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How much of the cider was alcoholic? I discovered hard cider in France and Spain and fell in love with its varieties and low alcohol content

Only women have periods

"a night with Venus and a lifetime with Mercury" (@kinkyhistory)

I had absolutely no idea. Would love to learn about apples' journey of domestication and proliferation! It's gotta be an interesting story.

As a fellow archaeologist just starting a RUclips channel, I am grateful your video appeared on my feed! Your hesitation about your credential and rigourous fact checking really resonate with me. Instant follow! 😊

Yup. At one point it was the "cure" for a lot of things.

Got it right!

This is all so interesting, thanks for putting it together! 😊❤

What? Ok not all women menstruate but to bring in the woke agenda by saying " not only women menstruate" is ludicrous because this is not about gender identity, this is about biological sex and it's functions. Trans men don't need to be included in this conversation, this is about periods and NO, I'm not a TUFF. Isent anything scared and men don't have to be included in everything, including Trans men.

I've just started this video, but I wanted to say thank you for recognizing non-binary and other folks who also menstruate outside of just women, as a trans-masc non-binary person myself <3

Wonderful video, thank You so much for making it! I love that You're adding insight into the history of a very primal human activity, that is so often ignored, or turned away from. I do have questions about the Flying Goose sight? The "burning at low temperature", the addition of plants, the adding of water... I hate to complicate things! (But, isn't that kind of what archaeology is about, in a way? At least, when discussing alternate views.) I'm wondering, if these could be signs that the people there were attempting to re~create Terra~Preta? I guess I see the signs, that this COULD have been connected to a Menstruation "taboo", but... it just seems to me like it could instead have been connected to the complex process required to create Terra~Preta, and I'm wondering if You could please elaborate on this Site, in particular? Why was THIS Site, in particular, thought to be "so connected" to menstruation? Thank You so much for Your time!

I've been reading central Asian history for a few years, and the apple history seemed like a fabulous fairy tale. Very pleased to see your presentation - nicely done!

Awesome video!

That’s really neat. I’d never really thought of the history of plants. Or the apple specifically. I guess there’s lots of different plants that have also travelled the world. I would love to know more about that if you’re game to tell us more

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

The Zionists who patrol your comment section are very telling of who you are as a content creator. Lotta people are really upset about the idea that apples aren't ancient, but they're not really people. They are fake accounts. This channel is a hotbed for fake account commentators. What are you up to besides misleading people about plant history that would have a bunch of Zionists patrolling your page?

Fascinating and well-made! Commenting for the sake of the algorithm

I suspect menstruation lengths have changed over time given that even now getting a period every 21 to 35 days is considered normal. Since menstruation can be effected by diet and stress I wonder if in ancient times women experienced fewer periods overall.

These are THE MOST DISPICABLE PEOPLE of all. Stealing from the dead to get paid. When I die I would perfer to be burned than to think someone 2000 years from now will dig me up and play with my bones and steal my glory for any reason!!!

They claim to preserve, but they steal the past from those that left it. Disrespecting the people of their religion artifacts and history to do it in the name of science, but they are well paid and unscrupulous as they claim the grave robbers are. It's just another way to commit grave robbing legally! To preserve in their closets.

The Biblical "Fruit of the Tree of Knowledge", may not have been an apple tree. Figs were much more popular in the Middle East. The serpent was not the Devil. He was invented centuries later.

Avoid the word "colonizer." It implies ugly assumptions about ONE ethnicity versus conduct universal to all ethnic groups.

How many young people aspire to get a collage degree so they can study the archaeology of menstruation? There can't be many.

Apples and oranges

A wonderful different look at history, there are multiple takes on your presentation that are priceless. Much enjoyed and appreciated 👍 thx.

No mention of the bear in the fruit forest, and horses bearing the fruit with the wheel.

Your voice has that irritating err-eer-err even your “and” has that tone lost hint

Crab apples are loved by cattle. People bake them on hot embers and they're good. Thank you for your great content.

I really like listening to you speak, it's very calming

off 17th. in Calgary there's a tree behind the Mortuary company and each fall i make a pilgrimage to pick the Ambrosia apples off the hanging branches!! Not away of ANY apple trees in Calgary Alberta that I know of other than this one tree.

Where do you get that Chase (johnny apple seed) was altruistic? He got free seed from cider mills and planted cider orchards on purpose ahead of the west ward advance of the nation. He hired people to tend his orchards because he knew that settlers would be thirsty when they caught up to his plantings. It was always about cider, hard cider. Good essay though!

I love ugly heirloom apples. Ashmead's kernel, mutsu, golden russet, sweet 16, and snow sweet.

Peas aren't homozygous

thankyou Dr. Nathan. well done, informative and entertaining, both.

My favorite book on apples is Roger Yepson's gorgeous little book, "Apples". His beautiful watercolors on every other page, with a description and history & lore of each example gave me a dozen varieties to seek out at the nursery, and plant in the yard. I'm still searching for Porter's Apple, a squat golden explosion of candy and flowers... ❤❤❤ subscribed.

Now I'm curious how other folks enjoy their apples. (I'm a New England Yankee, so we have a lot of apple recipes especially when you add in other European pastries with apple filling)

Fruit and history, I'm home 😊

I've read the celts in their waves of migration were avid apple appreciators

I wonder whether or not the Apple was cultivated to make hard cider? and my favorite apple for the flavor is pink lady, but my favorite apple for the crisp and juiciness is, of course the sugar bee

Great summary. The one thing I would note is that apples were often reproduced by rooting cuttings, rather than grafting - I’ve done it myself 😁. Grafting has also been a valuable technique, especially where specific root-stocks were desirable, but rooted cuttings do produce reliable trees with known genetics.

“Folks that menstruate”…. Come on 🙂‍↔️🤣

Now do it for the Crocus.

For some reason I thought I remembered the Documentary A Botany of Desire said that they originated in Azerbaijan. I just watched that portion of the documentary. I was mistaken. Glad I watched this video

I feel like it's also important to note that, historically, many people essentially never experienced a 'period' over their entire reproductive lifetime. Or at least not in the same way we experience them today. The idea of "having to deal with a week-long bleed, every month, for years on end" is a fairly recent phenomenon. In the past, our ancestors tended to: 1. Start having babies younger; 2. Breastfeed for longer; 3. Get pregnant more often + have more children; 4. Engage in more manual labour (& just generally experience more physical stress), and; 5. Experience greater resource insecurity (by this I primarily mean a diet with less fatty/high-calorie foods than what we consume today). I could rant about this for DAYS but the bottom line is that any/all of the above can contribute to not menstruating, in one way or another. So it could be a long time between bleeds, and didn't necessarily warrant a specific (a) product, or; (b) place being designed for those who were menstruating. Undoubtedly there still would have been practices/rituals surrounding menstruation even for those groups. But if you only bleed once or twice every couple of years then it's not really a big deal ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ We discussed this topic extensively when I studied biological anthropology, but I never considered how it might look in the archaeological record. Or NOT look, I guess, as no extensive period* of menstruation = little to no archaeological record of how menstruation was dealt with. *pun intended. Also if you have any questions about anything I said then pls reply in a comment. Evolutionary reproductive biology (and how tangles with culture) is one of my special interests and, like I said, I can talk about it for days. It's so interesting.

Great video. I’d love to try a Malus sieversii from Kazakhstan.

The basket of fruit at 7:43 are quince, not apples.

The black and white photo at 0:29 is of a peach tree.

I grow apples and I have recent purchased a set of apples from Trees of Antiquity that were breed by Albert Etter and primarily feature red or pink flesh. I haven't had the pleasure of tasting them yet but I am very excited for that day a few years from now.