Changes of State | Matter | Physics | FuseSchool

Changes of State | Matter | Physics | FuseSchool
On Earth, materials exist in one of three main states of matter: solid, liquid or gas.
Materials can change between these states. When a state change occurs, a substance’s properties will also change. However, if the state change is reversed the substance will recover the properties it had to begin with. Matter can transition between the three states when heated or cooled. But why is heat key in all this?
When a material is heated, it absorbs heat energy. This additional energy can cause attractive forces between molecules to break. This leads to rearrangements of the particles because the attractive forces no longer hold them together as tightly. The same happens when a liquid is heated. The attractive forces between the molecules break, leading them to become more widely dispersed and a gas to form.
Do you know the difference between evaporation and boiling? Both are when a substance transforms from a liquid to a gas. Think of a boiling pan of water… all of the water bubbles. This is because all of the particles have enough energy to become gaseous. But water standing in a pan that is not being heated by anything other than the environment, can also turn into a gas - this is evaporation. Only the particles at the surface have enough energy to change from liquid to gas. Hence, evaporation is a slower process than boiling even though it achieves the same state change. Both are types of vaporisation.
The opposite of these vaporisation processes is condensation: the transition from gas to liquid. Think of a cold can of soda on a hot day - those water droplets on the outside. Or the dew on the grass in the morning. Or the steamed-up mirror after a hot bath. Even the clouds in the sky. Or a foggy windscreen on a car. These are all examples of condensation. Water vapour in the air has cooled down to form liquid droplets of water.
Now let’s think about the transitions between solids and liquids: so, melting and freezing. Think of the Arctic sea ice. In the summer when air temperatures are warmer, more heat energy is absorbed by the ice. This causes bonds to break between the ice’s water molecules and the ice starts to melt. The solid ice becomes liquid water. But in the winter, the air temperatures are colder and so seawater freezes and the ice starts to form again. There is less heat energy within the ice, and so more bonds can form, holding it together as solid ice
.
Did you know that sometimes when solids are heated they can turn straight into gases? This is called sublimation. This is only demonstrated by particular materials such as solid carbon dioxide (AKA ‘dry ice’). When subjected to a certain pressure it will turn straight into gaseous carbon dioxide. Liquid carbon dioxide does exist but it only occurs under very high pressures.
Similarly, gases can turn straight into solids when cooled. This is called deposition.
Our final thing to discover is that when a material changes states the mass stays the same. The density changes - so the mass per unit volume. But the mass does not change. Our glass of nice, cold coke weighs the same whether the ice is solid or when the ice has melted.
So, there we have the changes of state. Just remember that the mass stays the same, whatever the state!
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SUBSCRIBE to the FuseSchool RUclips channel for many more educational videos. Our teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT.
VISIT us at www.fuseschool.org, where all of our videos are carefully organised into topics and specific orders, and to see what else we have on offer. Comment, like and share with other learners. You can both ask and answer questions, and teachers will get back to you.
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[@ovidvaz6629]

who else in quarantine and science teacher told us to watch this

[@sandyvivanco2097]

me xd

[@sheebans4030]

Me too

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Me

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Me

[@catholicchurch1751]

Me

[@tencupsoftea2406]

video: created at 2017
literally everyone: sees it at 2020

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Mhm

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Seriouslyyy

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how do you know

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true

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2017: no one
2020: a lot of people
2021: EVERYONE IS HERE

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Ennit haha

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ye

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I’m waiting for my classmates to comment lmao

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If you got this for school work in quarantine reply

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I got a freaking hyperdoc

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Me

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alphabet

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Idek ;-;

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no one cares so shut up

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bro its cause covid of course

[@uptight8496]

Science class teachers:
hey guys watch dis video xddddddd

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ikr

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Pov- ur scrolling through the comments because school work is too much shit

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nope it's because I have a test next week

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I am a nerd that likes school. But this is boring

[@hittin_like_a_truck5957]

alrigthy

[@kjp-sy8uf]

They put all the budget into the animations and graphics and none into the microphone lmao

[@oofrobloxchannel2175]

Who else’s teacher sent this to you for science but there was also something to read but you chose to watch this vid

[@djpulse4735]

same here

[@janinja5519]

omg me lol

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Me subscribe to chugless

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You play roblox

[@MOTIVATION27939]

Add me my name is ayobamiade122

[@vibrantebony]

It’s kinda awkward that the creator is scrolling through the comments

[@mrgoodman7837]

it's kinda awkard u write dis

[@happi2659]

that’s how youtube works

[@hittin_like_a_truck5957]

nah

[@burritoboi3700]

Whenever my teacher makes me do notes on a video, I don't really pay attention, I just write whatever sounds important

[@mrcyborg9216]

ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhaaaahahahahahahahahaha

[@isadoraparaschiv4773]

Honestly me too

[@nohaamer754]

Lol 😆

[@marcinay6249]

@kennyboos You can use transcript. where you can find it is when you are on your laptop press the three dots, it's on the like and dislike row and then open transcript its easier that way :)

[@tweakernumber1]

@kennyboos bahahahaha honestly same

[@nicolamaiuga5868]

My teacher made us watch it like if u had to do the same and they spelt energy wrong in 1:46 lol

[@madhumitabhol161]

I also caught that

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Hi

[@Justinwhitethegoat]

💀

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My teacher made me watch it.

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Me to

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[@AbdulHADI-nu6gw]

My also

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me too

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Who’s teacher tell this to watch

[@hittin_like_a_truck5957]

mine

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me

[@eee4545]

the dislikes are people who got sent here for lessons

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ppl who got this set in second lockdown reply

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Yep

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Yup

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Wait u guys are getting 2nd lockdowns

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yep

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(

[@DuxyOn2k]

i have had to watch this for school like 50 times in a row it is so anoyying after a while

[@eliseharris9168]

felt that

[@UmakTeez]

Fuseschool: uploads this video
science teachers: *this looks like a job for me*

[@lesscientifiquesdhippolyte9436]

very good vid ! But at the end, the level of the water in the glass shouldn't get higher as the ice is melting...

[@marizzgonzales2106]

Wow tysm I like it a lot of students will watch this :)
Good one and I learn a lot

[@fuseschool]

Thank you! Glad to hear that!

[@chandanbhattacharjee2082]

1 sublimation
2 deposition
3 condensation
4 evaporation\boiling
5 melting
6 freezing

[@marcinay6249]

Thanks for the video! Helped me a lot more!

[@fuseschool]

Glad it helped!

[@Arfahhassan875]

Anyone 2024
👇🏼

[@fuseschool]

Still here! OG team rocking with you!

[@puneetaranjan9603]

teacher : there are 3 states of matter
kid who knows about plasma: im gonna stop you right there

[@x_kuro5611]

XD
literally, happens every time

[@keshabprodhani2045]

Gas changes into liquid when it is cooled and has changed into overheated

[@Charlie-wd5uh]

Science work while in quarantine, yay😒

[@robertmuir8225]

LoL, copy and paste the video description for an easy essay!
it will need some tweaking, and your teacher will probably know if you don't edit it but its an easy quick couple hundred words.

[@owenconroy5704]

ok but, does this actually work

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@@owenconroy5704 worked for me

[@niyatikoul3565]

Is anyone in 2021??? Or am I the only one?

[@akanta5746]

the condensates have left the chat

[@Tearnalte]

what about plasma?

[@큐스타-s5b]

Boss-Einstein, Plasma: Am I a joke to you?

[@droopyjuniper5700]

Ikr, xD (Also I see you also like pokemon, and Ditto. hello ;-;

[@shahsabir4060]

Woooooof

[@lemon-vy3mj]

yeeesss Pokémon

[@slimequeen1237]

What is the particle behavior?

[@anassygirl8757]

Thank you my Teacher use this video to help teach us during quarantine 👍
Help me alot! 👍

[@fuseschool]

That's great! Glad it helped!

[@bestvlogger4785]

Very interesting but I'm interested her voice he speaks English and
👇
👇

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What are you indian?

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Anyone knowing BTS in here
Asking the A.R.M.Y only ok💜💜💜💜

[@Lirael729]

My science teacher made me watch this during an online lesson aaaaaaa

[@416amer]

Thank you for the explanation 🙏🌹

[@fuseschool]

Always welcome 😊

[@raazy0155]

Nobody: Noticed the spelling error at 1:46 of the word energy

[@chandanbhattacharjee2082]

I did

[@chandanbhattacharjee2082]

Error was "ENERY" instead of "ENERGY"

[@chandanbhattacharjee2082]

Everyone:Everything is matter
Me:Wrong.Light ain't matter

[@gamingpursuit2049]

ohh good question btw

[@rebekahmathai4544]

Light is energy
Everything is either light or energy
UwU

[@MattStormGaming]

2017: 100 views
2020: 780,000 views

[@imaginetho-zq2rl]

This really helped in my science assessment, thanks!!

[@fuseschool]

Awesome! Glad it helped!

[@udaychauhan2312]

To change the state of matter only temperature or only pressure or both are required?if a gas is pressurized to change it's state where it's kinetic energy gone?
LPG is highly pressurized but it's temperature is low , the temperature should be high because pressure is directly propertional to temperature.

[@amrvantage7540]

Who is in school right now and their science teacher told us to watch this and your bored af

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Me

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M e

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Thanks for this my teacher can't teach.

[@fuseschool]

Happy to help!

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Everybody: my teacher made me watch it.
Me: I am the teacher that will make my students watch this 🤣

[@bewareofeelz]

No-

[@lemon-vy3mj]

lol

[@lowteshroomi6475]

*My teacher could see this comment. Hello Ms. Watson!*

[@Jackary1232]

made 3 years ago, but all comments r like during covid lol

[@dani282]

right

[@chandanbhattacharjee2082]

Examples of sublime objects are camphor and iodine

[@Frosty294492]

One problem I notice in this video is near the end. The height of the water in the glass will not change. In this video it does.

[@niyahandrea]

why is my science teacher making us watch this.

[@nanarivet3291]

Cuz its science

[@humatauqeer383]

Thanks for telling me I haded doubts but they are clear now

[@doghousegalaxy4159]

This is a pretty good video! Thank you.

[@fuseschool]

Glad you liked it!

[@Crithaian]

Here for online homework 8 blue anyone else

[@haidezz1272]

good job
l

[@Meta36]

Really good teacher. 4 min video only better than 1 hour in class getting bored

[@priscillaryan821]

your here from you science teacher aren't you

[@roxycharmxoroadto50subs80]

My teacher told me to watch this video too.

[@ultrongamer9221]

I have beened Enjoyed today's Class😊

[@judihamdan9330]

i have a question the question is what do we call the change when a solid changes directly into gas??

[@fuseschool]

It's called sublimation.

[@reubenalexander5609]

our teacher told us to watch it

[@wutbuffe4734]

On Earth, materials exist in one of three main states of matter: solid, liquid or gas.
Materials can change between these states. When a state change occurs, a substance’s properties will also change. However, if the state change is reversed the substance will recover the properties it had to begin with. Matter can transition between the three states when heated or cooled. But why is heat key in all this?
When a material is heated, it absorbs heat energy. This additional energy can cause attractive forces between molecules to break. This leads to rearrangements of the particles because the attractive forces no longer hold them together as tightly. The same happens when a liquid is heated. The attractive forces between the molecules break, leading them to become more widely dispersed and a gas to form.
Do you know the difference between evaporation and boiling? Both are when a substance transforms from a liquid to a gas. Think of a boiling pan of water… all of the water bubbles. This is because all of the particles have enough energy to become gaseous. But water standing in a pan that is not being heated by anything other than the environment, can also turn into a gas - this is evaporation. Only the particles at the surface have enough energy to change from liquid to gas. Hence, evaporation is a slower process than boiling even though it achieves the same state change. Both are types of vaporisation.
The opposite of these vaporisation processes is condensation: the transition from gas to liquid. Think of a cold can of soda on a hot day - those water droplets on the outside. Or the dew on the grass in the morning. Or the steamed-up mirror after a hot bath. Even the clouds in the sky. Or a foggy windscreen on a car. These are all examples of condensation. Water vapour in the air has cooled down to form liquid droplets of water.
Now let’s think about the transitions between solids and liquids: so, melting and freezing. Think of the Arctic sea ice. In the summer when air temperatures are warmer, more heat energy is absorbed by the ice. This causes bonds to break between the ice’s water molecules and the ice starts to melt. The solid ice becomes liquid water. But in the winter, the air temperatures are colder and so seawater freezes and the ice starts to form again. There is less heat energy within the ice, and so more bonds can form, holding it together as solid ice
.
Did you know that sometimes when solids are heated they can turn straight into gases? This is called sublimation. This is only demonstrated by particular materials such as solid carbon dioxide (AKA ‘dry ice’). When subjected to a certain pressure it will turn straight into gaseous carbon dioxide. Liquid carbon dioxide does exist but it only occurs under very high pressures.
Similarly, gases can turn straight into solids when cooled. This is called deposition.
Our final thing to discover is that when a material changes states the mass stays the same. The density changes - so the mass per unit volume. But the mass does not change. Our glass of nice, cold coke weighs the same whether the ice is solid or when the ice has melted.
So, there we have the changes of state. Just remember that the mass stays the same, whatever the state!
SUBSCRIBE to the FuseSchool RUclips channel for many more educational videos. Our teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT.
VISIT us at www.fuseschool.org, where all of our videos are carefully organised into topics and specific orders, and to see what else we have on offer. Comment, like and share with other learners. You can both ask and answer questions, and teachers will get back to you.

[@astrangerthatcaresaboutyou7837]

Thanks
I can save time
Thx lots

[@xantekoh6278]

Very good video for kids in P5

[@sumithra3876]

Nice piece of work 👍

[@fuseschool]

Thanks 👍

[@fahada8715]

I dont know why its bad but I will give it a 7/10

[@mohammadomer6447]

1:03
"Gas particles try to come out of the screen"
The Man Behind The Video: "Hey Go Back!"

[@lemon-vy3mj]

nice joke

[@lenniethebun9227]

Good ol mr elcome givin this to us

[@arandompersonyoudontknow9098]

all the particles have enough enery to become gaseous xD

[@rosieiscool8692]

i saw that too aha!! at 1:46

[@nohaamer754]

Dude so what should we do

[@НұрисламҚұлжан]

Thanks for the best

[@fuseschool]

Most welcome!

[@sherwin-speedcuber2060]

Nice video very well expalained 👍🏾👍🏾👍🏾

[@fuseschool]

Thank you!

[@ccaaaarrrd]

Yo I’m seeing this right at school

[@ccaaaarrrd]

Yep

[@ccaaaarrrd]

Yep

[@adambarclay4209]

spelling mistake at 1:40, should be Energy

[@sadikir]

thank you auto correct

[@bahiaakhdime9577]

attention mistakebut good video

[@FirstnameLastname-ru6lh]

Adam Barclay nah guy that’s not fresh

[@Ilrahcsiyag]

*gasp* I saw that too. :0

[@iguessimthatguy1104]

when

[@vv16_20]

UGH I HATE THIS I KNOW ALL OF THIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@ttv_henryp7394]

who else got this set as science homework. lol

[@that_guy_upstairs6968]

There’s a lot of us trust me

[@akaihasuu]

*M. e.*

[@mayurraul6716]

Yes nice but this is Englishmari bro

[@imsoongrai1799]

Thanks soo much just tryna get a 1 up on my classmates

[@cadynbojangles]

Hi Mrs. Warak

[@rajdheerdubey5974]

Fantastically explained...

[@fuseschool]

Thank you 💜

[@carialea]

I love changing matter it’s very fun and the videos cause I’ll try to change sand into wet sand or ice in the water

[@randomtv3822]

Ok this channel explains simple ques
Still i found it very interesting.
Plus
I got 1 more channel to suggest .
Its worth seeing .

[@Odysseus-st3wn]

Which channel?

[@ashlyn9711]

Eyo typical science teacher check!

[@daegaldh1985]

1:18 1. Melting
2. Evaporation
3. Freezing
4. Condensation

[@fuseschool]

Well done 🙌

[@sup-mz2xy]

why does have to be so scientific

[@vishwateja9975]

I Learned a lot from this video

[@fuseschool]

Awesome!

[@subhaanghafoor3632]

I learnt the alternative version of spelling energy 1:46

[@kerriankaelyn6041]

Thx

[@lokmjj]

have you ever heard of plasma??? (essentially a gas composed of ionised particles and electrons)

[@0snack03]

loloolololololol i feel like teachers made this person exist and make this video

[@UnknownPerson-ly5nz]

1:melting
2:evaporating
3:freezing
4:condensating
How many does you guys got it TRUE?

[@UnknownPerson-ly5nz]

1:sublimation
2:deposition
3:condensation
4:evaporation
5:melting
6:freezing
How many do you guys get it TRUE?

[@honeysingh2329]

Please do video on how can we inter

[@yanhongchen1674]

Who else got this video to watch by their science teacher hit like and reply.

[@mary-jf8bg]

me 😭

[@alexgmail6963]

me

[@COOKIE_SHELLY]

Thank you!! I need this for my science :))

[@fuseschool]

You're welcome 😊 we hope you subscribe and check out more of our videos

[@bestofgames5574]

Thank you it help for my science exam ...thanks 😀😀😀

[@greezey377]

if you got this for schoolwork like

[@queenavu484]

Thank you soo much for this video ❤️
It's very helpful for me in science assessment ❤️❤️❤️

[@fuseschool]

I'm so glad!

[@jasper642]

1:40 it says enery instead of energy

[@rollerskateplaysgacha]

Even though my science teacher made me watch this, it’s still a really good video!

[@agungturanto8188]

Please make more science video for kids!!

[@pikovandropov2086]

Small point: the transition from liquid to gas is vaporization. Evaporation, as you later state, is vaporizing below the boiling point. Boiling is vaporizing at or above the boiling point.

[@danfreebs2399]

Thank you

[@forrestcooper08]

quarintine science be like

[@chrisgarrett7669]

Fantastic explanation - thank you!

[@fuseschool]

No problem! Glad you liked it!

[@dreadeddrummer]

cool my dauter loves it