Видео

Dear brother in Christ, Accuse me for the delayed revert. I truly appreciate your thoughtful question about where to look when facing an opponent in combat. 🙏 Many martial artists focus on a single point, like the shoulders or chest, but from a linguistic perspective, the verbs to look at and to see are quite different. To look at implies directing attention to one specific point, which means everything else is, to some degree, ignored. But to see is more expansive-it’s to take in the entire picture, to perceive things as a whole. 👀 In martial arts, if we look at just one part, we might miss something crucial, but if we see the opponent in their entirety, we’re more aware and less likely to be surprised. This requires a deep level of meditation and presence. 🧘‍♂️ The same idea applies when we read the Bible. Some people listen to specific verses, picking out parts that resonate with them, but others hear God’s message as a whole, experiencing His presence in every aspect of life. I’ve learned that when I focus on just one part of God’s word, I may miss how He’s speaking to me throughout my entire life. 💫 Just as we must see the whole picture in combat, we must also understand God’s existence and love throughout the Bible-from beginning to end-and apply that to our own experiences. 🙌 I personally try to see my life as a part of God’s bigger story, connecting my experiences with those of the biblical figures. This approach has deepened my faith and strengthened my connection with God. I believe that just like in martial arts, this awareness in faith requires constant meditation, presence, and humility. 🕊️ I hope this explanation brings clarity to your question and encourages you as you walk in God’s light. May the peace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with you always. ✝️ Blessings, [Sage]

@@exelatete Thank you very much for your time. 😊🙏❤️

@@damjancakic9188 No problem at all brother! May God be with you regardless of your religion💖

@@exelatete All honor to you. You think very humanely. I also respect and love all religions and cultures of this world. This world is the home of all of us.

へへへ、俺が客席の後ろからシャウトして出てきたのがお気に入りかい？俺はあの時、やる気がなくなってさ、帰りかけていたんだ。俺は気まぐれのスペイン系メタル人だからな、Qeu sera sera っていうやつさ。で、まあまた気まぐれで後ろから入ってきてシャウトしたってわけさBaby! 俺たちのバンドを気に入ってくれて嬉しいぜ💖 まあ、Youがおっしゃるとおり編集した人は日本人の「恥の文化」を考えると、納得のいかないプレイをカットしたんじゃないの？俺はスペイン人だからわかんね〜けどな。 まあ、Youの意見も反映するために、バンドの野郎どもにも「全部丸出しで行こうぜ！」とシャウトしておくよ。まあ、安心しな。俺がまたフル動画アップするかもしれないし、Hey buddy, stay tuned🎸🎹

ほらよ💖　俺のソプラノリコーダーの部分だけでもアップしたぜ！ ruclips.net/video/Qe5dSlUpkFI/видео.html

なんだい？You も俺のリコーダーのファンかい？それは嬉しいね💖 他のメンバーがミスしたところもメタルらしくてカッコ良いっていうのは、俺も同感だぜ！だがな、日本には「恥の文化」ってものがあるじゃないか？多分、自分のプレイに納得がいかなくてその部分をカットしたんじゃね〜の？スペイン人の俺には関係ないこった。 ところで俺もたくさんミスしたの気づいたか？この動画でもかなり歌詞を間違えているが 、俺には「恥」なんて概念はないもんでな、まあ好きなようにカットしてくれってことさ。Youたちも俺のミスが芸術的でそれを見にきてんじゃねえの？それならまかせておきな、これからも俺は期待通りミスしまくるからな。そうさ、人間はカッコつけずに、そのままの姿を見せればShiningだぜ！ところでYouはシャイニングの続編を見たか？まさに俺の言っているようなことを言ってるぜ。 まあ、心配しなさんな。じゃあ、あんただけのために俺がリコーダーのソロのところを明日ぐらいにアップするからさぁ、俺のチャンネルに登録でもして昼寝でもしときな💖 俺のリコーダー、どアップを余すことなく楽しんでくれ！！！！

昼寝は終わったか？俺のリコーダーアップしたから、ヘドロが出るまで見なよ💖 ruclips.net/video/Qe5dSlUpkFI/видео.html

My friend, your words are deeply humbling, and I receive them with gratitude 🙏. If there is anything in me that reflects the faith and wisdom of Elihu, it is only by the grace of God ✨. I am merely a servant, striving to walk in His truth 🙌. May all glory be His alone ✝. Thank you for your kindness, and may He bless you abundantly! 💙

Accuse me for the delayed revert, dear brother in Christ. I deeply appreciate your kind words and your blessing in the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ. It is truly an honor to connect with a fellow martial artist and devoted believer. Your encouragement strengthens my spirit, and I pray that our Heavenly Father continues to guide and bless you abundantly. Regarding Hak So Ken, I am humbled that you find it interesting. Hak So Ken (白蒼拳) is a martial art that I have developed by blending elements from various disciplines, including Karate, Shaolin styles, Tai Chi, Boxing, and Muay Thai. The essence of Hak So Ken lies not only in physical techniques but also in cultivating the spirit, harmonizing mind and body, and seeking a deeper connection between movement and inner strength. It is a practice that embodies both discipline and humility, much like our walk with Christ. May the Lord’s wisdom and love continue to guide you in both faith and martial arts. Thank you again for your kindness. May Heavenly Father be with you always. In the Holy Name of our Lord Jesus Christ, Amen. ✝🔥🙏

Accuse me for the delayed revert, dear brother in Christ. I am truly honored and humbled by your kind words. It brings me great joy to connect with a fellow martial artist and brother in faith. Your dedication to both traditional martial arts and our Lord Jesus Christ is truly inspiring. May the grace and peace of our Heavenly Father be with you always, and may your training continue to be a reflection of discipline, strength, and faith. In the Holy Name of our Lord Jesus Christ, Amen. ✝🙏🔥

“Thank you so much! 🙏 Your words are truly inspiring. I deeply respect your perspective on true Gong Fu-it’s about the journey, not the spotlight. 🌟 The essence lies in training with dedication, regardless of who’s watching. 🥋💫 I’m honored to be on this path alongside you. Let’s keep striving for real progress and growth in both body and spirit! 💪🙏🌍”

Thank you so much for your kind words! 🙏 I truly appreciate your deep understanding of the importance of holistic training, both physically and mentally. Your recognition of the interconnectedness of the body systems is inspiring. I am grateful to learn from your insights and commitment to discipline. Let’s continue striving together for growth and health! 💪🌟

Thank you for your thoughtful comment! Your perspective resonates deeply. I agree that kung fu, as Jackie Chan said, is truly in our daily life-it’s about mindfulness, discipline, and staying connected to the moment, whether through practice or even enduring nature’s challenges. My video reflects my effort to embody this philosophy through daily training and dedication. I admire how you’ve beautifully expressed this idea. Thank you for sharing such wisdom! 🙏☯💪”

Your dedication to training is truly inspiring! I deeply admire your commitment and the humility you show in giving thanks to the Lord for all your achievements and strength. I share the same mindset, always striving to return all glory to Him, for it is by His grace that we accomplish anything. Your words resonate deeply with me. Amen, and may God continue to guide and bless your journey! 🙏☝💪✨

“Thank you for your insightful words and for sharing this profound philosophy. I am simply a practitioner on a lifelong journey, striving to honor the wisdom passed down through Kung Fu. Your perspective inspires me deeply, and I feel privileged to exchange thoughts with someone as knowledgeable and humble as yourself. With utmost respect, I salute you and your dedication to understanding and living this path. May we both continue to grow in spirit and practice. 🙏⚡👊”

I deeply respect your perspective 🙏. I also believe there is only one intercessor, Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son 🌟. I do not believe that Mother Mary can be called the “Mother of God,” but I do believe in the beautiful, multidimensional coexistence of men and women in the Fatherly role, as represented by the God of the Trinity. ✝ The most important thing is maintaining a daily, hourly relationship with God through Jesus Christ 💖. God doesn’t dwell in rituals or legalities, and I agree with you on that ✨. Regardless of our differences, I consider you my precious family in Jesus Christ 🕊. May the peace of the Lord be with you always, uniting us as one body in Him 🌍✝.

“Thank you for your beautiful and poetic description of these movements 🙏✨. Honestly, I don’t fully understand all the mysteries behind the techniques passed down by ancient Asian warriors 🥋, but I dedicate myself to uncovering and practicing what has been buried in history 📜💪. It’s a journey of learning and rediscovery, and I’m always striving to understand and apply these profound principles in real situations 🔄🌪.”

“Your poetic way of expressing your thoughts adds a beautiful touch to this channel. 🌊 The imagery of ‘water skimming across a rock’ perfectly captures the fluidity and grace we aim to embody in martial arts. Thank you for sharing such profound reflections, and I encourage you to continue bringing your unique perspective here. 🙏✨”

“Спасибо за ваш проницательный комментарий! 💪 Техника, которую я использую, включает блокировку возможных ударов обеими руками или нанесение удара сопернику с одновременной защитой лица или живота. Рад, что вам понравилось сочетание движений и музыки! 🎶✨”

It is a shame that the editor is an amature of editting. You can see me playing the flute with the guitar distortion. ruclips.net/video/_Sm5VcXIuAs/видео.html

Here you are; the flute part you were talking about💖 ruclips.net/video/Qe5dSlUpkFI/видео.html

Grazies pour tus palabers. Es multe bonite ver qeu ls-cristians japoneses estão sendge bendizidgs ü compartenge l-fe. Qeu Deus te bendigæ, ü qeu su grazie te acompañæ sempre.

はい、わかりました。結婚しましょう。京都にお住まいなら、明日など入籍するのはいかがですか？ご都合をお知らせください。入籍後の生活は神様にお任せしましょう。

本当ですか！？嬉しいです😊私も京都に住んでいるので是非✨明日でも大丈夫なのですが23日が大安なのでその日にしませんか？

@@りお-e5u1z はい、では２３日の午後２時ぐらいに区役所の前で待ち合わせして、すぐに入籍しましょう。神様の平和があなたと共にありますように。

分かりました！とても楽しみにしています❣️

@@りお-e5u1z はい、ではそういうことで💖

Thank you for your keen observation! I train my fingers-especially my thumb and other four fingers-to target specific pressure points on the opponent. This is crucial because if I don’t, I might strike harder areas that are less effective in a fight. By training these different hand forms, such as eagle, mantis, snake, or crane, I can improve precision and make sure I hit vulnerable spots with greater accuracy. I truly appreciate your attention to the details of my training!

Your openness and honesty are truly commendable. Recognizing pride and being vulnerable takes a great deal of courage, and it’s through this humility that you can grow stronger. Pride may lead to a fall, but the key to true strength lies in knowing your weaknesses. It’s not about defeating others but about improving yourself. In martial arts, humility allows for deeper growth, and with the Holy Spirit’s guidance, you can continue to develop. May Christ be with you all the time, and may God bless you regardless of your denomination.

Thank you for your support! ❤🙏 We are Christian martial artists, and your blessings mean a lot to us. The cloud may symbolize a moment of reflection, but we’re growing and learning every day. Your encouragement keeps the fire burning ⛩🔥. May God bless you, regardless of your religion, and wishing you peace and strength!

@@exelatete Same best wishes for you and thx for your teachings. I will try to learn your style ❤🙏

Thank you for your kind words and for noticing that my approach is not commercialized or Americanized. Even though I speak English in the video, I strive to maintain the authenticity of the Eastern style in my martial arts, Hak-So-Ken. Your keen observation means a lot to me, and I’m truly happy to hear that you’re enjoying the show and training. May Christ be with you always

Thank you for your thoughtful comment. You’re absolutely right that martial arts can be used to both heal and harm, especially when it comes to pressure points. In Eastern practices, pressing these points can be beneficial for health and healing, but striking them too hard can have dangerous consequences. I’m glad you found value in the video. Feel free to screenshot the pressure points and use them to benefit your health. May Christ be with you, and may God bless you regardless of your denomination

Thank you very much for your kind and thoughtful words. I’m humbled that you see the subtlety and humility in my practice. Indeed, I believe that true strength comes from within, not just through physical power but through spiritual discipline as well. As I continue to practice Hak-So-Ken and reflect, I strive to stay grounded in both my martial arts and my faith. I’m grateful for your appreciation and for noticing the Eastern approach I take, rather than something commercialized. May Christ be with you, always

Peace brother , your a good person and your hearts in a good place i’m just a low level karate guy but thanks for sharing your faith on our kung fu Coaches channel here

Thank you for your heartfelt comment and for sharing your journey of faith and discipline. It’s inspiring to see how your devotion to Jesus Christ and traditional apostolic values deeply influence your approach to gong fu, discipline, and training. I truly believe that humility, strength, and wisdom come from the grace of God and a life rooted in prayer and discipline, as you so eloquently described. May Christ continue to guide you in all aspects of your life. Amen and amen!

@@oldschoolkarate-5o Thank you for your beautiful comment. True Christianity is all about loving one another as Jesus loved us, living as true disciples, and it warms my heart to see this spirit reflected in our community here. You’ve created a true brotherhood of Christ with your kindness and humility. It’s a blessing to see the will of God manifesting in this space, just as it did in the early Christian community. Thank you for being a part of that, and for sharing your heart with a fellow brother

Thank you for your kind and thoughtful words! I really appreciate your acknowledgment of my training and the authenticity behind it. In the video, I’m showing the process of my daily routine, focusing on stretching, massage, and refining my own martial art, Hak-So-Ken. It’s a slow build-up from a gentle practice to more powerful movements, as I test the effectiveness of the kata. I’m glad to know you resonate with the journey, and I look forward to continuing to share more with you. May Christ be with you and guide you in your practice!

Fire in our belly brother!

Thank you very much for your thoughtful feedback. I agree with your observation about the importance of relaxation in martial arts. However, I’d like to clarify that Hak-So-Ken, while incorporating elements of fluidity, requires a different approach than Tai Chi. If I were to perform the movements too fast or with excessive relaxation, there’s a risk of injury, such as the bones being pulled out of their sockets. Therefore, we maintain some rigidity, similar to boxer style, to protect the body. Tai Chi is considered the higher form of martial arts, and while we are working towards mastering the Tai Chi style, for now, this is where our practice stands. It’s all about finding the right balance, and as I continue to practice, I’m working towards mastering that balance. I truly appreciate your input and hope this explanation helps clarify the distinction. BTW, I agree with you that Adam and Elijah must learn to relax more for the fluidity you have mentioned. May God bless you regardless of your religion💖

Really? Am I reminisces it was probably like 10 years ago when I bought the camera and the Mac busy just to test out how are RUclips Functions. I’m very glad to hear that you enjoyed the video. May God bless you regardless of your religion! A lot of love from Japan❤

Thank you for your thoughtful questions and interest in Hak-So-Ken! 🙏 While influenced by traditional Chinese martial arts, such as circular movements and fluidity akin to push hands, Hak-So-Ken is a style I developed to simplify complex concepts and integrate a Christ-centered philosophy. Its purpose is twofold: promoting anti-aging through disciplined, meditative practice and opening Christ-centered dialogues with "opponents." I believe every opponent carries a story shaped by trauma, and through Hak-So-Ken, we actively listen, foster understanding, and practice love. If you’d like to know more, feel free to ask! God bless! ✝🥋

Thank you so much for sharing your perspective! It’s fascinating to hear how others perceive the movements of Hak-So-Ken, even drawing comparisons to styles like Wing Chun. While I’ve never studied Wing Chun, I deeply respect its principles, as well as those of Tai Chi. Your observation brings a smile to my heart and reinforces the interconnected beauty of martial arts. I’m grateful for your kind words and positive energy-may your journey in martial arts be blessed and filled with growth! 🙏🥋✨

Douitashimashite! ❤️

コメントありがとうございます！僕の世界観や英語について興味を持ってもらえて、とても嬉しいです。 実は、普段の生活では英語を使うことが多いです。友達や弟子たち、特にアダムやエライジャとは英語で会話していますし、仕事や趣味でも英語がメインの言語です。日本語はほとんど使うことがないんですよ。RUclipsの動画も、その一環で英語を使って世界中の人々にメッセージを届けるために作っています。 英語は僕にとって、単にコミュニケーションの手段だけでなく、心を通わせるための重要なツールです。もちろん、日本語にも深い愛着がありますが、英語を通じて広い世界とつながりたいという思いがあります。もしもっと質問があれば、ぜひ教えてください！

そうですね。よくブルースリーのジークンドーと動きが少し似てると言われるのですが、根本的な考え方が違います。まずブルースリーのジークンドーは、実際の戦いを想定してますよね。しかしながら、私たちがやっているこの拳法は強くなることを前提としていません。アンチエイジングのようなものだと考えてみてください。健康のためだけにやっています。あなたもいつまでも元気でご長寿であることを願いつつ、コメントさせていただきました。瀧セージ

I appreciate your kind words. This training space holds a special place in my heart and I’m happy you enjoyed it! 🙏

Thank you my friend and brother! May the Lord bless you for what ever you do, regardless of your religion💖

“Hello, my friend! I’m so glad you found my channel and that the videos are helping you in your journey. Your kind words about my love for Jesus mean so much-it’s through Him that I aim to share not just martial arts techniques, but also peace, faith, and strength. Keep training hard and staying grounded in Christ. May He bless you abundantly! 🙏💯🥊✝️”

@ thanks Coach🙏🏽💯

@@oldschoolkarate-5o You are always welcome 🙂

“Olá, Ednei! Obrigado por compartilhar seu sonho. Beber direto da fonte de uma escola tradicional chinesa é uma aspiração incrível. Embora você esteja longe, lembre-se de que a essência das artes marciais está na disciplina, na busca pela paz interior e no respeito à tradição - princípios que podem ser praticados onde quer que você esteja. No Hak-So-Ken, seguimos esses valores enquanto integramos a fé cristã, tornando cada prática uma meditação em movimento. Continue treinando com dedicação e que Deus o abençoe! 🙏😊”

Amém meu irmão! 🙏🏻 A paz de Deus esteja contigo!!!! Sou um fã incondicional das artes marciais chinesas e acompanho seu trabalho aqui no RUclips que é muito bom e satisfatório para meu aprendizado....forte abraço, fica com Deus irmão!

@@edneibarbosa652 Permitæ-me repöstar tu comentarie en Portoñol porqeu mie Portuguese non es tan böne. "¡Amén, mi hom-ermane! 🙏🏻 Qeu l-pax de Deus tambain estæ contigo. M'alegre saver qeu mie trabaixe te inspira ü contribuxe a tu apprendixaje en ls-artes marçiales chines. Es m-honore compartir este passao ü l- mensaxe de fe coa m-persoa come tu. M-förte abraxe desde Japon. Qeu Deus te bendigæ sempre! ✝🥋”

Amém meu irmão 🙏🏻

“Thank you so much for your thoughtful comment! I completely agree that Tai Chi is a far more advanced and sophisticated Kung Fu discipline. Hak Soken, which I’ve developed, is intentionally a more basic, lower-level practice compared to Tai Chi. It’s designed to be accessible, helping beginners gradually build an understanding of movement and balance. I see it as a humble stepping stone toward the depth and refinement of arts like Tai Chi. I truly appreciate your perspective!”

Thank you for your thoughtful question! Hak-So-Ken, the martial art I’ve developed, is deeply rooted in a Christ-centered philosophy. While inspired by meditative elements of Eastern practices, its principles focus on evangelization and healing. In Hak-So-Ken, joint block techniques aren’t about exploiting the opponent but recognizing them as a potential brother or sister in Christ. Fights often stem from inner trauma, and controlling an opponent allows us to initiate dialogue, aiming for reconciliation and understanding. For example, my disciple Elijah, who faced a traumatic past, has found daily Hak-So-Ken training to be a source of emotional healing. This reflects how Hak-So-Ken acts as a form of Christ’s work today-restoring relationships and hearts through discipline and love. It’s truly moving meditation, rooted in grace and healing. With love, in Jesus Christ, regardless of your religion.

@@exelatete That's very interesting and good to hear! I hope this art goes well for you, it seems fascinating and good for the soul. Christ be with you, God bless!

@@MelancholicHiraeth “Thank you so much for your kind words and blessings! It’s truly encouraging to hear that you find this art fascinating and good for the soul. My hope is to not only teach martial techniques but to also inspire deeper reflection, healing, and faith through Christ. May the peace and love of Christ be with you always. God bless you too! 🙏✝️”

“Looks like something really made you laugh! 😄 Thanks for the positive energy! 🙌”

“Happy New Year! 🎉 Just to clarify, I’m Roman Catholic by affiliation for preaching purposes, but my faith is more Protestant in nature. 🙏 I focus on a Bible-centered approach, and I value ecumenism 🕊. While I respect the tradition of the Catholic Church, I don’t align with certain doctrines, like papal supremacy 👑. At the core, my faith revolves around Jesus Christ and His teachings ✝. Thanks for the thoughtful question, and blessings to you in the New Year! 🌟”

@@exelatete Να είσαι πάντα καλά!!! Ο Ιησούς Χριστός μαζί σου!!!! Είμαι Έλληνας Ορθόδοξος Χριστιανός, είσαι ευπρόσδεκτος στην Ελλάδα!!! Πρώτα ο Θεός θα σε γνωρίσω σε Ορθόδοξος ιερείς να γνωρίσεις την Ορθοδοξία, εάν θέλεις και το Άγιο όρος, στην Ελλάδα!!! Ασκούμε στο wu tai chi chuan του Μπρους Κουμάρ Φρατζή και στην πυγμαχία. Μου αρέσει πολύ το στυλ πολεμικών τεχνών που ασκείς, είναι πολύ πολύ ενδιαφέρον!!! Η Παναγία μαζί σου!!!

Thank you so much, Paul69, for taking the time to watch the video twice and for your insightful comments! 🙏 I really appreciate your observation on the gradual change in speed and power. It’s great to hear that you recognized the two-handed blocking technique, which I actually invented when I was 18. I was always curious about how to anticipate an opponent’s punch and protect myself at the same time. That led me to develop a blocking method that guards both my face and torso. 🥋 Also, I’m honored that you saw parallels between my practice and the Goju-Ryu Katas, especially Sanchin and Tensho, which have deeply influenced my approach. I’ll continue to refine my techniques, and I’m grateful for your feedback and the connection it creates between our martial arts journeys. Wishing you a Happy New Year of 2025 filled with growth and peace! 🥂

“Thank you, Paul69! I really appreciate your keen observation. The two-phase turns with lowering the body are designed to gather energy and align the body, which contributes to both physical and spiritual balance. It’s great to hear that you noticed that! Your insight adds depth to the practice. Keep going strong, and may your journey be filled with good health and progress in your martial arts! 🙏👊💪”

“I appreciate your kind words about the samurai spirit! 🥋🌸 While I deeply respect the samurai’s discipline and values, my focus is more on health and personal growth through movement 💪🌱, rather than the warrior aspect 🏯. I’m honored by your view and thank you for the respect you’ve shown. 😊🙏✨”

"I have Asperger's syndrome, and my eyes are sensitive to light, so I wear sunglasses for comfort and protection."

“Thank you so much for your kind words! I’m glad you found the workout interesting. Sending respect and appreciation back to you from Japan. Stay strong and keep pushing your limits!”

哈哈，惊到了吧？😅 这是一部分我的日常训练，我在平衡板上练习脚法和设计新的武术动作。这些动作是我自己发明的武术风格的一部分！ 另外，视频中还包含用中文念诵的主祷文和日文版的《圣母颂》。我选择用中文念诵主祷文是因为它的韵律和节奏与日本传统的佛教经文颂唱方式非常相似，这样更容易让日本人接受。通过这种方法，我希望以一种美学与文化兼备的方式传播福音。至于《圣母颂》，用日语演唱是为了展现其独特的旋律和传统日本音乐的美感。希望你喜欢！ 如果你对我的武术或视频中的内容感兴趣，随时告诉我！

@@exelatete我怎覺的是在搞笑😂⋯⋯抱歉⋯⋯我沒興趣

“Thank you for your vivid and imaginative feedback! I love how you described my movements as if I’m the big, evil end boss in a kung fu movie-what a fun image! My practice blends elements of martial arts and health-focused movement, so it might seem unconventional. It’s not designed for fighting but for exploring flow, balance, and adaptability. I’m glad it sparked such a unique impression. Your creative take really adds to the enjoyment of this journey. 🙏😄🔥🎥💫”

“Thank you! I appreciate the support. Let’s keep pushing forward together!”

@ Happy New Year , your channel is a blessing . Do you go by Sensei or Sifu ?

@@oldschoolkarate-5o “Thank you for calling me ‘shifu’ or ‘teacher’-I appreciate the respect! However, I prefer to be called ‘Instructor.’ My role is to guide my students towards better health, not to take on a title that belongs to God. As a Christian, I believe only Jesus Christ is the true teacher, and there’s only one Father in Heaven. So, I see myself more as a guide sharing knowledge, similar to how you’d refer to a gym instructor, not someone to be placed on a pedestal.”