Mathematics is based on a foundation of axioms, or assumptions. One of the most important and widely-used set of axioms is called Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the Axiom of Choice, or ZFC. These axioms define what a set is, which are fundamental objects in mathematics. And the Axiom of Choice is arguably one of the most important and interesting axioms of ZFC. But what does it really say? And how is it used? This video dives deep into the formal definition of the Axiom of Choice, as well as its important equivalences which have their own fascinating applications in various branches of mathematics. Furthermore, we look into the controversy behind AC, and why it has garnered much discuss...