Which is the Strongest Steel Bridge Design? Hydraulic Press Test!
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- Опубликовано: 29 сен 2024
- Which is the strongest steel bridge design? We had design competition where our viewers designed their own steel bridge designs that we laser cut out from structural steel sheet and then tested with 40 ton press and 150 ton force sensor.
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Bridge building rules!
UPDATE! We have already more than enough bridges so don't send any more :D I am going to open new competition when these bridges are tested
Download competition files from here drive.google.c...
The .stl file is maximum size/dimensions for bridge's sides/supports structures. There is going to be two of those and 30mm wide road surface between those two. Side supports are going to be probably 2 mm thick and road surface 4 mm. I might change those if necessary to get reasonable results.
Modify the .stl file in a way that you keep the holes that are used to connect the road surface to support structures in their original place. Also don't change the distance between surfaces that touch the support sturcture that is holding the bridge on it's place. Check the .pdf file to see where those are located.
There isn't any maximum weight or surface area for side structures but the result of each bridge is going to be divided by mass of the bridge to get the points of design. So light and strong is the way to go! Bridges are going to be weight with road surface installed.
Winner is going to win again some HPC merch from our merch store.
Do not try this at home!! or at any where else!!
Music Thor's Hammer-Ethan Meixell
Hey do you like the new background fabric for mini press? It was over 100€ and Anni thought it was too expensive but I think it's nice :D Maybe I should even add the high voltage signs there to match large press. Now it looks bit too much like green screen so some dangers signs and dirt would probably make it more authentic :D
Yes
Looks great and now we can make it look like a bridge over a volcano, thanks lauri
I think you should add pictures of your cats on it
You can 'green screen' some cool background into the video!
555555555555555
Reminds me of first-year civil engineering class! Looks like fun. I remember doing something very similar, not with steel but with popsicle sticks. I will never forget how important the horizontal members were. This is not always obvious, as the load is applied vertically, but as you can see in this video, without horizontal support, the bridge will fail due to twisting/buckling.
Polybridge 2 looks almost like real life bridges
Maybe they should do a separate gaming channel/BTP playlist for construction/puzzle games. Could be interesting.
Haha
Designing bridges on the atomic level. It's amazing how far technology has come.
maybe have a competition who makes the best bridge in polybridge2, and the top 3 winners battle off with a real scale reproduction being crushed by the press.
Polybridge is what you choose as an example for a category of games that's been a thing for at least 20 years? That's sad.
And Polybridge 2 releases in 4 days, May 28th, so bad choice since there's videos and screenshots of the game already.
All in all, fully failed comment.
Well, as always another satisfying press video, but there needs to be a bit of fact checking:
1) Bridges are not designed to take a single point load in the middle, but a combination of uniformly distributed loads of the bridge's self weight, wind, eartquakes, as well as external factors such as the maximum amount of vehicles at one time, the effect of temperature and humidity on the material.
2) the strongest design is not necessarily the best, in reality, an engineer has to take into account weight saving, durability, cost and "do-ability of the design": sure, a bunch of wacky, curved and complex grid of beams could be effective, but what would be the price and implications to manufacture and assemble that structure? It might be a bit heavier and less effective, but simple beams in a triangular frame is much cheaper and faster to set-up.
3) yes, you really need to weld the ends of the bridge, I doubt any realistic bridge is simply supported at the ends, or if it is, the loads are small enough to prevent the ends from deflecting.
Overall, this test is not very realistic and I don't think that you are getting any interesting results...
Excellent idea for HPC content! More please.
Folding the edges at the top and the bottom of metal sheets, helps postponing lateral buckling to start.
You've done a great job of listening to feedback, and this was a much better evaluation of span strength. Watching the top girders warp made me wonder what would happen with just a piece of small drill-rod welded on the top corners to connect sides would do to the strength? Perhaps that's what you meant with your comment. Keep it coming - this is the most interesting thing to me you've done on your channel!
5:02 Totally a reference to Samus's ship from Super Metroid
To the structural engineers out there, would I be correct in thinking the ideal design for these constraints (no out-of-plane support, simply supported beam in essence, point load at centre with failure mode requiring bending moment resistance) would be a simple I-beam (with flanges vertical) dimensioned so to have flange length equal to 'roadway' width?
Great video thx!
For round two, can you pre-bend pieces you cut out if it's specified in the design? This would allow for more complex geometry.
Well, yea, the more solid metal structures took more load, than the truss-grider ones. However one has to consider more dynamic loads on bridges (they tend to be much longer), caused the summed forces of traffic, wind, etc. Also how to manufacture the parts of it, transport and assemble on site. I imagine while they would not prove be significantly more resilient, their building und upkeep costs would be much much more
Seeing the results of this I think you would do well to make a bridge that had a half round structure below with teeth on it so that when it folds It folds into a boat shape.
An arch bridge design would be strongest. The road needs to be solidly supported underneath in the middle, not just at the sides above the road.
Steel is more malleable and I think you should give 3rd support between 2 side planes so it can withstand more load.
They're all warping due to lateral torsional buckling, which happens in real life with real I-beams as well if you overload them.
Cross-members at the nodal points will help prevent this and give a stronger design but the other designs should be retried with similar cross members to make it fair.
I guess for a fun project, not really meaningful though. Not representative of an actual bridge anyway for functional purposes. Limited materials, no full scale bridge would be made of solid sheets. Fastener types and locations play into creating or avoiding weaknesses in the structure, the mating surface structure at either end. This test stressed basic downward force but not uneven loading, ground shift, earthquake (if applicable), wind sheers, or a host of other things that need to be taken into account. I mean if looking toward goals for actual bridge design. In addition to what was already mentioned (ie no cross bracing, the limits and pitfalls of the steel ibeam etc).
Maybe also compare the deflection before yield.
You need that bottom support because that’s the point for some of them
The alien design represents the fabled "Chupacabras".
Except the last one, which wasn’t really a bridge but a deck on its own, EVERY SINGLE OF THEM failed due to buckling.
Hmm, I don't want to be picky here, but shouldn't "kg force for every kg of bridge" be the same number as "lbs force for every lbs of bridge"? The actual value of one unit per unit would cancel out.
Have a happy Quarantine days😜😜😜
Crossmembers for these: Just add 'ears' to the side pieces, bend them inwards 90 degrees and tack in the middle where they butt together. Why have extra cutting work when 30 seconds in a vise and a tack weld would suffice?
Every time I watch a video like this, I can't help but wonder why we in the US refuse to adopt the metric system.
Easter eggs are the aliens and cows from South Park
Sides should be thicker and attached across for a more realistic design.
I love Finland way too much for only having ancestry there and never visiting
Something seems wrong with the numbers for kgf/kg and lbf/lb. Those numbers should be the same since the units are on both sides of the ratio and should cancel out.
I love how the UFO abducting a cow turned into a melted smile face.
Daniel G or a Halloween pumpkin head
Cow? I thought that was Prudence the Safety Goat.
Series 1 South Park?
I thought it was a moose
yes definitely season one south park reference where ufos abducted cows
Cool concept :-) Seems like a lot of the designs went for support downwards agains the walls of the "valley", which was defeated by the T-beam support.
Yea, I'd actually watch this again with the support welded in but the same bridges so you can see how important (or not, design depending) that side bracing is.
Yea I would have liked to see some side walls for supporting the substructure. Some of those would have performed a little better. And maybe just a bit of cross bracing for the twisting
@@KalFx3 the itnerestign thign is.. the first palce too would have profited fro mthat quite a bit so... ye
good design :P
Ya, I don't even think he'd necessarily need to weld supports to the designs if he just changed the walls of the valley like he suggested.
Yeah, can we get a redo?
"Honey, I won't be able to get home today."
"Is it that giant hydraulic press again?"
"Yeah it took out all the bridges."
Prittsess
lol
Just fly home.
It's sad that some bridges relied on holding onto the sides of the ravine, but then tge ravine didn't have sides. That would have been an important information for the designers
yeah i thought the same that was not fair
I really enjoy testing videos like this one. A++
1990's: " CARS WILL FLY IN THE FUTURE"
2020: **Watches random items get crushed on the internet.
Progress!
did you go back to the 1920s for that dead meme?
Yeah so this is awesome buuuuuut putting it on a T-beam kinda ruins the design for a lot of these
yeah the supports underneath have little surface to lean on on and they pivot on the t. some of those bridges might have lasted a couple hundreds kgs more
Jup, also in real life, the shape of the mountain is not a T-beam
While that might usually be a good point, it's not like the people designing the bridges for this were unaware of how it was going to be tested. They've even done this once already.
Kinda their own fault for not designing around it honestly.
@@SexySkeletons69 Well to be honest, all the other bridge videos used something that did allow for these designs to be effective. The plastic ones also made use of bracing against the sides and they tested all of thise in ways that worked with that design.
So i think its perfectly reasonable to guys who made this assumed a similar set-up.
You shouldn't be measuring the maximum force. The force when the bridge starts bending is more representative.
SwordQuake if you watch the video all of the bridges start to bend at or near their maximum level of force. As soon as they start to bend the force goes down because it’s no longer a solid object allowing the press to build pressure.
@@01gtbdaily30 The winning bridge spiked in resistance after it began to bend.
He is measuring the yield point of the bridge. Where it starts bending is not important. Where the bridge is permanently deformed (yield point) is the point of failure. All bridges deform all the time, but the bridge is strong enough to take those deformations and spring back. Remember, everything moves all the time, it is just a matter of magnitude.
@@mikemhz yeah the winner started to bend at 1980kg and went up to 3160kg something.
Nah, its good to measure their ultimate stress, plastic region for the win.
Great video! It would also be interesting to see with cross-members in order to limit the sideways bending of the steel. I would expect the loading to increase significantly.
I was just thinking the same thing. Box construction would be much stronger.
I'm not sure it will make much difference It will only drag the other side over which is already on the limit. A good return flange on the tops of the main sides will help more......I reckon.
Like he says in the video... There are multiple comments that's practically the same as yours. Are people/you just such idiots that they can't understand what he's saying or are they/you dumb enough to comment a thing like that before watching the whole video?
Really nice to see physics in action. As lauri said though it's always failing by the twisting so it's clear that cross support would make a big difference. For that they need to design in 3d. And that would be harder to make.
It would be fun to see curved roads as well.
No need to 3d print just drill a few holes and add a bunch of threaded shafts with nuts.
These are not really supporting elements, they are just there to keep the supporting elements in place.
Make the tabs from the road run right along to the ends, major weakness only having road-tabs in the middle of bridge
"She's out of tune so we have to deal with her"
Next level of burn, straight from Lauri, he's like the new Gordon Ramsay of savage.
After that display, he's probably being recruited to save Violin-chan right now.
Summary of what we learned so far:
1. Test each design on solid blocks and not t-beams.
2. Add cross braces in a standardized process
Agreed. It was pretty clear the moment he put any pressure on that the supports aren't actually under proper compression. They buckled sideways, which fundamentally changes the nature of the challenge.
I wasn't expecting the roadway on its own to be as weak as that. Great idea for a video and I'm looking forward to the next one!
I guess it's safe to say you have never played Polybridge
The ability of a cross section to support bending forces is related to its moment of inertia. Basically you want the cross section to have most of its area as far away from the horizontal axis as possible. A flat plate is pretty much the worst imaginable strength/mass ratio. Literally, it mathematically can't get any worse.
In structural engineering, "Truss" is a major concept.
if you connect the left and the right side of the bridge, like in real life, it will be much stronger 🧐🧐
6:20 is it reference to South Park?
Thought it might be too. Aliens abducting cows is of course a way older story but the designs match the ones from the episode(s)
I thought maybe X-Files, cause I seem to remember bridges and aliens, lol
Aliens are snuck into many episodes as Easter eggs on South Park too.
It's obvious
Only south park has put cows and aliens together
I think it's a goat, not a cow. The goat referring to their last name and the alien refers to their friend Sari/Sarpale, or that would be my guess.
The alien and cow are there because the bridge looks like a ufo
Suuggestion: You should add welding points all the way to the very ends of the bridge. Now many of them failed as the road piece bent freely upwards while the sides could bend out or fold unattached. That created an inherent weak point. The welded mid-section was generally stronger.
Only one "FIRST" is telling the truth...
6:48 My face when i take a really large poop
Hahahaha :))
I died from laughter
Thats good lol
also my face when I'm reading this comment whilst taking a poop
Great vid! Would be interesting to compare bridge designs using the same amount of steel!
Could of just made a solid one with no holes and it would have been the strongest. Lol
LMAO! Bass player. I love the extra content
Davie would not approve.
Glenn Fricker approves.
Try crushing square tubing of that length and width of the bridge as a bridge. It should stand a pretty good chance to take the top spot.
6:34 Reminds me of south park episode one.
The goat on the bridge is a reference to Lauri and Anni's last name, Vuohensilta, which more or less translates to "goat bridge." No idea on the alien
It's a cow my dude. Abducted by the alien. Notice the shape and design of the bridge itself is a UFO.
I’m trying to imagine the heavy truck crossing the bridges that’ll crush them in real life ...hahaha
maybe. But I’m no bridge expert so don’t take my words as complete fact but it’s because if it’s the exact bridges in the video made of the same steel, but bigger obviously, the trucks could crush it. It would need like cables, concrete and other materials to make it stronger and more stable. And the bridge would have to have the triangles because from what I heard, triangles in bridges are strong apparently. I could be wrong I could be right.
6:20 Sari's mothership?
Hello cheezbourgers
I remember when you first got the force sensors, now I can’t imagine a video without them!
could you do a video of crushing car engine pistons like petrol, diesel, forged pistons?
hypereutectic vs eutectic would be good to see even though I already know the outcome.
"A Strage Harvest", by Linda Moulton Howe will explain the easter eggs on the bridge.
I think there is a math error when you calculate pounds force per pound of bridge, it should be equal to kg force per kg bridge (divide both kg values by 2.216 pounds per kg).
Would be interesting with some bracing across the top to help with twisting.
I know this is not a completely "serious" video, but I came here just to read all the comments made by my fellow engineers complaining about it not being correct. I'm satisfied.
'She's out of tune'
HPC: so you have chosen...death
Would be interesting to se the same shapes tested with various fiber composites like Kevlar, fiberglass, and carbon fiber.
I think you made some error. If you divide force by weight, you get the same result independent of the units of force. It's just a ratio. The "pounds" calculations are incorrect.
Lauri, you're a natural born bridge engineer. Your analysis starting at 8:03 is exactly right (we actual bridge engineers call that behavior "out-of-plane bending" ), and your fixes are exactly what I was going to recommend. You can also leave some extra width in the diagonal member going from the support up to the top, and in the top horizontal member, and bend it into a 90-degree flange to give it some out-of-plane stiffness.
Should have asked Polybridge to sponsor this $$$$ then people could have tried to design their own even better bridges :)
Glad my design won! Thanks guys!
lol thats my design
Sorry to say that but this was a bad test. Most of the bridges were designed for support from the bottom. Why did you put them on that beam where that support had no effect whatsoever? Try to make the test more realistic, because people design these bridges expecting realistic simulation. Test them in the conditions they were designed for, so if the bridge was designed to be supported by the walls of the walley, you should put them on a solid block of steel that would give it the support, they are supposed to have and not on the I beam. Most single wault bridges bridges rely on the downward support, but you have made it absolutely void by using that beam. If you support them by solid block of steel, they will bear a lot more weight, because that's how they were designed.
I “truss” that you fixed the issues that people were complaining about in the last video.
Coffee, doughnut, BTP channel - now I’m ready for the day!
1:34
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9:11
Adding cross members on the bottom would double the strength of that bridges
The guy understands how to work a press, but not structural engineering. The whole concept of bridge design is maximizing your strength to weight ratio.
Try putting several steel rods like the one on the end ov the video on top of eachother.
I wish you would provide a summary chart. I think most people can't memorize all those numbers
6:20 Vuohensilta?
🐐 Goatbridge 🐐
And Sari the 👽?
I feel like the only thing being tested here is the force that the base plate can take with very little variability because there are no cross sections so they all bend outwords under the pressure..
Bass players are pretty dangerous! :)
Just ask Glenn Fricker.
I have to dispute the accuracy of the tests. The first test the (from my pov) left side bottom of the bridge was not butted up to the steel as the right side was. Failure occurred on the left side because there was no additional structural support. I believe test one was faulty. Same with test 2. This time the right side had the gap and the failure was exposed. Test 3 both ends had equal gap, and failure measured without bias. Acceptable test. Test 4 both ends with equal spacing to base. Acceptable test. Proper alignment/placing is everything when testing. I believe if tests 1 and 2 had equal contact to the base for the test, the results would be very different.
Good thing they're just for entertainment!
@@stephenbaretich7166 Back in the day of slide rules, engineers would test scaled models (like presented) in a similar manner. The testing had to be consistent to provide a glimpse of any potential design flaws. Now they can plug numbers into a computer and run accurate simulations via a screen.
Dear HPC the only issue I have with these test is that in real life designs bridges do not hang from the land but rather have supports where your tabs are on the sides, so wights in pressing down on pillars that go in an l shape at both ends of the bridges. for instance the smallest bridge you tested had two tabs sticking off the ends, but if instead it had those tabs made of thick pillars going under the bridge on both ends and setting on the ground I believe it would have preformed better as would have all these bridges. Basically all these bridges are only as strong as the tabs on both ends as you only need to put more force than the metal on those points can handle even if the rest of the bridge could have handled more.
so your bridges look like this _bridge_ when they should look more like this lbridgel where the l is sitting directly on a more solid structure the way they sit on the ground in real life.
You guys are the best!! Love your work 😁
I was waiting for this one!! Yaaay!
This is actually pretty cool
Something something steel beams something something jet fuel something something hydraulic press inside job something something.
Since there was an alien and UFO design, there should be a person in car design too
You're Finnish? I thought you were Dutch! That completely changes how I experience these videos. I will think more about this.
Change it how?
10:01
Winner: what do i win?
HPC: some meth from our meth store
Winner: ...
Try speaking his language first:)
before watching the vid, i have to say i love you guys!!!!
Just watching this to improve my Poly Bridge skills :-)
One of the biggest failures I see when in your Bridges is they have no upper or triangulated structures around the bracing going horizontal to connect both sides together with all the pressure you're putting on it they're folding and then you're one Bridge you laid the road onto the channel but the bridge itself had no support that bridge in reality would never be built because it has no structural bearing other than the road so the weight of the road is actually being hung down drug down by the weight of the bridge support if you would triangulate from your see Channel upwards at a 45 degree angle say 2 in and then at a 30 degree angle connect another structure cross beams all the way you would possibly get somewhere in the area about 8 to 10 tons mainly because you're putting weight down onto your upper support beams, you are twisting you wouldn't have no twist if they were connected horizontally or at least with more pressure before they would crumble. The lower Bridge support below the level of the road is nothing more than hanging weight from the road building up is where you get most of your strength unless of course you have a center position support beam which in most cases you would not it's actually pretty interesting
LOL that is funny I sent the message before I watched the entire video and your idea welding those supports is the best thing you can do
Awesome video 💜
And for today’s extra content: I’m a bass player. The groove is more important than being in tune or getting notes right. Please don’t crush me o.o 💜
Bridge engineers know which is the best, it has been studied for at least 4000 years
The bridge holding jig needs sides so that the parts hanging below the "street level" can have something to rest against. Nevermind I think you figured it out
I think this was flawed, alot of them had support forthe sides of the valleys.
Not flawed,just a different design. Real bridges aren't just a plank laying over a gap.they have support systems that transfer the load to the walls of the gap. Among other things
That UFO bridge was an Unidentified Folding Object.
I agree you should try welding sticks between the two sides so they hold together a little better like real bridges have connectors between the two sides
Have you guys done jack stands yet? I'd like to know if they can really support as much as they claim.
The jack stands have a safety factor on top of the claimed capacity, so they should do like 3-5x more if they are any good
Who knew the 2nd one was gonna be the strongest?? Cause of triangle?
wITHOUT THE CROSS SUPPORTS, i BELIEVE YOU MISS A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF STRENGTH
Is the alien and cow from South Park?