How Did We Discover Smoking Causes Cancer? | Patrick Kelly
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- Опубликовано: 12 июн 2024
- We all know that cigarette smoking is unhealthy. In modern day, we know it causes lung cancer and heart disease, but that wasn't always the case. How did we figure out that smoking causes cancer?
Watch @KnowingBetter's video here: • Light up a Torch of Fr...
0:00 Introduction
1:04 nice tobacco you got there
4:27 get ready for some gross images...
8:24 more red flags than your college boyfriend
12:56 of course there are Nazis!
15:03 I hope you like text and highlighters
22:54 The Bri'ish Doctuh Stoody luv
☠️NONE OF THE INFORMATION IN THIS VIDEO SHOULD BE USED AS MEDICAL ADVICE OR OPINION. IT IS FOR GENERAL EDUCATION AND ENTERTAINMENT☠️
🔗 L I N K S 🔗
📱Instagram: / patkellyteaches
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🔬Main channel: / corporis
📚My favorite books docs.google.com/document/d/1w...
📜 S O U R C E S 📜
Doll, Bradford Hill (1954) The mortality of doctors in relation to their smoking habits: a preliminary report. British Medical Journal. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Bradford Hill (1965) The Environment and disease: association or causation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Doll (1998) Uncovering the effects of smoking: historical perspective. Statistical Methods in Medical Research journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/...
Proctor (2002) Tobacco and Health: expert witness report [USA vs Philip Morris] ftp.columbia.edu/itc/hs/pubhea...
Proctor (2012) The history of the discovery of the cigarette - lung cancer link: evidentiary traditions, corporate denial, global toll. Tobacco Control. www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4151...
A line-by-line, fact checked version of the script can be found here. You do not have to be a Patron to view:
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💻 C O N T A C T 💻
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#historyofmedicine #medicalhistory
Make sure to watch Knowing Better's video about the history of the cigarette industry and marketing here: ruclips.net/video/GMOyNgLSX2g/видео.html&lc=UgxN4g5bNDaH69GIGL94AaABAg
Here from his video
How did we discover that living causes cancer and ultimately death from an infinite number of other causes?
They just “printed whatever they wanted in a book and that became medicine”, just like alternative medicine today.
My father cave me my first cigarette in 1965 when I was eight. It was disgusting. Just about everybody smoked at that time so I tried another the next day. It tasted equally disgusting and I have never smoked since. At my primary school theteachers smoked in the classroom; my doctor smoked in his surgery.
My parents were both heavy smokers and didn’t get lung cancer. However, both died at a relatively early age from something quite unrelated. Father was also exposed to asbestos at work. If he had lived longer maybe the tobacco or the asbestos would have got him; we will never know.
I hate cigarettes and I hate the culture around it.
@@rixillecigarettes are the stupidest thing ever, it doesn't have any relaxing or psychoactive effects, it tastes bad, it's expensive, and it gives you cancer
I also tried my first cigarette and last one at age 18. I hated it. I'm surprised I even tried it considering my father who was a heavy smoker died when I was 14.
Cancer isn't the only thing that cigarette use causes.
My Mom died at 59 from vascular dementia caused by a stroke that was a definitly caused by her smoking a pack of cigarettes a day.
Im so sorry💔 Praying and hoping youre safe and well and that your father Rest in Peace, Prayers and condolences to him, you and all your families, friends and loved ones❤
For me, it was having a heart attack at 47, and quadruple bypass surgery at 63. Mind you, it's a better death than cancer, but I'd rather not go so early, as my grandfather and uncle did. There are a lot of things to enjoy in life besides cigarettes. 20 years clean.
when you're dead you won't miss any of those things, just like you don't miss being awake while you're asleep and you didn't miss being alive before you were born. So clinging to life as if it's precious isn't really logical at all. We only do it because our biological instincts have conditioned us so strongly to do so
hey, good for you! (genuinely)
that shit is hard to kick, so glad you were able and glad you're still around to enjoy the rest of the world ^^
@@yourmum69_420spoken like a true 20 year old 😅
As a smoker, this propably won't make me quit. Addictions don't work like that or we would have a lot fewer addicts. But it will be one of those things that will inch me closer towards quitting eventually and motivate me throughout the the process.
So, thank you!
You're right on the mark with your comment. After researching for this video, I had a TON of material leftover about some of the public health campaigns that encouraged people to stop smoking, but I didn't want this video to be too long. Maybe a follow up video about successful public health campaigns?
@@PatKellyTeaches I'd love that! And if you encounter any more 3rd Reich research, I'm German and happy to translate. At least *something* productive came out of this genocidal hell my country got itself in.
@@Vicky-uv8ri an important consideration with cigarettes and cancer, is that there is a direct link between the quantity smoked, and the increased risk of cancer.
10- FORTY... FORTY cigarettes a day, was the norm for smokers in the early-mid 20th century
If you are a social smoker, smoke on breaks at work, or can keep it to stress smoking, your risk isn't that bad. The added risk is like walking along a busy road and breathing exhaust and brake dust every day.
Hi Vicky, there is a lot of information out there if you are still interested in knowing more about the process of quitting. Even though it is an addiction, there more former smokers than current smokers! It is very possible to quit! Wishing you the best of luck. ruclips.net/video/l27zWo7hbcY/видео.html
Just quit.
Found you linked in the new Knowing Better video. Big fan of intelligent well researched content so I’m excited to dive in to the rest of your videos!
Knowing better is the fucking worst
We take it for granted that smoking causes cancer, so it's really interesting how the conclusions were reached in the past.
That's exactly the prompt that got me to make this video!
It's called the tobacco companies doled out gigantic amounts of lobbyist money to make sure the medical community looked the other way.
@@Sacto1654 Scientists Tend to agree with whoever is funding them.... Same thing goes with climate change.
@@thegamereviewandreallifech1910 i think your a bit lost mate
@AndrewWalton07 By their username it appears that they are not only lost but also a loser.
Every member of my family that smoked, died of cancer. One aunt last her vocal chords and still kept smoking. Cancer returned and killed her. Another aunt got throat cancer and it spread to her cheeks. She passed away shortly after her cheek removal. My mother passed from cancer in her chest and later spread to her brain. Another family member quit smoking, but still got cancer. She had smoked for many rears. Imagine all that toxin going into the lungs and blood stream over and over again. It can lead to a premature and horrible death!
If I hadn't already stopped smoking, I think the idea of a cheek removal would have pushed me over the line.
My mom smoked for a long time off and on and ended up passing from cervical cancer, which I understand smoking makes it harder to clear viruses that cause it. Even though she quit years before she actually passed, I think it’s clear it does damage that sometimes can’t be undone. I was born ‘87 and she was born ‘62. I remember in the 90s you could advertise cigarettes and still could smoke in hotels and restaurants, public places. She used to have a “Kool” cigarette company t-shirt that I was wearing as a nightgown at 6 years old! Even though the link to cancer was known by then it wasn’t taken seriously. I already thought cigarettes were disgusting just by living with a smoker but I would never put one to my lips knowing what I know now.
The link was taken seriously back then, just not by people who wanted to continue to smoke... Just like now.
And yet...my granny was taught in school (in Illinois about 1905) that smoking caused lung and heart disease.
People knew that smoking wasn't great for your health, it was moreso seen as something for relaxing after a stressful day or warding off certain illnesses like chest infections or colds. I mean, the effects of smoking are hard to ignore no matter what you believe about the practice. Your skin gets all pale and dry, the dark eye bags, weight loss, the persistent cough, staining teeth, nails and skin, diminished taste and smell, etc etc.
Even after my grandmother got pancreatic cancer and New York raised taxes on cigarettes, she still smoked the last time I saw her in August of 2016. I'm not sure how much longer she smoked after that because she got to the point where she had to go to hospice and became unresponsive, but she died less than three months later (the beginning of November 2016). She started smoking at 13, died at the age of 63.
At that point she had an almost 0% chance to survive that particular cancer
So sorry for your loss💔 Prayers and best wishes to hef,you and all your families,friends and loved ones❤
So I guess she figured that it wouldn’t help if she quit at that point
Found you through Knowing Better, commenting for the algorithm.
Truly criminal how few subs you have for such well produced content. Gonna watch everything you've ever made right about now.
I appreciate the kind words, thank you. Lots more coming this summer
This.
This
This
This
obviously this video was meant to highlight the history of smoking being causative to lung cancers, but this video greatly raised curiosities for me about the histories of other cancers, like melanoma in the skin and brain cancers - i’d love to hear your perspective on subjects like these in future videos! amazing work as always 😌
Smoking straight tobacco can’t cause heart disease or cancer by itself. It’s literally impossible. It’s not causal. You need high amounts of oxidative stress from other environmental factors in conjunction. Malnutrition and diet high in processed vegetable seed oils is the reason. No anti smoking groups will ever speak about it however.
@@DefunctYompelvert They won't speak of your conspiracy theory because the evidence doesn't support it. Lol.
@@ettinakitten5047 🥶🥶🥶
@@DefunctYompelvert why would they have to when they can point to all the research confirming the causalilty? No big tobbacco backed pro-smoking campaign will ever speak about it however.
@@DefunctYompelvert No evidence, Just opinion, Typical Flat-Earther-level logic
Just finished reading "The Emperor of All Maladies" before you put this up. I'm very impressed! Your whole channel is filled to the brim with well produced content, and you very clearly know what you're talking about. I'm hoping more people discover you; you deserve it!
That book's been on my list for years now! Do you recommend it?
Thanks for the kind words, I appreciate you taking the time to chime in.
@@PatKellyTeaches it's undoubtedly comprehensive. For instance, when talking about the development of radiation oncology, Mukherjee starts with the discovery of radiation. He covers everything from the development of radical surgery, to the internal politics of the ACS, to how fairness doctrine was employed in the messaging war against big tobacco. It's very well written and hard to come away from without a full picture of the centuries long fight against cancer.
I think the general attitude has always been, if it feels good it can’t be bad. People don’t like having their comfortable habits challenged.
I imagine it’s disheartening sometimes to only get a few hundred views for work that I’m sure takes a lot of research and editing work. However, it’s great and there’s a lot of potential! Keep up the good work!
I appreciate that kind words, but it's not disheartening at all! I'd be making these videos if only a dozen people were watching
Up to 14k on this one, a year later. Not bad at all.
@@PatKellyTeachesgood answer 👏
182k now lol@@Adam-kn3tv
I started reading Pliny the Elder’s Natural History at the suggestion of this video. I got through a good part of the beginning and I was like, these are pretty decent explanations of cosmological phenomena given the information about the universe they had at the time. And then I skipped to the part where he starts to describe the peoples of the world and it was such a quick 0-60. It goes from “the Earth is held in place by the movement of air” which is kind of on the right track, to “a couple hundred miles west of here everyone has backwards feet”
This is one the best encapsulations of Pliny I’ve ever heard 🤣🤣
Pliny is absolutely wild. Dude is just trucking along like "We don't know much, but here are our absolutely reasonable best guesses," and then there's this sharp demarcation where he evidently suddenly discovered psychedelics.
In a book called Buffalo Bird Woman's Garden, an older Lakota Sioux woman recounts to an anthropologist the customs of her grandmothers, grandfather, etc.
In this wonderful book, when she tells him how she would help her grandfather with his tobacco garden, the anthropologist asks if the young braves smoked, too. She disdainfully tells him, No, only the old men smoke. Everybody knows smoking ruins your wind!
That was about 1907, or so, as I recall.
I like how the standard for non smokers was less than 1 cigarette per day instead of…not smoking.
Hey Patrick, I just wanna say that I am soo so glad to have discovered your channel! I've been watching Knowing Better's stuff for a while now and he was the one who first introduced me to your channel via this video. I'm a med student myself, so not only have I really loved the medical history content you've been putting out on here, but your anatomy content on your other channel is fantastic - it's been helping me loads for my upcoming exam! Keep up the good work my man, all the best to you in the coming years!
These kinds of comments make my day. I sincerely appreciate you taking the time to write it. Best of luck in med school, you've got this!
@@PatKellyTeaches Aww, I'm so glad that you liked it! No of course, it's my pleasure - least I can do for all the work you put into making these videos :)
Thanks so much!
I'm a heavy smoker. I'm kinda having some conscience issues right now. I don't know why but I got so many videos about smoking and health issues in my recommended.
From one nicotine addict to another ik its hard, but just remember it will catch up to you. Think about your current or future kids, grandkids, wife etc. Ik it’s hypocritical for me to say it. But at the end of the day both me and u know the only reason it’s enjoyable and helps us with stress is because we are addicted. Its not worth it
It's like the universe is telling you something.
...or just the RUclips algorithm. But less mystique in believing that.
Hey, great work! Glad I found this channel through knowing better.
I'm 62 years old and my dad used to blow tobacco smoke in my ear to cure earaches when I was little. It helped, but it was probably a combination of placebo effect and just being held and comforted.
Good job your ear can't get nicotine addicted. Imagine you would probably look like a right prat smoking a cigarette via the ear? 😂
I can't believe this only has 64 comments. I felt *forced* to share it on my socials. Amazing content man, please keep going!
I appreciate the shares! It was a fun video to make
I love how this video combines my favorite aspects of science and history.
Damn. Your videos are so high quality, and no ads. These should all have 100k views at least.
I’m binge watching your videos, and the quality is just awesome, above any of the usual edutainment channels.
FINALLY!!!!! FINALLY I learn where the term "Blowing smoke up your butt" originates! I've been wondering about that for YEARS!!!
Absolutely amazing production quality. I expected a 300k subs channel AT LEAST. Especially the explanation of research slowly building upon itself, views and beliefs of people at the time and explaining the basics of a proper study. As a pharmacist, hats off to you. Sub well earned
I appreciate the kind words. Glad to see that my style of storytelling resonates with a health professional!
I smoked cigarettes in my teens and then tobacco pipes for 20 years... I'm 44 now and two things made me stop. I started to have asthma at 35 (mostly due to pollution in my workplace but smoking surely didn't help either) and then COVID. I do miss the rituals of smoking a pipe but I'm far better off now.
you know. if the internet had some really bad side-effects, we wouldn't even know yet.
Man I love your videos. My background is in clinical research and public health, and everything I hear is directly up my alley. Learning so much.
Nicot also wrote one of the first French Dictionaries. Great video!
Huh. What a fun little tidbit
10:48 worst pickup line ever
I never understood what's SO addictive in cigarettes...I am a recovered alcoholic and when i drank i smoked but if i was sober i never craved it only after the first beer. As soon as i quit drinking i quit smoking too because i didn't crave it anymore at all...
nicotine
for the vast majority of people it’s very addictive but it’s great that it wasn’t for you
edit: also there’s emotional stuff involved as with most addictions like a lot of people have more than just the physical addiction to deal with when they quit
It’s a mental thing..I never understood how can a person become alcoholic
Wow! The production quality is amazing! Also you have a great voice and cadence of information! Can’t wait to watch more thank you for making quality content!!!
Super kind of you to say, thank you! More to come soon
Criminally underviewed tbh, this video was very informative and I really enjoyed the small notes that explained cultural context as well as your aversion to bias. Love it!
This video popped into my recommended randomly and I loved it! You have earned a new subscriber
That's great news, thanks for commenting. Welcome to the crew
You have such a good channel. Thank you knowing better for introducing me!
Came here from KB’s video, very surprised this channel is as small as it is for the production quality! Will have to check out more of your channel
Thanks for the kind words, and let me know what kind of topics you'd like to see in the future
I really, really wish people would not smoke.
Your content is really well researched and produced. You now have one more sub (you deserve a lot more).
Sorry to say a friend is scheduled for surgery next week in an effort to remove a cancerous throat tumor. He'll lose his larynx so he won't be able to tell us how much much better he feels and how more he enjoys riding his bicycle after quitting smoking about five years ago. Actually, I wish he could still tell us.
Haha wow, clever collab between you and knowing better and perfectly placed, went to your video right away from his to learn more it honestly feels so smooth.
Great video! And psyched that I have discovered a new channel! I see you cited a paper by Bob Proctor in your notes. His book "Golden Holocaust" is pretty dense but really thorough and fascinating book about the topics you and DW cover in these two informative and accessible videos.
That book was recommended to me in a bar of all places! Thanks for the nice comment
Love this new channel! Thanks for it, Patrick!
Good video! A very good companion to KB’s video. Thanks for breaking down the research!
smokers: ”we want a smoother, lighter and fresher smoke!”
fresh air:
Tell beer drinkers to drink water. Doesn't work like that
@@AgentOffice beer drinkers: "we want a smoother, lighter and fresher drink!"
water:
Patrick - as a medical person im very impressed by your research and analysis in your videos. I predict that your channel will become a leading one on RUclips on medical topics :-)
Doctor here. Excellent video! Truly in-depth explanation in a rivetting story format!
insane production quality video for such a small channel, I wish you all the best!
Christ, amazing content man. I really hope you get the recognition you deserve in the future!
All I’m gonna say is - people aren’t stupid. If entire generations all seemingly start having massive lung issues even in circumstances where they aren’t around/working in environments that would naturally do that like a mine or a bakery, questions start being asked.
Lung cancer and throat cancer takes like 20-30 years of smoking for a typical person, when hundreds of millions of people smoke cigarettes you bet trends are going to be noticeable.
It’s like how businesses would like you to think mesothelioma is some recently discovered phenomena, when in reality the Greeks have been writing about a “sickness in the lungs” since the inception of asbestos mining. It was never hidden, it was just not profitable to admit your entire industry is built off killing your customers.
Compare and contrast that with the tobacco industry, the same industry known for feverishly pushing cigarettes on children, blackmailing anti smoking groups, buying off politicians to vote in their interests etc, these aren’t people who were just blissfully unaware of the consequences.
". . .custome lothsome to the eye, hatefull to the Nose, harmefull to the braine, daungerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, neerest resembling the horrible Stigian smoke of the pit that is bottomlesse."
King James I of England, an early anti-smoking advocate - 1604
i love your style of subtle jokes and jabs 😆
on top of well researched topic and eloquent delivery
I lost my Dad to lung cancer in 1972, he was a winston smoker. He was 44 years old. I was still in high school. I miss you Dad !
The only thing smoking causes is coolness 😎
16:03 I guess it's a reflection of the time that a "nonsmoker" is just less than 1 cigarettes per day.
Great video and very well researched!
if smoking were safe why would they need filters in the first place??
So stoked to see this go public! Thanks for yet another great piece :)
Thanks for the constant support. This one was a long time coming
Wait, what?! Less,than 4k subs? Looking forward to watch the channel grow.
Hi Patrick. As a pharmacist, I greatly appreciate your content. I just stumbled upon this and got hooked.
That's so rad, thanks for telling me. I love when folks who work in health care vibe with the videos
I can see this channel becoming big. This video was really well made
Appreciated. I like making these kinds of videos!
Sadly, some people don't quit although they know about the health issues connected to smoking
It's the addiction. Very convenient for companies that make the product.
As a medical student, your content is awesome. Keep it up.
This channel is a gem.
This is so good! Holy crap! This is the best under 10,000 subscriber channel I've ever seen. I'm glad I got in early so I can be the hipster that says I was in before he had a million subscribers.
That means a lot, thanks for the nice comment
This reminded me of that Whoopi Goldberg movie where she plays a nanny to a little girl whose mom died. I think there was a scene where she was watching that clip at the beginning, on TV and it scared the hell out of her so she stole all her dad's cigarettes and hid them in her doll house.
4:55 that blew my mind for some reason
KB And Khanubis in live chat? That’s how you know this is quality content!
Both dudes are my homies! I met both of them at Vidcon in 2019 and stayed in touch ever since
@@PatKellyTeaches that’s so nice to hear! I haven’t been very active on khanubi‘s channel, but I’ve rewatched the tobacco video by KB probably 5 times now. You definitely deserve a sub as well! Very high quality content!
110 days clean. cigarettes and smoking should be illegal!!!
damn what a great video! awesome execution and information.
shocked you don't have more subs
I appreciate the compliment -- thank you. I'd make these vids regardless of subscribers.
Also just want to say that ever since I discovered your channel yesterday I've been binging your videos, you do a great job of going more in depth than most channels and actually discussing the science of medicine while presenting it all in a digestible way.
I appreciate that! "Accessibly in-depth" is my motto when writing the scripts, so I'm glad it translates to the final product.
This is a really interesting and well done video, really deserves more attention
Here from Knowing Better, too. Great vid. My mom and grandfather both died of smoking-related COPD.
Thanks for the kind words, and my condolences around your family members
Came here because of knowing better, looking forward to your next video :)
Next video is about cremation :) Welcome aboard
I enjoy cigarette but only socially and not very often. I never got addiction. I understand that it is bad for my health but many thing are I’m not worried about having these total of 10 a year.
I hope my English is understandable.
Your grammar was slightly off, but overall I could understand you very well. Good job.
Damn, how do you not even have 7k subs? This channel is amazing
I appreciate that dude. It's a labor of love!
You know I wasn’t expecting the knowing better cameo but having already watched his video I should’ve known this was more collaboratory
You've earned a new subscriber, mate! Have a great day!
This is SO so well done Patrick. My complements (and I only say this after first watching 5 of your other videos, which were also wonderful, before stumbling onto this one). --Charles A. Gardner, PhD
I appreciate the kind words. And thank you for spending so much of your evening with my videos!
I don't waste time on useless vids Pat. I'm so impressed by what you are doing. Well-researched and accurate. I was all the way back with Pasteur and Koch, and John Snow, before I found your history of tobacco.
I notice you stop your tobacco and nicotine history before a variety of potentially safer nicotine alternatives came along (e.g., snus, vapes, nicotine pouches). Taking one side of the other of that current debate in public health would be like poking a bear. People are not thinking rationally there.
@@PatKellyTeaches
Excellent video, very educational!
Great work! I have a couple of ideas from other videos of this type I’ve seen that may help bring your channel some more (well-deserved) attention: 1. Your titles gotta be a bit more catchy/clickbaity. For reference, look at KB’s title for his equivalent video! 2. A lot of great videos on topics like these where a story is being told benefit from clear structure. Maybe pull a Philosophy Tube with some distinct chapters with title card transitions between the various acts in your video. Great work man!
Thanks for the ideas. Titles are always my weakest point. I'll probably use the chapters and title cards idea, especially since I've been making longer videos lately. It seems like that could be an easy way to make the content digestible for viewers
i mean to be fair some guy shoving a tube in my behind and preceding to blow smoke through it would probably wake me from death
Not me smoking while I watch this
Same, was looking for this comment 😭
@@rt-hb3zg 😆😆
I love this collaboration 2 great youtubers comming together.
Here from KB- looking forward to checking out your other videos
I was wondering why the taryton's jingle at 22:00 sounded so familiar and i've realised it's because, ironically, it sounds like the theme song from M*A*S*H
Who would have thought that smoke in your lungs is bad. I mean, who doesn’t want to run into a burning building, just to take some deep breaths of healthy smoke?
Like most, here from Knowing Better. Impressed by the quality here
Criminally underrated channel!
I appreciate that. More videos coming in 2023 -- I just need some free time!
Great video Patrick.
Wasn't it King George who spoke of Snuff (powdered tobacco) as causing death?
Some folks will drink, snort, or smoke just about anything for cheap thrills.
This is a fantastic video from a criminally underviewed channel.
Here from knowing betters before I watch it. Great video.
Under 4K club, can't wait for this channel to blow up.
Good video, great time stamps.
I'm glad people like them. I'm going to have fun with chapter markers in the future
U deserve more subscribers ❤ you will reach beyond the best soon😊
Great video, very informative.
Great research on lung cancer. Your videos are informative. Btw why latin American research on tar causes cancer was not cited often
It’s late, gonna have to finish the video tomorrow. But just after one minute I can tell that I am going to like your channel alot
I am only 15mins in and I think I love this channel.