Black holes are based on a mathematical misconception. Most people don't know that Einstein said that singularities are not possible. In the 1939 journal "Annals of Mathematics" he wrote "The essential result of this investigation is a clear understanding as to why the Schwarzchild singularities (Schwarzchild was the first to raise the issue of General Relativity predicting singularities) do not exist in physical reality. Although the theory given here treats only clusters (star clusters) whose particles move along circular paths it does seem to be subject to reasonable doubt that more general cases will have analogous results. The Schwarzchild singularities do not appear for the reason that matter cannot be concentrated arbitrarily. And this is due to the fact that otherwise the constituting particles would reach the velocity of light." He was referring to the phenomenon of dilation (sometimes called gamma or y) mass that is dilated is smeared through spacetime relative to an outside observer. It's the phenomenon behind the phrase "mass becomes infinite at the speed of light". Even mass that exists at 75% light speed is partially dilated. "Time dilation" is just one aspect of dilation. General Relativity does not predict singularities when you factor in dilation. Einstein is known to have repeatedly spoken about this. Nobody believed in black holes when he was alive for this reason. Dilation will occur wherever there is an astronomical quantity of mass because high mass means high momentum. There is no place in the universe where mass is more concentrated than at the center of a galaxy. It can be shown mathematically that the mass at the center of our own galaxy must be dilated. In other words that mass is all around us. This is the explanation for the abnormally high rotation rates of stars in spiral galaxies (the reason for the theory of dark matter) the "missing mass" is dilated mass. According to Einstein's math, there would be no dilation in galaxies with very, very low mass because they do not have enough mass in their centers to achieve relativistic velocities. It has recently been confirmed in 5 very, very low mass galaxies to show no signs of dark matter. The shape of a galaxy is common in nature. From atoms to our solar system the overwhelming majority of the mass is in the center. The same must be true for galaxies. Where there is an astronomical quantity of mass there is an astronomical quantity of energy. The night sky should be lit up from the galactic center but it isn't. The modern explanation for this is because gravitational forces are so strong there that not even light can escape. Einstein's answer would be because the mass there is dilated relative to an Earthbound observer. Black holes were popularized by television and movies in the 1960's and belief in them gradually came to be despite the fact that Einstein said they cannot exist and there was no evidence. What we see in modern astronomy is evidence of dilation, a known fundamental property of the universe.
@@dimitrispapadimitriou5622 No, he didn't. Einstein's reasoning on why they don't exist is as solid as a rock. Singularities have always been a stubbornly persistent fictional term.
@@shawns0762 Nope, the "Schwarzschild singularity" at the horizon r=2M ( that you are talking about ) is only a " coordinate singularity", that can be removed easily when changing coordinates. The "real" singularity (at r=0) is unavoidable, as Penrose proved. That wasn't known back then, but we're not in the early 20th century... You have to update your " knowledge".
@@dimitrispapadimitriou5622 You are not factoring in dilation. Einstein wrote about dilation occurring in "large clusters of stars" which is basically a very low mass galaxy. For a galaxy to have no/low dilation it must have very, very low mass (or low mass in its center). The recently discovered fact that very, very low mass galaxies have predictable star rotation rates is virtual proof that "dark matter" is dilated mass. There can be no other realistic explanation for this fact. I have been studying physics since before you were born probably
7:15 or so is when the talk starts.
Professor sean Carroll is a cool guy
Black holes are based on a mathematical misconception. Most people don't know that Einstein said that singularities are not possible. In the 1939 journal "Annals of Mathematics" he wrote "The essential result of this investigation is a clear understanding as to why the Schwarzchild singularities (Schwarzchild was the first to raise the issue of General Relativity predicting singularities) do not exist in physical reality. Although the theory given here treats only clusters (star clusters) whose particles move along circular paths it does seem to be subject to reasonable doubt that more general cases will have analogous results. The Schwarzchild singularities do not appear for the reason that matter cannot be concentrated arbitrarily. And this is due to the fact that otherwise the constituting particles would reach the velocity of light."
He was referring to the phenomenon of dilation (sometimes called gamma or y) mass that is dilated is smeared through spacetime relative to an outside observer. It's the phenomenon behind the phrase "mass becomes infinite at the speed of light". Even mass that exists at 75% light speed is partially dilated. "Time dilation" is just one aspect of dilation.
General Relativity does not predict singularities when you factor in dilation. Einstein is known to have repeatedly spoken about this. Nobody believed in black holes when he was alive for this reason.
Dilation will occur wherever there is an astronomical quantity of mass because high mass means high momentum. There is no place in the universe where mass is more concentrated than at the center of a galaxy.
It can be shown mathematically that the mass at the center of our own galaxy must be dilated. In other words that mass is all around us. This is the explanation for the abnormally high rotation rates of stars in spiral galaxies (the reason for the theory of dark matter) the "missing mass" is dilated mass.
According to Einstein's math, there would be no dilation in galaxies with very, very low mass because they do not have enough mass in their centers to achieve relativistic velocities.
It has recently been confirmed in 5 very, very low mass galaxies to show no signs of dark matter.
The shape of a galaxy is common in nature. From atoms to our solar system the overwhelming majority of the mass is in the center. The same must be true for galaxies. Where there is an astronomical quantity of mass there is an astronomical quantity of energy. The night sky should be lit up from the galactic center but it isn't.
The modern explanation for this is because gravitational forces are so strong there that not even light can escape. Einstein's answer would be because the mass there is dilated relative to an Earthbound observer.
Black holes were popularized by television and movies in the 1960's and belief in them gradually came to be despite the fact that Einstein said they cannot exist and there was no evidence.
What we see in modern astronomy is evidence of dilation, a known fundamental property of the universe.
Nope, the misconception is all yours.
Penrose proved many years later that singularities are unavoidable in General Relativity.
@@dimitrispapadimitriou5622 No, he didn't. Einstein's reasoning on why they don't exist is as solid as a rock. Singularities have always been a stubbornly persistent fictional term.
@@shawns0762 Nope, the "Schwarzschild singularity" at the horizon r=2M ( that you are talking about ) is only a " coordinate singularity", that can be removed easily when changing coordinates.
The "real" singularity (at r=0) is unavoidable, as Penrose proved.
That wasn't known back then, but we're not in the early 20th century...
You have to update your " knowledge".
@@dimitrispapadimitriou5622 You are not factoring in dilation.
Einstein wrote about dilation occurring in "large clusters of stars" which is basically a very low mass galaxy. For a galaxy to have no/low dilation it must have very, very low mass (or low mass in its center). The recently discovered fact that very, very low mass galaxies have predictable star rotation rates is virtual proof that "dark matter" is dilated mass. There can be no other realistic explanation for this fact.
I have been studying physics since before you were born probably
Too much echo in the audio. Hard to listen to.