About general Mireur, he was a jacobin assigned to the army of the Sambre and the Meusse, he popularized (not writed that was LaLisle) La Marsellaise. In 1798 he was sent to Egypt, but in his own words "The directory only objective is to send the hero (Napoleon) to whom they fear his ambition and his army of undefeated outside the continent" he also got word of the Neapolitanian betrayal when they invited the British in 1798 in violation of the previous peace treaties, however he seemed to underestiamte the British naval capabilities. When during the meeting with Napoleon he said "with our bases at Corfu and Malta the mediterranean is ours, even Sardenia will acept us we should march into southern italy, and then came back an march to India, wherever the directory wants is not to us", but Napoleon insistence make him irk, so he went outside and buy an arab horse, then he rided from post to post, but he was ambushed by Mamelouks and killed, he shoot his gun, but not to himself but against the four mamelouks
My source for the suicide was Chandler: 'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.' (Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon) Didn't know that background about Mireur, very interesting, thanks for sharing
@@historicallyadequate2500 Great, yes i don't know why Chandler said it but Chandler was one of the most renown historians so... Somehing true must be, however my focus was on the background, thanks for your answer. It's a great work what you are doing
Yep, fascinating guy. Plenty of Black history to be discussed around this time period and Dumas is an important part of that. I'll do a supplemental on him at some stage
His son was one of the most famous French writers of the 19th century…. He wrote “the count of Monte Cristo” & “the 3 musketeers”… but you probably already know that? If you didn’t though, then there you go!
None of them so great. Ceaser rightly hunted by the Republik for his greed. And as for your loved Alexander, he merely took up the persian empire... Nien, rather, he lost 500,000 sq miles of land which Achaemenid persia held. He went the same Route as the Persians to Indien, yet he failed to take it, which the Persians did take. Was not worthy of being called great. But your imaginären have exaggerations like no other.
@@arifahmedkhan9999 8t is easy to dismiss others achievement but hard to achieve it l. Ofc these look to you as mere exggageration when your argument barely makes sense. Alexander's empire being fractured has got nothing to do with Alexander lol
What did Napoleon think of the Egyptian expedition in his later years? Did think that it was a waste of time? Or did he think that it was a necessary part of his career?
Napoleon was not in the habit of second guessing himself. He could regret things in private, to friends, lovers, confidants, but whenever he knew his words would be recorded for propaganda or posterity, there was no regret. Historians broadly agree that the campaign was a failure, quibbling over the scale. Napoleon was, at the time, aware of the failure but took the advantage of resumptions of hostilities with Austria to deflect criticism. By the time the French are booted from Egypt, Napoleon is first consul and he's won at Marengo. So nobody is really challenging Napoleon's views that it was a success.
@@historicallyadequate2500 It is said that when general Kléber wrote to the Directory to complain about that general Bonaparte who has just abandoned his troops in Egypt, the letter took so long to arrive to Paris that by the time it arrived Napoleon was already First Consul...can you imagine had that letter arrived on time?
Nice to have no background music - Is Chandler the best book on Napoleon's campaigns? It's expensive on line - I am slow-reading A. Thiers on Heliopolis at this time. He is often rough on Kleber.
Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon is the bible for this time period. It was expensive when I got it but completely indispensable for these videos. For more general reading it is still very interesting but maybe look out for a second hand copy. I've only read Thiers on the French Revolution. No surprise he's rough on Kleber
Another great episode! Is there any source for Mireur committing suicide, most what I can find states that he was killed by enemy while riding on the new horse all alone.
Yeah, here you go: 'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.' Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon
8:35. I cant even imagine what the baggage train that they kept in middle of squares was like. Food water powder cannonballs tents printshop horse fodder clothes blankets medicine ... (not to mention the laptops battery chargers printers and tennis raquets and sports equipment 😊 )
29:34 this drawing is the Cairo Salahedin citadel fort, not the grand mosque of Al azhar which was the seat of all the Islamic clergy and mufftis (the mosque in the middle with the blue domes in the pictures is Mohamad Ali Pasha mosque and was not yet built). Mohamad Ali was an Albanian who took power almost immediately after the French has left, and unlike Napoleon, was able to use the Azhar clerics against the remainder of the Mamelouks and settled his dynasties rule on Egypt for the next century which ended with the abdication of King Farouk in 52 , the rise of the Socialist Nasser, and the declaration fo the republic.
Oops. Honestly surprised it hasn't happened more often, it's a very easy mistake to make. Check the captions if you're ever unsure, they'll always be correct
I recall Rome’s violent history in Judea. There’s certainly something about our Abrahimic neighbors that made them Western-intolerant. Though of course, I’m not quite sure I can say globalization hasn’t conquered them thoroughly nowadays. I’m curious, if the French visited the Middle East, did they take anything back that stuck with them? (not counting relics and art but rather a cultural imprint). I’m thinking for example, how popular tea became due to Portuguese, Dutch and British incursions into China.
Yeah the French brought back with them a pretty enduring fascination with Egypt and the Levant. Orientalism would emerge as an artistic, literary and cultural phenomenon in France from 1799 onwards, and spread right throughout Europe and America. Egyptology too would become a mainstay of France's contributions to anthropology and archaeology. Egyptian military clothing, especially the design of their sabres, would influence French patterns.
They brought back 3 main scientific points: 1- Napoleon two thousand enginers and scientists summarized everything they saw in 19 volumes book called " le description d' egypte". The drawings are impeccable. Everything from insects and birds, to detailed temples layout, harem girls, food and music. 2- The ROSETTA STONE, which decoded the ancient languages. 3- Napoleone also thought of two main ideas that would forever destabilize the middleeast, a creation of a European JEWISH STATE in Palestine, and digging the SUEZ CANAL.
Incridible what fantastic hopeless campaigns against a navl power many try vs the British. Look at WW2, once Japan was a major naval threat and Ityaly got annoying it was very fast countered. AT SEA...
'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.' Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon
Incredibly underrated channel. This whole series is amazing!
Very nice video! Nothing bloated or excessive. You tell the facts with reference to the primary sources. I am a fan.
Thanks for the kind words!
About general Mireur, he was a jacobin assigned to the army of the Sambre and the Meusse, he popularized (not writed that was LaLisle) La Marsellaise. In 1798 he was sent to Egypt, but in his own words "The directory only objective is to send the hero (Napoleon) to whom they fear his ambition and his army of undefeated outside the continent" he also got word of the Neapolitanian betrayal when they invited the British in 1798 in violation of the previous peace treaties, however he seemed to underestiamte the British naval capabilities. When during the meeting with Napoleon he said "with our bases at Corfu and Malta the mediterranean is ours, even Sardenia will acept us we should march into southern italy, and then came back an march to India, wherever the directory wants is not to us", but Napoleon insistence make him irk, so he went outside and buy an arab horse, then he rided from post to post, but he was ambushed by Mamelouks and killed, he shoot his gun, but not to himself but against the four mamelouks
My source for the suicide was Chandler:
'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.' (Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon)
Didn't know that background about Mireur, very interesting, thanks for sharing
@@historicallyadequate2500 Great, yes i don't know why Chandler said it but Chandler was one of the most renown historians so... Somehing true must be, however my focus was on the background, thanks for your answer. It's a great work what you are doing
Wondered too about mireur.
as always 10/10 looking forward to the next episode
Thanks, shouldn't be too long now
I encourage everyone to read up on General Dumas. Absolute legendary soldier
Yep, fascinating guy. Plenty of Black history to be discussed around this time period and Dumas is an important part of that. I'll do a supplemental on him at some stage
His son was one of the most famous French writers of the 19th century…. He wrote “the count of Monte Cristo”
& “the 3 musketeers”… but you probably already know that? If you didn’t though, then there you go!
Thanks so much bro
All good
Napoleon following the footsteps of Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar!!!
Big caligulae to fill
@@historicallyadequate2500 I get it ! 😂
None of them so great.
Ceaser rightly hunted by the Republik for his greed.
And as for your loved Alexander, he merely took up the persian empire...
Nien, rather, he lost 500,000 sq miles of land which Achaemenid persia held. He went the same Route as the Persians to Indien, yet he failed to take it, which the Persians did take.
Was not worthy of being called great. But your imaginären have exaggerations like no other.
@@arifahmedkhan9999 8t is easy to dismiss others achievement but hard to achieve it l. Ofc these look to you as mere exggageration when your argument barely makes sense. Alexander's empire being fractured has got nothing to do with Alexander lol
@@historicallyadequate2500 you mentioned that the Demi brigade formed in an oblique angle as to provide better field for fire. What does that mean
At 7:10. "cavalry square" instead of "infantry square"
Shhh. Don't tell anyone. Our secret
What did Napoleon think of the Egyptian expedition in his later years? Did think that it was a waste of time? Or did he think that it was a necessary part of his career?
He said he would rather be in Egypt than in Saint Helena
Napoleon was not in the habit of second guessing himself. He could regret things in private, to friends, lovers, confidants, but whenever he knew his words would be recorded for propaganda or posterity, there was no regret. Historians broadly agree that the campaign was a failure, quibbling over the scale. Napoleon was, at the time, aware of the failure but took the advantage of resumptions of hostilities with Austria to deflect criticism. By the time the French are booted from Egypt, Napoleon is first consul and he's won at Marengo. So nobody is really challenging Napoleon's views that it was a success.
@@historicallyadequate2500 It is said that when general Kléber wrote to the Directory to complain about that general Bonaparte who has just abandoned his troops in Egypt, the letter took so long to arrive to Paris that by the time it arrived Napoleon was already First Consul...can you imagine had that letter arrived on time?
Would've been a good excuse for the Directory to remove Napoleon definitely. Though as it happened, Napoleon removed them first
Nice to have no background music - Is Chandler the best book on Napoleon's campaigns? It's expensive on line - I am slow-reading A. Thiers on Heliopolis at this time. He is often rough on Kleber.
Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon is the bible for this time period. It was expensive when I got it but completely indispensable for these videos. For more general reading it is still very interesting but maybe look out for a second hand copy.
I've only read Thiers on the French Revolution. No surprise he's rough on Kleber
No no. please no music
Another great episode!
Is there any source for Mireur committing suicide, most what I can find states that he was killed by enemy while riding on the new horse all alone.
Yeah, here you go:
'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.'
Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon
@@historicallyadequate2500 Nice, thanks!
8:35. I cant even imagine what the baggage train that they kept in middle of squares was like.
Food water powder cannonballs tents printshop horse fodder clothes blankets medicine ... (not to mention the laptops battery chargers printers and tennis raquets and sports equipment 😊 )
What date was the jihad called ?
love your vids
29:34 this drawing is the Cairo Salahedin citadel fort, not the grand mosque of Al azhar which was the seat of all the Islamic clergy and mufftis (the mosque in the middle with the blue domes in the pictures is Mohamad Ali Pasha mosque and was not yet built). Mohamad Ali was an Albanian who took power almost immediately after the French has left, and unlike Napoleon, was able to use the Azhar clerics against the remainder of the Mamelouks and settled his dynasties rule on Egypt for the next century which ended with the abdication of King Farouk in 52 , the rise of the Socialist Nasser, and the declaration fo the republic.
@20:11 "Napoleon crossed the T" ... that might be incorrect ???
Oops. Honestly surprised it hasn't happened more often, it's a very easy mistake to make. Check the captions if you're ever unsure, they'll always be correct
I recall Rome’s violent history in Judea. There’s certainly something about our Abrahimic neighbors that made them Western-intolerant. Though of course, I’m not quite sure I can say globalization hasn’t conquered them thoroughly nowadays.
I’m curious, if the French visited the Middle East, did they take anything back that stuck with them? (not counting relics and art but rather a cultural imprint).
I’m thinking for example, how popular tea became due to Portuguese, Dutch and British incursions into China.
Yeah the French brought back with them a pretty enduring fascination with Egypt and the Levant. Orientalism would emerge as an artistic, literary and cultural phenomenon in France from 1799 onwards, and spread right throughout Europe and America. Egyptology too would become a mainstay of France's contributions to anthropology and archaeology. Egyptian military clothing, especially the design of their sabres, would influence French patterns.
They brought back 3 main scientific points:
1- Napoleon two thousand enginers and scientists summarized everything they saw in 19 volumes book called " le description d' egypte". The drawings are impeccable. Everything from insects and birds, to detailed temples layout, harem girls, food and music.
2- The ROSETTA STONE, which decoded the ancient languages.
3- Napoleone also thought of two main ideas that would forever destabilize the middleeast, a creation of a European JEWISH STATE in Palestine, and digging the SUEZ CANAL.
Incridible what fantastic hopeless campaigns against a navl power many try vs the British.
Look at WW2, once Japan was a major naval threat and Ityaly got annoying it was very fast countered. AT SEA...
miruer didn't shoot himself!!
'After their untold suffering, Bonparte cocentrated four dispirited divisions totaling some 18,000 men at Damanhur on July 9th. Many units were in a state bordering on mutiny and the mood of the general officers was little better; but not for an instant did Bonaparte lose control of the situation. He rejected with scorn his officers' ultimatum, and their spokesman, General Miruer, was found out in the desert the next morning, dead by his own hand.'
Pg. 222 D. Chandler's Campaigns of Napoleon
@@historicallyadequate2500 Now i don't know which one is true ;((