Dude, your library of content must compete with anyone on this platform. Definitely amount x quality I really think you’ve got everyone beat. Who else can give this king run for his money? I’m talking “what the math” back in the day till now.
Imagine traveling trillions of light years and waiting trillions of years more to see the entire universe’s entropy and arrow of time, were orbiting some other unknown with its own Scientific history. Dream big
@@oberonpanopticon don’t hold your breath unless you have a helium balloon but I’ll be sure to update you in a couple of trillion years. Do you want me to get you anything?
@@rezadaneshi ya can you pick me up a theory of everything, a solution to the Fermi paradox, a costco hotdog and an answer to the hard problem of consciousness on your way there cheers m8
Great video! So this is what i learned so far: In the inner core of the Milky Way a few kiloparsecs (around 10,000 light-years radius) is a dense concentration of mostly old stars in a roughly spheroidal shape called the Bulge, with the Central Bar out to the sides. In the Core In the center of the Milky Way is a super massive black hole Sagittarius A 4.2 solar masses that spins very fast, with a nearby second black hole 40x smaller. The Milky Way consists of a Bulge and a Bar-shaped core region surrounded by a warped disks of gas, dust and stars. There is the older low population Thick Disk and a high population Thin Disk of younger stars and star formation [the Thin Disk especially is being pulled down by the Magellanic clouds dwarf galaxies below the Bulge’s center]. The Milky Way is now a barred spiral galaxy, the inner disk of the Milky Way is organized into two or more cloudy/dusty Spiral Arms due to magnetic field of the Galaxy. Recent info is that these Arms are more fuzzy/hairy with breaks that was thought. Two big Spiral Arms, the Scutum-Centaurus arm and the Carina-Sagittarius arm, have tangent points inside the Sun's orbit about the center of the Milky Way. Secondary Arms are: Near 3 kpc Arm and Perseus Arm, Norma and Outer arm along with extension. The warped Thin Disk with more smaller ripples/corrugation is caused by collisions, especially with Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy. Two sets of two large (half the galaxy) elliptical lobe structures of cosmic ray & energetic plasma/bubbles, which emit gamma- and X-rays, were detected astride the Milky Way galaxy's core off its poles. The cosmic ray/gamma ray Fermi & larger plasma/X-ray eROSITA bubbles were guided by galactic magnetism; but the bubbles cause is uncertain, although most guesses are the Fermi bubbles came from the Sagittarius A* black hole, while the eROSITA bubbles came from some super nova & star formation event. The Milky Way galaxy has some small magnetic field at present, but in the past it may have been stronger. About two-thirds of the Milky Way’s estimated 100 billion stars reside in the Disks, and these all move in direct orbits with the Disk rotation. Most of the remaining older third are in the football-shaped central Bulge/Bar, and while their orbits are more varied, on average they too are direct. A few percent of our galaxy’s stars occupy a vast, ellipsoid Stellar Halo which is not aligned with the Disk on the inside changing to a sphere on the outside. These stars travel on randomly distributed orbits - accordingly, half are direct and half retrograde to the disk rotation. Although there are Stellar Streams from old collisions in the Halo. About 40% of the Milky Way's globular clusters are on retrograde orbits, which means they move in the opposite direction from the Milky Way rotation. The globular clusters can follow rosette orbits about the Milky Way, in contrast to the elliptical orbit of a planet around a star. Many are in the Halo in the Stellar Streams. In addition to the stellar halo scientist have provided evidence that there is a vast gaseous/dark matter Outer Halo with a large amount of hot gas. The Halo extends for millions of light-years, much farther than the Stellar Halo and contains the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The mass of this hot Outer Halo is nearly equivalent to the mass of the Milky Way with all its other parts itself. Towards Andromeda galaxy [which has its own Outer Halo] the Outer Halos are already touching. There are other associations of Dwarf Galaxies inside the Outer Halo heading inward toward the Milky Way [50+]. The local Void, a vast ‘desert’ of nothing, is behind our Milky Way opposite the side we on Earth are on. corrections requested.
If the stars are close to the black hole and are only 100,000 years old, would they experience some sort of time dilation? Having a hard time thinking about how this would work out.
They would, depending on how fast they're moving around the black hole. Short version: • The closer to the speed of light you're moving, the quicker it'd seem for you to travel from point A to point B. If you had to travel somewhere 10ly away at speeds very close to the speed of light, the travel time for you would be less than 10 years (past a certain threshold). Instantaneous if you _were_ traveling at the speed of light. • If you were on an elliptical orbit around a black hole and your perigee's close enough to the event horizon, it'd seem like you skipped forward in time a bit once you got back to apogee. The closer the perigee to the event horizon, the larger the time skip.
I would argue the galaxy is bigger than 100,000 light years but yeah our galaxy is so massive we can only begin to imagine how many stars are in this galaxy.
Those stars close to a black hole will definitely have acute time dilation. Meaning to slow down. If they don’t get sucked into even horizon. I wouldn’t be surprised if those stars lasted much longer than usual because of dilation slowing down processes of change/development.
Gravitational time dilation decreases at 1÷d² (i.e. it follows the inverse square law.) E.g. If the time dilation is 50% at distance d then at distance 10d it would be 1/100 or 0.01 or 1%.
I thought that a high spin of the central black hole actually indicates a relatively low-collision past. Peacefully absorbing lots of gas and dust leads to high spin, collisions lead to changes in spin due to differing angular momentums of the inputs. Dr Becky did a video about her analysis of simulations on this very topic.
Another possible explanation as to why Sagittarius A* spins faster than the M87 Black Hole is the angular momentum of collisions and incoming matter flow. In a recent video you revealed that M87 Black Hole's accretion disk is misaligned with the spin of the black hole, implying it had a relatively recent collision with a large amount of mass that came in at an angle very offset with the spin. Physics tells us such a collision may actually reduce a Black Hole's spin. Whereas Sagittarius A*' has just been chilling on a "low carb diet" for the past several billion years, meaning nothing has majorly disrupted its accretion disk, so it could be that it's fast spin is from gradual accretion of angular momentum from its own modest accretion disk rather than from major collisions.
I love the idea that the universe was seeded with life over a period of millions of years in which space itself was at a temperature that allowed for liquid water. That in cosmic water life formed until the universe froze all the liquid water.
Yeah, the probabilities are low in the transition areas for life to form over large regions. But possible if just one earth is in the right spot outside of the general heat periods. So I am hoping for reversing phases showing that a mixture (temp. included) could repeat its life forming ability according to this specified area's biggest attractor.
What really blows me away about the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy is that even though the Milky Way Galaxy has approximately 400 billion stars and the Andromeda Galaxy has approximately 1 trillion stars, the merging of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy a few billion years from now will cause pretty much no collisions between stars from both of those galaxies because both of those galaxies are mostly just empty space anyway despite both galaxies having a large number of stars.
It’s very cool to think how much we advance everyday as a species we are always learning so much scientific community can have many controversies but when it comes down to it it’s a very positive community it’s a good escape from a lot of the horrible things in society
It’d be nice if they could make up there mind if the galaxy is 100K ( 90,000 or up to the 150-180 lightyears across) it’s constantly changing between the two sizes .
The size of the galaxy is kind of difficult to place firm constraints on... How does one define exactly where the edge of a somewhat amorphous object is? 🤷♂️
Read "The Stairway to Life" written by a PhD in biochemistry and you will understand why it doesn't matter if there are some 'building blocks' of life because abiogenesis is sanely impossible (but possible using Imaginary Science)
All those galaxies mixing with one another sharing their unique characteristics. If we could only physically gather all the information of each exchange and what life was created. Hopefully one day we will gain that ability.
Good evening Mr Petrov, You mention something in this video that I've just recently become aware of: "spin dragging." Whereas I have no doubt someone has already investigated it and discarded it, but then again, maybe not, so I'll just bring up an idea that crossed my mind when finding out about spin dragging. It occurrs to me that if the mass of spinning black holes drags around a lot of space, it seems like all spinning massive objects would do the same, to some extent. Is it possible that the collective spin of billions of stars - not to mention any planets they might have around them - as well as the spin of any galaxy that contains them - enhances greatly the effect of gravity on and amongst all of them, sort of like a lens intensifies the light that passes through it. It shouldn't take Einstein to get what I'm driving at here. If on the other hand, it hasn't caught the attention or imagination of the professional astronomers and physicists, who have devoted a lifetime of study, I might suggest it's something to investigate. True, compared to those who have spent lifetimes investigating astrophysical phenomena, I know nothing at all. On the other hand, it might be that once in a while, an uninitiated wanderer can see the forest in which all the foresters are on a first-name basis with each of the trees in that forest. Just wonderin' Thank you.
Do most physicists agree that black holes are simply super dense spheres of mass not unlike neutron stars whose neutrons are touching neutrons with no apparent motion, black holes have another level of gravity and density that has the quarks and gluons pressed together with no remaining apparent motion or vibrations at all that have become dense enough that their event horizon diameter exceeds the sphere’s diameter, going black from our view? I think Einstein's wrong, that time is constant and that dark matter is the limiting factor to the speed of light. I think it’s not 'space-time' bending but rather gravitational and dark matter density variations.
Nah, only mathematicians think that. Real scientists know you create spin by moving energy through something, and dark matter is the energy. They observed the energy via its magnetic fields connecting the Sun to every planet up to Jupiter thus far. This makes the cosmic web and CMBR. Mathematicians don't have a magic variable for it yet, but I imagine an electrical engineer will write a letter of the alphabet down for them sometime soon to calm their collective ADHD.
Hey Anton, thank you for the video! Black Holes are not only the center of mass (highest concentration of mass versus any other equal space) but the barycenter of the galaxy, forcing all forms of energy to bind to its gravitational influence. Of course this is assuming our science is right. It still possible that everything we know is correct but only within a specific paradigm of thinking (unitizing the collective mass to divide into tiny packages) whose predications are still expanding, challenged, or unanswered. I'm not claiming our science is wrong, or that I'm a Flat Earther/Electric Universe theorist. I am satisfied (for now) with modern science; I just feel it renders the 'soul' out of the universe. Biocentrism is the study of life and consciousness and it challenges physio-chemical paradigm theories. Quantum mechanical determinism (physically, the slit-experiment) is a strong evidentiary assertion for the existence of a soul; the collapse of a wave under observation into a particle is a simple, basic function of consciousness. Physical Science explains consciousness as a side-effect of the brain's functionality through the processing, analyzing, and value assessment of data coupled with the base reactionary response of 'fight or flight', and that the higher-functioning of the brain assesses risks before action. These are simplified views of something that produces tear-jerking music, hilarious comedy, or inspiring ideas. Calling the heart a 'blood-pumping organ that generates an electric current to the brain' is also simplified, since that same current generates an electromagnetic field that the 6.5 billion magnetite crystals of the brain delicately manipulate to alter data for that processing. Nowhere in there is WHY. Black holes are a part of the exact same system that created the stars necessary to explode into nebulas that made new stars to explode into new nebulas that collapsed into our Sun and planets, and the same material to mix around for billions of years to create us. Just to observe and see that our observation changes the universe itself. Truly having a soul is a wondrous thing, like we are focal points of the universe itself. Those same black holes stick around continuing that process of mixing. The entire universe is like a body, and we are subatomic particles to it just as electrons are to us. Fractals.
Something came to mind when you mention stellar streams because watching the video from ESA about the first images from the new Euclid telescope. Euclid is charged with studying the relationships between galaxies to investigate dark matter and dark energy but one of the cosmologists happened to talk about how galaxies form at the junctions between filaments of the intergalactic web, so areas where concentrations of matter occur. So galaxy clusters forming at the same time according to the available mass. My guess would be that a galaxy forming in isolation might end up with a cohesive gravitation form, whereas a galaxy coming together in an area where others are competing for space and matter is more likely to experience collisions, disrupting a neat gravitational form and in extreme creating a form so knocked about as to appear as an amorphous blob
Imagine the sky during an active collision. Like a random star crossing between our sun and a close neighbor. That would be so weird and cool at the same time. And most probably also a rather bad sign, due to the turmoil such a passage might stir in the outer regions of our solar system.
This just highlights how little we really know, and how some things that we do know, are covered up. I'm waiting to see how the general population reacts when they realize we have visitors stopping by.
RNA last hours before decomposing. This is why the Pfizer vaccine had to be stored at -80°F just prior to use. So having time works against RNA longevity. This does nothing to address the information.
Excellent stimulating thoughts caused by Anton. Is it possible Traveling in a universe that is spinning in its expansion making every photon take a curved path while waving, to become our default setting for the shortest path, and since we have to collapse it to observe it, we assuming a “straight” path; then when we add the stand alone gravitational lensing amplified by that universal curvature, could it be why it’s appearing as if we need more mass for that outcome?
@@rezadaneshiYou’re welcome. But no, the universe definitely doesn’t seem to be rotating, it wouldn’t make much sense for it to be. Everything _in it_ is rotating in pretty much random directions, so overall it all kinda cancels out.
What really blows me away about the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy is that even though the Milky Way Galaxy has approximately 400 billion stars and the Andromeda Galaxy has approximately 1 trillion stars, the merging of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy a few billion years from now will cause pretty much no collisions between stars from both of those galaxies because both of those galaxies are mostly just empty space anyway despite both galaxies having a large number of stars.
Could SR13 be seen as a few hundred thousand years old but captured millions of years ago? Due to relativistic twisting of the space time around the black hole, causing the system to "age" extremely slowly compared to other clusters nearby? This stuff not only twists time and space but also imaginations. Cool stuff.
It's possible, but not likely. Our Sun's orbit around the center of the galaxy seems pretty regular. If it were a captured object, one might expect the orbit to be more inclined and eccentric. It's difficult to be absolutely sure, but not likely.
If we could map out both galaxies perfectly, we could predict exactly when and where the earth will end up or any other objects in either galaxy. Easy peasy, lemon 🍋 squeazy.
If super massive black holes are Bose Einstein condensates, condensed electron stripped protium cold fused via space vacuum, then the graviton would be a dark wave gluing mass together, like the gluon. A dark boson, whose particle state is the glue. Quantum entanglement retained through decay of the boson into further interaction of subsequent particles.
NOICE video and ayeeeooooo bringin up RNA, makin sure your viewers get a daily dose of bio brain too. mmmm the only way i like my bio info is subtle and layered deep into topics I actually enjoy. Sneaky, I like it. Also, not gona lie, tickled my religious heartBrain(black holes actually always do) but when a good ol pocket of potential building block of DunNuh(DNA, silly zootopia ref) is chillin and we are still so lucky to have it, even less so FIND A BIT floatin around and us still be soo rare. I LOVE it.
Is it possible that the galaxy formed from the collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda would eventually reform into a spiral galaxy after its elliptical/lenticular stages?
Yes. One can say those other forms are simply transitional, and theoretically all galaxies could eventually return to spirals if given enough time between collisions.
I think it would make for a cool science fiction story about the Milky Way colliding with Andromeda and two galactic civilizations battling for dominance during the merger.
So I'm gonna assume that the bulge and bar are influenced by the spin and event horizon of Sag. A, which in turn influences the spin and direction of the entire galaxy. I can see how the tidal forces would allow things like this to take place during a collision with another smaller galaxy. Basically the small galaxy has enough force to avoid being completely obliterated while the larger galaxy's gravitational force induces star formation using particles from the foreign galactic gasses.
Ifwe’ve had so many collisions, then why is our central black hole so “small/light” compared to some other galaxies. There must be a lot of free floating black holes around then…
Some other commenter said Anton's explanation was loose, and the effect would need FEWER collisions to reproduce. But most people will simply accept the misuse because nonsense science is easy to produce. Nobody watches these videos for the truth, we watch them because we're too old for Dr. Suess!
6:48 One special Q? in which direction does our MilkyWayGalaxy rotate in reference to the geometry of the bowed arms? And is this Galaxy rotation corotating with the CentralBlackHole, maybe only offset by several degrees of precession? Could You research all the rotations of all the galaxies You present in Your Videos and show them correctly (not just arbitrarily)? Is there a preferential direction of rotations or is it 50%/50%, always referenced to the outward bow/curvature of the spiral arms?
We should be able to tell those components that arrived at the earth's surface by looking at asteroids today. Shouldn't we? Presuming that asteroids make up a decent sample of the primordial cloud.
Just think of it: The Standard Model has a swirling hole to govern the galaxies and provide angular momentum to its starry surroundings. ------- The bulges in galaxies are several thousand lightyear thick and still, the galactic centers theoretically are thought to be a kind of a "heavy massive 2D object" affecting the galactic rotating surroundings. ---- And if the "heavy black holes" aren´t making the galactic patterns, it´s all "galactic mergings and collissions" in the highly insufficient and directly wrong Standard Model.
My idea so I get to name it! What I mean is, no one has claimed it so I'm officially calling, "Dibs." Voyager 1 is now in the, "Milky Way's interstellar time" or "Mikey's Time." "V-ger's" message has sped up now that it's outside our Sun's, "Time Bubble," or, "Terran Time." It will be faster, still, when "V-ger" sends a message from beyond the Milky Way's time bubble. Then there's Outside the Local Group time bubble. So on and so on until we get outside any influence and into the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." Or, "T.I..." ;-P Now that "V-ger" is outside our Sun's reach, in interstellar space, it's now in the Milky Way's faster moving, Interstellar Time or "Mikey's Time." This can be proven by turning off everything except its clock and transmitter. Have "V-ger" read time for as long as possible. They WILL show the flow of time speeds up the further away you get from any celestial bodies. Until you reach the Milky Way's time standard or "Mikey's Time." •Our sun's time bubble: "Terran Time" we know and have measured. In a lifetime, our head is one second younger than our feet. •Milky Way's time bubble or "Mikey's Time." The rate/flow of TIME outside any influence but within the Milky Way: We just got there and are still figuring what the difference is. Wild guess I'd say time will increase in speed, now and until V-ger is outside the Ort cloud. •Local Group's time bubble or the rate/flow of time outside of any influence but within the Local Group: Name still open and unknown. Wild guess .08 P-22% to a couple seconds faster, maybe. Used just for reference. •Outside any influence in the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." (or T.I...) ;-P This name is NOT up for grabs. The rate/flow of time is fastest here. (Time flows fastest here so it's best to use a motor boat and hold tight. Always applies when you're in T.I....) ;-P A minute is a minute in all. It's the rate/flow I'm talking about. Heck, rivers of time flowing differently might explain dark energy and dark matter. The Milky Way's Interstellar Time Standard will be known as, "Mikey's Time." Pass it on, please and thank you.
Believe it or not. I met a person who just graduated from high school, that thought black holes were actually holes, and not an object of super dense matter. I quit high school (I did get my diploma though, so be gentle lol). And I was always affraid that I was an idiot, or was ignorant about everything. When you actually find out that's just not the case. A huge relief came over me lol. It just blew my mind that someone didn't understand what a black hole actually is. And I'm certain there are millions that have no clue about anything in deep space or anything in our night sky. Sad to know this truth and really sad to know there are epeople that do not want their kids to learn these facts.
Nobody really knows what a black hole is, even though we know they exist, and some of what they do. The willful neglect of education, along with the deliberate witholding of adequate funding has made for unnecessary ignorance in many students. Like you, MetaliccaAlabama, those people who choose to learn will find a way to do so. Perhaps even by becoming interested in Anton!
Nice, sharing w/ comments. Aligns best with Pearlman YeC SPIRAL cosmological redshift hypothesis and mode. Hyper-dense proto-galactic formation 'thousands not billions' of years ago. Reference/follow SPIRAL's 'HTP' and ''Black Hole illusion resolution' hypotheses.
![Journey to the Andromeda Galaxy [4K]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-ybiXR2WCFQ/mqdefault.jpg)
And now for something everyone expected: Anton Petrov continuing to be the most wonderful person
Dude, your library of content must compete with anyone on this platform. Definitely amount x quality I really think you’ve got everyone beat. Who else can give this king run for his money? I’m talking “what the math” back in the day till now.
Could you imagine the view of the Milky Way from a planet in one of those star streams? 😮
Just dropped 3 viles of liquid LSD. I'll let you know what it looks like. 😂
Imagine traveling trillions of light years and waiting trillions of years more to see the entire universe’s entropy and arrow of time, were orbiting some other unknown with its own Scientific history. Dream big
@@rezadaneshilet us know how the rest of your trip goes
@@oberonpanopticon don’t hold your breath unless you have a helium balloon but I’ll be sure to update you in a couple of trillion years. Do you want me to get you anything?
@@rezadaneshi ya can you pick me up a theory of everything, a solution to the Fermi paradox, a costco hotdog and an answer to the hard problem of consciousness on your way there
cheers m8
TY Anton for the latest news about our own galactic neighborhood. Just spinning happily along.
You did a super good job on this one, Anton. Keep it up!
Thanks Anton you Wonderful Person !
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 🙏🙂
thanks for the information anton. it's fascinating
Thank you for the new details about our galaxy, Anton!
Great video!
So this is what i learned so far:
In the inner core of the Milky Way a few kiloparsecs (around 10,000 light-years radius) is a dense concentration of mostly old stars in a roughly spheroidal shape called the Bulge, with the Central Bar out to the sides. In the Core In the center of the Milky Way is a super massive black hole Sagittarius A 4.2 solar masses that spins very fast, with a nearby second black hole 40x smaller.
The Milky Way consists of a Bulge and a Bar-shaped core region surrounded by a warped disks of gas, dust and stars. There is the older low population Thick Disk and a high population Thin Disk of younger stars and star formation [the Thin Disk especially is being pulled down by the Magellanic clouds dwarf galaxies below the Bulge’s center]. The Milky Way is now a barred spiral galaxy, the inner disk of the Milky Way is organized into two or more cloudy/dusty Spiral Arms due to magnetic field of the Galaxy. Recent info is that these Arms are more fuzzy/hairy with breaks that was thought. Two big Spiral Arms, the Scutum-Centaurus arm and the Carina-Sagittarius arm, have tangent points inside the Sun's orbit about the center of the Milky Way. Secondary Arms are: Near 3 kpc Arm and Perseus Arm, Norma and Outer arm along with extension. The warped Thin Disk with more smaller ripples/corrugation is caused by collisions, especially with Sagittarius Dwarf galaxy.
Two sets of two large (half the galaxy) elliptical lobe structures of cosmic ray & energetic plasma/bubbles, which emit gamma- and X-rays, were detected astride the Milky Way galaxy's core off its poles. The cosmic ray/gamma ray Fermi & larger plasma/X-ray eROSITA bubbles were guided by galactic magnetism; but the bubbles cause is uncertain, although most guesses are the Fermi bubbles came from the Sagittarius A* black hole, while the eROSITA bubbles came from some super nova & star formation event. The Milky Way galaxy has some small magnetic field at present, but in the past it may have been stronger.
About two-thirds of the Milky Way’s estimated 100 billion stars reside in the Disks, and these all move in direct orbits with the Disk rotation. Most of the remaining older third are in the football-shaped central Bulge/Bar, and while their orbits are more varied, on average they too are direct. A few percent of our galaxy’s stars occupy a vast, ellipsoid Stellar Halo which is not aligned with the Disk on the inside changing to a sphere on the outside. These stars travel on randomly distributed orbits - accordingly, half are direct and half retrograde to the disk rotation. Although there are Stellar Streams from old collisions in the Halo.
About 40% of the Milky Way's globular clusters are on retrograde orbits, which means they move in the opposite direction from the Milky Way rotation. The globular clusters can follow rosette orbits about the Milky Way, in contrast to the elliptical orbit of a planet around a star. Many are in the Halo in the Stellar Streams.
In addition to the stellar halo scientist have provided evidence that there is a vast gaseous/dark matter Outer Halo with a large amount of hot gas. The Halo extends for millions of light-years, much farther than the Stellar Halo and contains the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The mass of this hot Outer Halo is nearly equivalent to the mass of the Milky Way with all its other parts itself. Towards Andromeda galaxy [which has its own Outer Halo] the Outer Halos are already touching.
There are other associations of Dwarf Galaxies inside the Outer Halo heading inward toward the Milky Way [50+].
The local Void, a vast ‘desert’ of nothing, is behind our Milky Way opposite the side we on Earth are on.
corrections requested.
cut back on the sugar
If the stars are close to the black hole and are only 100,000 years old, would they experience some sort of time dilation? Having a hard time thinking about how this would work out.
They would, depending on how fast they're moving around the black hole.
Short version:
• The closer to the speed of light you're moving, the quicker it'd seem for you to travel from point A to point B. If you had to travel somewhere 10ly away at speeds very close to the speed of light, the travel time for you would be less than 10 years (past a certain threshold). Instantaneous if you _were_ traveling at the speed of light.
• If you were on an elliptical orbit around a black hole and your perigee's close enough to the event horizon, it'd seem like you skipped forward in time a bit once you got back to apogee. The closer the perigee to the event horizon, the larger the time skip.
I would argue the galaxy is bigger than 100,000 light years but yeah our galaxy is so massive we can only begin to imagine how many stars are in this galaxy.
Those stars close to a black hole will definitely have acute time dilation. Meaning to slow down. If they don’t get sucked into even horizon. I wouldn’t be surprised if those stars lasted much longer than usual because of dilation slowing down processes of change/development.
@@alcor4670
Smarty pants!
Very impressive, my dear.
Gravitational time dilation decreases at 1÷d² (i.e. it follows the inverse square law.) E.g. If the time dilation is 50% at distance d then at distance 10d it would be 1/100 or 0.01 or 1%.
I thought that a high spin of the central black hole actually indicates a relatively low-collision past. Peacefully absorbing lots of gas and dust leads to high spin, collisions lead to changes in spin due to differing angular momentums of the inputs. Dr Becky did a video about her analysis of simulations on this very topic.
Great video, Anton. Cheers, dude!
Thank you Anton!
Another possible explanation as to why Sagittarius A* spins faster than the M87 Black Hole is the angular momentum of collisions and incoming matter flow. In a recent video you revealed that M87 Black Hole's accretion disk is misaligned with the spin of the black hole, implying it had a relatively recent collision with a large amount of mass that came in at an angle very offset with the spin. Physics tells us such a collision may actually reduce a Black Hole's spin. Whereas Sagittarius A*' has just been chilling on a "low carb diet" for the past several billion years, meaning nothing has majorly disrupted its accretion disk, so it could be that it's fast spin is from gradual accretion of angular momentum from its own modest accretion disk rather than from major collisions.
I love the idea that the universe was seeded with life over a period of millions of years in which space itself was at a temperature that allowed for liquid water. That in cosmic water life formed until the universe froze all the liquid water.
That is a neat idea.
Yeah, the probabilities are low in the transition areas for life to form over large regions. But possible if just one earth is in the right spot outside of the general heat periods. So I am hoping for reversing phases showing that a mixture (temp. included) could repeat its life forming ability according to this specified area's biggest attractor.
Thank you Anton.
Very interesting updates,thanks 👍😊
Amazing update!
13:00 So cool...
Stuff like this keeps me amazed that we puny little humans are capable of doing this kind of thing.
What really blows me away about the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy is that even though the Milky Way Galaxy has approximately 400 billion stars and the Andromeda Galaxy has approximately 1 trillion stars, the merging of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy a few billion years from now will cause pretty much no collisions between stars from both of those galaxies because both of those galaxies are mostly just empty space anyway despite both galaxies having a large number of stars.
I'm just amazed at the complex understanding of the structure of our galaxy today compared to my youth.
Thanks again Anton Petrov!
Thanks Anton!
Great video Anton, It's interesting what we have learned with space the past few years
It was so unexpected that the spanish inquisition came down knocking.
Accretion disk, "You spin me right round baby right round your black hole baby, right round, round, round!"
I started geeking out thanks to you and put on my FB what a KPC is and how many there are in our Milky Way. 30 from one side to the other.
The Milkyway has been searching for the Cereal galaxy for 13 billions years.
Riveting discoveries. Thanks for putting the information together.
It’s very cool to think how much we advance everyday as a species we are always learning so much scientific community can have many controversies but when it comes down to it it’s a very positive community it’s a good escape from a lot of the horrible things in society
Amen!
It’d be nice if they could make up there mind if the galaxy is 100K ( 90,000 or up to the 150-180 lightyears across) it’s constantly changing between the two sizes .
The size of the galaxy is kind of difficult to place firm constraints on... How does one define exactly where the edge of a somewhat amorphous object is? 🤷♂️
Love the RNA stuff! Thanks for your usual great video! ;)
Read "The Stairway to Life" written by a PhD in biochemistry and you will understand why it doesn't matter if there are some 'building blocks' of life because abiogenesis is sanely impossible (but possible using Imaginary Science)
Not with that attitude! Just hammer enough Starstuff™together until the universe is screaming your name.
Perfect video, best ever. Please amaze us with more
All those galaxies mixing with one another sharing their unique characteristics. If we could only physically gather all the information of each exchange and what life was created. Hopefully one day we will gain that ability.
My head is also spinning. This has got to be the best astronomical education ever.
Milky Way, "Everybody taking swings at The King, but I'm still here!"
Spontaneous symmetry breaking requires negative squared mass. SMBH’s fill that role nicely.
Good evening Mr Petrov,
You mention something in this video that I've just recently become aware of: "spin dragging."
Whereas I have no doubt someone has already investigated it and discarded it, but then again, maybe not, so I'll just bring up an idea that crossed my mind when finding out about spin dragging.
It occurrs to me that if the mass of spinning black holes drags around a lot of space, it seems like all spinning massive objects would do the same, to some extent.
Is it possible that the collective spin of billions of stars - not to mention any planets they might have around them - as well as the spin of any galaxy that contains them - enhances greatly the effect of gravity on and amongst all of them, sort of like a lens intensifies the light that passes through it. It shouldn't take Einstein to get what I'm driving at here.
If on the other hand, it hasn't caught the attention or imagination of the professional astronomers and physicists, who have devoted a lifetime of study, I might suggest it's something to investigate. True, compared to those who have spent lifetimes investigating astrophysical phenomena, I know nothing at all. On the other hand, it might be that once in a while, an uninitiated wanderer can see the forest in which all the foresters are on a first-name basis with each of the trees in that forest.
Just wonderin'
Thank you.
Hello wonderful Anton.
Four hundred years of observation to 9 billion years of existence seems like a very large extrapolation?
What grease did you use on the shoes for the parking brake?
Love forensic astronomy!
Sagitarius A*, overclocked spinning kitchen blender goes BRRRRRRR
Thanks!
Do most physicists agree that black holes are simply super dense spheres of mass not unlike neutron stars whose neutrons are touching neutrons with no apparent motion, black holes have another level of gravity and density that has the quarks and gluons pressed together with no remaining apparent motion or vibrations at all that have become dense enough that their event horizon diameter exceeds the sphere’s diameter, going black from our view?
I think Einstein's wrong, that time is constant and that dark matter is the limiting factor to the speed of light. I think it’s not 'space-time' bending but rather gravitational and dark matter density variations.
I love to see the research papers you used to come up with this!
Nah, only mathematicians think that. Real scientists know you create spin by moving energy through something, and dark matter is the energy. They observed the energy via its magnetic fields connecting the Sun to every planet up to Jupiter thus far. This makes the cosmic web and CMBR. Mathematicians don't have a magic variable for it yet, but I imagine an electrical engineer will write a letter of the alphabet down for them sometime soon to calm their collective ADHD.
Our lovely Galaxy
Hello wonderful Anton
IRS 13 is maintaining its youthful vigour by taking portions of energy from the others areas around it…
This explains so much especially why the Earth is so special in the Solar System or atleast I think, maybe not but it still explains so much.
Amazing we can virtually piece together groups of galaxies and figure out ancient universe history.
Brilliant stuff!
Sometimes I enjoy a Mars bar & other times a Milky Way.
Hey Anton, thank you for the video!
Black Holes are not only the center of mass (highest concentration of mass versus any other equal space) but the barycenter of the galaxy, forcing all forms of energy to bind to its gravitational influence. Of course this is assuming our science is right. It still possible that everything we know is correct but only within a specific paradigm of thinking (unitizing the collective mass to divide into tiny packages) whose predications are still expanding, challenged, or unanswered.
I'm not claiming our science is wrong, or that I'm a Flat Earther/Electric Universe theorist. I am satisfied (for now) with modern science; I just feel it renders the 'soul' out of the universe. Biocentrism is the study of life and consciousness and it challenges physio-chemical paradigm theories. Quantum mechanical determinism (physically, the slit-experiment) is a strong evidentiary assertion for the existence of a soul; the collapse of a wave under observation into a particle is a simple, basic function of consciousness. Physical Science explains consciousness as a side-effect of the brain's functionality through the processing, analyzing, and value assessment of data coupled with the base reactionary response of 'fight or flight', and that the higher-functioning of the brain assesses risks before action. These are simplified views of something that produces tear-jerking music, hilarious comedy, or inspiring ideas. Calling the heart a 'blood-pumping organ that generates an electric current to the brain' is also simplified, since that same current generates an electromagnetic field that the 6.5 billion magnetite crystals of the brain delicately manipulate to alter data for that processing. Nowhere in there is WHY.
Black holes are a part of the exact same system that created the stars necessary to explode into nebulas that made new stars to explode into new nebulas that collapsed into our Sun and planets, and the same material to mix around for billions of years to create us. Just to observe and see that our observation changes the universe itself. Truly having a soul is a wondrous thing, like we are focal points of the universe itself. Those same black holes stick around continuing that process of mixing.
The entire universe is like a body, and we are subatomic particles to it just as electrons are to us. Fractals.
tHANKS, interesting as always
Something came to mind when you mention stellar streams because watching the video from ESA about the first images from the new Euclid telescope. Euclid is charged with studying the relationships between galaxies to investigate dark matter and dark energy but one of the cosmologists happened to talk about how galaxies form at the junctions between filaments of the intergalactic web, so areas where concentrations of matter occur. So galaxy clusters forming at the same time according to the available mass. My guess would be that a galaxy forming in isolation might end up with a cohesive gravitation form, whereas a galaxy coming together in an area where others are competing for space and matter is more likely to experience collisions, disrupting a neat gravitational form and in extreme creating a form so knocked about as to appear as an amorphous blob
Imagine the sky during an active collision. Like a random star crossing between our sun and a close neighbor. That would be so weird and cool at the same time. And most probably also a rather bad sign, due to the turmoil such a passage might stir in the outer regions of our solar system.
Anton! ❤
Life is everywhere !
Milky way’s hungry eating all of those other galaxies. Sounds like a confectionary firm takeover
This just highlights how little we really know, and how some things that we do know, are covered up. I'm waiting to see how the general population reacts when they realize we have visitors stopping by.
RNA last hours before decomposing. This is why the Pfizer vaccine had to be stored at -80°F just prior to use. So having time works against RNA longevity. This does nothing to address the information.
Excellent stimulating thoughts caused by Anton. Is it possible Traveling in a universe that is spinning in its expansion making every photon take a curved path while waving, to become our default setting for the shortest path, and since we have to collapse it to observe it, we assuming a “straight” path; then when we add the stand alone gravitational lensing amplified by that universal curvature, could it be why it’s appearing as if we need more mass for that outcome?
No.
@@oberonpanopticon You have convinced me
@@rezadaneshi 😂😂😂
@@rezadaneshiYou’re welcome.
But no, the universe definitely doesn’t seem to be rotating, it wouldn’t make much sense for it to be. Everything _in it_ is rotating in pretty much random directions, so overall it all kinda cancels out.
What really blows me away about the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy is that even though the Milky Way Galaxy has approximately 400 billion stars and the Andromeda Galaxy has approximately 1 trillion stars, the merging of the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy a few billion years from now will cause pretty much no collisions between stars from both of those galaxies because both of those galaxies are mostly just empty space anyway despite both galaxies having a large number of stars.
Sounds like all these galaxies were in a big bar fight.
Would it be possible to destroy a black hole by making it spin too fast?
Could SR13 be seen as a few hundred thousand years old but captured millions of years ago? Due to relativistic twisting of the space time around the black hole, causing the system to "age" extremely slowly compared to other clusters nearby? This stuff not only twists time and space but also imaginations. Cool stuff.
That is not how the dimension of duration works
Anton for president!
Anton is the best! Adult version of Bill Nye, it's Anton the Science guy!
Nye is an over hyped hack.
So how can we know what it will look like in 5 billion years when we aren’t exactly sure what it looks like now ?
imagine the scale. we are talking billion years here. time indeed goes by, so slowly
So are stars gonna form from nirtriles? 4:49 how does that work?
4 to 5 billion years until a collision of both galaxy's from today? Cool! I'll mark my calendar!
I was kinda hoping for a video on all the brand new Euclid pictures released, but I know ones coming.
God is in the center of the galaxy and wants a starship. "What does God need with a starship?"
Pondering what the night skies will look like during the galaxy collision.
Amazing how much we've learned in the past 100 years.
Is it possible our Sun was part of some other galaxy that was captured by the Milky Way 2 or 3 billion years ago?
It's possible, but not likely. Our Sun's orbit around the center of the galaxy seems pretty regular. If it were a captured object, one might expect the orbit to be more inclined and eccentric. It's difficult to be absolutely sure, but not likely.
If we could map out both galaxies perfectly, we could predict exactly when and where the earth will end up or any other objects in either galaxy.
Easy peasy, lemon 🍋 squeazy.
If super massive black holes are Bose Einstein condensates, condensed electron stripped protium cold fused via space vacuum, then the graviton would be a dark wave gluing mass together, like the gluon. A dark boson, whose particle state is the glue. Quantum entanglement retained through decay of the boson into further interaction of subsequent particles.
NOICE video and ayeeeooooo bringin up RNA, makin sure your viewers get a daily dose of bio brain too. mmmm the only way i like my bio info is subtle and layered deep into topics I actually enjoy. Sneaky, I like it. Also, not gona lie, tickled my religious heartBrain(black holes actually always do) but when a good ol pocket of potential building block of DunNuh(DNA, silly zootopia ref) is chillin and we are still so lucky to have it, even less so FIND A BIT floatin around and us still be soo rare. I LOVE it.
Is it possible that the galaxy formed from the collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda would eventually reform into a spiral galaxy after its elliptical/lenticular stages?
Yes. One can say those other forms are simply transitional, and theoretically all galaxies could eventually return to spirals if given enough time between collisions.
I think it would make for a cool science fiction story about the Milky Way colliding with Andromeda and two galactic civilizations battling for dominance during the merger.
It's starting already I believe??
@@patriciaguenzler9150 Yeah it's on its way. Just a few billion more years.
That is a good idea.
I hope it ends in both sides teaming together and doing damage control for the future generations
@@drew-horst Same.
So I'm gonna assume that the bulge and bar are influenced by the spin and event horizon of Sag. A, which in turn influences the spin and direction of the entire galaxy. I can see how the tidal forces would allow things like this to take place during a collision with another smaller galaxy. Basically the small galaxy has enough force to avoid being completely obliterated while the larger galaxy's gravitational force induces star formation using particles from the foreign galactic gasses.
How did life start? No one knows. We are not even close to knowing.
My brother I will be your wingman and show you the way.
Ifwe’ve had so many collisions, then why is our central black hole so “small/light” compared to some other galaxies. There must be a lot of free floating black holes around then…
Some other commenter said Anton's explanation was loose, and the effect would need FEWER collisions to reproduce. But most people will simply accept the misuse because nonsense science is easy to produce. Nobody watches these videos for the truth, we watch them because we're too old for Dr. Suess!
Lets cruise the dust lane, towards the budge, hit the bar. 🍻
6:48 One special Q? in which direction does our MilkyWayGalaxy rotate in reference to the geometry of the bowed arms? And is this Galaxy rotation corotating with the CentralBlackHole, maybe only offset by several degrees of precession?
Could You research all the rotations of all the galaxies You present in Your Videos and show them correctly (not just arbitrarily)? Is there a preferential direction of rotations or is it 50%/50%, always referenced to the outward bow/curvature of the spiral arms?
We should be able to tell those components that arrived at the earth's surface by looking at asteroids today. Shouldn't we? Presuming that asteroids make up a decent sample of the primordial cloud.
Just think of it: The Standard Model has a swirling hole to govern the galaxies and provide angular momentum to its starry surroundings.
-------
The bulges in galaxies are several thousand lightyear thick and still, the galactic centers theoretically are thought to be a kind of a "heavy massive 2D object" affecting the galactic rotating surroundings.
---- And if the "heavy black holes" aren´t making the galactic patterns, it´s all "galactic mergings and collissions" in the highly insufficient and directly wrong Standard Model.
My idea so I get to name it! What I mean is, no one has claimed it so I'm officially calling, "Dibs." Voyager 1 is now in the, "Milky Way's interstellar time" or "Mikey's Time."
"V-ger's" message has sped up now that it's outside our Sun's, "Time Bubble," or, "Terran Time." It will be faster, still, when "V-ger" sends a message from beyond the Milky Way's time bubble. Then there's Outside the Local Group time bubble. So on and so on until we get outside any influence and into the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." Or, "T.I..." ;-P
Now that "V-ger" is outside our Sun's reach, in interstellar space, it's now in the Milky Way's faster moving, Interstellar Time or "Mikey's Time." This can be proven by turning off everything except its clock and transmitter. Have "V-ger" read time for as long as possible. They WILL show the flow of time speeds up the further away you get from any celestial bodies. Until you reach the Milky Way's time standard or "Mikey's Time."
•Our sun's time bubble: "Terran Time" we know and have measured. In a lifetime, our head is one second younger than our feet.
•Milky Way's time bubble or "Mikey's Time." The rate/flow of TIME outside any influence but within the Milky Way: We just got there and are still figuring what the difference is. Wild guess I'd say time will increase in speed, now and until V-ger is outside the Ort cloud.
•Local Group's time bubble or the rate/flow of time outside of any influence but within the Local Group: Name still open and unknown. Wild guess .08 P-22% to a couple seconds faster, maybe. Used just for reference.
•Outside any influence in the, "True Interstellar Time Standard." (or T.I...) ;-P This name is NOT up for grabs. The rate/flow of time is fastest here. (Time flows fastest here so it's best to use a motor boat and hold tight. Always applies when you're in T.I....) ;-P
A minute is a minute in all. It's the rate/flow I'm talking about. Heck, rivers of time flowing differently might explain dark energy and dark matter.
The Milky Way's Interstellar Time Standard will be known as, "Mikey's Time."
Pass it on, please and thank you.
Believe it or not. I met a person who just graduated from high school, that thought black holes were actually holes, and not an object of super dense matter. I quit high school (I did get my diploma though, so be gentle lol). And I was always affraid that I was an idiot, or was ignorant about everything. When you actually find out that's just not the case. A huge relief came over me lol. It just blew my mind that someone didn't understand what a black hole actually is. And I'm certain there are millions that have no clue about anything in deep space or anything in our night sky. Sad to know this truth and really sad to know there are epeople that do not want their kids to learn these facts.
Nobody really knows what a black hole is, even though we know they exist, and some of what they do.
The willful neglect of education, along with the deliberate witholding of adequate funding has made for unnecessary ignorance in many students.
Like you, MetaliccaAlabama, those people who choose to learn will find a way to do so. Perhaps even by becoming interested in Anton!
The singularity, even being "2D ring-shaped", looks like a hole.
Please do a video about kepler 385 Anton! 🙏
Could there be planets further out?
Cant wait to watch this :)
Isn't it a bit odd that all those star streams in that 3D visualization look like they're orbiting around OUR sun's position?
What is "the brick" @3:55 on the map?
hello wonderful person
RNA completely by accident sounds wrong. Like a super nova is completely a accident?
Correct. Literally everything is created by random collisions and hot copium gas.
That's a lot of extra mass
Love me some a Anton.
Nice, sharing w/ comments. Aligns best with Pearlman YeC SPIRAL cosmological redshift hypothesis and mode. Hyper-dense proto-galactic formation 'thousands not billions' of years ago. Reference/follow SPIRAL's 'HTP' and ''Black Hole illusion resolution' hypotheses.