channels. Why don’t you go to Patreon and donate instead of moaning …
That's funny, I've watched two mill videos from Time Team in the last week, and both included a hunt for mills they did not find.
god i love phil. Always makes me laugh.