The lifespan secret: why giraffes live longer than ferrets
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- Опубликовано: 12 апр 2022
- It is well known that Somatic mutations - mutations in our body’s genetic code that accumulate over time - can cause cancer, but their broader role in ageing is less clear
Now a team of researchers have measured the somatic mutation rates of a range of mammals and discovered a striking correlation between mutation rate and lifespan. Lending evidence to the theory that somatic mutations are a cause of ageing rather than a result of it. 
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At 5:22 “Nature” states that the research provides strong evidence that somatic mutations are a *cause* of aging not a result of it.
As far as I can tell, from the evidence presented up until that point in the video, only a correlation between somatic mutation rate and longevity has been established.
Alex Cagan went to pains to indicate that the results are *consistent* with somatic mutation theory of aging. He pointedly did not say there was a *causal* relationship, i.e. an elevated somatic mutation rate causing a shorter lifespan.
The old adage: “Correlation does not imply causation.”
well the observed correlation is consistent with the reasonable hypothesis that mutations are a cause of aging. Nobody had the hypothesis that mutation rates are low as a consequence of long life span without being causally involved with it. So I think it is evidence in favour of the hypothesis.
In other words there is a correlation between ice cream consumption and shark attacks but nobody hypothesises that increased ice cream consumption causes increased shark attacks. Correlation is not necessarily indicative of causation. If one hypothesises there should be a correlation because I expect a causation and then one finds the correlation it supports the hypothesis.
obviously it is not a final proof either
It is pretty clear from the research that somatic mutation rate is a cause of aging. Not sure what you're getting at boss.
Hi Kelly, at first I thought the same. But there is reasoning to indicate somatic mutation rate is causally linked to aging. Here goes:
The key inference from the data is this: "Somatic mutation rate is evolutionarily constrained. Some reason evolution is shaping somatic mutation rate to be similar at the end of lifespan." At 5:10 The researcher clearly states that the evidence is consistent with somatic mutation theory of aging - that the mutation rate is causal to aging.
Now as to why evolution controls this mutation rate to different degrees in different animals - It may be up to lifestyle, ecological niche and time to procreate and raise offspring. What I infer from this is that aging is not a given but only happens as your genes don't care how long any individual lives as long you live long enough to successfully fulfil the biological imperative of procreating and raising young.
It has also been described that elephants have several times more copies of the tp53 gene.
I think the trade-off would probably be a lower rate of metabolism and cell turnover which does not matter to large animals in exchange for longer life expectancy. For smaller animals which also pursue a quantity over quality strategy in reproduction, a higher metabolism is probably far more valuable to support their ecological strategy.
Awesome video. Simple animation yet convey deep illustration of the the subject.
Makes total sense that cancer and aging are nearly the same thing.
Incredibly interesting, insightful and informative!
love your videos!
Cmon, could you at least give some citations in the description? You're Nature after all....
What about trees?
Naturepad subscribed your channel
Why did you show a reptile (torturous) video when talking about mammals?
Which influence does the metabolism have?
I guess that explains why certain substances not only increase your risk of cancers but probably cause you to age noticeably faster such as cigarettes, alcohol, sun damage, etc.
If the body is constantly focused on repairing itself, the chances of making a ‘mistake’ increases too and possibly become the new blueprint of cells. Over time and with enough mutations, these cells could become tumors.
Wow that is really interesting 🤓
This video seems to have bought into the idea that correlation means causation. How bizarre.
The sample size of each species is too small to make conclusions. Good luck finding answers in captive animals.
Waiting for a video, Why women live longer than men?
Because they do not have to deal with women
Estrogen has some cardiovascular protecting effects.
Men are more likely to do risky stuff and will not go to a doctor for prevention and these things. At least these are some factors…
Women have chromosome XX, while men have chromosome XY. Chromosome Y is much shorter than chromosome X.
@@ichineichou6239 While I do not understand how your original statement relates even tangentially to the question of gender-specific life expectancy at hand, it is true due to sex determination in humans that biological XY males run higher risk of haploinsufficiency as they have only one copy of chromosome X which contains more than just sex-relevant genes. This is also why e.g. red-green weakness affects men more frequently as the receptor protein coding gene for red/green sensitivity is situated on the X chromosome.
do bats there small, active but live really long.
this is the first time i have seen the apple window
I guess lower mutation rates correlate to the shortening of telomeres?
No
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Lower your stress, eat nourishing food, listen to your body’s needs, give it time. My guess is that you live longer when you flow with a consistent environment.
Tell that to a kid with progeria
@@penguinista 🤣
It is due to SIN
There is no soundness in my flesh because of thine anger; neither is there any rest in my bones because of my sin.
Psalm 38:3 KJV
If you are talking about original sin that happened in the garden of eden then it is sin caused by the devil. FYI 'before' the temptation of Eve the forbidden fruit to her was: "...good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. The devil DID NOT gave her such feelings (ie some sort of non-verbal telepathic mind control/manipulation) to desire after the fruit or to judge the fruit as good for food and wisdom because the devil's only goal was to (verbally) draw them away from god (the source of all good) to tempt.
If the devil is not in the details then it's just a theodicy of god(s) and mankind. The story of Genesis isn't trying to absolve all responsibility from Adam and Eve but rather it's about showing that (according to the bible) it is the devil that's behind all evil and therefore all sin.
So if one has this interpretation (of the bible) then fixing the body (ie through gene editing or turning ourselves into cyborgs) is fixing what the devil/satan/metaphysical bad guy had corrupted simply because the source of evil is identified (in Christianity) and is not confused with ourselves or god. To be or to do "godly" (in my view) is to become immortal (as possible).
To further elaborate on this the metaphysical source of evil is the devil (again according to bible):
1 Kings 22 : 23 "Now therefore, behold, the Lord hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these thy prophets..." Evil is first concocted by the devil and only then get's into the brain. In this example of course the evil perpetrated by god turns ultimately to be something good since it's god (and god is defined as all good) that's doing the interacting.
Alright so don't we have some evil in ourselves as well? Well I have to say no because if god had created us (fearfully and wonderfully made) then there should not be any evil in us.
If the metaphysical causality is similar to ordinary causality then it is the devil that has something to do with all bodily ailments (including the ageing process) and not ourselves (the created) or god.
A quack magazine understanding of sin is a lazy way of understanding sin. Search the scriptures and all that...
Where does it actually say in the bible that immortality (for humans) is a sin? It is from here that stems uncomfortable phrases such as: "you gotta grow up" Ignore immortality at your peril. No seriously there is no other way to end wars for example.
Giraffes are sinners? I did not know that.
@@Firestorm12345678910 Bro .the Holy Bible talks about real being called old serpent,satan(Rev 12:9) who was a created angelic being and who fell by sin(pride) and has now become serpent/satan die to sin found in him...so is all those who do disobey God's Word,sins against God and becomes like the devil (John 8:44)...the devil because of his nature tempts man to be like him by going against God's Word, loosing immortality and gaining death and condemnation like the devil...but this was restored in the Gospel of Jesus Christ who killed sin,and death in His own flesh...btw evil is not metaphysical..but real spirit being
Genesis 6 talks about DNA contamination by evil (sin) dna...
gfy